xref: /qemu/hw/i386/pc.c (revision d7a84021)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/units.h"
27 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
28 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
29 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
30 #include "hw/char/parallel.h"
31 #include "hw/i386/apic.h"
32 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
33 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
34 #include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
35 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
36 #include "hw/block/fdc.h"
37 #include "hw/ide.h"
38 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
39 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
40 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
41 #include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
42 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
43 #include "hw/loader.h"
44 #include "elf.h"
45 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
46 #include "multiboot.h"
47 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
48 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
49 #include "hw/dma/i8257.h"
50 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
51 #include "hw/input/i8042.h"
52 #include "hw/irq.h"
53 #include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
54 #include "hw/pci/msi.h"
55 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
56 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
57 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
58 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
59 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
60 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
61 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
62 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
63 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
64 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
65 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
66 #include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
67 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
68 #include "exec/memory.h"
69 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
70 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
71 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
72 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
73 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
74 #include "qemu/option.h"
75 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
76 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
77 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
78 #include "hw/boards.h"
79 #include "acpi-build.h"
80 #include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
81 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
82 #include "qapi/error.h"
83 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
84 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
85 #include "hw/core/cpu.h"
86 #include "hw/usb.h"
87 #include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
88 #include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
89 #include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
90 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-pmem-pci.h"
91 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-mem-pci.h"
92 #include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
93 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
94 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
95 #include "e820_memory_layout.h"
96 #include "fw_cfg.h"
97 #include "trace.h"
98 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
99 
100 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
101     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
102 };
103 const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
104 
105 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
106     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
107     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
108 };
109 const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
110 
111 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
112 };
113 const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
114 
115 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
116     { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
117 };
118 const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
119 
120 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
121 const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
122 
123 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
124 const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
125 
126 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
127     { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
128     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
129     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
130     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
131     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
132     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
133     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
134     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
135     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
136     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
137     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
138     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
139     { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
140     { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
141     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
142     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
143     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
144     { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
145     { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
146     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
147     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
148 };
149 const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
150 
151 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
152     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
153     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
154     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
155 };
156 const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
157 
158 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
159     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
160     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
161     { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
162     { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
163 };
164 const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
165 
166 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
167     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
168     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
169 };
170 const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
171 
172 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
173     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
174     { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
175     { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
176 };
177 const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
178 
179 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
180     { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
181 };
182 const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
183 
184 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
185     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
186     { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
187     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
188     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
189     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
190 };
191 const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
192 
193 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
194     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
195     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
196     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
197     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
198     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
199     { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
200 };
201 const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
202 
203 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
204     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
205     { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
206     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
207     { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
208 };
209 const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
210 
211 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
212 const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
213 
214 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
215     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
216     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
217     { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
218     { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
219     { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
220     { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
221     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
222     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
223     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
224     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
225     { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
226     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
227     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
228     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
229     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
230 };
231 const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
232 
233 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
234     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
235     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
236     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
237     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
238     { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
239     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
240     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
241     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
242     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
243     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
244     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
245     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
246     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
247     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
248     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
249     { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
250     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
251     { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
252     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
253     { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
254     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
255 };
256 const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
257 
258 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
259     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
260     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
