xref: /qemu/block/crypto.c (revision 82f51817)
1 /*
2  * QEMU block full disk encryption
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
5  *
6  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  *
19  */
20 
21 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
22 
23 #include "block/block_int.h"
24 #include "block/qdict.h"
25 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
26 #include "crypto/block.h"
27 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
28 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-crypto.h"
29 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
30 #include "qapi/error.h"
31 #include "qemu/option.h"
32 #include "crypto.h"
33 
34 typedef struct BlockCrypto BlockCrypto;
35 
36 struct BlockCrypto {
37     QCryptoBlock *block;
38 };
39 
40 
41 static int block_crypto_probe_generic(QCryptoBlockFormat format,
42                                       const uint8_t *buf,
43                                       int buf_size,
44                                       const char *filename)
45 {
46     if (qcrypto_block_has_format(format, buf, buf_size)) {
47         return 100;
48     } else {
49         return 0;
50     }
51 }
52 
53 
54 static ssize_t block_crypto_read_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
55                                       size_t offset,
56                                       uint8_t *buf,
57                                       size_t buflen,
58                                       void *opaque,
59                                       Error **errp)
60 {
61     BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
62     ssize_t ret;
63 
64     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf, buflen);
65     if (ret < 0) {
66         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read encryption header");
67         return ret;
68     }
69     return ret;
70 }
71 
72 
73 struct BlockCryptoCreateData {
74     BlockBackend *blk;
75     uint64_t size;
76 };
77 
78 
79 static ssize_t block_crypto_write_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
80                                        size_t offset,
81                                        const uint8_t *buf,
82                                        size_t buflen,
83                                        void *opaque,
84                                        Error **errp)
85 {
86     struct BlockCryptoCreateData *data = opaque;
87     ssize_t ret;
88 
89     ret = blk_pwrite(data->blk, offset, buf, buflen, 0);
90     if (ret < 0) {
91         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write encryption header");
92         return ret;
93     }
94     return ret;
95 }
96 
97 
98 static ssize_t block_crypto_init_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
99                                       size_t headerlen,
100                                       void *opaque,
101                                       Error **errp)
102 {
103     struct BlockCryptoCreateData *data = opaque;
104 
105     if (data->size > INT64_MAX || headerlen > INT64_MAX - data->size) {
106         error_setg(errp, "The requested file size is too large");
107         return -EFBIG;
108     }
109 
110     /* User provided size should reflect amount of space made
111      * available to the guest, so we must take account of that
112      * which will be used by the crypto header
113      */
114     return blk_truncate(data->blk, data->size + headerlen, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF,
115                         errp);
116 }
117 
118 
119 static QemuOptsList block_crypto_runtime_opts_luks = {
120     .name = "crypto",
121     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(block_crypto_runtime_opts_luks.head),
122     .desc = {
123         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_KEY_SECRET(""),
124         { /* end of list */ }
125     },
126 };
127 
128 
129 static QemuOptsList block_crypto_create_opts_luks = {
130     .name = "crypto",
131     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(block_crypto_create_opts_luks.head),
132     .desc = {
133         {
134             .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
135             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
136             .help = "Virtual disk size"
137         },
138         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_KEY_SECRET(""),
139         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_CIPHER_ALG(""),
140         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_CIPHER_MODE(""),
141         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_IVGEN_ALG(""),
142         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_IVGEN_HASH_ALG(""),
143         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_HASH_ALG(""),
144         BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_ITER_TIME(""),
145         { /* end of list */ }
146     },
147 };
148 
149 
150 QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *
151 block_crypto_open_opts_init(QDict *opts, Error **errp)
152 {
153     Visitor *v;
154     QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *ret;
155 
156     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_flat_confused(opts, errp);
157     if (!v) {
158         return NULL;
159     }
160 
161     visit_type_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(v, NULL, &ret, errp);
162 
163     visit_free(v);
164     return ret;
165 }
166 
167 
168 QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *
169 block_crypto_create_opts_init(QDict *opts, Error **errp)
170 {
171     Visitor *v;
172     QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *ret;
173 
174     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_flat_confused(opts, errp);
175     if (!v) {
176         return NULL;
177     }
178 
179     visit_type_QCryptoBlockCreateOptions(v, NULL, &ret, errp);
180 
181     visit_free(v);
182     return ret;
183 }
184 
185 
186 static int block_crypto_open_generic(QCryptoBlockFormat format,
