xref: /qemu/tests/vm/basevm.py (revision d5938f29) 
1#!/usr/bin/env python
2#
3# VM testing base class
4#
5# Copyright 2017-2019 Red Hat Inc.
6#
7# Authors:
8#  Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
9#  Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
10#
11# This code is licensed under the GPL version 2 or later.  See
12# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
13#
14
15from __future__ import print_function
16import os
17import re
18import sys
19import socket
20import logging
21import time
22import datetime
23sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..', 'python'))
24from qemu import kvm_available
25from qemu.machine import QEMUMachine
26import subprocess
27import hashlib
28import optparse
29import atexit
30import tempfile
31import shutil
32import multiprocessing
33import traceback
34
35SSH_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
36               "..", "keys", "id_rsa")).read()
37SSH_PUB_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
38                   "..", "keys", "id_rsa.pub")).read()
39
40class BaseVM(object):
41    GUEST_USER = "qemu"
42    GUEST_PASS = "qemupass"
43    ROOT_PASS = "qemupass"
44
45    envvars = [
46        "https_proxy",
47        "http_proxy",
48        "ftp_proxy",
49        "no_proxy",
50    ]
51
52    # The script to run in the guest that builds QEMU
53    BUILD_SCRIPT = ""
54    # The guest name, to be overridden by subclasses
55    name = "#base"
56    # The guest architecture, to be overridden by subclasses
57    arch = "#arch"
58    # command to halt the guest, can be overridden by subclasses
59    poweroff = "poweroff"
60    def __init__(self, debug=False, vcpus=None):
61        self._guest = None
62        self._tmpdir = os.path.realpath(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="vm-test-",
63                                                         suffix=".tmp",
64                                                         dir="."))
65        atexit.register(shutil.rmtree, self._tmpdir)
66
67        self._ssh_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa")
68        open(self._ssh_key_file, "w").write(SSH_KEY)
69        subprocess.check_call(["chmod", "600", self._ssh_key_file])
70
71        self._ssh_pub_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa.pub")
72        open(self._ssh_pub_key_file, "w").write(SSH_PUB_KEY)
73
74        self.debug = debug
75        self._stderr = sys.stderr
76        self._devnull = open(os.devnull, "w")
77        if self.debug:
78            self._stdout = sys.stdout
79        else:
80            self._stdout = self._devnull
81        self._args = [ \
82            "-nodefaults", "-m", "4G",
83            "-cpu", "max",
84            "-netdev", "user,id=vnet,hostfwd=:127.0.0.1:0-:22",
85            "-device", "virtio-net-pci,netdev=vnet",
86            "-vnc", "127.0.0.1:0,to=20"]
87        if vcpus and vcpus > 1:
88            self._args += ["-smp", "%d" % vcpus]
89        if kvm_available(self.arch):
90            self._args += ["-enable-kvm"]
91        else:
92            logging.info("KVM not available, not using -enable-kvm")
93        self._data_args = []
94
95    def _download_with_cache(self, url, sha256sum=None):
96        def check_sha256sum(fname):
97            if not sha256sum:
98                return True
99            checksum = subprocess.check_output(["sha256sum", fname]).split()[0]
100            return sha256sum == checksum.decode("utf-8")
101
102        cache_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache/qemu-vm/download")
103        if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):
104            os.makedirs(cache_dir)
105        fname = os.path.join(cache_dir,
106                             hashlib.sha1(url.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest())
107        if os.path.exists(fname) and check_sha256sum(fname):
108            return fname
109        logging.debug("Downloading %s to %s...", url, fname)
110        subprocess.check_call(["wget", "-c", url, "-O", fname + ".download"],
111                              stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
112        os.rename(fname + ".download", fname)
113        return fname
114
115    def _ssh_do(self, user, cmd, check):
116        ssh_cmd = ["ssh", "-q", "-t",
117                   "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no",
118                   "-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=" + os.devnull,
119                   "-o", "ConnectTimeout=1",
120                   "-p", self.ssh_port, "-i", self._ssh_key_file]
121        for var in self.envvars:
122            ssh_cmd += ['-o', "SendEnv=%s" % var ]
123        assert not isinstance(cmd, str)
124        ssh_cmd += ["%s@127.0.0.1" % user] + list(cmd)
125        logging.debug("ssh_cmd: %s", " ".join(ssh_cmd))
126        r = subprocess.call(ssh_cmd)
127        if check and r != 0:
128            raise Exception("SSH command failed: %s" % cmd)
129        return r
130
131    def ssh(self, *cmd):
132        return self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, False)
133
134    def ssh_root(self, *cmd):
135        return self._ssh_do("root", cmd, False)
136
137    def ssh_check(self, *cmd):
138        self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, True)
139
