xref: /qemu/scripts/simpletrace.py (revision 27a4a30e)
1#!/usr/bin/env python3
2#
3# Pretty-printer for simple trace backend binary trace files
4#
5# Copyright IBM, Corp. 2010
6#
7# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
8# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
9#
10# For help see docs/devel/tracing.txt
11
12import struct
13import inspect
14from tracetool import read_events, Event
15from tracetool.backend.simple import is_string
16
17header_event_id = 0xffffffffffffffff
18header_magic    = 0xf2b177cb0aa429b4
19dropped_event_id = 0xfffffffffffffffe
20
21record_type_mapping = 0
22record_type_event = 1
23
24log_header_fmt = '=QQQ'
25rec_header_fmt = '=QQII'
26
27def read_header(fobj, hfmt):
28    '''Read a trace record header'''
29    hlen = struct.calcsize(hfmt)
30    hdr = fobj.read(hlen)
31    if len(hdr) != hlen:
32        return None
33    return struct.unpack(hfmt, hdr)
34
35def get_record(edict, idtoname, rechdr, fobj):
36    """Deserialize a trace record from a file into a tuple
37       (name, timestamp, pid, arg1, ..., arg6)."""
38    if rechdr is None:
39        return None
40    if rechdr[0] != dropped_event_id:
41        event_id = rechdr[0]
42        name = idtoname[event_id]
43        rec = (name, rechdr[1], rechdr[3])
44        try:
45            event = edict[name]
46        except KeyError as e:
47            import sys
48            sys.stderr.write('%s event is logged but is not declared ' \
49                             'in the trace events file, try using ' \
50                             'trace-events-all instead.\n' % str(e))
51            sys.exit(1)
52
53        for type, name in event.args:
54            if is_string(type):
55                l = fobj.read(4)
56                (len,) = struct.unpack('=L', l)
57                s = fobj.read(len)
58                rec = rec + (s,)
59            else:
60                (value,) = struct.unpack('=Q', fobj.read(8))
61                rec = rec + (value,)
62    else:
63        rec = ("dropped", rechdr[1], rechdr[3])
64        (value,) = struct.unpack('=Q', fobj.read(8))
65        rec = rec + (value,)
66    return rec
67
68def get_mapping(fobj):
69    (event_id, ) = struct.unpack('=Q', fobj.read(8))
70    (len, ) = struct.unpack('=L', fobj.read(4))
71    name = fobj.read(len).decode()
72
73    return (event_id, name)
74
75def read_record(edict, idtoname, fobj):
76    """Deserialize a trace record from a file into a tuple (event_num, timestamp, pid, arg1, ..., arg6)."""
77    rechdr = read_header(fobj, rec_header_fmt)
78    return get_record(edict, idtoname, rechdr, fobj)
79
80def read_trace_header(fobj):
81    """Read and verify trace file header"""
82    header = read_header(fobj, log_header_fmt)
83    if header is None:
84        raise ValueError('Not a valid trace file!')
85    if header[0] != header_event_id:
86        raise ValueError('Not a valid trace file, header id %d != %d' %
87                         (header[0], header_event_id))
88    if header[1] != header_magic:
89        raise ValueError('Not a valid trace file, header magic %d != %d' %
90                         (header[1], header_magic))
91
92    log_version = header[2]
93    if log_version not in [0, 2, 3, 4]:
94        raise ValueError('Unknown version of tracelog format!')
95    if log_version != 4:
96        raise ValueError('Log format %d not supported with this QEMU release!'
97                         % log_version)
98
99def read_trace_records(edict, idtoname, fobj):
100    """Deserialize trace records from a file, yielding record tuples (event_num, timestamp, pid, arg1, ..., arg6).
101
102    Note that `idtoname` is modified if the file contains mapping records.
103
104    Args:
105        edict (str -> Event): events dict, indexed by name
106        idtoname (int -> str): event names dict, indexed by event ID
107        fobj (file): input file
108
109    """
110    while True:
111        t = fobj.read(8)
112        if len(t) == 0:
113            break
114
115        (rectype, ) = struct.unpack('=Q', t)
116        if rectype == record_type_mapping:
117            event_id, name = get_mapping(fobj)
118            idtoname[event_id] = name
119        else:
120            rec = read_record(edict, idtoname, fobj)
121
122            yield rec
123
124class Analyzer(object):
125    """A trace file analyzer which processes trace records.
126
127    An analyzer can be passed to run() or process().  The begin() method is
128    invoked, then each trace record is processed, and finally the end() method
129    is invoked.
