xref: /qemu/hw/i386/x86.c (revision a0e93dd8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
3  * Copyright (c) 2019 Red Hat, Inc.
4  *
5  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
6  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
7  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
8  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
9  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11  *
12  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
13  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14  *
15  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
18  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
19  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
21  * THE SOFTWARE.
22  */
23 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
24 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
25 #include "qemu/option.h"
26 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
27 #include "qemu/units.h"
28 #include "qemu/datadir.h"
29 #include "qapi/error.h"
30 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
31 #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
32 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
33 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
34 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
35 #include "sysemu/whpx.h"
36 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
37 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
38 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
39 #include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
40 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
41 #include "trace.h"
42 
43 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
44 #include "target/i386/cpu.h"
45 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
46 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
47 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
48 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
49 #include "target/i386/sev.h"
50 
51 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
52 #include "hw/irq.h"
53 #include "hw/nmi.h"
54 #include "hw/loader.h"
55 #include "multiboot.h"
56 #include "elf.h"
57 #include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
58 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
59 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
60 
61 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
62 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
63 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_evtchn.h"
64 #endif
65 
66 /* Physical Address of PVH entry point read from kernel ELF NOTE */
67 static size_t pvh_start_addr;
68 
69 static void init_topo_info(X86CPUTopoInfo *topo_info,
70                            const X86MachineState *x86ms)
71 {
72     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(x86ms);
73 
74     topo_info->dies_per_pkg = ms->smp.dies;
75     topo_info->cores_per_die = ms->smp.cores;
76     topo_info->threads_per_core = ms->smp.threads;
77 }
78 
79 /*
80  * Calculates initial APIC ID for a specific CPU index
81  *
82  * Currently we need to be able to calculate the APIC ID from the CPU index
83  * alone (without requiring a CPU object), as the QEMU<->Seabios interfaces have
84  * no concept of "CPU index", and the NUMA tables on fw_cfg need the APIC ID of
85  * all CPUs up to max_cpus.
86  */
87 uint32_t x86_cpu_apic_id_from_index(X86MachineState *x86ms,
88                                     unsigned int cpu_index)
89 {
90     X86CPUTopoInfo topo_info;
91 
92     init_topo_info(&topo_info, x86ms);
93 
94     return x86_apicid_from_cpu_idx(&topo_info, cpu_index);
95 }
96 
97 
98 void x86_cpu_new(X86MachineState *x86ms, int64_t apic_id, Error **errp)
99 {
100     Object *cpu = object_new(MACHINE(x86ms)->cpu_type);
101 
102     if (!object_property_set_uint(cpu, "apic-id", apic_id, errp)) {
103         goto out;
104     }
105     qdev_realize(DEVICE(cpu), NULL, errp);
106 
107 out:
108     object_unref(cpu);
109 }
110 
111 void x86_cpus_init(X86MachineState *x86ms, int default_cpu_version)
112 {
113     int i;
114     const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus;
115     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(x86ms);
116     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(x86ms);
117 
118     x86_cpu_set_default_version(default_cpu_version);
119 
120     /*
121      * Calculates the limit to CPU APIC ID values
122      *
123      * Limit for the APIC ID value, so that all
124      * CPU APIC IDs are < x86ms->apic_id_limit.
125      *
126      * This is used for FW_CFG_MAX_CPUS. See comments on fw_cfg_arch_create().
127      */
128     x86ms->apic_id_limit = x86_cpu_apic_id_from_index(x86ms,
129                                                       ms->smp.max_cpus - 1) + 1;
130 
131     /*
132      * Can we support APIC ID 255 or higher?  With KVM, that requires
133      * both in-kernel lapic and X2APIC userspace API.
134      *
135      * kvm_enabled() must go first to ensure that kvm_* references are
136      * not emitted for the linker to consume (kvm_enabled() is
137      * a literal `0` in configurations where kvm_* aren't defined)
138      */
139     if (kvm_enabled() && x86ms->apic_id_limit > 255 &&
140         kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() && !kvm_enable_x2apic()) {
141         error_report("current -smp configuration requires kernel "
142                      "irqchip and X2APIC API support.");
143         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
144     }
145 
146     if (kvm_enabled()) {
147         kvm_set_max_apic_id(x86ms->apic_id_limit);
148     }
149 
150     if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
151         apic_set_max_apic_id(x86ms->apic_id_limit);
152     }
153 
154     possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(ms);
155     for (i = 0; i < ms->smp.cpus; i++) {
156         x86_cpu_new(x86ms, possible_cpus->cpus[i].arch_id, &error_fatal);
157     }
158 }
159 
160 void x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(ISADevice *s, uint16_t cpus_count)
161 {
162     MC146818RtcState *rtc = MC146818_RTC(s);
163 
164     if (cpus_count > 0xff) {
165         /*
166          * If the number of CPUs can't be represented in 8 bits, the
167          * BIOS must use "FW_CFG_NB_CPUS". Set RTC field to 0 just
168          * to make old BIOSes fail more predictably.
169          */
170         mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc, 0x5f, 0);
171     } else {
172         mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc, 0x5f, cpus_count - 1);
173     }
174 }
175 
176 static int x86_apic_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
177 {
178    CPUArchId *apic_a = (CPUArchId *)a;
179    CPUArchId *apic_b = (CPUArchId *)b;
180 
181    return apic_a->arch_id - apic_b->arch_id;
182 }
183 
184 /*
185  * returns pointer to CPUArchId descriptor that matches CPU's apic_id
186  * in ms->possible_cpus->cpus, if ms->possible_cpus->cpus has no
187  * entry corresponding to CPU's apic_id returns NULL.
