xref: /qemu/include/qemu/compiler.h (revision b21e2380)
1 /* compiler.h: macros to abstract away compiler specifics
2  *
3  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
4  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
5  */
6 
7 #ifndef COMPILER_H
8 #define COMPILER_H
9 
10 #if defined __clang_analyzer__ || defined __COVERITY__
11 #define QEMU_STATIC_ANALYSIS 1
12 #endif
13 
14 #ifdef __cplusplus
15 #define QEMU_EXTERN_C extern "C"
16 #else
17 #define QEMU_EXTERN_C extern
18 #endif
19 
20 #define QEMU_NORETURN __attribute__ ((__noreturn__))
21 
22 #define QEMU_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
23 
24 #define QEMU_SENTINEL __attribute__((sentinel))
25 
26 #if defined(_WIN32) && (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__))
27 # define QEMU_PACKED __attribute__((gcc_struct, packed))
28 #else
29 # define QEMU_PACKED __attribute__((packed))
30 #endif
31 
32 #define QEMU_ALIGNED(X) __attribute__((aligned(X)))
33 
34 #ifndef glue
35 #define xglue(x, y) x ## y
36 #define glue(x, y) xglue(x, y)
37 #define stringify(s)	tostring(s)
38 #define tostring(s)	#s
39 #endif
40 
41 #ifndef likely
42 #define likely(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
43 #define unlikely(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
44 #endif
45 
46 #ifndef container_of
47 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({                      \
48         const typeof(((type *) 0)->member) *__mptr = (ptr);     \
49         (type *) ((char *) __mptr - offsetof(type, member));})
50 #endif
51 
52 #define sizeof_field(type, field) sizeof(((type *)0)->field)
53 
54 /*
55  * Calculate the number of bytes up to and including the given 'field' of
56  * 'container'.
57  */
58 #define endof(container, field) \
59     (offsetof(container, field) + sizeof_field(container, field))
60 
61 /* Convert from a base type to a parent type, with compile time checking.  */
62 #define DO_UPCAST(type, field, dev) ( __extension__ ( { \
63     char __attribute__((unused)) offset_must_be_zero[ \
64         -offsetof(type, field)]; \
65     container_of(dev, type, field);}))
66 
67 #define typeof_field(type, field) typeof(((type *)0)->field)
68 #define type_check(t1,t2) ((t1*)0 - (t2*)0)
69 
70 #define QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON_STRUCT(x) \
71     struct { \
72         int:(x) ? -1 : 1; \
73     }
74 
75 #define QEMU_BUILD_BUG_MSG(x, msg) _Static_assert(!(x), msg)
76 
77 #define QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(x) QEMU_BUILD_BUG_MSG(x, "not expecting: " #x)
78 
79 #define QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(x) (sizeof(QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON_STRUCT(x)) - \
80                                    sizeof(QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON_STRUCT(x)))
81 
82 #if defined(__clang__)
83 /* clang doesn't support gnu_printf, so use printf. */
84 # define GCC_FMT_ATTR(n, m) __attribute__((format(printf, n, m)))
85 #else
86 /* Use gnu_printf (qemu uses standard format strings). */
87 # define GCC_FMT_ATTR(n, m) __attribute__((format(gnu_printf, n, m)))
88 # if defined(_WIN32)
89 /*
90  * Map __printf__ to __gnu_printf__ because we want standard format strings even
91  * when MinGW or GLib include files use __printf__.
92  */
93 #  define __printf__ __gnu_printf__
94 # endif
95 #endif
96 
97 #ifndef __has_warning
98 #define __has_warning(x) 0 /* compatibility with non-clang compilers */
99 #endif
100 
101 #ifndef __has_feature
102 #define __has_feature(x) 0 /* compatibility with non-clang compilers */
103 #endif
104 
105 #ifndef __has_builtin
106 #define __has_builtin(x) 0 /* compatibility with non-clang compilers */
107 #endif
108 
109 #if __has_builtin(__builtin_assume_aligned) || !defined(__clang__)
110 #define HAS_ASSUME_ALIGNED
111 #endif
112 
113 #ifndef __has_attribute
114 #define __has_attribute(x) 0 /* compatibility with older GCC */
115 #endif
116 
117 /*
118  * GCC doesn't provide __has_attribute() until GCC 5, but we know all the GCC
119  * versions we support have the "flatten" attribute. Clang may not have the
120  * "flatten" attribute but always has __has_attribute() to check for it.
121  */
122 #if __has_attribute(flatten) || !defined(__clang__)
123 # define QEMU_FLATTEN __attribute__((flatten))
124 #else
125 # define QEMU_FLATTEN
126 #endif
127 
128 /*
129  * If __attribute__((error)) is present, use it to produce an error at
130  * compile time.  Otherwise, one must wait for the linker to diagnose
131  * the missing symbol.
132  */
133 #if __has_attribute(error)
134 # define QEMU_ERROR(X) __attribute__((error(X)))
135 #else
136 # define QEMU_ERROR(X)
137 #endif
138 
139 /*
140  * The nonstring variable attribute specifies that an object or member
141  * declaration with type array of char or pointer to char is intended
142  * to store character arrays that do not necessarily contain a terminating
143  * NUL character. This is useful in detecting uses of such arrays or pointers
144  * with functions that expect NUL-terminated strings, and to avoid warnings
145  * when such an array or pointer is used as an argument to a bounded string
146  * manipulation function such as strncpy.
147  */
148 #if __has_attribute(nonstring)
149 # define QEMU_NONSTRING __attribute__((nonstring))
150 #else
151 # define QEMU_NONSTRING
152 #endif
153 
154 /*
155  * Forced inlining may be desired to encourage constant propagation
156  * of function parameters.  However, it can also make debugging harder,
157  * so disable it for a non-optimizing build.
158  */
159 #if defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
160 #define QEMU_ALWAYS_INLINE  __attribute__((always_inline))
161 #else
162 #define QEMU_ALWAYS_INLINE
163 #endif
164 
165 /**
166  * qemu_build_not_reached()
167  *
168  * The compiler, during optimization, is expected to prove that a call
169  * to this function cannot be reached and remove it.  If the compiler
170  * supports QEMU_ERROR, this will be reported at compile time; otherwise
171  * this will be reported at link time due to the missing symbol.
172  */
173 extern void QEMU_NORETURN QEMU_ERROR("code path is reachable")
174     qemu_build_not_reached_always(void);
175 #if defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && !defined(__NO_INLINE__)
176 #define qemu_build_not_reached()  qemu_build_not_reached_always()
177 #else
178 #define qemu_build_not_reached()  g_assert_not_reached()
179 #endif
180 
181 /**
182  * In most cases, normal "fallthrough" comments are good enough for
183  * switch-case statements, but sometimes the compiler has problems
184  * with those. In that case you can use QEMU_FALLTHROUGH instead.
185  */
186 #if __has_attribute(fallthrough)
187 # define QEMU_FALLTHROUGH __attribute__((fallthrough))
188 #else
189 # define QEMU_FALLTHROUGH do {} while (0) /* fallthrough */
190 #endif
191 
192 #ifdef CONFIG_CFI
193 /*
194  * If CFI is enabled, use an attribute to disable cfi-icall on the following
195  * function
196  */
197 #define QEMU_DISABLE_CFI __attribute__((no_sanitize("cfi-icall")))
198 #else
199 /* If CFI is not enabled, use an empty define to not change the behavior */
200 #define QEMU_DISABLE_CFI
201 #endif
202 
203 #endif /* COMPILER_H */
204