xref: /qemu/tests/vm/basevm.py (revision dd154c4d) 
1#!/usr/bin/env python
2#
3# VM testing base class
4#
5# Copyright 2017 Red Hat Inc.
6#
7# Authors:
8#  Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
9#
10# This code is licensed under the GPL version 2 or later.  See
11# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
12#
13
14from __future__ import print_function
15import os
16import sys
17import logging
18import time
19import datetime
20sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..', 'python'))
21from qemu import QEMUMachine, kvm_available
22import subprocess
23import hashlib
24import optparse
25import atexit
26import tempfile
27import shutil
28import multiprocessing
29import traceback
30
31SSH_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
32               "..", "keys", "id_rsa")).read()
33SSH_PUB_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
34                   "..", "keys", "id_rsa.pub")).read()
35
36class BaseVM(object):
37    GUEST_USER = "qemu"
38    GUEST_PASS = "qemupass"
39    ROOT_PASS = "qemupass"
40
41    # The script to run in the guest that builds QEMU
42    BUILD_SCRIPT = ""
43    # The guest name, to be overridden by subclasses
44    name = "#base"
45    # The guest architecture, to be overridden by subclasses
46    arch = "#arch"
47    def __init__(self, debug=False, vcpus=None):
48        self._guest = None
49        self._tmpdir = os.path.realpath(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="vm-test-",
50                                                         suffix=".tmp",
51                                                         dir="."))
52        atexit.register(shutil.rmtree, self._tmpdir)
53
54        self._ssh_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa")
55        open(self._ssh_key_file, "w").write(SSH_KEY)
56        subprocess.check_call(["chmod", "600", self._ssh_key_file])
57
58        self._ssh_pub_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa.pub")
59        open(self._ssh_pub_key_file, "w").write(SSH_PUB_KEY)
60
61        self.debug = debug
62        self._stderr = sys.stderr
63        self._devnull = open(os.devnull, "w")
64        if self.debug:
65            self._stdout = sys.stdout
66        else:
67            self._stdout = self._devnull
68        self._args = [ \
69            "-nodefaults", "-m", "4G",
70            "-cpu", "max",
71            "-netdev", "user,id=vnet,hostfwd=:127.0.0.1:0-:22",
72            "-device", "virtio-net-pci,netdev=vnet",
73            "-vnc", "127.0.0.1:0,to=20",
74            "-serial", "file:%s" % os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "serial.out")]
75        if vcpus and vcpus > 1:
76            self._args += ["-smp", str(vcpus)]
77        if kvm_available(self.arch):
78            self._args += ["-enable-kvm"]
79        else:
80            logging.info("KVM not available, not using -enable-kvm")
81        self._data_args = []
82
83    def _download_with_cache(self, url, sha256sum=None):
84        def check_sha256sum(fname):
85            if not sha256sum:
86                return True
87            checksum = subprocess.check_output(["sha256sum", fname]).split()[0]
88            return sha256sum == checksum
89
90        cache_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache/qemu-vm/download")
91        if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):
92            os.makedirs(cache_dir)
93        fname = os.path.join(cache_dir, hashlib.sha1(url).hexdigest())
94        if os.path.exists(fname) and check_sha256sum(fname):
95            return fname
96        logging.debug("Downloading %s to %s...", url, fname)
97        subprocess.check_call(["wget", "-c", url, "-O", fname + ".download"],
98                              stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
99        os.rename(fname + ".download", fname)
100        return fname
101
102    def _ssh_do(self, user, cmd, check, interactive=False):
103        ssh_cmd = ["ssh", "-q",
104                   "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no",
105                   "-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=" + os.devnull,
106                   "-o", "ConnectTimeout=1",
107                   "-p", self.ssh_port, "-i", self._ssh_key_file]
108        if interactive:
109            ssh_cmd += ['-t']
110        assert not isinstance(cmd, str)
111        ssh_cmd += ["%s@127.0.0.1" % user] + list(cmd)
112        logging.debug("ssh_cmd: %s", " ".join(ssh_cmd))
113        r = subprocess.call(ssh_cmd)
114        if check and r != 0:
115            raise Exception("SSH command failed: %s" % cmd)
116        return r
117
118    def ssh(self, *cmd):
119        return self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, False)
120
121    def ssh_interactive(self, *cmd):
122        return self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, False, True)
123
124    def ssh_root(self, *cmd):
125        return self._ssh_do("root", cmd, False)
126
127    def ssh_check(self, *cmd):
128        self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, True)
129
130    def ssh_root_check(self, *cmd):
131        self._ssh_do("root", cmd, True)
132
133    def build_image(self, img):
134        raise NotImplementedError
135
136    def add_source_dir(self, src_dir):
137        name = "data-" + hashlib.sha1(src_dir).hexdigest()[:5]
138        tarfile = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, name + ".tar")
139        logging.debug("Creating archive %s for src_dir dir: %s", tarfile, src_dir)
140        subprocess.check_call(["./scripts/archive-source.sh", tarfile],
141                              cwd=src_dir, stdin=self._devnull,
142                              stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
143        self._data_args += ["-drive",
144                            "file=%s,if=none,id=%s,cache=writeback,format=raw" % \
145                                    (tarfile, name),