188  */
189 CPUArchId *x86_find_cpu_slot(MachineState *ms, uint32_t id, int *idx)
190 {
191     CPUArchId apic_id, *found_cpu;
192 
193     apic_id.arch_id = id;
194     found_cpu = bsearch(&apic_id, ms->possible_cpus->cpus,
195         ms->possible_cpus->len, sizeof(*ms->possible_cpus->cpus),
196         x86_apic_cmp);
197     if (found_cpu && idx) {
198         *idx = found_cpu - ms->possible_cpus->cpus;
199     }
200     return found_cpu;
201 }
202 
203 void x86_cpu_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
204                   DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
205 {
206     CPUArchId *found_cpu;
207     Error *local_err = NULL;
208     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(dev);
209     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
210 
211     if (x86ms->acpi_dev) {
212         hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
213         if (local_err) {
214             goto out;
215         }
216     }
217 
218     /* increment the number of CPUs */
219     x86ms->boot_cpus++;
220     if (x86ms->rtc) {
221         x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
222     }
223     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
224         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
225     }
226 
227     found_cpu = x86_find_cpu_slot(MACHINE(x86ms), cpu->apic_id, NULL);
228     found_cpu->cpu = OBJECT(dev);
229 out:
230     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
231 }
232 
233 void x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
234                                DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
235 {
236     int idx = -1;
237     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(dev);
238     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
239 
240     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev) {
241         error_setg(errp, "CPU hot unplug not supported without ACPI");
242         return;
243     }
244 
245     x86_find_cpu_slot(MACHINE(x86ms), cpu->apic_id, &idx);
246     assert(idx != -1);
247     if (idx == 0) {
248         error_setg(errp, "Boot CPU is unpluggable");
249         return;
250     }
251 
252     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
253                                    errp);
254 }
255 
256 void x86_cpu_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
257                        DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
258 {
259     CPUArchId *found_cpu;
260     Error *local_err = NULL;
261     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(dev);
262     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
263 
264     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
265     if (local_err) {
266         goto out;
267     }
268 
269     found_cpu = x86_find_cpu_slot(MACHINE(x86ms), cpu->apic_id, NULL);
270     found_cpu->cpu = NULL;
271     qdev_unrealize(dev);
272 
273     /* decrement the number of CPUs */
274     x86ms->boot_cpus--;
275     /* Update the number of CPUs in CMOS */
276     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
277     fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
278  out:
279     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
280 }
281 
282 void x86_cpu_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
283                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
284 {
285     int idx;
286     CPUState *cs;
287     CPUArchId *cpu_slot;
288     X86CPUTopoIDs topo_ids;
289     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(dev);
290     CPUX86State *env = &cpu->env;
291     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
292     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
293     unsigned int smp_cores = ms->smp.cores;
294     unsigned int smp_threads = ms->smp.threads;
295     X86CPUTopoInfo topo_info;
296 
297     if (!object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(cpu), ms->cpu_type)) {
298         error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU type, expected cpu type: '%s'",
299                    ms->cpu_type);
300         return;
301     }
302 
303     if (x86ms->acpi_dev) {
304         Error *local_err = NULL;
305 
306         hotplug_handler_pre_plug(HOTPLUG_HANDLER(x86ms->acpi_dev), dev,
307                                  &local_err);
308         if (local_err) {
309             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
310             return;
311         }
312     }
313 
314     init_topo_info(&topo_info, x86ms);
315 
316     env->nr_dies = ms->smp.dies;
317 
318     /*
319      * If APIC ID is not set,
320      * set it based on socket/die/core/thread properties.
321      */
322     if (cpu->apic_id == UNASSIGNED_APIC_ID) {
323         int max_socket = (ms->smp.max_cpus - 1) /
324                                 smp_threads / smp_cores / ms->smp.dies;
325 
326         /*
327          * die-id was optional in QEMU 4.0 and older, so keep it optional
328          * if there's only one die per socket.
329          */
330         if (cpu->die_id < 0 && ms->smp.dies == 1) {
331             cpu->die_id = 0;
332         }
333 
334         if (cpu->socket_id < 0) {
335             error_setg(errp, "CPU socket-id is not set");
336             return;
337         } else if (cpu->socket_id > max_socket) {
338             error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU socket-id: %u must be in range 0:%u",
339                        cpu->socket_id, max_socket);
340             return;
341         }
342         if (cpu->die_id < 0) {
343             error_setg(errp, "CPU die-id is not set");
344             return;
345         } else if (cpu->die_id > ms->smp.dies - 1) {
346             error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU die-id: %u must be in range 0:%u",
347                        cpu->die_id, ms->smp.dies - 1);
348             return;
349         }
350         if (cpu->core_id < 0) {
351             error_setg(errp, "CPU core-id is not set");
352             return;
353         } else if (cpu->core_id > (smp_cores - 1)) {
354             error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU core-id: %u must be in range 0:%u",
355                        cpu->core_id, smp_cores - 1);
356             return;
357         }
358         if (cpu->thread_id < 0) {
359             error_setg(errp, "CPU thread-id is not set");
360             return;
361         } else if (cpu->thread_id > (smp_threads - 1)) {
362             error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU thread-id: %u must be in range 0:%u",
363                        cpu->thread_id, smp_threads - 1);
364             return;
365         }
366 
367         topo_ids.pkg_id = cpu->socket_id;
368         topo_ids.die_id = cpu->die_id;
369         topo_ids.core_id = cpu->core_id;
370         topo_ids.smt_id = cpu->thread_id;
371         cpu->apic_id = x86_apicid_from_topo_ids(&topo_info, &topo_ids);
372     }
373 
374     cpu_slot = x86_find_cpu_slot(MACHINE(x86ms), cpu->apic_id, &idx);
375     if (!cpu_slot) {
376         x86_topo_ids_from_apicid(cpu->apic_id, &topo_info, &topo_ids);
377         error_setg(errp,
378             "Invalid CPU [socket: %u, die: %u, core: %u, thread: %u] with"
379             " APIC ID %" PRIu32 ", valid index range 0:%d",
380             topo_ids.pkg_id, topo_ids.die_id, topo_ids.core_id, topo_ids.smt_id,
381             cpu->apic_id, ms->possible_cpus->len - 1);
382         return;
383     }
384 
385     if (cpu_slot->cpu) {
386         error_setg(errp, "CPU[%d] with APIC ID %" PRIu32 " exists",
387                    idx, cpu->apic_id);
388         return;
389     }
390 
391     /* if 'address' properties socket-id/core-id/thread-id are not set, set them
392      * so that machine_query_hotpluggable_cpus would show correct values
393      */
394     /* TODO: move socket_id/core_id/thread_id checks into x86_cpu_realizefn()
395      * once -smp refactoring is complete and there will be CPU private
396      * CPUState::nr_cores and CPUState::nr_threads fields instead of globals */
397     x86_topo_ids_from_apicid(cpu->apic_id, &topo_info, &topo_ids);
398     if (cpu->socket_id != -1 && cpu->socket_id != topo_ids.pkg_id) {
399         error_setg(errp, "property socket-id: %u doesn't match set apic-id:"
400             " 0x%x (socket-id: %u)", cpu->socket_id, cpu->apic_id,
401             topo_ids.pkg_id);
402         return;
403     }
