xref: /qemu/hw/i386/pc.c (revision 2bf40d08)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/units.h"
27 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
28 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
29 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
30 #include "hw/char/parallel.h"
31 #include "hw/i386/apic.h"
32 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
33 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
34 #include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
35 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
36 #include "hw/block/fdc.h"
37 #include "hw/ide.h"
38 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
39 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
40 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
41 #include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
42 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
43 #include "hw/loader.h"
44 #include "elf.h"
45 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
46 #include "multiboot.h"
47 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
48 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
49 #include "hw/dma/i8257.h"
50 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
51 #include "hw/input/i8042.h"
52 #include "hw/irq.h"
53 #include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
54 #include "hw/pci/msi.h"
55 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
56 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
57 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
58 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
59 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
60 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
61 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
62 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
63 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
64 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
65 #include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
66 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
67 #include "exec/memory.h"
68 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
69 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
70 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
71 #include "qemu/option.h"
72 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
73 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
74 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
75 #include "acpi-build.h"
76 #include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
77 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
78 #include "qapi/error.h"
79 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
80 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
81 #include "hw/core/cpu.h"
82 #include "hw/usb.h"
83 #include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
84 #include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
85 #include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
86 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-iommu.h"
87 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-pmem-pci.h"
88 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-mem-pci.h"
89 #include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
90 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
91 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
92 #include "e820_memory_layout.h"
93 #include "fw_cfg.h"
94 #include "trace.h"
95 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
96 
97 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_1[] = {
98     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-build", "0x1bbc" },
99     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-major", "0x0006" },
100     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-minor", "0x0001" },
101     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "false" },
102 };
103 const size_t pc_compat_6_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_1);
104 
105 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_0[] = {
106     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "6" },
107     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
108     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "3" },
109     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-vendor-cpuid-only", "off" },
110     { "ICH9-LPC", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
111     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "true" },
112 };
113 const size_t pc_compat_6_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_0);
114 
115 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
116     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
117 };
118 const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
119 
120 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
121     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
122     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
123 };
124 const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
125 
126 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
127 };
128 const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
129 
130 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
131     { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
132 };
133 const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
134 
135 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
136 const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
137 
138 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
139 const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
140 
141 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
142     { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
143     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
144     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
145     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
146     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
147     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
148     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
149     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
150     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
151     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
152     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
153     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
154     { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
155     { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
156     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
157     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
158     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
159     { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
160     { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
161     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
162     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
163 };
164 const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
165 
166 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
167     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
168     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
169     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
170 };
171 const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
172 
173 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
174     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
175     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
176     { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
177     { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
178 };
179 const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
180 
181 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
182     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
183     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
184 };
185 const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
186 
187 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
188     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
189     { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
190     { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
191 };
192 const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
193 
194 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
195     { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
196 };
197 const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
198 
199 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
200     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
201     { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
202     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
203     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
204     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
205 };
206 const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
207 
208 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
209     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
210     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
211     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
212     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
213     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
214     { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
215 };
216 const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
217 
218 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
219     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
220     { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
221     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
222     { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
223 };
224 const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
225 
226 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
227 const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
228 
229 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
230     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
231     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
232     { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
233     { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
234     { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
235     { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
236     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
237     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
238     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
239     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
240     { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
241     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
242     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
243     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
244     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
245 };
246 const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
247 
248 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
249     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
250     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
251     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
252     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
253     { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
254     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
255     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
256     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
257     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
258     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
259     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
260     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
261     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
262     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
263     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
264     { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
265     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