140    def ssh_root_check(self, *cmd):
141        self._ssh_do("root", cmd, True)
142
143    def build_image(self, img):
144        raise NotImplementedError
145
146    def add_source_dir(self, src_dir):
147        name = "data-" + hashlib.sha1(src_dir.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:5]
148        tarfile = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, name + ".tar")
149        logging.debug("Creating archive %s for src_dir dir: %s", tarfile, src_dir)
150        subprocess.check_call(["./scripts/archive-source.sh", tarfile],
151                              cwd=src_dir, stdin=self._devnull,
152                              stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
153        self._data_args += ["-drive",
154                            "file=%s,if=none,id=%s,cache=writeback,format=raw" % \
155                                    (tarfile, name),
156                            "-device",
157                            "virtio-blk,drive=%s,serial=%s,bootindex=1" % (name, name)]
158
159    def boot(self, img, extra_args=[]):
160        args = self._args + [
161            "-device", "VGA",
162            "-drive", "file=%s,if=none,id=drive0,cache=writeback" % img,
163            "-device", "virtio-blk,drive=drive0,bootindex=0"]
164        args += self._data_args + extra_args
165        logging.debug("QEMU args: %s", " ".join(args))
166        qemu_bin = os.environ.get("QEMU", "qemu-system-" + self.arch)
167        guest = QEMUMachine(binary=qemu_bin, args=args)
168        guest.set_machine('pc')
169        guest.set_console()
170        try:
171            guest.launch()
172        except:
173            logging.error("Failed to launch QEMU, command line:")
174            logging.error(" ".join([qemu_bin] + args))
175            logging.error("Log:")
176            logging.error(guest.get_log())
177            logging.error("QEMU version >= 2.10 is required")
178            raise
179        atexit.register(self.shutdown)
180        self._guest = guest
181        usernet_info = guest.qmp("human-monitor-command",
182                                 command_line="info usernet")
183        self.ssh_port = None
184        for l in usernet_info["return"].splitlines():
185            fields = l.split()
186            if "TCP[HOST_FORWARD]" in fields and "22" in fields:
187                self.ssh_port = l.split()[3]
188        if not self.ssh_port:
189            raise Exception("Cannot find ssh port from 'info usernet':\n%s" % \
190                            usernet_info)
191
192    def console_init(self, timeout = 120):
193        vm = self._guest
194        vm.console_socket.settimeout(timeout)
195
196    def console_log(self, text):
197        for line in re.split("[\r\n]", text):
198            # filter out terminal escape sequences
199            line = re.sub("\x1b\[[0-9;?]*[a-zA-Z]", "", line)
200            line = re.sub("\x1b\([0-9;?]*[a-zA-Z]", "", line)
201            # replace unprintable chars
202            line = re.sub("\x1b", "<esc>", line)
203            line = re.sub("[\x00-\x1f]", ".", line)
204            line = re.sub("[\x80-\xff]", ".", line)
205            if line == "":
206                continue
207            # log console line
208            sys.stderr.write("con recv: %s\n" % line)
209
210    def console_wait(self, expect, expectalt = None):
211        vm = self._guest
212        output = ""
213        while True:
214            try:
215                chars = vm.console_socket.recv(1)
216            except socket.timeout:
217                sys.stderr.write("console: *** read timeout ***\n")
218                sys.stderr.write("console: waiting for: '%s'\n" % expect)
219                if not expectalt is None:
220                    sys.stderr.write("console: waiting for: '%s' (alt)\n" % expectalt)
221                sys.stderr.write("console: line buffer:\n")
222                sys.stderr.write("\n")
223                self.console_log(output.rstrip())
224                sys.stderr.write("\n")
225                raise
226            output += chars.decode("latin1")
227            if expect in output:
228                break
229            if not expectalt is None and expectalt in output:
230                break
231            if "\r" in output or "\n" in output:
232                lines = re.split("[\r\n]", output)
233                output = lines.pop()
234                if self.debug:
235                    self.console_log("\n".join(lines))
236        if self.debug:
237            self.console_log(output)
238        if not expectalt is None and expectalt in output:
239            return False
240        return True
241
242    def console_send(self, command):
243        vm = self._guest
244        if self.debug:
245            logline = re.sub("\n", "<enter>", command)
246            logline = re.sub("[\x00-\x1f]", ".", logline)
247            sys.stderr.write("con send: %s\n" % logline)
248        for char in list(command):
249            vm.console_socket.send(char.encode("utf-8"))
250            time.sleep(0.01)
251
252    def console_wait_send(self, wait, command):
253        self.console_wait(wait)
254        self.console_send(command)
255
256    def console_ssh_init(self, prompt, user, pw):
257        sshkey_cmd = "echo '%s' > .ssh/authorized_keys\n" % SSH_PUB_KEY.rstrip()