404     cpu->socket_id = topo_ids.pkg_id;
405 
406     if (cpu->die_id != -1 && cpu->die_id != topo_ids.die_id) {
407         error_setg(errp, "property die-id: %u doesn't match set apic-id:"
408             " 0x%x (die-id: %u)", cpu->die_id, cpu->apic_id, topo_ids.die_id);
409         return;
410     }
411     cpu->die_id = topo_ids.die_id;
412 
413     if (cpu->core_id != -1 && cpu->core_id != topo_ids.core_id) {
414         error_setg(errp, "property core-id: %u doesn't match set apic-id:"
415             " 0x%x (core-id: %u)", cpu->core_id, cpu->apic_id,
416             topo_ids.core_id);
417         return;
418     }
419     cpu->core_id = topo_ids.core_id;
420 
421     if (cpu->thread_id != -1 && cpu->thread_id != topo_ids.smt_id) {
422         error_setg(errp, "property thread-id: %u doesn't match set apic-id:"
423             " 0x%x (thread-id: %u)", cpu->thread_id, cpu->apic_id,
424             topo_ids.smt_id);
425         return;
426     }
427     cpu->thread_id = topo_ids.smt_id;
428 
429     /*
430     * kvm_enabled() must go first to ensure that kvm_* references are
431     * not emitted for the linker to consume (kvm_enabled() is
432     * a literal `0` in configurations where kvm_* aren't defined)
433     */
434     if (kvm_enabled() && hyperv_feat_enabled(cpu, HYPERV_FEAT_VPINDEX) &&
435         !kvm_hv_vpindex_settable()) {
436         error_setg(errp, "kernel doesn't allow setting HyperV VP_INDEX");
437         return;
438     }
439 
440     cs = CPU(cpu);
441     cs->cpu_index = idx;
442 
443     numa_cpu_pre_plug(cpu_slot, dev, errp);
444 }
445 
446 CpuInstanceProperties
447 x86_cpu_index_to_props(MachineState *ms, unsigned cpu_index)
448 {
449     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(ms);
450     const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(ms);
451 
452     assert(cpu_index < possible_cpus->len);
453     return possible_cpus->cpus[cpu_index].props;
454 }
455 
456 int64_t x86_get_default_cpu_node_id(const MachineState *ms, int idx)
457 {
458    X86CPUTopoIDs topo_ids;
459    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(ms);
460    X86CPUTopoInfo topo_info;
461 
462    init_topo_info(&topo_info, x86ms);
463 
464    assert(idx < ms->possible_cpus->len);
465    x86_topo_ids_from_apicid(ms->possible_cpus->cpus[idx].arch_id,
466                             &topo_info, &topo_ids);
467    return topo_ids.pkg_id % ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
468 }
469 
470 const CPUArchIdList *x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids(MachineState *ms)
471 {
472     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(ms);
473     unsigned int max_cpus = ms->smp.max_cpus;
474     X86CPUTopoInfo topo_info;
475     int i;
476 
477     if (ms->possible_cpus) {
478         /*
479          * make sure that max_cpus hasn't changed since the first use, i.e.
480          * -smp hasn't been parsed after it
481          */
482         assert(ms->possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
483         return ms->possible_cpus;
484     }
485 
486     ms->possible_cpus = g_malloc0(sizeof(CPUArchIdList) +
487                                   sizeof(CPUArchId) * max_cpus);
488     ms->possible_cpus->len = max_cpus;
489 
490     init_topo_info(&topo_info, x86ms);
491 
492     for (i = 0; i < ms->possible_cpus->len; i++) {
493         X86CPUTopoIDs topo_ids;
494 
495         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].type = ms->cpu_type;
496         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].vcpus_count = 1;
497         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].arch_id =
498             x86_cpu_apic_id_from_index(x86ms, i);
499         x86_topo_ids_from_apicid(ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].arch_id,
500                                  &topo_info, &topo_ids);
501         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.has_socket_id = true;
502         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.socket_id = topo_ids.pkg_id;
503         if (ms->smp.dies > 1) {
504             ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.has_die_id = true;
505             ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.die_id = topo_ids.die_id;
506         }
507         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.has_core_id = true;
508         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.core_id = topo_ids.core_id;
509         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.has_thread_id = true;
510         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[i].props.thread_id = topo_ids.smt_id;
511     }
512     return ms->possible_cpus;
513 }
514 
515 static void x86_nmi(NMIState *n, int cpu_index, Error **errp)
516 {
517     /* cpu index isn't used */
518     CPUState *cs;
519 
520     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
521         X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
522 
523         if (cpu_is_apic_enabled(cpu->apic_state)) {
524             apic_deliver_nmi(cpu->apic_state);
525         } else {
526             cpu_interrupt(cs, CPU_INTERRUPT_NMI);
527         }
528     }
529 }
530 
531 static long get_file_size(FILE *f)
532 {
533     long where, size;
534 
535     /* XXX: on Unix systems, using fstat() probably makes more sense */
536 
537     where = ftell(f);
538     fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
539     size = ftell(f);
540     fseek(f, where, SEEK_SET);
541 
542     return size;
543 }
544 
545 /* TSC handling */
546 uint64_t cpu_get_tsc(CPUX86State *env)
547 {
548     return cpus_get_elapsed_ticks();
549 }
550 
551 /* IRQ handling */
552 static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
553 {
554     CPUState *cs = first_cpu;
555     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
556 
557     trace_x86_pic_interrupt(irq, level);
558     if (cpu_is_apic_enabled(cpu->apic_state) && !kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() &&
559         !whpx_apic_in_platform()) {
560         CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
561             cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
562             if (apic_accept_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state)) {
563                 apic_deliver_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state, level);
564             }
565         }
566     } else {
567         if (level) {
568             cpu_interrupt(cs, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD);
569         } else {
570             cpu_reset_interrupt(cs, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD);
571         }
572     }
573 }
574 
575 qemu_irq x86_allocate_cpu_irq(void)
576 {
577     return qemu_allocate_irq(pic_irq_request, NULL, 0);
578 }
579 
580 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUX86State *env)
581 {
582     X86CPU *cpu = env_archcpu(env);
583     int intno;
584 
585     if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() && !whpx_apic_in_platform()) {
586         intno = apic_get_interrupt(cpu->apic_state);
587         if (intno >= 0) {
588             return intno;
589         }
590         /* read the irq from the PIC */
591         if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state)) {
592             return -1;
593         }
594     }
595 
596     intno = pic_read_irq(isa_pic);
597     return intno;
598 }
599 
600 DeviceState *cpu_get_current_apic(void)
601 {
602     if (current_cpu) {
603         X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(current_cpu);
604         return cpu->apic_state;
605     } else {
606         return NULL;
607     }
608 }
609 
610 void gsi_handler(void *opaque, int n, int level)
611 {
612     GSIState *s = opaque;
613 
614     trace_x86_gsi_interrupt(n, level);
615     switch (n) {
616     case 0 ... ISA_NUM_IRQS - 1:
617         if (s->i8259_irq[n]) {
618             /* Under KVM, Kernel will forward to both PIC and IOAPIC */
619             qemu_set_irq(s->i8259_irq[n], level);
620         }
621         /* fall through */
622     case ISA_NUM_IRQS ... IOAPIC_NUM_PINS - 1:
623 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
624         /*
625          * Xen delivers the GSI to the Legacy PIC (not that Legacy PIC
626          * routing actually works properly under Xen). And then to
627          * *either* the PIRQ handling or the I/OAPIC depending on
628          * whether the former wants it.