266     { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
267     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
268     { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
269     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
270 };
271 const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
272 
273 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
274     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
275     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
276     { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
277     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
278     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
279     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
280     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
281     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
282     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
283     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
284     { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
285     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
286     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
287     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
288     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
289     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
290     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
291     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
292     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
293 };
294 const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
295 
296 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
297     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
298     { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
299     { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
300 };
301 const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
302 
303 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
304     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
305     { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
306     { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
307     { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
308     { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
309     { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
310     { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
311     { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
312     { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
313     { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
314     { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
315     { "xio3130-downstream", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
316     { "ioh3420", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
317 };
318 const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
319 
320 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_7[] = {
321     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.7.0")
322     { TYPE_USB_DEVICE, "msos-desc", "no" },
323     { "PIIX4_PM", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
324     { "hpet", HPET_INTCAP, "4" },
325 };
326 const size_t pc_compat_1_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_7);
327 
328 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_6[] = {
329     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.6.0")
330     { "e1000", "mitigation", "off" },
331     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
332     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "3" },
333     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
334     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
335 };
336 const size_t pc_compat_1_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_6);
337 
338 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_5[] = {
339     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.5.0")
340     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
341     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
342     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
343     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
344     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
345     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
346     { "virtio-net-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
347     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "pmu", "on" },
348     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
349     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
350 };
351 const size_t pc_compat_1_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_5);
352 
353 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_4[] = {
354     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.4.0")
355     { "scsi-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
356     { "scsi-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
357     { "ide-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
358     { "ide-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
359     { "virtio-blk-pci", "discard_granularity", "0" },
360     /* DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED as a uint32_t string: */
361     { "virtio-serial-pci", "vectors", "0xFFFFFFFF" },
362     { "virtio-net-pci", "ctrl_guest_offloads", "off" },
363     { "e1000", "romfile", "pxe-e1000.rom" },
364     { "ne2k_pci", "romfile", "pxe-ne2k_pci.rom" },
365     { "pcnet", "romfile", "pxe-pcnet.rom" },
366     { "rtl8139", "romfile", "pxe-rtl8139.rom" },
367     { "virtio-net-pci", "romfile", "pxe-virtio.rom" },
368     { "486-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "0" },
369     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "movbe", "off" },
370     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pclmulqdq", "off" },
371 };
372 const size_t pc_compat_1_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_4);
373 
374 GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
375 {
376     GSIState *s;
377 
378     s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
379     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
380         kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
381     }
382     *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, GSI_NUM_PINS);
383 
384     return s;
385 }
386 
387 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
388                            unsigned size)
389 {
390 }
391 
392 static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
393 {
394     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
395 }
396 
397 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
398 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
399                            unsigned size)
400 {
401     if (tcg_enabled()) {
402         cpu_set_ignne();
403     }
404 }
405 
406 static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
407 {
408     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
409 }
410 
411 /* PC cmos mappings */
412 
413 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
414 
415 static void cmos_init_hd(ISADevice *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
416                          int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
417 {
418     rtc_set_memory(s, type_ofs, 47);
419     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
420     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
421     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
422     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
423     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
424     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
425     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
426     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
427     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
428 }
429 
430 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
431 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
432 {
433     switch(boot_device) {
434     case 'a':
435     case 'b':
436         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
437     case 'c':
438         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
439     case 'd':
440         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
441     case 'n':
442         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
443     }
444     return 0;
445 }
446 
447 static void set_boot_dev(ISADevice *s, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
448 {
449 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
450     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
451     int i;
452 
453     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
454     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
455         error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
456         return;
457     }
458     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
459         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
460         if (bds[i] == 0) {
461             error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
462                        boot_device[i]);
463             return;
464         }
465     }
466     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
467     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
468 }
469 
470 static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
471 {
472     set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
473 }
474 
475 static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(ISADevice *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
476 {
477     int val, nb, i;
478     FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
479                                    FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
480 
481     /* floppy type */
482     if (floppy) {
483         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
484             fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
485         }
486     }
487     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
488         cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
489     rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
490 
491     val = rtc_get_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
492     nb = 0;
493     if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
494         nb++;
495     }
496     if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
497         nb++;
498     }
499     switch (nb) {
500     case 0:
501         break;
502     case 1:
503         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
504         break;
505     case 2:
506         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
507         break;
508     }
509     rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
510 }
511 
512 typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
513     ISADevice *rtc_state;
514     BusState *idebus[2];
515 } pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
516 
517 typedef struct check_fdc_state {
518     ISADevice *floppy;
519     bool multiple;
520 } CheckFdcState;
521 
522 static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
523 {
524     CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
525     Object *fdc;
526     uint32_t iobase;
527     Error *local_err = NULL;
528 
529     fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
530     if (!fdc) {
531         return 0;
532     }
533 
534     iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
535     if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
536         error_free(local_err);
537         return 0;
538     }
539 
540     if (state->floppy) {
541         state->multiple = true;
542     } else {
543         state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
544     }
545     return 0;
546 }
547 
548 static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
549     "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
550 };
551 
552 /*
553  * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
554  * and ACPI objects.