261     { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
262     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
263     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
264     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
265     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
266     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
267     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
268     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
269     { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
270     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
271     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
272     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
273     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
274     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
275     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
276     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
277     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
278 };
279 const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
280 
281 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
282     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
283     { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
284     { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
285 };
286 const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
287 
288 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
289     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
290     { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
291     { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
292     { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
293     { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
294     { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
295     { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
296     { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
297     { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
298     { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
299     { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
300     { "xio3130-downstream", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
301     { "ioh3420", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
302 };
303 const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
304 
305 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_7[] = {
306     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.7.0")
307     { TYPE_USB_DEVICE, "msos-desc", "no" },
308     { "PIIX4_PM", "acpi-pci-hotplug-with-bridge-support", "off" },
309     { "hpet", HPET_INTCAP, "4" },
310 };
311 const size_t pc_compat_1_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_7);
312 
313 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_6[] = {
314     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.6.0")
315     { "e1000", "mitigation", "off" },
316     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
317     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "3" },
318     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
319     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
320 };
321 const size_t pc_compat_1_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_6);
322 
323 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_5[] = {
324     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.5.0")
325     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
326     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
327     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
328     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
329     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
330     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
331     { "virtio-net-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
332     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "pmu", "on" },
333     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
334     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
335 };
336 const size_t pc_compat_1_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_5);
337 
338 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_4[] = {
339     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.4.0")
340     { "scsi-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
341     { "scsi-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
342     { "scsi-disk", "discard_granularity", "0" },
343     { "ide-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
344     { "ide-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
345     { "ide-drive", "discard_granularity", "0" },
346     { "virtio-blk-pci", "discard_granularity", "0" },
347     /* DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED as a uint32_t string: */
348     { "virtio-serial-pci", "vectors", "0xFFFFFFFF" },
349     { "virtio-net-pci", "ctrl_guest_offloads", "off" },
350     { "e1000", "romfile", "pxe-e1000.rom" },
351     { "ne2k_pci", "romfile", "pxe-ne2k_pci.rom" },
352     { "pcnet", "romfile", "pxe-pcnet.rom" },
353     { "rtl8139", "romfile", "pxe-rtl8139.rom" },
354     { "virtio-net-pci", "romfile", "pxe-virtio.rom" },
355     { "486-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "0" },
356     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "movbe", "off" },
357     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pclmulqdq", "off" },
358 };
359 const size_t pc_compat_1_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_4);
360 
361 GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
362 {
363     GSIState *s;
364 
365     s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
366     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
367         kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
368     }
369     *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, GSI_NUM_PINS);
370 
371     return s;
372 }
373 
374 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
375                            unsigned size)
376 {
377 }
378 
379 static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
380 {
381     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
382 }
383 
384 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
385 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
386                            unsigned size)
387 {
388     if (tcg_enabled()) {
389         cpu_set_ignne();
390     }
391 }
392 
393 static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
394 {
395     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
396 }
397 
398 /* PC cmos mappings */
399 
400 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
401 
402 static void cmos_init_hd(ISADevice *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
403                          int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
404 {
405     rtc_set_memory(s, type_ofs, 47);
406     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
407     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
408     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
409     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
410     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
411     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
412     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
413     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
414     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
415 }
416 
417 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
418 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
419 {
420     switch(boot_device) {
421     case 'a':
422     case 'b':
423         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
424     case 'c':
425         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
426     case 'd':
427         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
428     case 'n':
429         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
430     }
431     return 0;
432 }
433 
434 static void set_boot_dev(ISADevice *s, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
435 {
436 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
437     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
438     int i;
439 
440     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
441     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
442         error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
443         return;
444     }
445     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
446         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
447         if (bds[i] == 0) {
448             error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
449                        boot_device[i]);
450             return;
451         }
452     }
453     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
454     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
455 }
456 
457 static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
458 {
459     set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
460 }
461 
462 static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(ISADevice *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
463 {
464     int val, nb, i;
465     FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
466                                    FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
467 
468     /* floppy type */
469     if (floppy) {
470         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
471             fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
472         }
473     }
474     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
475         cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
476     rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
477 
478     val = rtc_get_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
479     nb = 0;
480     if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
481         nb++;
482     }
483     if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
484         nb++;
485     }
486     switch (nb) {
487     case 0:
488         break;
489     case 1:
490         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
491         break;
492     case 2:
493         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
494         break;
495     }
496     rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
497 }
498 
499 typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
500     ISADevice *rtc_state;
501     BusState *idebus[2];
502 } pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
503 
504 typedef struct check_fdc_state {
505     ISADevice *floppy;
506     bool multiple;
507 } CheckFdcState;
508 
509 static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
510 {
511     CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
512     Object *fdc;
513     uint32_t iobase;
514     Error *local_err = NULL;
515 
516     fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
517     if (!fdc) {
518         return 0;
519     }
520 
521     iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
522     if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
523         error_free(local_err);
524         return 0;
525     }
526 
527     if (state->floppy) {
528         state->multiple = true;
529     } else {
530         state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
531     }
532     return 0;
533 }
534 
535 static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
536     "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
537 };
538 
539 /*
540  * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
541  * and ACPI objects.