629          */
630         if (xen_mode == XEN_EMULATE && xen_evtchn_set_gsi(n, level)) {
631             break;
632         }
633 #endif
634         qemu_set_irq(s->ioapic_irq[n], level);
635         break;
636     case IO_APIC_SECONDARY_IRQBASE
637         ... IO_APIC_SECONDARY_IRQBASE + IOAPIC_NUM_PINS - 1:
638         qemu_set_irq(s->ioapic2_irq[n - IO_APIC_SECONDARY_IRQBASE], level);
639         break;
640     }
641 }
642 
643 void ioapic_init_gsi(GSIState *gsi_state, const char *parent_name)
644 {
645     DeviceState *dev;
646     SysBusDevice *d;
647     unsigned int i;
648 
649     assert(parent_name);
650     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
651         dev = qdev_new(TYPE_KVM_IOAPIC);
652     } else {
653         dev = qdev_new(TYPE_IOAPIC);
654     }
655     object_property_add_child(object_resolve_path(parent_name, NULL),
656                               "ioapic", OBJECT(dev));
657     d = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
658     sysbus_realize_and_unref(d, &error_fatal);
659     sysbus_mmio_map(d, 0, IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS);
660 
661     for (i = 0; i < IOAPIC_NUM_PINS; i++) {
662         gsi_state->ioapic_irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, i);
663     }
664 }
665 
666 DeviceState *ioapic_init_secondary(GSIState *gsi_state)
667 {
668     DeviceState *dev;
669     SysBusDevice *d;
670     unsigned int i;
671 
672     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_IOAPIC);
673     d = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
674     sysbus_realize_and_unref(d, &error_fatal);
675     sysbus_mmio_map(d, 0, IO_APIC_SECONDARY_ADDRESS);
676 
677     for (i = 0; i < IOAPIC_NUM_PINS; i++) {
678         gsi_state->ioapic2_irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, i);
679     }
680     return dev;
681 }
682 
683 struct setup_data {
684     uint64_t next;
685     uint32_t type;
686     uint32_t len;
687     uint8_t data[];
688 } __attribute__((packed));
689 
690 
691 /*
692  * The entry point into the kernel for PVH boot is different from
693  * the native entry point.  The PVH entry is defined by the x86/HVM
694  * direct boot ABI and is available in an ELFNOTE in the kernel binary.
695  *
696  * This function is passed to load_elf() when it is called from
697  * load_elfboot() which then additionally checks for an ELF Note of
698  * type XEN_ELFNOTE_PHYS32_ENTRY and passes it to this function to
699  * parse the PVH entry address from the ELF Note.
700  *
701  * Due to trickery in elf_opts.h, load_elf() is actually available as
702  * load_elf32() or load_elf64() and this routine needs to be able
703  * to deal with being called as 32 or 64 bit.
704  *
705  * The address of the PVH entry point is saved to the 'pvh_start_addr'
706  * global variable.  (although the entry point is 32-bit, the kernel
707  * binary can be either 32-bit or 64-bit).
708  */
709 static uint64_t read_pvh_start_addr(void *arg1, void *arg2, bool is64)
710 {
711     size_t *elf_note_data_addr;
712 
713     /* Check if ELF Note header passed in is valid */
714     if (arg1 == NULL) {
715         return 0;
716     }
717 
718     if (is64) {
719         struct elf64_note *nhdr64 = (struct elf64_note *)arg1;
720         uint64_t nhdr_size64 = sizeof(struct elf64_note);
721         uint64_t phdr_align = *(uint64_t *)arg2;
722         uint64_t nhdr_namesz = nhdr64->n_namesz;
723 
724         elf_note_data_addr =
725             ((void *)nhdr64) + nhdr_size64 +
726             QEMU_ALIGN_UP(nhdr_namesz, phdr_align);
727 
728         pvh_start_addr = *elf_note_data_addr;
729     } else {
730         struct elf32_note *nhdr32 = (struct elf32_note *)arg1;
731         uint32_t nhdr_size32 = sizeof(struct elf32_note);
732         uint32_t phdr_align = *(uint32_t *)arg2;
733         uint32_t nhdr_namesz = nhdr32->n_namesz;
734 
735         elf_note_data_addr =
736             ((void *)nhdr32) + nhdr_size32 +
737             QEMU_ALIGN_UP(nhdr_namesz, phdr_align);
738 
739         pvh_start_addr = *(uint32_t *)elf_note_data_addr;
740     }
741 
742     return pvh_start_addr;
743 }
744 
745 static bool load_elfboot(const char *kernel_filename,
746                          int kernel_file_size,
747                          uint8_t *header,
748                          size_t pvh_xen_start_addr,
749                          FWCfgState *fw_cfg)
750 {
751     uint32_t flags = 0;
752     uint32_t mh_load_addr = 0;
753     uint32_t elf_kernel_size = 0;
754     uint64_t elf_entry;
755     uint64_t elf_low, elf_high;
756     int kernel_size;
757 
758     if (ldl_p(header) != 0x464c457f) {
759         return false; /* no elfboot */
760     }
761 
762     bool elf_is64 = header[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64;
763     flags = elf_is64 ?
