xref: /qemu/pc-bios/s390-ccw/bootmap.h (revision fc0e2087)
1 /*
2  * QEMU S390 bootmap interpreter -- declarations
3  *
4  * Copyright 2014 IBM Corp.
5  * Author(s): Eugene (jno) Dvurechenski <jno@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
6  *
7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at
8  * your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level
9  * directory.
10  */
11 #ifndef _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
12 #define _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H
13 
14 #include "s390-ccw.h"
15 #include "virtio.h"
16 
17 typedef uint64_t block_number_t;
18 #define NULL_BLOCK_NR 0xffffffffffffffffULL
19 
20 #define FREE_SPACE_FILLER '\xAA'
21 
22 typedef struct ScsiBlockPtr {
23     uint64_t blockno;
24     uint16_t size;
25     uint16_t blockct;
26     uint8_t reserved[4];
27 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiBlockPtr;
28 
29 typedef struct FbaBlockPtr {
30     uint32_t blockno;
31     uint16_t size;
32     uint16_t blockct;
33 } __attribute__ ((packed)) FbaBlockPtr;
34 
35 typedef struct EckdCHS {
36     uint16_t cylinder;
37     uint16_t head;
38     uint8_t sector;
39 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdCHS;
40 
41 typedef struct EckdBlockPtr {
42     EckdCHS chs; /* cylinder/head/sector is an address of the block */
43     uint16_t size;
44     uint8_t count; /* (size_in_blocks-1);
45                     * it's 0 for TablePtr, ScriptPtr, and SectionPtr */
46 } __attribute__ ((packed)) EckdBlockPtr;
47 
48 typedef struct ExtEckdBlockPtr {
49     EckdBlockPtr bptr;
50     uint8_t reserved[8];
51 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ExtEckdBlockPtr;
52 
53 typedef union BootMapPointer {
54     ScsiBlockPtr scsi;
55     FbaBlockPtr fba;
56     EckdBlockPtr eckd;
57     ExtEckdBlockPtr xeckd;
58 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapPointer;
59 
60 #define MAX_TABLE_ENTRIES  30
61 
62 /* aka Program Table */
63 typedef struct BootMapTable {
64     uint8_t magic[4];
65     uint8_t reserved[12];
66     BootMapPointer entry[];
67 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapTable;
68 
69 typedef struct ComponentEntry {
70     ScsiBlockPtr data;
71     uint8_t pad[7];
72     uint8_t component_type;
73     uint64_t load_address;
74 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentEntry;
75 
76 typedef struct ComponentHeader {
77     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "zIPL"                    */
78     uint8_t type;       /* == ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_*        */
79     uint8_t reserved[27];
80 } __attribute((packed)) ComponentHeader;
81 
82 typedef struct ScsiMbr {
83     uint8_t magic[4];
84     uint32_t version_id;
85     uint8_t reserved[8];
86     ScsiBlockPtr pt;   /* block pointer to program table */
87 } __attribute__ ((packed)) ScsiMbr;
88 
89 #define ZIPL_MAGIC              "zIPL"
90 #define IPL1_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf1" /* == "IPL1" in EBCDIC */
91 #define IPL2_MAGIC "\xc9\xd7\xd3\xf2" /* == "IPL2" in EBCDIC */
92 #define VOL1_MAGIC "\xe5\xd6\xd3\xf1" /* == "VOL1" in EBCDIC */
93 #define LNX1_MAGIC "\xd3\xd5\xe7\xf1" /* == "LNX1" in EBCDIC */
94 #define CMS1_MAGIC "\xc3\xd4\xe2\xf1" /* == "CMS1" in EBCDIC */
95 
96 #define LDL1_VERSION '\x40' /* == ' ' in EBCDIC */
97 #define LDL2_VERSION '\xf2' /* == '2' in EBCDIC */
98 
99 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_IPL    0x00
100 #define ZIPL_COMP_HEADER_DUMP   0x01
101 
102 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_LOAD    0x02
103 #define ZIPL_COMP_ENTRY_EXEC    0x01
104 
105 typedef struct XEckdMbr {
106     uint8_t magic[4];   /* == "xIPL"        */
107     uint8_t version;
108     uint8_t bp_type;
109     uint8_t dev_type;   /* == DEV_TYPE_*    */
110 #define DEV_TYPE_ECKD 0x00
111 #define DEV_TYPE_FBA  0x01
112     uint8_t flags;
113     BootMapPointer blockptr;
114     uint8_t reserved[8];
115 } __attribute__ ((packed)) XEckdMbr; /* see also BootInfo */
116 
117 typedef struct BootMapScriptEntry {
118     BootMapPointer blkptr;
119     uint8_t pad[7];
120     uint8_t type;   /* == BOOT_SCRIPT_* */
121 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_EXEC 0x01
122 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_LOAD 0x02
123     union {
124         uint64_t load_address;
125         uint64_t load_psw;
126     } address;
127 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptEntry;
128 
129 typedef struct BootMapScriptHeader {
130     uint32_t magic;
131     uint8_t type;
132 #define BOOT_SCRIPT_HDR_IPL 0x00
133     uint8_t reserved[27];
134 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScriptHeader;
135 
136 typedef struct BootMapScript {
137     BootMapScriptHeader header;
138     BootMapScriptEntry  entry[0];
139 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootMapScript;
140 
141 /*
142  * These aren't real VTOCs, but referred to this way in some docs.
