xref: /qemu/docs/devel/docs.rst (revision 658178c3)
1
2==================
3QEMU Documentation
4==================
5
6QEMU's documentation is written in reStructuredText format and
7built using the Sphinx documentation generator. We generate both
8the HTML manual and the manpages from the some documentation sources.
9
10hxtool and .hx files
11--------------------
12
13The documentation for QEMU command line options and Human Monitor Protocol
14(HMP) commands is written in files with the ``.hx`` suffix. These
15are processed in two ways:
16
17 * ``scripts/hxtool`` creates C header files from them, which are included
18   in QEMU to do things like handle the ``--help`` option output
19 * a Sphinx extension in ``docs/sphinx/hxtool.py`` generates rST output
20   to be included in the HTML or manpage documentation
21
22The syntax of these ``.hx`` files is simple. It is broadly an
23alternation of C code put into the C output and rST format text
24put into the documention. A few special directives are recognised;
25these are all-caps and must be at the beginning of the line.
26
27``HXCOMM`` is the comment marker. The line, including any arbitrary
28text after the marker, is discarded and appears neither in the C output
29nor the documentation output.
30
31``SRST`` starts a reStructuredText section. Following lines
32are put into the documentation verbatim, and discarded from the C output.
33
34``ERST`` ends the documentation section started with ``SRST``,
35and switches back to a C code section.
36
37``DEFHEADING()`` defines a heading that should appear in both the
38``--help`` output and in the documentation. This directive should
39be in the C code block. If there is a string inside the brackets,
40this is the heading to use. If this string is empty, it produces
41a blank line in the ``--help`` output and is ignored for the rST
42output.
43
44``ARCHHEADING()`` is a variant of ``DEFHEADING()`` which produces
45the heading only if the specified guest architecture was compiled
46into QEMU. This should be avoided in new documentation.
47
48Within C code sections, you should check the comments at the top
49of the file to see what the expected usage is, because this
50varies between files. For instance in ``qemu-options.hx`` we use
51the ``DEF()`` macro to define each option and specify its ``--help``
52text, but in ``hmp-commands.hx`` the C code sections are elements
53of an array of structs of type ``HMPCommand`` which define the
54name, behaviour and help text for each monitor command.
55
56In the file ``qemu-options.hx``, do not try to define a
57reStructuredText label within a documentation section. This file
58is included into two separate Sphinx documents, and some
59versions of Sphinx will complain about the duplicate label
60that results.
61