764         ((Elf64_Ehdr *)header)->e_flags : ((Elf32_Ehdr *)header)->e_flags;
765 
766     if (flags & 0x00010004) { /* LOAD_ELF_HEADER_HAS_ADDR */
767         error_report("elfboot unsupported flags = %x", flags);
768         exit(1);
769     }
770 
771     uint64_t elf_note_type = XEN_ELFNOTE_PHYS32_ENTRY;
772     kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, read_pvh_start_addr,
773                            NULL, &elf_note_type, &elf_entry,
774                            &elf_low, &elf_high, NULL, 0, I386_ELF_MACHINE,
775                            0, 0);
776 
777     if (kernel_size < 0) {
778         error_report("Error while loading elf kernel");
779         exit(1);
780     }
781     mh_load_addr = elf_low;
782     elf_kernel_size = elf_high - elf_low;
783 
784     if (pvh_start_addr == 0) {
785         error_report("Error loading uncompressed kernel without PVH ELF Note");
786         exit(1);
787     }
788     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ENTRY, pvh_start_addr);
789     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ADDR, mh_load_addr);
790     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_SIZE, elf_kernel_size);
791 
792     return true;
793 }
794 
795 void x86_load_linux(X86MachineState *x86ms,
796                     FWCfgState *fw_cfg,
797                     int acpi_data_size,
798                     bool pvh_enabled)
799 {
800     bool linuxboot_dma_enabled = X86_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(x86ms)->fwcfg_dma_enabled;
801     uint16_t protocol;
802     int setup_size, kernel_size, cmdline_size;
803     int dtb_size, setup_data_offset;
804     uint32_t initrd_max;
805     uint8_t header[8192], *setup, *kernel;
806     hwaddr real_addr, prot_addr, cmdline_addr, initrd_addr = 0;
807     FILE *f;
808     char *vmode;
809     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(x86ms);
810     struct setup_data *setup_data;
811     const char *kernel_filename = machine->kernel_filename;
812     const char *initrd_filename = machine->initrd_filename;
813     const char *dtb_filename = machine->dtb;
814     const char *kernel_cmdline = machine->kernel_cmdline;
815     SevKernelLoaderContext sev_load_ctx = {};
816 
817     /* Align to 16 bytes as a paranoia measure */
818     cmdline_size = (strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 16) & ~15;
819 
820     /* load the kernel header */
821     f = fopen(kernel_filename, "rb");
822     if (!f) {
823         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open kernel file '%s': %s\n",
824                 kernel_filename, strerror(errno));
825         exit(1);
826     }
827 
828     kernel_size = get_file_size(f);
829     if (!kernel_size ||
830         fread(header, 1, MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header), kernel_size), f) !=
831         MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header), kernel_size)) {
832         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s': %s\n",
833                 kernel_filename, strerror(errno));
834         exit(1);
835     }
836 
837     /* kernel protocol version */
838     if (ldl_p(header + 0x202) == 0x53726448) {
839         protocol = lduw_p(header + 0x206);
840     } else {
841         /*
842          * This could be a multiboot kernel. If it is, let's stop treating it
843          * like a Linux kernel.
844          * Note: some multiboot images could be in the ELF format (the same of
845          * PVH), so we try multiboot first since we check the multiboot magic
846          * header before to load it.
847          */
848         if (load_multiboot(x86ms, fw_cfg, f, kernel_filename, initrd_filename,
849                            kernel_cmdline, kernel_size, header)) {
850             return;
851         }
852         /*
853          * Check if the file is an uncompressed kernel file (ELF) and load it,
854          * saving the PVH entry point used by the x86/HVM direct boot ABI.
855          * If load_elfboot() is successful, populate the fw_cfg info.
856          */
857         if (pvh_enabled &&
858             load_elfboot(kernel_filename, kernel_size,
859                          header, pvh_start_addr, fw_cfg)) {
860             fclose(f);
861 
862             fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_SIZE,
863                 strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 1);
864             fw_cfg_add_string(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_DATA, kernel_cmdline);
865 
866             fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_SETUP_SIZE, sizeof(header));
867             fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_SETUP_DATA,
868                              header, sizeof(header));
869 
870             /* load initrd */
871             if (initrd_filename) {
872                 GMappedFile *mapped_file;
873                 gsize initrd_size;
874                 gchar *initrd_data;
875                 GError *gerr = NULL;
876 
877                 mapped_file = g_mapped_file_new(initrd_filename, false, &gerr);
878                 if (!mapped_file) {
879                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: error reading initrd %s: %s\n",
880                             initrd_filename, gerr->message);
881                     exit(1);
882                 }
883                 x86ms->initrd_mapped_file = mapped_file;
884 
885                 initrd_data = g_mapped_file_get_contents(mapped_file);
886                 initrd_size = g_mapped_file_get_length(mapped_file);
887                 initrd_max = x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - acpi_data_size - 1;
888                 if (initrd_size >= initrd_max) {
889                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: initrd is too large, cannot support."
890                             "(max: %"PRIu32", need %"PRId64")\n",
891                             initrd_max, (uint64_t)initrd_size);
892                     exit(1);
893                 }
894 
895                 initrd_addr = (initrd_max - initrd_size) & ~4095;
896 
897                 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_ADDR, initrd_addr);
898                 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE, initrd_size);
899                 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_DATA, initrd_data,
900                                  initrd_size);
901             }
902 
903             option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex = 0;
904             option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = "pvh.bin";
905             nb_option_roms++;
906 
907             return;
908         }
909         protocol = 0;
910     }
911 
912     if (protocol < 0x200 || !(header[0x211] & 0x01)) {
913         /* Low kernel */
914         real_addr    = 0x90000;
915         cmdline_addr = 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
916         prot_addr    = 0x10000;
917     } else if (protocol < 0x202) {
918         /* High but ancient kernel */
919         real_addr    = 0x90000;
920         cmdline_addr = 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
921         prot_addr    = 0x100000;
922     } else {
923         /* High and recent kernel */
924         real_addr    = 0x10000;
925         cmdline_addr = 0x20000;
926         prot_addr    = 0x100000;
927     }
928 
929     /* highest address for loading the initrd */
930     if (protocol >= 0x20c &&
931         lduw_p(header + 0x236) & XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G) {
932         /*
933          * Linux has supported initrd up to 4 GB for a very long time (2007,
934          * long before XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G which was added in 2013),
935          * though it only sets initrd_max to 2 GB to "work around bootloader
936          * bugs". Luckily, QEMU firmware(which does something like bootloader)
937          * has supported this.