143  * They are "volume labels" actually.
144  *
145  * Some structures looks similar to described above, but left
146  * separate as there is no indication that they are the same.
147  * So, the value definitions are left separate too.
148  */
149 typedef struct LDL_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
150     char magic[4];              /* "LNX1", EBCDIC               */
151     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
152     uint8_t reserved[69];       /* reserved, 0x40               */
153     uint8_t LDL_version;        /* 0x40 or 0xF2                 */
154     uint64_t formatted_blocks;  /* if LDL_version >= 0xF2       */
155 } __attribute__ ((packed)) LDL_VTOC;
156 
157 typedef struct format_date {
158     uint8_t YY;
159     uint8_t MM;
160     uint8_t DD;
161     uint8_t hh;
162     uint8_t mm;
163     uint8_t ss;
164 } __attribute__ ((packed)) format_date_t;
165 
166 typedef struct CMS_VTOC {       /* @ rec.3 cyl.0 trk.0 for ECKD */
167                                 /* @ blk.1 (zero based) for FBA */
168     char magic[4];              /* 'CMS1', EBCDIC               */
169     char volser[6];             /* volser, EBCDIC               */
170     uint16_t version;           /* = 0                          */
171     uint32_t block_size;        /* = 512, 1024, 2048, or 4096   */
172     uint32_t disk_origin;       /* = 4 or 5                     */
173     uint32_t blocks;            /* Number of usable cyls/blocks */
174     uint32_t formatted;         /* Max number of fmtd cyls/blks */
175     uint32_t CMS_blocks;        /* disk size in CMS blocks      */
176     uint32_t CMS_used;          /* Number of CMS blocks in use  */
177     uint32_t FST_size;          /* = 64, bytes                  */
178     uint32_t FST_per_CMS_blk;   /*                              */
179     format_date_t format_date;  /* YYMMDDhhmmss as 6 bytes      */
180     uint8_t reserved1[2];       /* = 0                          */
181     uint32_t offset;            /* disk offset when reserved    */
182     uint32_t next_hole;         /* block nr                     */
183     uint32_t HBLK_hole_offset;  /* >> HBLK data of next hole    */
184     uint32_t alloc_map_usr_off; /* >> user part of Alloc map    */
185     uint8_t reserved2[4];       /* = 0                          */
186     char shared_seg_name[8];    /*                              */
187 } __attribute__ ((packed)) CMS_VTOC;
188 
189 /* from zipl/include/boot.h */
190 typedef struct BootInfoBpIpl {
191     union {
192         ExtEckdBlockPtr eckd;
193         ScsiBlockPtr linr;
194     } bm_ptr;
195     uint8_t unused[16];
196 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpIpl;
197 
198 typedef struct EckdDumpParam {
199     uint32_t        start_blk;
200     uint32_t        end_blk;
201     uint16_t        blocksize;
202     uint8_t         num_heads;
203     uint8_t         bpt;
204     char            reserved[4];
205 } __attribute((packed, may_alias)) EckdDumpParam;
206 
207 typedef struct FbaDumpParam {
208     uint64_t        start_blk;
209     uint64_t        blockct;
210 } __attribute((packed)) FbaDumpParam;
211 
212 typedef struct BootInfoBpDump {
213     union {
214         EckdDumpParam eckd;
215         FbaDumpParam fba;
216     } param;
217     uint8_t         unused[16];
218 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfoBpDump;
219 
220 typedef struct BootInfo {          /* @ 0x70, record #0    */
221     unsigned char magic[4]; /* = 'zIPL', ASCII      */
222     uint8_t version;        /* = 1                  */
223 #define BOOT_INFO_VERSION               1
224     uint8_t bp_type;        /* = 0                  */
225 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_IPL           0x00
226 #define BOOT_INFO_BP_TYPE_DUMP          0x01
227     uint8_t dev_type;       /* = 0                  */
228 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_ECKD         0x00
229 #define BOOT_INFO_DEV_TYPE_FBA          0x01
230     uint8_t flags;          /* = 1                  */
231 #ifdef __s390x__
232 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x01
233 #else
234 #define BOOT_INFO_FLAGS_ARCH            0x00
235 #endif
236     union {
237         BootInfoBpDump dump;