542  */
543 ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
544 {
545     int i;
546     Object *container;
547     CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
548 
549     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
550         container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
551         object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
552     }
553 
554     if (state.multiple) {
555         warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
556                     "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
557         error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
558                      "your intent");
559     }
560 
561     return state.floppy;
562 }
563 
564 static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
565 {
566     pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
567     ISADevice *s = arg->rtc_state;
568     int16_t cylinders;
569     int8_t heads, sectors;
570     int val;
571     int i, trans;
572 
573     val = 0;
574     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
575                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
576         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
577         val |= 0xf0;
578     }
579     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
580                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
581         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
582         val |= 0x0f;
583     }
584     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x12, val);
585 
586     val = 0;
587     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
588         /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
589            geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
590            <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
591            geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
592         if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
593             ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
594                              &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
595             trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
596             assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
597             val |= trans << (i * 2);
598         }
599     }
600     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x39, val);
601 
602     pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
603 
604     qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
605 }
606 
607 void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
608                   BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
609                   ISADevice *s)
610 {
611     int val;
612     static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
613     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
614 
615     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
616 
617     /* memory size */
618     /* base memory (first MiB) */
619     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
620     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
621     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
622     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
623     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
624         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
625     } else {
626         val = 0;
627     }
628     if (val > 65535)
629         val = 65535;
630     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
631     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
632     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
633     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
634     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
635     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
636         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
637     } else {
638         val = 0;
639     }
640     if (val > 65535)
641         val = 65535;
642     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
643     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
644     /* memory above 4GiB */
645     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
646     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, val);
647     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
648     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
649 
650     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
651                              TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
652                              (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
653                              object_property_allow_set_link,
654                              OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
655     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
656                              &error_abort);
657 
658     set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_order, &error_fatal);
659 
660     val = 0;
661     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
662     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
663     rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
664 
665     /* hard drives and FDC */
666     arg.rtc_state = s;
667     arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
668     arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
669     qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
670 }
671 
672 static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
673 {
674     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
675 
676     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
677     /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
678     x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
679 }
680 
681 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
682 
683 static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
684                                               0x280, 0x380 };
685 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
686 
687 void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
688 {
689     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
690 
691     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
692         return;
693     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
694                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
695     nb_ne2k++;
696 }
697 
698 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
699 {
700     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
701 
702     if (level) {
703         cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
704     }
705 }
706 
707 /*
708  * This function is very similar to smp_parse()
709  * in hw/core/machine.c but includes CPU die support.
710  */
711 void pc_smp_parse(MachineState *ms, QemuOpts *opts)
712 {
713     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(ms);
714 
715     if (opts) {
716         unsigned cpus    = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cpus", 0);
717         unsigned sockets = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "sockets", 0);
718         unsigned dies = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "dies", 1);
719         unsigned cores   = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cores", 0);
720         unsigned threads = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "threads", 0);
721 
722         /* compute missing values, prefer sockets over cores over threads */
723         if (cpus == 0 || sockets == 0) {
724             cores = cores > 0 ? cores : 1;
725             threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
726             if (cpus == 0) {
727                 sockets = sockets > 0 ? sockets : 1;
728                 cpus = cores * threads * dies * sockets;
729             } else {
730                 ms->smp.max_cpus =
731                         qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "maxcpus", cpus);
732                 sockets = ms->smp.max_cpus / (cores * threads * dies);
733             }
734         } else if (cores == 0) {
735             threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
736             cores = cpus / (sockets * dies * threads);
737             cores = cores > 0 ? cores : 1;
738         } else if (threads == 0) {
739             threads = cpus / (cores * dies * sockets);
740             threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
741         } else if (sockets * dies * cores * threads < cpus) {
742             error_report("cpu topology: "
743                          "sockets (%u) * dies (%u) * cores (%u) * threads (%u) < "