938          *
939          * It's believed that if XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G is set, initrd can
940          * be loaded into any address.
941          *
942          * In addition, initrd_max is uint32_t simply because QEMU doesn't
943          * support the 64-bit boot protocol (specifically the ext_ramdisk_image
944          * field).
945          *
946          * Therefore here just limit initrd_max to UINT32_MAX simply as well.
947          */
948         initrd_max = UINT32_MAX;
949     } else if (protocol >= 0x203) {
950         initrd_max = ldl_p(header + 0x22c);
951     } else {
952         initrd_max = 0x37ffffff;
953     }
954 
955     if (initrd_max >= x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - acpi_data_size) {
956         initrd_max = x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - acpi_data_size - 1;
957     }
958 
959     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_ADDR, cmdline_addr);
960     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_SIZE, strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 1);
961     fw_cfg_add_string(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_DATA, kernel_cmdline);
962     sev_load_ctx.cmdline_data = (char *)kernel_cmdline;
963     sev_load_ctx.cmdline_size = strlen(kernel_cmdline) + 1;
964 
965     if (protocol >= 0x202) {
966         stl_p(header + 0x228, cmdline_addr);
967     } else {
968         stw_p(header + 0x20, 0xA33F);
969         stw_p(header + 0x22, cmdline_addr - real_addr);
970     }
971 
972     /* handle vga= parameter */
973     vmode = strstr(kernel_cmdline, "vga=");
974     if (vmode) {
975         unsigned int video_mode;
976         const char *end;
977         int ret;
978         /* skip "vga=" */
979         vmode += 4;
980         if (!strncmp(vmode, "normal", 6)) {
981             video_mode = 0xffff;
982         } else if (!strncmp(vmode, "ext", 3)) {
983             video_mode = 0xfffe;
984         } else if (!strncmp(vmode, "ask", 3)) {
985             video_mode = 0xfffd;
986         } else {
987             ret = qemu_strtoui(vmode, &end, 0, &video_mode);
988             if (ret != 0 || (*end && *end != ' ')) {
989                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid 'vga=' kernel parameter.\n");
990                 exit(1);
991             }
992         }
993         stw_p(header + 0x1fa, video_mode);
994     }
995 
996     /* loader type */
997     /*
998      * High nybble = B reserved for QEMU; low nybble is revision number.
999      * If this code is substantially changed, you may want to consider
1000      * incrementing the revision.
1001      */
1002     if (protocol >= 0x200) {
1003         header[0x210] = 0xB0;
1004     }
1005     /* heap */
1006     if (protocol >= 0x201) {
1007         header[0x211] |= 0x80; /* CAN_USE_HEAP */
1008         stw_p(header + 0x224, cmdline_addr - real_addr - 0x200);
1009     }
1010 
1011     /* load initrd */
1012     if (initrd_filename) {
1013         GMappedFile *mapped_file;
1014         gsize initrd_size;
1015         gchar *initrd_data;
1016         GError *gerr = NULL;
1017 
1018         if (protocol < 0x200) {
1019             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: linux kernel too old to load a ram disk\n");
1020             exit(1);
1021         }
1022 
1023         mapped_file = g_mapped_file_new(initrd_filename, false, &gerr);
1024         if (!mapped_file) {
1025             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: error reading initrd %s: %s\n",
1026                     initrd_filename, gerr->message);
1027             exit(1);
1028         }
1029         x86ms->initrd_mapped_file = mapped_file;
1030 
1031         initrd_data = g_mapped_file_get_contents(mapped_file);
1032         initrd_size = g_mapped_file_get_length(mapped_file);
1033         if (initrd_size >= initrd_max) {
1034             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: initrd is too large, cannot support."
1035                     "(max: %"PRIu32", need %"PRId64")\n",
1036                     initrd_max, (uint64_t)initrd_size);
1037             exit(1);
1038         }
1039 
1040         initrd_addr = (initrd_max - initrd_size) & ~4095;
1041 
1042         fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_ADDR, initrd_addr);
1043         fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE, initrd_size);
1044         fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_INITRD_DATA, initrd_data, initrd_size);
1045         sev_load_ctx.initrd_data = initrd_data;
1046         sev_load_ctx.initrd_size = initrd_size;
1047 
1048         stl_p(header + 0x218, initrd_addr);
1049         stl_p(header + 0x21c, initrd_size);
1050     }
1051 
1052     /* load kernel and setup */
1053     setup_size = header[0x1f1];
1054     if (setup_size == 0) {
1055         setup_size = 4;
1056     }
1057     setup_size = (setup_size + 1) * 512;
1058     if (setup_size > kernel_size) {
1059         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid kernel header\n");
1060         exit(1);
1061     }
1062     kernel_size -= setup_size;
1063 
1064     setup  = g_malloc(setup_size);
1065     kernel = g_malloc(kernel_size);
1066     fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
1067     if (fread(setup, 1, setup_size, f) != setup_size) {
1068         fprintf(stderr, "fread() failed\n");
1069         exit(1);
1070     }
1071     if (fread(kernel, 1, kernel_size, f) != kernel_size) {
1072         fprintf(stderr, "fread() failed\n");
1073         exit(1);
1074     }
1075     fclose(f);
1076 
1077     /* append dtb to kernel */
1078     if (dtb_filename) {
1079         if (protocol < 0x209) {
1080             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Linux kernel too old to load a dtb\n");
1081             exit(1);
1082         }
1083 
1084         dtb_size = get_image_size(dtb_filename);
1085         if (dtb_size <= 0) {
1086             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: error reading dtb %s: %s\n",
1087                     dtb_filename, strerror(errno));
1088             exit(1);
1089         }
1090 
1091         setup_data_offset = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(kernel_size, 16);
1092         kernel_size = setup_data_offset + sizeof(struct setup_data) + dtb_size;
1093         kernel = g_realloc(kernel, kernel_size);
1094 
1095         stq_p(header + 0x250, prot_addr + setup_data_offset);
1096 
1097         setup_data = (struct setup_data *)(kernel + setup_data_offset);
1098         setup_data->next = 0;
1099         setup_data->type = cpu_to_le32(SETUP_DTB);
1100         setup_data->len = cpu_to_le32(dtb_size);
1101 
1102         load_image_size(dtb_filename, setup_data->data, dtb_size);
1103     }
1104 
1105     /*
1106      * If we're starting an encrypted VM, it will be OVMF based, which uses the
1107      * efi stub for booting and doesn't require any values to be placed in the
1108      * kernel header.  We therefore don't update the header so the hash of the
1109      * kernel on the other side of the fw_cfg interface matches the hash of the
1110      * file the user passed in.