187                                      QemuOptsList *opts_spec,
188                                      BlockDriverState *bs,
189                                      QDict *options,
190                                      int flags,
191                                      Error **errp)
192 {
193     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
194     QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
195     Error *local_err = NULL;
196     int ret = -EINVAL;
197     QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *open_opts = NULL;
198     unsigned int cflags = 0;
199     QDict *cryptoopts = NULL;
200 
201     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
202                                false, errp);
203     if (!bs->file) {
204         return -EINVAL;
205     }
206 
207     bs->supported_write_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA &
208         bs->file->bs->supported_write_flags;
209 
210     opts = qemu_opts_create(opts_spec, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
211     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
212     if (local_err) {
213         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
214         goto cleanup;
215     }
216 
217     cryptoopts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
218     qdict_put_str(cryptoopts, "format", QCryptoBlockFormat_str(format));
219 
220     open_opts = block_crypto_open_opts_init(cryptoopts, errp);
221     if (!open_opts) {
222         goto cleanup;
223     }
224 
225     if (flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO) {
226         cflags |= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO;
227     }
228     crypto->block = qcrypto_block_open(open_opts, NULL,
229                                        block_crypto_read_func,
230                                        bs,
231                                        cflags,
232                                        1,
233                                        errp);
234 
235     if (!crypto->block) {
236         ret = -EIO;
237         goto cleanup;
238     }
239 
240     bs->encrypted = true;
241 
242     ret = 0;
243  cleanup:
244     qobject_unref(cryptoopts);
245     qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(open_opts);
246     return ret;
247 }
248 
249 
250 static int block_crypto_co_create_generic(BlockDriverState *bs,
251                                           int64_t size,
252                                           QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *opts,
253                                           Error **errp)
254 {
255     int ret;
256     BlockBackend *blk;
257     QCryptoBlock *crypto = NULL;
258     struct BlockCryptoCreateData data;
259 
260     blk = blk_new(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL);
261 
262     ret = blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, errp);
263     if (ret < 0) {
264         goto cleanup;
265     }
266 
267     data = (struct BlockCryptoCreateData) {
268         .blk = blk,
269         .size = size,
270     };
271 
272     crypto = qcrypto_block_create(opts, NULL,
273                                   block_crypto_init_func,
274                                   block_crypto_write_func,
275                                   &data,
276                                   errp);
277 
278     if (!crypto) {
279         ret = -EIO;
280         goto cleanup;
281     }
282 
283     ret = 0;
284  cleanup:
285     qcrypto_block_free(crypto);
286     blk_unref(blk);
287     return ret;
288 }
289 
290 static int coroutine_fn
291 block_crypto_co_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
292                          PreallocMode prealloc, Error **errp)
293 {
294     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
295     uint64_t payload_offset =
296         qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(crypto->block);
297 
298     if (payload_offset > INT64_MAX - offset) {
299         error_setg(errp, "The requested file size is too large");
300         return -EFBIG;
301     }
302 
303     offset += payload_offset;
304 
305     return bdrv_co_truncate(bs->file, offset, prealloc, errp);
306 }
307 
308 static void block_crypto_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
309 {
310     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
311     qcrypto_block_free(crypto->block);
312 }
313 
314 static int block_crypto_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
315                                        BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
316 {
317     /* nothing needs checking */
318     return 0;
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * 1 MB bounce buffer gives good performance / memory tradeoff
323  * when using cache=none|directsync.
324  */
325 #define BLOCK_CRYPTO_MAX_IO_SIZE (1024 * 1024)
326 
327 static coroutine_fn int
328 block_crypto_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
329                        QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
330 {
331     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
332     uint64_t cur_bytes; /* number of bytes in current iteration */
333     uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
334     uint8_t *cipher_data = NULL;
335     QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
336     int ret = 0;
337     uint64_t sector_size = qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(crypto->block);
338     uint64_t payload_offset = qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(crypto->block);
339 
340     assert(!flags);
341     assert(payload_offset < INT64_MAX);
342     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, sector_size));
343     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(bytes, sector_size));
344 
345     qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);
346 
347     /* Bounce buffer because we don't wish to expose cipher text
348      * in qiov which points to guest memory.