130
131    If a method matching a trace event name exists, it is invoked to process
132    that trace record.  Otherwise the catchall() method is invoked.
133
134    Example:
135    The following method handles the runstate_set(int new_state) trace event::
136
137      def runstate_set(self, new_state):
138          ...
139
140    The method can also take a timestamp argument before the trace event
141    arguments::
142
143      def runstate_set(self, timestamp, new_state):
144          ...
145
146    Timestamps have the uint64_t type and are in nanoseconds.
147
148    The pid can be included in addition to the timestamp and is useful when
149    dealing with traces from multiple processes::
150
151      def runstate_set(self, timestamp, pid, new_state):
152          ...
153    """
154
155    def begin(self):
156        """Called at the start of the trace."""
157        pass
158
159    def catchall(self, event, rec):
160        """Called if no specific method for processing a trace event has been found."""
161        pass
162
163    def end(self):
164        """Called at the end of the trace."""
165        pass
166
167def process(events, log, analyzer, read_header=True):
168    """Invoke an analyzer on each event in a log."""
169    if isinstance(events, str):
170        events = read_events(open(events, 'r'), events)
171    if isinstance(log, str):
172        log = open(log, 'rb')
173
174    if read_header:
175        read_trace_header(log)
176
177    dropped_event = Event.build("Dropped_Event(uint64_t num_events_dropped)")
178    edict = {"dropped": dropped_event}
179    idtoname = {dropped_event_id: "dropped"}
180
181    for event in events:
182        edict[event.name] = event
183
184    # If there is no header assume event ID mapping matches events list
185    if not read_header:
186        for event_id, event in enumerate(events):
187            idtoname[event_id] = event.name
188
189    def build_fn(analyzer, event):
190        if isinstance(event, str):
191            return analyzer.catchall
192
193        fn = getattr(analyzer, event.name, None)
194        if fn is None:
195            return analyzer.catchall
196
197        event_argcount = len(event.args)
198        fn_argcount = len(inspect.getargspec(fn)[0]) - 1
199        if fn_argcount == event_argcount + 1:
200            # Include timestamp as first argument
201            return lambda _, rec: fn(*(rec[1:2] + rec[3:3 + event_argcount]))
202        elif fn_argcount == event_argcount + 2:
203            # Include timestamp and pid
204            return lambda _, rec: fn(*rec[1:3 + event_argcount])
205        else:
206            # Just arguments, no timestamp or pid
207            return lambda _, rec: fn(*rec[3:3 + event_argcount])
208
209    analyzer.begin()
210    fn_cache = {}
211    for rec in read_trace_records(edict, idtoname, log):
212        event_num = rec[0]
213        event = edict[event_num]
214        if event_num not in fn_cache:
215            fn_cache[event_num] = build_fn(analyzer, event)
216        fn_cache[event_num](event, rec)
217    analyzer.end()
218
219def run(analyzer):
220    """Execute an analyzer on a trace file given on the command-line.
221
222    This function is useful as a driver for simple analysis scripts.  More
223    advanced scripts will want to call process() instead."""
224    import sys
225
226    read_header = True
227    if len(sys.argv) == 4 and sys.argv[1] == '--no-header':
228        read_header = False
229        del sys.argv[1]
230    elif len(sys.argv) != 3:
231        sys.stderr.write('usage: %s [--no-header] <trace-events> ' \
232                         '<trace-file>\n' % sys.argv[0])
233        sys.exit(1)
234
235    events = read_events(open(sys.argv[1], 'r'), sys.argv[1])
236    process(events, sys.argv[2], analyzer, read_header=read_header)
237
238if __name__ == '__main__':
239    class Formatter(Analyzer):
240        def __init__(self):
241            self.last_timestamp = None
242
243        def catchall(self, event, rec):
244            timestamp = rec[1]
245            if self.last_timestamp is None:
246                self.last_timestamp = timestamp
247            delta_ns = timestamp - self.last_timestamp
248            self.last_timestamp = timestamp
249
250            fields = [event.name, '%0.3f' % (delta_ns / 1000.0),
251                      'pid=%d' % rec[2]]
252            i = 3
253            for type, name in event.args:
254                if is_string(type):
255                    fields.append('%s=%s' % (name, rec[i]))
256                else:
257                    fields.append('%s=0x%x' % (name, rec[i]))
258                i += 1
259            print(' '.join(fields))
260
261    run(Formatter())
262