1111      */
1112     if (!sev_enabled()) {
1113         memcpy(setup, header, MIN(sizeof(header), setup_size));
1114     }
1115 
1116     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ADDR, prot_addr);
1117     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_SIZE, kernel_size);
1118     fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_KERNEL_DATA, kernel, kernel_size);
1119     sev_load_ctx.kernel_data = (char *)kernel;
1120     sev_load_ctx.kernel_size = kernel_size;
1121 
1122     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_SETUP_ADDR, real_addr);
1123     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_SETUP_SIZE, setup_size);
1124     fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_SETUP_DATA, setup, setup_size);
1125     sev_load_ctx.setup_data = (char *)setup;
1126     sev_load_ctx.setup_size = setup_size;
1127 
1128     if (sev_enabled()) {
1129         sev_add_kernel_loader_hashes(&sev_load_ctx, &error_fatal);
1130     }
1131 
1132     option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex = 0;
1133     option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = "linuxboot.bin";
1134     if (linuxboot_dma_enabled && fw_cfg_dma_enabled(fw_cfg)) {
1135         option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = "linuxboot_dma.bin";
1136     }
1137     nb_option_roms++;
1138 }
1139 
1140 void x86_bios_rom_init(MachineState *ms, const char *default_firmware,
1141                        MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
1142 {
1143     const char *bios_name;
1144     char *filename;
1145     MemoryRegion *bios, *isa_bios;
1146     int bios_size, isa_bios_size;
1147     ssize_t ret;
1148 
1149     /* BIOS load */
1150     bios_name = ms->firmware ?: default_firmware;
1151     filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
1152     if (filename) {
1153         bios_size = get_image_size(filename);
1154     } else {
1155         bios_size = -1;
1156     }
1157     if (bios_size <= 0 ||
1158         (bios_size % 65536) != 0) {
1159         goto bios_error;
1160     }
1161     bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*bios));
1162     memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size, &error_fatal);
1163     if (sev_enabled()) {
1164         /*
1165          * The concept of a "reset" simply doesn't exist for
1166          * confidential computing guests, we have to destroy and
1167          * re-launch them instead.  So there is no need to register
1168          * the firmware as rom to properly re-initialize on reset.
1169          * Just go for a straight file load instead.
1170          */
1171         void *ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios);
1172         load_image_size(filename, ptr, bios_size);
1173         x86_firmware_configure(ptr, bios_size);
1174     } else {
1175         if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
1176             memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
1177         }
1178         ret = rom_add_file_fixed(bios_name, (uint32_t)(-bios_size), -1);
1179         if (ret != 0) {
1180             goto bios_error;
1181         }
1182     }
1183     g_free(filename);
1184 
1185     /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
1186     isa_bios_size = MIN(bios_size, 128 * KiB);
1187     isa_bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios));
1188     memory_region_init_alias(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", bios,
1189                              bios_size - isa_bios_size, isa_bios_size);
1190     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
1191                                         0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
1192                                         isa_bios,
1193                                         1);
1194     if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
1195         memory_region_set_readonly(isa_bios, true);
1196     }
1197 
1198     /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
1199     memory_region_add_subregion(rom_memory,
1200                                 (uint32_t)(-bios_size),
1201                                 bios);
1202     return;
1203 
1204 bios_error:
1205     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", bios_name);
1206     exit(1);
1207 }
1208 
1209 bool x86_machine_is_smm_enabled(const X86MachineState *x86ms)
1210 {
1211     bool smm_available = false;
1212 
1213     if (x86ms->smm == ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF) {
1214         return false;
1215     }
1216 
1217     if (tcg_enabled() || qtest_enabled()) {
1218         smm_available = true;
1219     } else if (kvm_enabled()) {
1220         smm_available = kvm_has_smm();
1221     }
1222 
1223     if (smm_available) {
1224         return true;
1225     }
1226 
1227     if (x86ms->smm == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON) {
1228         error_report("System Management Mode not supported by this hypervisor.");
1229         exit(1);
1230     }
1231     return false;
1232 }
1233 
1234 static void x86_machine_get_smm(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1235                                void *opaque, Error **errp)
1236 {
1237     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1238     OnOffAuto smm = x86ms->smm;
1239 
1240     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &smm, errp);
1241 }
1242 
1243 static void x86_machine_set_smm(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1244                                void *opaque, Error **errp)
1245 {
1246     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1247 
1248     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &x86ms->smm, errp);
1249 }
1250 
1251 bool x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(const X86MachineState *x86ms)
1252 {
1253     if (x86ms->acpi == ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF) {
1254         return false;
1255     }
1256     return true;
1257 }
1258 
1259 static void x86_machine_get_acpi(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1260                                  void *opaque, Error **errp)
1261 {
1262     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1263     OnOffAuto acpi = x86ms->acpi;
1264 
1265     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &acpi, errp);
1266 }
1267 
1268 static void x86_machine_set_acpi(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1269                                  void *opaque, Error **errp)
1270 {
1271     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1272 
1273     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &x86ms->acpi, errp);
1274 }
1275 
1276 static void x86_machine_get_pit(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1277                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
1278 {
1279     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1280     OnOffAuto pit = x86ms->pit;
1281 
1282     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pit, errp);
1283 }
1284 
1285 static void x86_machine_set_pit(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1286                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
1287 {
1288     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);;
1289 
1290     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &x86ms->pit, errp);
1291 }
1292 
1293 static void x86_machine_get_pic(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1294                                 void *opaque, Error **errp)
1295 {
1296     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1297     OnOffAuto pic = x86ms->pic;
1298 
1299     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pic, errp);
1300 }
1301 
1302 static void x86_machine_set_pic(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1303                                 void *opaque, Error **errp)
1304 {
1305     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1306 
1307     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &x86ms->pic, errp);