555  */
556 ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
557 {
558     int i;
559     Object *container;
560     CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
561 
562     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
563         container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
564         object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
565     }
566 
567     if (state.multiple) {
568         warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
569                     "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
570         error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
571                      "your intent");
572     }
573 
574     return state.floppy;
575 }
576 
577 static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
578 {
579     pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
580     ISADevice *s = arg->rtc_state;
581     int16_t cylinders;
582     int8_t heads, sectors;
583     int val;
584     int i, trans;
585 
586     val = 0;
587     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
588                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
589         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
590         val |= 0xf0;
591     }
592     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
593                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
594         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
595         val |= 0x0f;
596     }
597     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x12, val);
598 
599     val = 0;
600     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
601         /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
602            geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
603            <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
604            geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
605         if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
606             ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
607                              &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
608             trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
609             assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
610             val |= trans << (i * 2);
611         }
612     }
613     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x39, val);
614 
615     pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
616 
617     qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
618 }
619 
620 void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
621                   BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
622                   ISADevice *s)
623 {
624     int val;
625     static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
626     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
627 
628     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
629 
630     /* memory size */
631     /* base memory (first MiB) */
632     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
633     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
634     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
635     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
636     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
637         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
638     } else {
639         val = 0;
640     }
641     if (val > 65535)
642         val = 65535;
643     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
644     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
645     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
646     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
647     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
648     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
649         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
650     } else {
651         val = 0;
652     }
653     if (val > 65535)
654         val = 65535;
655     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
656     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
657     /* memory above 4GiB */
658     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
659     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, val);
660     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
661     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
662 
663     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
664                              TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
665                              (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
666                              object_property_allow_set_link,
667                              OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
668     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
669                              &error_abort);
670 
671     set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_order, &error_fatal);
672 
673     val = 0;
674     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
675     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
676     rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
677 
678     /* hard drives and FDC */
679     arg.rtc_state = s;
680     arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
681     arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
682     qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
683 }
684 
685 static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
686 {
687     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
688 
689     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
690     /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
691     x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
692 }
693 
694 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
695 
696 static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
697                                               0x280, 0x380 };
698 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
699 
700 void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
701 {
702     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
703 
704     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
705         return;
706     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
707                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
708     nb_ne2k++;
709 }
710 
711 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
712 {
713     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
714 
715     if (level) {
716         cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
717     }
718 }
719 
720 static
721 void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
722 {
723     PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
724                                         PCMachineState, machine_done);
725     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
726 
727     /* set the number of CPUs */
728     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
729 
730     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
731 
732     acpi_setup();
733     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
734         fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
735         fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
736         /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
737         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
738     }
739 
740 
741     if (x86ms->apic_id_limit > 255 && !xen_enabled() &&
742         !kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
743         error_report("current -smp configuration requires kernel "
744                      "irqchip support.");
745         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
746     }
747 }
748 
749 void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
750 {
751     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
752 
753     x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
754     pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
755     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
756 }
757 
758 /* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
759 void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(Object *owner, MemoryRegion *system_memory,
760                             MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
761 {
762     /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
763     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
764                                         pci_address_space, -1);
765 }
766 
767 void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
768 {
769     int i;
770     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
771     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
772     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
773 
774     assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
775 
776     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
777     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
778     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
779 
780     x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
781                    pcmc->pvh_enabled);
782     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
783         assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
784                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
785                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
786                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin") ||
787                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot_dma.bin"));
788         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
789     }
790     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
791 }
792 
793 #define PC_ROM_MIN_VGA     0xc0000
794 #define PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION  0xc8000
795 #define PC_ROM_MAX         0xe0000
796 #define PC_ROM_ALIGN       0x800
797 #define PC_ROM_SIZE        (PC_ROM_MAX - PC_ROM_MIN_VGA)
798 
799 void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
800                     MemoryRegion *system_memory,
801                     MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
802                     MemoryRegion **ram_memory)
803 {
804     int linux_boot, i;
805     MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
806     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
807     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
808     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
809     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
810     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
811     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
812 
813     assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
814                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
815 
816     linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
817 
818     /*
819      * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
820      * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
821      */
822     *ram_memory = machine->ram;
823     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
824     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
825                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
826     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
827     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
828     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