258        self.console_wait_send("login:",    "%s\n" % user)
259        self.console_wait_send("Password:", "%s\n" % pw)
260        self.console_wait_send(prompt,      "mkdir .ssh\n")
261        self.console_wait_send(prompt,      sshkey_cmd)
262        self.console_wait_send(prompt,      "chmod 755 .ssh\n")
263        self.console_wait_send(prompt,      "chmod 644 .ssh/authorized_keys\n")
264
265    def console_sshd_config(self, prompt):
266        self.console_wait(prompt)
267        self.console_send("echo 'PermitRootLogin yes' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n")
268        for var in self.envvars:
269            self.console_wait(prompt)
270            self.console_send("echo 'AcceptEnv %s' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n" % var)
271
272    def print_step(self, text):
273        sys.stderr.write("### %s ...\n" % text)
274
275    def wait_ssh(self, seconds=300):
276        starttime = datetime.datetime.now()
277        endtime = starttime + datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
278        guest_up = False
279        while datetime.datetime.now() < endtime:
280            if self.ssh("exit 0") == 0:
281                guest_up = True
282                break
283            seconds = (endtime - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds()
284            logging.debug("%ds before timeout", seconds)
285            time.sleep(1)
286        if not guest_up:
287            raise Exception("Timeout while waiting for guest ssh")
288
289    def shutdown(self):
290        self._guest.shutdown()
291
292    def wait(self):
293        self._guest.wait()
294
295    def graceful_shutdown(self):
296        self.ssh_root(self.poweroff)
297        self._guest.wait()
298
299    def qmp(self, *args, **kwargs):
300        return self._guest.qmp(*args, **kwargs)
301
302def parse_args(vmcls):
303
304    def get_default_jobs():
305        if kvm_available(vmcls.arch):
306            return multiprocessing.cpu_count() // 2
307        else:
308            return 1
309
310    parser = optparse.OptionParser(
311        description="VM test utility.  Exit codes: "
312                    "0 = success, "
313                    "1 = command line error, "
314                    "2 = environment initialization failed, "
315                    "3 = test command failed")
316    parser.add_option("--debug", "-D", action="store_true",
317                      help="enable debug output")
318    parser.add_option("--image", "-i", default="%s.img" % vmcls.name,
319                      help="image file name")
320    parser.add_option("--force", "-f", action="store_true",
321                      help="force build image even if image exists")
322    parser.add_option("--jobs", type=int, default=get_default_jobs(),
323                      help="number of virtual CPUs")
324    parser.add_option("--verbose", "-V", action="store_true",
325                      help="Pass V=1 to builds within the guest")
326    parser.add_option("--build-image", "-b", action="store_true",
327                      help="build image")
328    parser.add_option("--build-qemu",
329                      help="build QEMU from source in guest")
330    parser.add_option("--build-target",
331                      help="QEMU build target", default="check")
332    parser.add_option("--interactive", "-I", action="store_true",
333                      help="Interactively run command")
334    parser.add_option("--snapshot", "-s", action="store_true",
335                      help="run tests with a snapshot")
336    parser.disable_interspersed_args()
337    return parser.parse_args()
338
339def main(vmcls):
340    try:
341        args, argv = parse_args(vmcls)
342        if not argv and not args.build_qemu and not args.build_image:
343            print("Nothing to do?")
344            return 1
345        logging.basicConfig(level=(logging.DEBUG if args.debug
346                                   else logging.WARN))
347        vm = vmcls(debug=args.debug, vcpus=args.jobs)
348        if args.build_image:
349            if os.path.exists(args.image) and not args.force:
350                sys.stderr.writelines(["Image file exists: %s\n" % args.image,
351                                      "Use --force option to overwrite\n"])
352                return 1
353            return vm.build_image(args.image)
354        if args.build_qemu:
355            vm.add_source_dir(args.build_qemu)
356            cmd = [vm.BUILD_SCRIPT.format(
357                   configure_opts = " ".join(argv),
358                   jobs=int(args.jobs),
359                   target=args.build_target,
360                   verbose = "V=1" if args.verbose else "")]
361        else:
362            cmd = argv
363        img = args.image
364        if args.snapshot:
365            img += ",snapshot=on"
366        vm.boot(img)
367        vm.wait_ssh()
368    except Exception as e:
369        if isinstance(e, SystemExit) and e.code == 0:
370            return 0
371        sys.stderr.write("Failed to prepare guest environment\n")
372        traceback.print_exc()
373        return 2
374
375    exitcode = 0
376    if vm.ssh(*cmd) != 0:
377        exitcode = 3
378    if exitcode != 0 and args.interactive:
379        vm.ssh()
380
381    if not args.snapshot:
382        vm.graceful_shutdown()
383
384    return exitcode
385