238         BootInfoBpIpl ipl;
239     } bp;
240 } __attribute__ ((packed)) BootInfo; /* see also XEckdMbr   */
241 
242 /*
243  * Structs for IPL
244  */
245 #define STAGE2_BLK_CNT_MAX  24 /* Stage 1b can load up to 24 blocks */
246 
247 typedef struct EckdCdlIpl1 {
248     uint8_t key[4]; /* == "IPL1" */
249     uint8_t data[24];
250 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdCdlIpl1;
251 
252 typedef struct EckdCdlIpl2 {
253     uint8_t key[4]; /* == "IPL2" */
254     uint8_t reserved0[88];
255     XEckdMbr mbr;
256     uint8_t reserved[24];
257 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdCdlIpl2;
258 
259 typedef struct EckdLdlIpl1 {
260     uint8_t reserved[112];
261     BootInfo bip; /* BootInfo is MBR for LDL */
262 } __attribute__((packed)) EckdLdlIpl1;
263 
264 typedef struct IplVolumeLabel {
265     unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
266     union {
267         unsigned char data[80];
268         struct {
269             unsigned char key[4]; /* == "VOL1" */
270             unsigned char volser[6];
271             unsigned char reserved[6];
272         } f;
273     };
274 } __attribute__((packed)) IplVolumeLabel;
275 
276 typedef enum {
277     ECKD_NO_IPL,
278     ECKD_CMS,
279     ECKD_LDL,
280     ECKD_LDL_UNLABELED,
281 } ECKD_IPL_mode_t;
282 
283 /* utility code below */
284 
285 static inline void print_volser(const void *volser)
286 {
287     char ascii[8];
288 
289     ebcdic_to_ascii((char *)volser, ascii, 6);
290     ascii[6] = '\0';
291     sclp_print("VOLSER=[");
292     sclp_print(ascii);
293     sclp_print("]\n");
294 }
295 
296 static inline bool unused_space(const void *p, size_t size)
297 {
298     size_t i;
299     const unsigned char *m = p;
300 
301     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
302         if (m[i] != FREE_SPACE_FILLER) {
303             return false;
304         }
305     }
306     return true;
307 }
308 
309 static inline bool is_null_block_number(block_number_t x)
310 {
311     return x == NULL_BLOCK_NR;
312 }
313 
314 static inline void read_block(block_number_t blockno,
315                               void *buffer,
316                               const char *errmsg)
317 {
318     IPL_assert(virtio_read(blockno, buffer) == 0, errmsg);
319 }
320 
321 static inline bool block_size_ok(uint32_t block_size)
322 {
323     return block_size == virtio_get_block_size();
324 }
325 
326 static inline bool magic_match(const void *data, const void *magic)
327 {
328     return *((uint32_t *)data) == *((uint32_t *)magic);
329 }
330 
331 static inline uint32_t iso_733_to_u32(uint64_t x)
332 {
333     return (uint32_t)x;
334 }
335 
336 #define ISO_SECTOR_SIZE 2048
337 /* El Torito specifies boot image size in 512 byte blocks */
338 #define ET_SECTOR_SHIFT 2
339 #define KERN_IMAGE_START 0x010000UL
340 #define PSW_MASK_64 0x0000000100000000ULL
341 #define PSW_MASK_32 0x0000000080000000ULL
342 #define IPL_PSW_MASK (PSW_MASK_32 | PSW_MASK_64)
343 
344 #define ISO_PRIMARY_VD_SECTOR 16
345 
346 static inline void read_iso_sector(uint32_t block_offset, void *buf,
347                                    const char *errmsg)
348 {
349     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, buf, 1) == 0, errmsg);
350 }
351 
352 static inline void read_iso_boot_image(uint32_t block_offset, void *load_addr,
353                                        uint32_t blks_to_load)
354 {
355     IPL_assert(virtio_read_many(block_offset, load_addr, blks_to_load) == 0,
356                "Failed to read boot image!");
357 }
358 
359 const uint8_t el_torito_magic[] = "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION"
360                                   "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";
361 
362 #define ISO9660_MAX_DIR_DEPTH 8
363 
364 typedef struct IsoDirHdr {
365     uint8_t dr_len;
366     uint8_t ear_len;
367     uint64_t ext_loc;
368     uint64_t data_len;
369     uint8_t recording_datetime[7];
370     uint8_t file_flags;
371     uint8_t file_unit_size;
372     uint8_t gap_size;
373     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
374     uint8_t fileid_len;
375 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoDirHdr;
376 
377 typedef struct IsoVdElTorito {