744                          "smp_cpus (%u)",
745                          sockets, dies, cores, threads, cpus);
746             exit(1);
747         }
748 
749         ms->smp.max_cpus =
750                 qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "maxcpus", cpus);
751 
752         if (ms->smp.max_cpus < cpus) {
753             error_report("maxcpus must be equal to or greater than smp");
754             exit(1);
755         }
756 
757         if (sockets * dies * cores * threads != ms->smp.max_cpus) {
758             error_report("Invalid CPU topology deprecated: "
759                          "sockets (%u) * dies (%u) * cores (%u) * threads (%u) "
760                          "!= maxcpus (%u)",
761                          sockets, dies, cores, threads,
762                          ms->smp.max_cpus);
763             exit(1);
764         }
765 
766         ms->smp.cpus = cpus;
767         ms->smp.cores = cores;
768         ms->smp.threads = threads;
769         ms->smp.sockets = sockets;
770         x86ms->smp_dies = dies;
771     }
772 
773     if (ms->smp.cpus > 1) {
774         Error *blocker = NULL;
775         error_setg(&blocker, QERR_REPLAY_NOT_SUPPORTED, "smp");
776         replay_add_blocker(blocker);
777     }
778 }
779 
780 static
781 void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
782 {
783     PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
784                                         PCMachineState, machine_done);
785     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
786 
787     /* set the number of CPUs */
788     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
789 
790     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
791 
792     acpi_setup();
793     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
794         fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
795         fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
796         /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
797         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
798     }
799 
800 
801     if (x86ms->apic_id_limit > 255 && !xen_enabled() &&
802         !kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
803         error_report("current -smp configuration requires kernel "
804                      "irqchip support.");
805         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
806     }
807 }
808 
809 void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
810 {
811     int i;
812     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
813     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
814 
815     x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
816     pcms->numa_nodes = ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
817     pcms->node_mem = g_malloc0(pcms->numa_nodes *
818                                     sizeof *pcms->node_mem);
819     for (i = 0; i < ms->numa_state->num_nodes; i++) {
820         pcms->node_mem[i] = ms->numa_state->nodes[i].node_mem;
821     }
822 
823     pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
824     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
825 }
826 
827 /* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
828 void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(Object *owner, MemoryRegion *system_memory,
829                             MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
830 {
831     /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
832     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
833                                         pci_address_space, -1);
834 }
835 
836 void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
837 {
838     int i;
839     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
840     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
841     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
842 
843     assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
844 
845     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
846     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
847     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
848 
849     x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
850                    pcmc->pvh_enabled, pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled);
851     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
852         assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
853                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
854                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
855                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin"));
856         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
857     }
858     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
859 }
860 
861 void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
862                     MemoryRegion *system_memory,
863                     MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
864                     MemoryRegion **ram_memory)
865 {
866     int linux_boot, i;
867     MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
868     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
869     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
870     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
871     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
872     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
873     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
874 
875     assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
876                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
877 
878     linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
879 
880     /*
881      * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
882      * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
883      */
884     *ram_memory = machine->ram;
885     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
886     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
887                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
888     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
889     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
890     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
891         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
892         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
893                                  machine->ram,
894                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
895                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
896         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x100000000ULL,
897                                     ram_above_4g);
898         e820_add_entry(0x100000000ULL, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
899     }
900 
901     if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
902         (machine->ram_slots ||
903          (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
904 
905         error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
906                      mc->name);
907         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
908     }
909 
910     /* always allocate the device memory information */
911     machine->device_memory = g_malloc0(sizeof(*machine->device_memory));
912 
913     /* initialize device memory address space */
914     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
915         (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
916         ram_addr_t device_mem_size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
917 
918         if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
919             error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
920                          machine->ram_slots);
921             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
922         }
923 
924         if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
925                           TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
926             error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
927                          "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
928             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
929         }
930 
931         machine->device_memory->base =
932             ROUND_UP(0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, 1 * GiB);
933 
934         if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
935             /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
936             device_mem_size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