1308 }
1309 
1310 static char *x86_machine_get_oem_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1311 {
1312     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1313 
1314     return g_strdup(x86ms->oem_id);
1315 }
1316 
1317 static void x86_machine_set_oem_id(Object *obj, const char *value, Error **errp)
1318 {
1319     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1320     size_t len = strlen(value);
1321 
1322     if (len > 6) {
1323         error_setg(errp,
1324                    "User specified "X86_MACHINE_OEM_ID" value is bigger than "
1325                    "6 bytes in size");
1326         return;
1327     }
1328 
1329     strncpy(x86ms->oem_id, value, 6);
1330 }
1331 
1332 static char *x86_machine_get_oem_table_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1333 {
1334     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1335 
1336     return g_strdup(x86ms->oem_table_id);
1337 }
1338 
1339 static void x86_machine_set_oem_table_id(Object *obj, const char *value,
1340                                          Error **errp)
1341 {
1342     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1343     size_t len = strlen(value);
1344 
1345     if (len > 8) {
1346         error_setg(errp,
1347                    "User specified "X86_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID
1348                    " value is bigger than "
1349                    "8 bytes in size");
1350         return;
1351     }
1352     strncpy(x86ms->oem_table_id, value, 8);
1353 }
1354 
1355 static void x86_machine_get_bus_lock_ratelimit(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1356                                 const char *name, void *opaque, Error **errp)
1357 {
1358     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1359     uint64_t bus_lock_ratelimit = x86ms->bus_lock_ratelimit;
1360 
1361     visit_type_uint64(v, name, &bus_lock_ratelimit, errp);
1362 }
1363 
1364 static void x86_machine_set_bus_lock_ratelimit(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1365                                const char *name, void *opaque, Error **errp)
1366 {
1367     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1368 
1369     visit_type_uint64(v, name, &x86ms->bus_lock_ratelimit, errp);
1370 }
1371 
1372 static void machine_get_sgx_epc(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1373                                 void *opaque, Error **errp)
1374 {
1375     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1376     SgxEPCList *list = x86ms->sgx_epc_list;
1377 
1378     visit_type_SgxEPCList(v, name, &list, errp);
1379 }
1380 
1381 static void machine_set_sgx_epc(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1382                                 void *opaque, Error **errp)
1383 {
1384     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1385     SgxEPCList *list;
1386 
1387     list = x86ms->sgx_epc_list;
1388     visit_type_SgxEPCList(v, name, &x86ms->sgx_epc_list, errp);
1389 
1390     qapi_free_SgxEPCList(list);
1391 }
1392 
1393 static void x86_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1394 {
1395     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(obj);
1396 
1397     x86ms->smm = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1398     x86ms->acpi = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1399     x86ms->pit = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1400     x86ms->pic = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1401     x86ms->pci_irq_mask = ACPI_BUILD_PCI_IRQS;
1402     x86ms->oem_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME6, 6);
1403     x86ms->oem_table_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME8, 8);
1404     x86ms->bus_lock_ratelimit = 0;
1405     x86ms->above_4g_mem_start = 4 * GiB;
1406 }
1407 
1408 static void x86_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1409 {
1410     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1411     X86MachineClass *x86mc = X86_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1412     NMIClass *nc = NMI_CLASS(oc);
1413 
1414     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1415     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1416     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1417     x86mc->save_tsc_khz = true;
1418     x86mc->fwcfg_dma_enabled = true;
1419     nc->nmi_monitor_handler = x86_nmi;
1420 
1421     object_class_property_add(oc, X86_MACHINE_SMM, "OnOffAuto",
1422         x86_machine_get_smm, x86_machine_set_smm,
1423         NULL, NULL);
1424     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_SMM,
1425         "Enable SMM");
1426 
1427     object_class_property_add(oc, X86_MACHINE_ACPI, "OnOffAuto",
1428         x86_machine_get_acpi, x86_machine_set_acpi,
1429         NULL, NULL);
1430     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_ACPI,
1431         "Enable ACPI");
1432 
1433     object_class_property_add(oc, X86_MACHINE_PIT, "OnOffAuto",
1434                               x86_machine_get_pit,
1435                               x86_machine_set_pit,
1436                               NULL, NULL);
1437     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_PIT,
1438         "Enable i8254 PIT");
1439 
1440     object_class_property_add(oc, X86_MACHINE_PIC, "OnOffAuto",
1441                               x86_machine_get_pic,
1442                               x86_machine_set_pic,
1443                               NULL, NULL);
1444     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_PIC,
1445         "Enable i8259 PIC");
1446 
1447     object_class_property_add_str(oc, X86_MACHINE_OEM_ID,
1448                                   x86_machine_get_oem_id,
1449                                   x86_machine_set_oem_id);
1450     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_OEM_ID,
1451                                           "Override the default value of field OEMID "
1452                                           "in ACPI table header."
1453                                           "The string may be up to 6 bytes in size");
1454 
1455 
1456     object_class_property_add_str(oc, X86_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID,
1457                                   x86_machine_get_oem_table_id,
1458                                   x86_machine_set_oem_table_id);
1459     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_OEM_TABLE_ID,
1460                                           "Override the default value of field OEM Table ID "
1461                                           "in ACPI table header."
1462                                           "The string may be up to 8 bytes in size");
1463 
1464     object_class_property_add(oc, X86_MACHINE_BUS_LOCK_RATELIMIT, "uint64_t",
1465                                 x86_machine_get_bus_lock_ratelimit,
1466                                 x86_machine_set_bus_lock_ratelimit, NULL, NULL);
1467     object_class_property_set_description(oc, X86_MACHINE_BUS_LOCK_RATELIMIT,
1468             "Set the ratelimit for the bus locks acquired in VMs");
1469 
1470     object_class_property_add(oc, "sgx-epc", "SgxEPC",
1471         machine_get_sgx_epc, machine_set_sgx_epc,
1472         NULL, NULL);
1473     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "sgx-epc",
1474         "SGX EPC device");
1475 }
1476 
1477 static const TypeInfo x86_machine_info = {
1478     .name = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1479     .parent = TYPE_MACHINE,
1480     .abstract = true,
1481     .instance_size = sizeof(X86MachineState),
1482     .instance_init = x86_machine_initfn,
1483     .class_size = sizeof(X86MachineClass),
1484     .class_init = x86_machine_class_init,
1485     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1486          { TYPE_NMI },
1487          { }
1488     },
1489 };
1490 
1491 static void x86_machine_register_types(void)
1492 {
1493     type_register_static(&x86_machine_info);
1494 }
1495 
1496 type_init(x86_machine_register_types)
1497