829         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
830         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
831                                  machine->ram,
832                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
833                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
834         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x100000000ULL,
835                                     ram_above_4g);
836         e820_add_entry(0x100000000ULL, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
837     }
838 
839     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
840         e820_add_entry(pcms->sgx_epc.base, pcms->sgx_epc.size, E820_RESERVED);
841     }
842 
843     if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
844         (machine->ram_slots ||
845          (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
846 
847         error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
848                      mc->name);
849         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
850     }
851 
852     /* always allocate the device memory information */
853     machine->device_memory = g_malloc0(sizeof(*machine->device_memory));
854 
855     /* initialize device memory address space */
856     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
857         (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
858         ram_addr_t device_mem_size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
859 
860         if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
861             error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
862                          machine->ram_slots);
863             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
864         }
865 
866         if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
867                           TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
868             error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
869                          "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
870             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
871         }
872 
873         if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
874             machine->device_memory->base = sgx_epc_above_4g_end(&pcms->sgx_epc);
875         } else {
876             machine->device_memory->base =
877                 0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
878         }
879 
880         machine->device_memory->base =
881             ROUND_UP(machine->device_memory->base, 1 * GiB);
882 
883         if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
884             /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
885             device_mem_size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
886         }
887 
888         if ((machine->device_memory->base + device_mem_size) <
889             device_mem_size) {
890             error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
891                          machine->maxram_size);
892             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
893         }
894 
895         memory_region_init(&machine->device_memory->mr, OBJECT(pcms),
896                            "device-memory", device_mem_size);
897         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, machine->device_memory->base,
898                                     &machine->device_memory->mr);
899     }
900 
901     /* Initialize PC system firmware */
902     pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
903 
904     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
905     memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
906                            &error_fatal);
907     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
908         memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
909     }
910     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
911                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
912                                         option_rom_mr,
913                                         1);
914 
915     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
916                                 x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
917 
918     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
919 
920     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && machine->device_memory->base) {
921         uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
922         PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
923         uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
924 
925         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
926             res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
927         }
928         *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
929         fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
930     }
931 
932     if (linux_boot) {
933         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
934                        pcmc->pvh_enabled);
935     }
936 
937     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
938         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
939     }
940     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
941 
942     /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
943     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
944 
945     /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
946     pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
947 }
948 
949 /*
950  * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
951  * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
952  */
953 uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
954 {
955     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
956     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
957     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
958     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
959     uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
960 
961     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && ms->device_memory->base) {
962         hole64_start = ms->device_memory->base;
963         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
964             hole64_start += memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
965         }
966     } else if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
967             hole64_start = sgx_epc_above_4g_end(&pcms->sgx_epc);
968     } else {
969         hole64_start = 0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
970     }
971 
972     return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
973 }
974 
975 DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
976 {
977     DeviceState *dev = NULL;
978 
979     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
980     if (pci_bus) {
981         PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
982         dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
983     } else if (isa_bus) {
984         ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
985         dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
986     }
987     rom_reset_order_override();
988     return dev;
989 }
990 
991 static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
992     .write = ioport80_write,
993     .read = ioport80_read,
994     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
995     .impl = {
996         .min_access_size = 1,
997         .max_access_size = 1,
998     },
999 };
1000 
1001 static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1002     .write = ioportF0_write,
1003     .read = ioportF0_read,
1004     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1005     .impl = {
1006         .min_access_size = 1,
1007         .max_access_size = 1,
1008     },
1009 };
1010 
1011 static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl, bool no_vmport)
1012 {
1013     int i;
1014     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1015     qemu_irq *a20_line;
1016     ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1017 
1018     serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1019     parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1020 
1021     for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1022         fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1023         create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1024     }
1025     if (create_fdctrl) {
1026         fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1027         if (fdc) {
1028             isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1029             isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1030         }
1031     }
1032 
1033     i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, "i8042");
1034     if (!no_vmport) {
1035         isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1036         vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1037     } else {
1038         vmmouse = NULL;
1039     }
1040     if (vmmouse) {
1041         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), "i8042", OBJECT(i8042),
1042                                  &error_abort);
1043         isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1044     }
1045     port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1046 
1047     a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1048     i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1049     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1050                                 PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1051     g_free(a20_line);
1052 }
1053 
1054 void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1055                           ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1056                           ISADevice **rtc_state,
1057                           bool create_fdctrl,
1058                           uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1059 {
1060     int i;
1061     DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1062     int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1063     qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1064     qemu_irq rtc_irq = NULL;
1065     ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1066     MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1067     MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1068 
1069     memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1070     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1071 
1072     memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1073     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1074 
1075     /*
1076      * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1077      *
1078      * Without KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2, we cannot switch off the in-kernel PIT
1079      * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
1080      */
1081     if (pcms->hpet_enabled && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() ||
1082                                kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
1083         hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1084         if (!hpet) {
1085             error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1086             exit(1);
1087         }
1088         /*
1089          * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7 and
1090          * earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and
1091          * IRQ2.