349      */
350     cipher_data =
351         qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, MIN(BLOCK_CRYPTO_MAX_IO_SIZE,
352                                               qiov->size));
353     if (cipher_data == NULL) {
354         ret = -ENOMEM;
355         goto cleanup;
356     }
357 
358     while (bytes) {
359         cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, BLOCK_CRYPTO_MAX_IO_SIZE);
360 
361         qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
362         qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cipher_data, cur_bytes);
363 
364         ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->file, payload_offset + offset + bytes_done,
365                              cur_bytes, &hd_qiov, 0);
366         if (ret < 0) {
367             goto cleanup;
368         }
369 
370         if (qcrypto_block_decrypt(crypto->block, offset + bytes_done,
371                                   cipher_data, cur_bytes, NULL) < 0) {
372             ret = -EIO;
373             goto cleanup;
374         }
375 
376         qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, bytes_done, cipher_data, cur_bytes);
377 
378         bytes -= cur_bytes;
379         bytes_done += cur_bytes;
380     }
381 
382  cleanup:
383     qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
384     qemu_vfree(cipher_data);
385 
386     return ret;
387 }
388 
389 
390 static coroutine_fn int
391 block_crypto_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
392                         QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
393 {
394     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
395     uint64_t cur_bytes; /* number of bytes in current iteration */
396     uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
397     uint8_t *cipher_data = NULL;
398     QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
399     int ret = 0;
400     uint64_t sector_size = qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(crypto->block);
401     uint64_t payload_offset = qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(crypto->block);
402 
403     assert(!(flags & ~BDRV_REQ_FUA));
404     assert(payload_offset < INT64_MAX);
405     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, sector_size));
406     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(bytes, sector_size));
407 
408     qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);
409 
410     /* Bounce buffer because we're not permitted to touch
411      * contents of qiov - it points to guest memory.
412      */
413     cipher_data =
414         qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, MIN(BLOCK_CRYPTO_MAX_IO_SIZE,
415                                               qiov->size));
416     if (cipher_data == NULL) {
417         ret = -ENOMEM;
418         goto cleanup;
419     }
420 
421     while (bytes) {
422         cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, BLOCK_CRYPTO_MAX_IO_SIZE);
423 
424         qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, bytes_done, cipher_data, cur_bytes);
425 
426         if (qcrypto_block_encrypt(crypto->block, offset + bytes_done,
427                                   cipher_data, cur_bytes, NULL) < 0) {
428             ret = -EIO;
429             goto cleanup;
430         }
431 
432         qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
433         qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cipher_data, cur_bytes);
434 
435         ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(bs->file, payload_offset + offset + bytes_done,
436                               cur_bytes, &hd_qiov, flags);
437         if (ret < 0) {
438             goto cleanup;
439         }
440 
441         bytes -= cur_bytes;
442         bytes_done += cur_bytes;
443     }
444 
445  cleanup:
446     qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
447     qemu_vfree(cipher_data);
448 
449     return ret;
450 }
451 
452 static void block_crypto_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
453 {
454     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
455     uint64_t sector_size = qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(crypto->block);
456     bs->bl.request_alignment = sector_size; /* No sub-sector I/O */
457 }
458 
459 
460 static int64_t block_crypto_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
461 {
462     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
463     int64_t len = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
464 
465     uint64_t offset = qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(crypto->block);
466     assert(offset < INT64_MAX);
467 
468     if (offset > len) {
469         return -EIO;
470     }
471 
472     len -= offset;
473 
474     return len;
475 }
476 
477 
478 static int block_crypto_probe_luks(const uint8_t *buf,
479                                    int buf_size,
480                                    const char *filename) {
481     return block_crypto_probe_generic(Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS,
482                                       buf, buf_size, filename);
483 }
484 
485 static int block_crypto_open_luks(BlockDriverState *bs,
486                                   QDict *options,
487                                   int flags,
488                                   Error **errp)
489 {
490     return block_crypto_open_generic(Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS,
491                                      &block_crypto_runtime_opts_luks,
492                                      bs, options, flags, errp);
493 }
494 
495 static int coroutine_fn
496 block_crypto_co_create_luks(BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options, Error **errp)