378     uint8_t el_torito[32]; /* must contain el_torito_magic value */
379     uint8_t unused0[32];
380     uint32_t bc_offset;
381     uint8_t unused1[1974];
382 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdElTorito;
383 
384 typedef struct IsoVdPrimary {
385     uint8_t unused1;
386     uint8_t sys_id[32];
387     uint8_t vol_id[32];
388     uint8_t unused2[8];
389     uint64_t vol_space_size;
390     uint8_t unused3[32];
391     uint32_t vol_set_size;
392     uint32_t vol_seqnum;
393     uint32_t log_block_size;
394     uint64_t path_table_size;
395     uint32_t l_path_table;
396     uint32_t opt_l_path_table;
397     uint32_t m_path_table;
398     uint32_t opt_m_path_table;
399     IsoDirHdr rootdir;
400     uint8_t root_null;
401     uint8_t reserved2[1858];
402 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVdPrimary;
403 
404 typedef struct IsoVolDesc {
405     uint8_t type;
406     uint8_t ident[5];
407     uint8_t version;
408     union {
409         IsoVdElTorito boot;
410         IsoVdPrimary primary;
411     } vd;
412 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoVolDesc;
413 
414 const uint8_t vol_desc_magic[] = "CD001";
415 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_BOOT 0
416 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PRIMARY 1
417 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_SUPPLEMENT 2
418 #define VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION 3
419 #define VOL_DESC_TERMINATOR 255
420 
421 static inline bool is_iso_vd_valid(IsoVolDesc *vd)
422 {
423     return !memcmp(&vd->ident[0], vol_desc_magic, 5) &&
424            vd->version == 0x1 &&
425            vd->type <= VOL_DESC_TYPE_PARTITION;
426 }
427 
428 typedef struct IsoBcValid {
429     uint8_t platform_id;
430     uint16_t reserved;
431     uint8_t id[24];
432     uint16_t checksum;
433     uint8_t key[2];
434 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcValid;
435 
436 typedef struct IsoBcSection {
437     uint8_t boot_type;
438     uint16_t load_segment;
439     uint8_t sys_type;
440     uint8_t unused;
441     uint16_t sector_count;
442     uint32_t load_rba;
443     uint8_t selection[20];
444 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcSection;
445 
446 typedef struct IsoBcHdr {
447     uint8_t platform_id;
448     uint16_t sect_num;
449     uint8_t id[28];
450 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcHdr;
451 
452 /*
453  * Match two CCWs located after PSW and eight filler bytes.
454  * From libmagic and arch/s390/kernel/head.S.
455  */
456 const uint8_t linux_s390_magic[] = "\x02\x00\x00\x18\x60\x00\x00\x50\x02\x00"
457                                    "\x00\x68\x60\x00\x00\x50\x40\x40\x40\x40"
458                                    "\x40\x40\x40\x40";
459 
460 typedef struct IsoBcEntry {
461     uint8_t id;
462     union {
463         IsoBcValid valid; /* id == 0x01 */
464         IsoBcSection sect; /* id == 0x88 || id == 0x0 */
465         IsoBcHdr hdr; /* id == 0x90 || id == 0x91 */
466     } body;
467 } __attribute__((packed)) IsoBcEntry;
468 
469 #define ISO_BC_ENTRY_PER_SECTOR (ISO_SECTOR_SIZE / sizeof(IsoBcEntry))
470 #define ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION 0x01
471 #define ISO_BC_BOOTABLE_SECTION 0x88
472 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 0x55
473 #define ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA 0xaa
474 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 0x0
475 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC 0x1
476 #define ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC 0x2
477 
478 static inline bool is_iso_bc_valid(IsoBcEntry *e)
479 {
480     IsoBcValid *v = &e->body.valid;
481 
482     if (e->id != ISO_BC_HDR_VALIDATION) {
483         return false;
484     }
485 
486     if (v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_X86 &&
487         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_PPC &&
488         v->platform_id != ISO_BC_PLATFORM_MAC) {
489         return false;
490     }
491 
492     return v->key[0] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_55 &&
493            v->key[1] == ISO_BC_MAGIC_AA &&
494            v->reserved == 0x0;
495 }
496 
497 #endif /* _PC_BIOS_S390_CCW_BOOTMAP_H */
498