1092          */
1093         uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1094                 HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1095         if (!compat) {
1096             qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1097         }
1098         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1099         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1100 
1101         for (i = 0; i < GSI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1102             sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1103         }
1104         pit_isa_irq = -1;
1105         pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1106         rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1107     }
1108     *rtc_state = mc146818_rtc_init(isa_bus, 2000, rtc_irq);
1109 
1110     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, *rtc_state);
1111 
1112     if (!xen_enabled() && pcms->pit_enabled) {
1113         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1114             pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1115         } else {
1116             pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1117         }
1118         if (hpet) {
1119             /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1120             qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1121         }
1122         pcspk_init(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, pit);
1123     }
1124 
1125     i8257_dma_init(isa_bus, 0);
1126 
1127     /* Super I/O */
1128     pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1129 }
1130 
1131 void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1132 {
1133     int i;
1134 
1135     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1136     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1137         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1138         const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : pcmc->default_nic_model;
1139 
1140         if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1141             pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1142         } else {
1143             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1144         }
1145     }
1146     rom_reset_order_override();
1147 }
1148 
1149 void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1150 {
1151     qemu_irq *i8259;
1152 
1153     if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1154         i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1155     } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1156         i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1157     } else {
1158         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1159     }
1160 
1161     for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1162         i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1163     }
1164 
1165     g_free(i8259);
1166 }
1167 
1168 static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1169                                Error **errp)
1170 {
1171     const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1172     const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1173     const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1174     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1175     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1176     const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1177     Error *local_err = NULL;
1178 
1179     /*
1180      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1181      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1182      * addition to cover this case.
1183      */
1184     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1185         error_setg(errp,
1186                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1187         return;
1188     }
1189 
1190     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1191         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1192         return;
1193     }
1194 
1195     hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1196     if (local_err) {
1197         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1198         return;
1199     }
1200 
1201     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1202                      pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1203 }
1204 
1205 static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1206                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1207 {
1208     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1209     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1210     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1211     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1212 
1213     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1214 
1215     if (is_nvdimm) {
1216         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1217     }
1218 
1219     hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1220 }
1221 
1222 static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1223                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1224 {
1225     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1226 
1227     /*
1228      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1229      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1230      * addition to cover this case.
1231      */
1232     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1233         error_setg(errp,
1234                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1235         return;
1236     }
1237 
1238     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1239         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1240         return;
1241     }
1242 
1243     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1244                                    errp);
1245 }
1246 
1247 static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1248                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1249 {
1250     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1251     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1252     Error *local_err = NULL;
1253 
1254     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1255     if (local_err) {
1256         goto out;
1257     }
1258 
1259     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1260     qdev_unrealize(dev);
1261  out:
1262     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1263 }
1264 
1265 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1266                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1267 {
1268     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1269     Error *local_err = NULL;
1270 
1271     if (!hotplug_dev2 && dev->hotplugged) {
1272         /*
1273          * Without a bus hotplug handler, we cannot control the plug/unplug
1274          * order. We should never reach this point when hotplugging on x86,
1275          * however, better add a safety net.