937         }
938 
939         if ((machine->device_memory->base + device_mem_size) <
940             device_mem_size) {
941             error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
942                          machine->maxram_size);
943             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
944         }
945 
946         memory_region_init(&machine->device_memory->mr, OBJECT(pcms),
947                            "device-memory", device_mem_size);
948         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, machine->device_memory->base,
949                                     &machine->device_memory->mr);
950     }
951 
952     /* Initialize PC system firmware */
953     pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
954 
955     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
956     memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
957                            &error_fatal);
958     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
959         memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
960     }
961     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
962                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
963                                         option_rom_mr,
964                                         1);
965 
966     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
967                                 x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
968 
969     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
970 
971     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && machine->device_memory->base) {
972         uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
973         PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
974         uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
975 
976         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
977             res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
978         }
979         *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
980         fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
981     }
982 
983     if (linux_boot) {
984         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
985                        pcmc->pvh_enabled, pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled);
986     }
987 
988     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
989         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
990     }
991     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
992 
993     /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
994     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
995 
996     /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
997     pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
1002  * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
1003  */
1004 uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
1005 {
1006     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
1007     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1008     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
1009     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
1010     uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
1011 
1012     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && ms->device_memory->base) {
1013         hole64_start = ms->device_memory->base;
1014         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1015             hole64_start += memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1016         }
1017     } else {
1018         hole64_start = 0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
1019     }
1020 
1021     return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
1022 }
1023 
1024 DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1025 {
1026     DeviceState *dev = NULL;
1027 
1028     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
1029     if (pci_bus) {
1030         PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
1031         dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
1032     } else if (isa_bus) {
1033         ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
1034         dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
1035     }
1036     rom_reset_order_override();
1037     return dev;
1038 }
1039 
1040 static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
1041     .write = ioport80_write,
1042     .read = ioport80_read,
1043     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1044     .impl = {
1045         .min_access_size = 1,
1046         .max_access_size = 1,
1047     },
1048 };
1049 
1050 static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1051     .write = ioportF0_write,
1052     .read = ioportF0_read,
1053     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1054     .impl = {
1055         .min_access_size = 1,
1056         .max_access_size = 1,
1057     },
1058 };
1059 
1060 static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl, bool no_vmport)
1061 {
1062     int i;
1063     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1064     qemu_irq *a20_line;
1065     ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1066 
1067     serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1068     parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1069 
1070     for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1071         fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1072         create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1073     }
1074     if (create_fdctrl) {
1075         fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1076         if (fdc) {
1077             isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1078             isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1079         }
1080     }
1081 
1082     i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, "i8042");
1083     if (!no_vmport) {
1084         isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1085         vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1086     } else {
1087         vmmouse = NULL;
1088     }
1089     if (vmmouse) {
1090         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), "i8042", OBJECT(i8042),
1091                                  &error_abort);
1092         isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1093     }
1094     port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1095 
1096     a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1097     i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1098     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1099                                 PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1100     g_free(a20_line);
1101 }
1102 
1103 void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1104                           ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1105                           ISADevice **rtc_state,
1106                           bool create_fdctrl,
1107                           uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1108 {
1109     int i;
1110     DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1111     int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1112     qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1113     qemu_irq rtc_irq = NULL;
1114     ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1115     MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1116     MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1117 
1118     memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1119     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1120 
1121     memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1122     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1123 
1124     /*
1125      * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1126      *
1127      * Without KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2, we cannot switch off the in-kernel PIT
1128      * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
1129      */
1130     if (pcms->hpet_enabled && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() ||
1131                                kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
1132         hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1133         if (!hpet) {
1134             error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1135             exit(1);
1136         }
1137         /*
1138          * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7 and
1139          * earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and
1140          * IRQ2.