146                            "-device",
147                            "virtio-blk,drive=%s,serial=%s,bootindex=1" % (name, name)]
148
149    def boot(self, img, extra_args=[]):
150        args = self._args + [
151            "-device", "VGA",
152            "-drive", "file=%s,if=none,id=drive0,cache=writeback" % img,
153            "-device", "virtio-blk,drive=drive0,bootindex=0"]
154        args += self._data_args + extra_args
155        logging.debug("QEMU args: %s", " ".join(args))
156        qemu_bin = os.environ.get("QEMU", "qemu-system-" + self.arch)
157        guest = QEMUMachine(binary=qemu_bin, args=args)
158        try:
159            guest.launch()
160        except:
161            logging.error("Failed to launch QEMU, command line:")
162            logging.error(" ".join([qemu_bin] + args))
163            logging.error("Log:")
164            logging.error(guest.get_log())
165            logging.error("QEMU version >= 2.10 is required")
166            raise
167        atexit.register(self.shutdown)
168        self._guest = guest
169        usernet_info = guest.qmp("human-monitor-command",
170                                 command_line="info usernet")
171        self.ssh_port = None
172        for l in usernet_info["return"].splitlines():
173            fields = l.split()
174            if "TCP[HOST_FORWARD]" in fields and "22" in fields:
175                self.ssh_port = l.split()[3]
176        if not self.ssh_port:
177            raise Exception("Cannot find ssh port from 'info usernet':\n%s" % \
178                            usernet_info)
179
180    def wait_ssh(self, seconds=300):
181        starttime = datetime.datetime.now()
182        endtime = starttime + datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
183        guest_up = False
184        while datetime.datetime.now() < endtime:
185            if self.ssh("exit 0") == 0:
186                guest_up = True
187                break
188            seconds = (endtime - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds()
189            logging.debug("%ds before timeout", seconds)
190            time.sleep(1)
191        if not guest_up:
192            raise Exception("Timeout while waiting for guest ssh")
193
194    def shutdown(self):
195        self._guest.shutdown()
196
197    def wait(self):
198        self._guest.wait()
199
200    def qmp(self, *args, **kwargs):
201        return self._guest.qmp(*args, **kwargs)
202
203def parse_args(vmcls):
204
205    def get_default_jobs():
206        if kvm_available(vmcls.arch):
207            return multiprocessing.cpu_count() / 2
208        else:
209            return 1
210
211    parser = optparse.OptionParser(
212        description="VM test utility.  Exit codes: "
213                    "0 = success, "
214                    "1 = command line error, "
215                    "2 = environment initialization failed, "
216                    "3 = test command failed")
217    parser.add_option("--debug", "-D", action="store_true",
218                      help="enable debug output")
219    parser.add_option("--image", "-i", default="%s.img" % vmcls.name,
220                      help="image file name")
221    parser.add_option("--force", "-f", action="store_true",
222                      help="force build image even if image exists")
223    parser.add_option("--jobs", type=int, default=get_default_jobs(),
224                      help="number of virtual CPUs")
225    parser.add_option("--verbose", "-V", action="store_true",
226                      help="Pass V=1 to builds within the guest")
227    parser.add_option("--build-image", "-b", action="store_true",
228                      help="build image")
229    parser.add_option("--build-qemu",
230                      help="build QEMU from source in guest")
231    parser.add_option("--build-target",
232                      help="QEMU build target", default="check")
233    parser.add_option("--interactive", "-I", action="store_true",
234                      help="Interactively run command")
235    parser.add_option("--snapshot", "-s", action="store_true",
236                      help="run tests with a snapshot")
237    parser.disable_interspersed_args()
238    return parser.parse_args()
239
240def main(vmcls):
241    try:
242        args, argv = parse_args(vmcls)
243        if not argv and not args.build_qemu and not args.build_image:
244            print("Nothing to do?")
245            return 1
246        logging.basicConfig(level=(logging.DEBUG if args.debug
247                                   else logging.WARN))
248        vm = vmcls(debug=args.debug, vcpus=args.jobs)
249        if args.build_image:
250            if os.path.exists(args.image) and not args.force:
251                sys.stderr.writelines(["Image file exists: %s\n" % args.image,
252                                      "Use --force option to overwrite\n"])
253                return 1
254            return vm.build_image(args.image)
255        if args.build_qemu:
256            vm.add_source_dir(args.build_qemu)
257            cmd = [vm.BUILD_SCRIPT.format(
258                   configure_opts = " ".join(argv),
259                   jobs=args.jobs,
260                   target=args.build_target,
261                   verbose = "V=1" if args.verbose else "")]
262        else:
263            cmd = argv
264        img = args.image
265        if args.snapshot:
266            img += ",snapshot=on"
267        vm.boot(img)
268        vm.wait_ssh()
269    except Exception as e:
270        if isinstance(e, SystemExit) and e.code == 0:
271            return 0
272        sys.stderr.write("Failed to prepare guest environment\n")
273        traceback.print_exc()
274        return 2
275
276    if args.interactive:
277        if vm.ssh_interactive(*cmd) == 0:
278            return 0
279        vm.ssh_interactive()
280        return 3
281    else:
282        if vm.ssh(*cmd) != 0:
283            return 3
284