1276          */
1277         error_setg(errp, "hotplug of virtio based memory devices not supported"
1278                    " on this bus.");
1279         return;
1280     }
1281     /*
1282      * First, see if we can plug this memory device at all. If that
1283      * succeeds, branch of to the actual hotplug handler.
1284      */
1285     memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
1286                            &local_err);
1287     if (!local_err && hotplug_dev2) {
1288         hotplug_handler_pre_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1289     }
1290     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1291 }
1292 
1293 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1294                                   DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1295 {
1296     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1297     Error *local_err = NULL;
1298 
1299     /*
1300      * Plug the memory device first and then branch off to the actual
1301      * hotplug handler. If that one fails, we can easily undo the memory
1302      * device bits.
1303      */
1304     memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1305     if (hotplug_dev2) {
1306         hotplug_handler_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1307         if (local_err) {
1308             memory_device_unplug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1309         }
1310     }
1311     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1312 }
1313 
1314 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1315                                             DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1316 {
1317     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1318     error_setg(errp, "virtio based memory devices cannot be unplugged.");
1319 }
1320 
1321 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1322                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1323 {
1324     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1325 }
1326 
1327 static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1328                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1329 {
1330     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1331         pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1332     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1333         x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1334     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1335                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1336         pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1337     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1338         /* Declare the APIC range as the reserved MSI region */
1339         char *resv_prop_str = g_strdup_printf("0xfee00000:0xfeefffff:%d",
1340                                               VIRTIO_IOMMU_RESV_MEM_T_MSI);
1341 
1342         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(dev), "len-reserved-regions", 1, errp);
1343         object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), "reserved-regions[0]",
1344                                 resv_prop_str, errp);
1345         g_free(resv_prop_str);
1346     }
1347 
1348     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE) ||
1349         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1350         PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1351 
1352         if (pcms->iommu) {
1353             error_setg(errp, "QEMU does not support multiple vIOMMUs "
1354                        "for x86 yet.");
1355             return;
1356         }
1357         pcms->iommu = dev;
1358     }
1359 }
1360 
1361 static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1362                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1363 {
1364     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1365         pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1366     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1367         x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1368     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1369                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1370         pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1371     }
1372 }
1373 
1374 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1375                                                 DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1376 {
1377     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1378         pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1379     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1380         x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1381     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1382                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1383         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1384     } else {
1385         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1386                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1387     }
1388 }
1389 
1390 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1391                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1392 {
1393     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1394         pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1395     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1396         x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1397     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1398                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1399         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1400     } else {
1401         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1402                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1403     }
1404 }
1405 
1406 static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1407                                              DeviceState *dev)
1408 {
1409     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1410         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1411         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1412         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI) ||
1413         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI) ||
1414         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE)) {
1415         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1416     }
1417 
1418     return NULL;
1419 }
1420 
1421 static void
1422 pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1423                                          const char *name, void *opaque,
1424                                          Error **errp)
1425 {
1426     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(obj);
1427     int64_t value = 0;
1428 
1429     if (ms->device_memory) {
1430         value = memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1431     }
1432 
1433     visit_type_int(v, name, &value, errp);
1434 }
1435 
1436 static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1437                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1438 {
1439     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1440     OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1441 
1442     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1443 }
1444 
1445 static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1446                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1447 {
1448     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1449 
1450     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1451 }
1452 
1453 static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1454 {
1455     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1456 
1457     return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1458 }
1459 
1460 static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1461 {
1462     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1463 
1464     pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1465 }
1466 
1467 static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1468 {
1469     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1470 
1471     return pcms->sata_enabled;
1472 }
1473 
1474 static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1475 {
1476     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1477 
1478     pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1479 }
1480 
1481 static bool pc_machine_get_pit(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1482 {
1483     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1484 
1485     return pcms->pit_enabled;
1486 }
1487 
1488 static void pc_machine_set_pit(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1489 {
1490     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1491 
1492     pcms->pit_enabled = value;
1493 }
1494 
1495 static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1496 {
1497     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1498 
1499     return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1500 }
1501 
1502 static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1503 {
1504     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1505 
1506     pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1507 }
1508 
1509 static bool pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1510 {
1511     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1512 
1513     return pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1514 }
1515 
1516 static void pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
1517                                                     Error **errp)
1518 {
1519     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1520 
1521     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
1522 }
1523 
1524 static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1525                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1526                                             Error **errp)
1527 {
1528     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1529     uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1530 
1531     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1532 }
1533 
1534 static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1535                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1536                                             Error **errp)
1537 {
1538     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1539     uint64_t value;
1540 
1541     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1542         return;
1543     }
1544     if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1545         error_setg(errp,
1546                    "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1547                    "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1548         return;
1549     }
1550 
1551     if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1552         warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1553                     "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1554     }
1555 
1556     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1557 }
1558 
1559 static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1560                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1561                                        Error **errp)
1562 {
1563     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1564     uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1565 
1566     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1567 }
1568 
1569 static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1570                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1571                                        Error **errp)
1572 {
1573     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1574     Error *error = NULL;
1575     uint64_t value;
1576 
1577     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, &error);
1578     if (error) {
1579         error_propagate(errp, error);
1580         return;
1581     }
1582 
1583     /*
1584     * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1585     * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1586     * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1587     * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
1588     * size.