1141          */
1142         uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1143                 HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1144         if (!compat) {
1145             qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1146         }
1147         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1148         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1149 
1150         for (i = 0; i < GSI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1151             sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1152         }
1153         pit_isa_irq = -1;
1154         pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1155         rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1156     }
1157     *rtc_state = mc146818_rtc_init(isa_bus, 2000, rtc_irq);
1158 
1159     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, *rtc_state);
1160 
1161     if (!xen_enabled() && pcms->pit_enabled) {
1162         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1163             pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1164         } else {
1165             pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1166         }
1167         if (hpet) {
1168             /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1169             qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1170         }
1171         pcspk_init(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, pit);
1172     }
1173 
1174     i8257_dma_init(isa_bus, 0);
1175 
1176     /* Super I/O */
1177     pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1178 }
1179 
1180 void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1181 {
1182     int i;
1183 
1184     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1185     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1186         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1187         const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : pcmc->default_nic_model;
1188 
1189         if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1190             pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1191         } else {
1192             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1193         }
1194     }
1195     rom_reset_order_override();
1196 }
1197 
1198 void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1199 {
1200     qemu_irq *i8259;
1201 
1202     if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1203         i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1204     } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1205         i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1206     } else {
1207         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1208     }
1209 
1210     for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1211         i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1212     }
1213 
1214     g_free(i8259);
1215 }
1216 
1217 static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1218                                Error **errp)
1219 {
1220     const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1221     const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1222     const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1223     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1224     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1225     const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1226     Error *local_err = NULL;
1227 
1228     /*
1229      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1230      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1231      * addition to cover this case.
1232      */
1233     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1234         error_setg(errp,
1235                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1236         return;
1237     }
1238 
1239     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1240         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1241         return;
1242     }
1243 
1244     hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1245     if (local_err) {
1246         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1247         return;
1248     }
1249 
1250     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1251                      pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1252 }
1253 
1254 static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1255                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1256 {
1257     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1258     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1259     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1260     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1261 
1262     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1263 
1264     if (is_nvdimm) {
1265         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1266     }
1267 
1268     hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1269 }
1270 
1271 static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1272                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1273 {
1274     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1275 
1276     /*
1277      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1278      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1279      * addition to cover this case.
1280      */
1281     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1282         error_setg(errp,
1283                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1284         return;
1285     }
1286 
1287     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1288         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1289         return;
1290     }
1291 
1292     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1293                                    errp);
1294 }
1295 
1296 static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1297                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1298 {
1299     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1300     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1301     Error *local_err = NULL;
1302 
1303     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1304     if (local_err) {
1305         goto out;
1306     }
1307 
1308     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1309     qdev_unrealize(dev);
1310  out:
1311     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1312 }
1313 
1314 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1315                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1316 {
1317     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1318     Error *local_err = NULL;
1319 
1320     if (!hotplug_dev2 && dev->hotplugged) {
1321         /*
1322          * Without a bus hotplug handler, we cannot control the plug/unplug
1323          * order. We should never reach this point when hotplugging on x86,
1324          * however, better add a safety net.
1325          */
1326         error_setg(errp, "hotplug of virtio based memory devices not supported"
1327                    " on this bus.");
1328         return;
1329     }
1330     /*
1331      * First, see if we can plug this memory device at all. If that
1332      * succeeds, branch of to the actual hotplug handler.
1333      */
1334     memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
1335                            &local_err);
1336     if (!local_err && hotplug_dev2) {
1337         hotplug_handler_pre_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1338     }
1339     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1340 }
1341 
1342 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1343                                   DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1344 {
1345     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1346     Error *local_err = NULL;
1347 
1348     /*
1349      * Plug the memory device first and then branch off to the actual
1350      * hotplug handler. If that one fails, we can easily undo the memory
1351      * device bits.