497 {
498     BlockdevCreateOptionsLUKS *luks_opts;
499     BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
500     QCryptoBlockCreateOptions create_opts;
501     int ret;
502 
503     assert(create_options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_LUKS);
504     luks_opts = &create_options->u.luks;
505 
506     bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(luks_opts->file, errp);
507     if (bs == NULL) {
508         return -EIO;
509     }
510 
511     create_opts = (QCryptoBlockCreateOptions) {
512         .format = Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS,
513         .u.luks = *qapi_BlockdevCreateOptionsLUKS_base(luks_opts),
514     };
515 
516     ret = block_crypto_co_create_generic(bs, luks_opts->size, &create_opts,
517                                          errp);
518     if (ret < 0) {
519         goto fail;
520     }
521 
522     ret = 0;
523 fail:
524     bdrv_unref(bs);
525     return ret;
526 }
527 
528 static int coroutine_fn block_crypto_co_create_opts_luks(const char *filename,
529                                                          QemuOpts *opts,
530                                                          Error **errp)
531 {
532     QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *create_opts = NULL;
533     BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
534     QDict *cryptoopts;
535     int64_t size;
536     int ret;
537 
538     /* Parse options */
539     size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
540 
541     cryptoopts = qemu_opts_to_qdict_filtered(opts, NULL,
542                                              &block_crypto_create_opts_luks,
543                                              true);
544 
545     qdict_put_str(cryptoopts, "format", "luks");
546     create_opts = block_crypto_create_opts_init(cryptoopts, errp);
547     if (!create_opts) {
548         ret = -EINVAL;
549         goto fail;
550     }
551 
552     /* Create protocol layer */
553     ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, errp);
554     if (ret < 0) {
555         goto fail;
556     }
557 
558     bs = bdrv_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
559                    BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, errp);
560     if (!bs) {
561         ret = -EINVAL;
562         goto fail;
563     }
564 
565     /* Create format layer */
566     ret = block_crypto_co_create_generic(bs, size, create_opts, errp);
567     if (ret < 0) {
568         goto fail;
569     }
570 
571     ret = 0;
572 fail:
573     bdrv_unref(bs);
574     qapi_free_QCryptoBlockCreateOptions(create_opts);
575     qobject_unref(cryptoopts);
576     return ret;
577 }
578 
579 static int block_crypto_get_info_luks(BlockDriverState *bs,
580                                       BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
581 {
582     BlockDriverInfo subbdi;
583     int ret;
584 
585     ret = bdrv_get_info(bs->file->bs, &subbdi);
586     if (ret != 0) {
587         return ret;
588     }
589 
590     bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = false;
591     bdi->cluster_size = subbdi.cluster_size;
592 
593     return 0;
594 }
595 
596 static ImageInfoSpecific *
597 block_crypto_get_specific_info_luks(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
598 {
599     BlockCrypto *crypto = bs->opaque;
600     ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info;
601     QCryptoBlockInfo *info;
602 
603     info = qcrypto_block_get_info(crypto->block, errp);
604     if (!info) {
605         return NULL;
606     }
607     assert(info->format == Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS);
608 
609     spec_info = g_new(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
610     spec_info->type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_LUKS;
611     spec_info->u.luks.data = g_new(QCryptoBlockInfoLUKS, 1);
612     *spec_info->u.luks.data = info->u.luks;
613 
614     /* Blank out pointers we've just stolen to avoid double free */
615     memset(&info->u.luks, 0, sizeof(info->u.luks));
616 
617     qapi_free_QCryptoBlockInfo(info);
618 
619     return spec_info;
620 }
621 
622 static const char *const block_crypto_strong_runtime_opts[] = {
623     BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_LUKS_KEY_SECRET,
624 
625     NULL
626 };
627 
628 BlockDriver bdrv_crypto_luks = {
629     .format_name        = "luks",
630     .instance_size      = sizeof(BlockCrypto),
631     .bdrv_probe         = block_crypto_probe_luks,
632     .bdrv_open          = block_crypto_open_luks,
633     .bdrv_close         = block_crypto_close,
634     /* This driver doesn't modify LUKS metadata except when creating image.
635      * Allow share-rw=on as a special case. */
636     .bdrv_child_perm    = bdrv_filter_default_perms,
637     .bdrv_co_create     = block_crypto_co_create_luks,
638     .bdrv_co_create_opts = block_crypto_co_create_opts_luks,
639     .bdrv_co_truncate   = block_crypto_co_truncate,
640     .create_opts        = &block_crypto_create_opts_luks,
641 
642     .bdrv_reopen_prepare = block_crypto_reopen_prepare,
643     .bdrv_refresh_limits = block_crypto_refresh_limits,
644     .bdrv_co_preadv     = block_crypto_co_preadv,
645     .bdrv_co_pwritev    = block_crypto_co_pwritev,
646     .bdrv_getlength     = block_crypto_getlength,
647     .bdrv_get_info      = block_crypto_get_info_luks,
648     .bdrv_get_specific_info = block_crypto_get_specific_info_luks,
649 
650     .strong_runtime_opts = block_crypto_strong_runtime_opts,
651 };
652 
653 static void block_crypto_init(void)
654 {
655     bdrv_register(&bdrv_crypto_luks);
656 }
657 
658 block_init(block_crypto_init);
659