1589     */
1590     if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1591         error_setg(errp,
1592                    "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1593                    "greater than 16MiB. If combined firwmare size exceeds "
1594                    "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1595                    "stability issues.",
1596                    value);
1597         return;
1598     }
1599 
1600     pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1601 }
1602 
1603 
1604 static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1605 {
1606     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1607 
1608 #ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1609     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1610 #else
1611     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1612 #endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1613     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1614     /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1615     pcms->acpi_build_enabled = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms)->has_acpi_build;
1616     pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1617     pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1618     pcms->pit_enabled = true;
1619     pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1620 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1621     pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1622 #endif
1623     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
1624 
1625     pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1626     pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1627     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1628                               OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1629 }
1630 
1631 static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine)
1632 {
1633     CPUState *cs;
1634     X86CPU *cpu;
1635 
1636     qemu_devices_reset();
1637 
1638     /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1639      * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1640      */
1641     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1642         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1643 
1644         if (cpu->apic_state) {
1645             device_legacy_reset(cpu->apic_state);
1646         }
1647     }
1648 }
1649 
1650 static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1651 {
1652     cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1653     pc_machine_reset(machine);
1654     cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1655 }
1656 
1657 static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1658 {
1659     X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1660     IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1661 
1662     if (iommu &&
1663         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1664         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1665         intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1666         if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1667             error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1668                        "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1669             return false;
1670         }
1671     }
1672 
1673     return true;
1674 }
1675 
1676 static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1677 {
1678     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1679     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1680     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1681 
1682     pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1683     pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1684     pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1685     pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1686     pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1687     pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1688     pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1689     pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1690     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1691     /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1692      * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1693     pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1694     pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1695     pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1696     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1697     mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1698     mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1699     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1700     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1701     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1702     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1703     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1704     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1705     mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1706     mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1707     mc->max_cpus = 255;
1708     mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1709     mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1710     hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1711     hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1712     hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1713     hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1714     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1715     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1716     mc->smp_props.dies_supported = true;
1717     mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1718 
1719     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1720         pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1721         NULL, NULL);
1722     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1723         "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1724 
1725     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_DEVMEM_REGION_SIZE, "int",
1726         pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size, NULL,
1727         NULL, NULL);
1728 
1729     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1730         pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1731         NULL, NULL);
1732     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1733         "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1734 
1735     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1736         pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1737 
1738     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1739         pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1740 
1741     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_PIT,
1742         pc_machine_get_pit, pc_machine_set_pit);
1743 
1744     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1745         pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1746 
1747     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
1748         pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
1749         pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
1750 
1751     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
1752         pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
1753         NULL, NULL);
1754     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
1755         "Maximum combined firmware size");
1756 }
1757 
1758 static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
1759     .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
1760     .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1761     .abstract = true,
1762     .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
1763     .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
1764     .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
1765     .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
1766     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1767          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
1768          { }
1769     },
1770 };
1771 
1772 static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
1773 {
1774     type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
1775 }
1776 
1777 type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
1778