1352      */
1353     memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1354     if (hotplug_dev2) {
1355         hotplug_handler_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1356         if (local_err) {
1357             memory_device_unplug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1358         }
1359     }
1360     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1361 }
1362 
1363 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1364                                             DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1365 {
1366     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1367     error_setg(errp, "virtio based memory devices cannot be unplugged.");
1368 }
1369 
1370 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1371                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1372 {
1373     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1374 }
1375 
1376 static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1377                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1378 {
1379     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1380         pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1381     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1382         x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1383     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1384                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1385         pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1386     }
1387 }
1388 
1389 static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1390                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1391 {
1392     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1393         pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1394     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1395         x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1396     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1397                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1398         pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1399     }
1400 }
1401 
1402 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1403                                                 DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1404 {
1405     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1406         pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1407     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1408         x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1409     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1410                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1411         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1412     } else {
1413         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1414                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1415     }
1416 }
1417 
1418 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1419                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1420 {
1421     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1422         pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1423     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1424         x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1425     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1426                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1427         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1428     } else {
1429         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1430                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1431     }
1432 }
1433 
1434 static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1435                                              DeviceState *dev)
1436 {
1437     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1438         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1439         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1440         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1441         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1442     }
1443 
1444     return NULL;
1445 }
1446 
1447 static void
1448 pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1449                                          const char *name, void *opaque,
1450                                          Error **errp)
1451 {
1452     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(obj);
1453     int64_t value = 0;
1454 
1455     if (ms->device_memory) {
1456         value = memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1457     }
1458 
1459     visit_type_int(v, name, &value, errp);
1460 }
1461 
1462 static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1463                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1464 {
1465     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1466     OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1467 
1468     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1469 }
1470 
1471 static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1472                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1473 {
1474     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1475 
1476     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1477 }
1478 
1479 static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1480 {
1481     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1482 
1483     return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1484 }
1485 
1486 static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1487 {
1488     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1489 
1490     pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1491 }
1492 
1493 static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1494 {
1495     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1496 
1497     return pcms->sata_enabled;
1498 }
1499 
1500 static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1501 {
1502     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1503 
1504     pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1505 }
1506 
1507 static bool pc_machine_get_pit(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1508 {
1509     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1510 
1511     return pcms->pit_enabled;
1512 }
1513 
1514 static void pc_machine_set_pit(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1515 {
1516     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1517 
1518     pcms->pit_enabled = value;
1519 }
1520 
1521 static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1522 {
1523     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1524 
1525     return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1526 }
1527 
1528 static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1529 {
1530     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1531 
1532     pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1533 }
1534 
1535 static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1536                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1537                                             Error **errp)
1538 {
1539     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1540     uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1541 
1542     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1543 }
1544 
1545 static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1546                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1547                                             Error **errp)
1548 {
1549     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1550     uint64_t value;
1551 
1552     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1553         return;
1554     }
1555     if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1556         error_setg(errp,
1557                    "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1558                    "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1559         return;
1560     }
1561 
1562     if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1563         warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1564                     "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1565     }
1566 
1567     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1568 }
1569 
1570 static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1571                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1572                                        Error **errp)
1573 {
1574     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1575     uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1576 
1577     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1578 }
1579 
1580 static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1581                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1582                                        Error **errp)
1583 {
1584     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1585     Error *error = NULL;
1586     uint64_t value;
1587 
1588     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, &error);
1589     if (error) {
1590         error_propagate(errp, error);
1591         return;
1592     }
1593 
1594     /*
1595     * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1596     * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1597     * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1598     * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
1599     * size.
1600     */
1601     if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1602         error_setg(errp,
1603                    "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1604                    "greater than 16MiB. If combined firwmare size exceeds "
1605                    "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1606                    "stability issues.",
1607                    value);
1608         return;
1609     }
1610 
1611     pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1612 }
1613 
1614 static char *pc_machine_get_oem_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1615 {
1616     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1617 
1618     return g_strdup(pcms->oem_id);
1619 }
1620 
1621 static void pc_machine_set_oem_id(Object *obj, const char *value, Error **errp)
1622 {
1623     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1624     size_t len = strlen(value);
1625 
1626     if (len > 6) {
1627         error_setg(errp,
1628           "User specified "PC_MACHINE_OEM_ID" value is bigger than "
1629           "6 bytes in size");
1630         return;
1631     }
1632 
1633     strncpy(pcms->oem_id, value, 6);
1634 }
1635 
1636 static char *pc_machine_get_oem_table_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1637 {
1638     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1639 
1640     return g_strdup(pcms->oem_table_id);
1641 }
1642 
1643 static void pc_machine_set_oem_table_id(Object *obj, const char *value,
1644                                         Error **errp)
1645 {
1646     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1647     size_t len = strlen(value);
1648 
1649     if (len > 8) {
1650         error_setg(errp,
1651           "User specified "PC_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID" value is bigger than "
1652           "8 bytes in size");
1653         return;
1654     }
1655     strncpy(pcms->oem_table_id, value, 8);
1656 }
1657 
1658 static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1659 {
1660     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1661 
1662 #ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1663     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1664 #else
1665     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1666 #endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1667     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1668     /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1669     pcms->acpi_build_enabled = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms)->has_acpi_build;
1670     pcms->oem_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME6, 6);
1671     pcms->oem_table_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME8, 8);
1672     pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1673     pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1674     pcms->pit_enabled = true;
1675     pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1676 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1677     pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1678 #endif
1679 
1680     pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1681     pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1682     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1683                               OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1684 }
1685 
1686 static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine)
1687 {
1688     CPUState *cs;
1689     X86CPU *cpu;
1690 
1691     qemu_devices_reset();
1692 
1693     /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1694      * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1695      */
1696     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1697         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1698 
1699         if (cpu->apic_state) {
1700             device_legacy_reset(cpu->apic_state);
1701         }
1702     }
1703 }
1704 
1705 static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1706 {
1707     cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1708     pc_machine_reset(machine);
1709     cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1710 }
1711 
1712 static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1713 {
1714     X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1715     IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1716 
1717     if (iommu &&
1718         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1719         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1720         intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1721         if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1722             error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1723                        "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1724             return false;
1725         }
1726     }
1727 
1728     return true;
1729 }
1730 
1731 static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1732 {
1733     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1734     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1735     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1736 
1737     pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1738     pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1739     pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1740     pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1741     pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1742     pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1743     pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1744     pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1745     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1746     /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1747      * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1748     pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1749     pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled = true;
1750     pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1751     pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1752     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1753     mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1754     mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1755     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1756     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1757     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1758     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1759     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1760     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1761     mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1762     mc->smp_parse = pc_smp_parse;
1763     mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1764     mc->max_cpus = 255;
1765     mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1766     mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1767     hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1768     hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1769     hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1770     hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1771     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1772     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1773     mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1774 
1775     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1776         pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1777         NULL, NULL);
1778     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1779         "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1780 
1781     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_DEVMEM_REGION_SIZE, "int",
1782         pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size, NULL,
1783         NULL, NULL);
1784 
1785     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1786         pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1787         NULL, NULL);
1788     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1789         "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1790 
1791     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1792         pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1793 
1794     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1795         pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1796 
1797     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_PIT,
1798         pc_machine_get_pit, pc_machine_set_pit);
1799 
1800     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1801         pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1802 
1803     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
1804         pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
1805         NULL, NULL);
1806     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
1807         "Maximum combined firmware size");
1808 
1809     object_class_property_add_str(oc, PC_MACHINE_OEM_ID,
1810                                   pc_machine_get_oem_id,
1811                                   pc_machine_set_oem_id);
1812     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_OEM_ID,
1813                                           "Override the default value of field OEMID "
1814                                           "in ACPI table header."
1815                                           "The string may be up to 6 bytes in size");
1816 
1817 
1818     object_class_property_add_str(oc, PC_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID,
1819                                   pc_machine_get_oem_table_id,
1820                                   pc_machine_set_oem_table_id);
1821     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID,
1822                                           "Override the default value of field OEM Table ID "
1823                                           "in ACPI table header."
1824                                           "The string may be up to 8 bytes in size");
1825 
1826 }
1827 
1828 static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
1829     .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
1830     .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1831     .abstract = true,
1832     .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
1833     .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
1834     .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
1835     .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
1836     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1837          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
1838          { }
1839     },
1840 };
1841 
1842 static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
1843 {
1844     type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
1845 }
1846 
1847 type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
1848