xref: /reactos/ntoskrnl/include/internal/i386/ke.h (revision 682f85ad)
1 #pragma once
2 
3 #ifndef __ASM__
4 
5 #include "intrin_i.h"
6 
7 //
8 // Thread Dispatcher Header DebugActive Mask
9 //
10 #define DR_MASK(x)                              (1 << (x))
11 #define DR_REG_MASK                             0x4F
12 
13 //
14 // INT3 is 1 byte long
15 //
16 #define KD_BREAKPOINT_TYPE        UCHAR
17 #define KD_BREAKPOINT_SIZE        sizeof(UCHAR)
18 #define KD_BREAKPOINT_VALUE       0xCC
19 
20 //
21 // Macros for getting and setting special purpose registers in portable code
22 //
23 #define KeGetContextPc(Context) \
24     ((Context)->Eip)
25 
26 #define KeSetContextPc(Context, ProgramCounter) \
27     ((Context)->Eip = (ProgramCounter))
28 
29 #define KeGetTrapFramePc(TrapFrame) \
30     ((TrapFrame)->Eip)
31 
32 #define KiGetLinkedTrapFrame(x) \
33     (PKTRAP_FRAME)((x)->Edx)
34 
35 #define KeGetContextReturnRegister(Context) \
36     ((Context)->Eax)
37 
38 #define KeSetContextReturnRegister(Context, ReturnValue) \
39     ((Context)->Eax = (ReturnValue))
40 
41 //
42 // Macro to get trap and exception frame from a thread stack
43 //
44 #define KeGetTrapFrame(Thread) \
45     (PKTRAP_FRAME)((ULONG_PTR)((Thread)->InitialStack) - \
46                    sizeof(KTRAP_FRAME) - \
47                    sizeof(FX_SAVE_AREA))
48 
49 #define KeGetExceptionFrame(Thread) \
50     NULL
51 
52 //
53 // Macro to get context switches from the PRCB
54 // All architectures but x86 have it in the PRCB's KeContextSwitches
55 //
56 #define KeGetContextSwitches(Prcb)  \
57     CONTAINING_RECORD(Prcb, KIPCR, PrcbData)->ContextSwitches
58 
59 //
60 // Macro to get the second level cache size field name which differs between
61 // CISC and RISC architectures, as the former has unified I/D cache
62 //
63 #define KiGetSecondLevelDCacheSize() ((PKIPCR)KeGetPcr())->SecondLevelCacheSize
64 
65 //
66 // Returns the Interrupt State from a Trap Frame.
67 // ON = TRUE, OFF = FALSE
68 //
69 #define KeGetTrapFrameInterruptState(TrapFrame) \
70         BooleanFlagOn((TrapFrame)->EFlags, EFLAGS_INTERRUPT_MASK)
71 
72 //
73 // Flags for exiting a trap
74 //
75 #define KTE_SKIP_PM_BIT  (((KTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS) { { .SkipPreviousMode = TRUE } }).Bits)
76 #define KTE_SKIP_SEG_BIT (((KTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS) { { .SkipSegments  = TRUE } }).Bits)
77 #define KTE_SKIP_VOL_BIT (((KTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS) { { .SkipVolatiles = TRUE } }).Bits)
78 
79 typedef union _KTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS
80 {
81     struct
82     {
83         UCHAR SkipPreviousMode:1;
84         UCHAR SkipSegments:1;
85         UCHAR SkipVolatiles:1;
86         UCHAR Reserved:5;
87     };
88     UCHAR Bits;
89 } KTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS, *PKTRAP_EXIT_SKIP_BITS;
90 
91 
92 //
93 // Flags used by the VDM/V8086 emulation engine for determining instruction prefixes
94 //
95 #define PFX_FLAG_ES                0x00000100
96 #define PFX_FLAG_CS                0x00000200
97 #define PFX_FLAG_SS                0x00000400
98 #define PFX_FLAG_DS                0x00000800
99 #define PFX_FLAG_FS                0x00001000
100 #define PFX_FLAG_GS                0x00002000
101 #define PFX_FLAG_OPER32            0x00004000
102 #define PFX_FLAG_ADDR32            0x00008000
103 #define PFX_FLAG_LOCK              0x00010000
104 #define PFX_FLAG_REPNE             0x00020000
105 #define PFX_FLAG_REP               0x00040000
106 
107 //
108 // VDM Helper Macros
109 //
110 // All VDM/V8086 opcode emulators have the same FASTCALL function definition.
111 // We need to keep 2 parameters while the original ASM implementation uses 4:
112 // TrapFrame, PrefixFlags, Eip, InstructionSize;
113 //
114 // We pass the trap frame, and prefix flags, in our two parameters.
115 //
116 // We then realize that since the smallest prefix flag is 0x100, this gives us
117 // a count of up to 0xFF. So we OR in the instruction size with the prefix flags
118 //
119 // We further realize that we always have access to EIP from the trap frame, and
120 // that if we want the *current instruction* EIP, we simply have to add the
121 // instruction size *MINUS ONE*, and that gives us the EIP we should be looking
122 // at now, so we don't need to use the stack to push this parameter.
123 //
124 // We actually only care about the *current instruction* EIP in one location,
125 // so although it may be slightly more expensive to re-calculate the EIP one
126 // more time, this way we don't redefine ALL opcode handlers to have 3 parameters,
127 // which would be forcing stack usage in all other scenarios.
128 //
129 #define KiVdmSetVdmEFlags(x)        InterlockedOr((PLONG)KiNtVdmState, (x));
130 #define KiVdmClearVdmEFlags(x)      InterlockedAnd((PLONG)KiNtVdmState, ~(x))
131 #define KiCallVdmHandler(x)         KiVdmOpcode##x(TrapFrame, Flags)
132 #define KiCallVdmPrefixHandler(x)   KiVdmOpcodePrefix(TrapFrame, Flags | x)
133 #define KiVdmUnhandledOpcode(x)                     \
134     BOOLEAN                                         \
135     FASTCALL                                        \
136     KiVdmOpcode##x(IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame,       \
137                    IN ULONG Flags)                  \
138     {                                               \
139         /* Not yet handled */                       \
140         UNIMPLEMENTED_DBGBREAK();                   \
141         return FALSE;                               \
142     }
143 
144 C_ASSERT(NPX_FRAME_LENGTH == sizeof(FX_SAVE_AREA));
145 
146 //
147 // Local parameters
148 //
149 typedef struct _KV86_FRAME
150 {
151     PVOID ThreadStack;
152     PVOID ThreadTeb;
153     PVOID PcrTeb;
154 } KV86_FRAME, *PKV86_FRAME;
155 
156 //
157 // Virtual Stack Frame
158 //
159 typedef struct _KV8086_STACK_FRAME
160 {
161     KTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame;
162     FX_SAVE_AREA NpxArea;
163     KV86_FRAME V86Frame;
164 } KV8086_STACK_FRAME, *PKV8086_STACK_FRAME;
165 
166 //
167 // Large Pages Support
168 //
169 typedef struct _LARGE_IDENTITY_MAP
170 {
171     PHARDWARE_PTE TopLevelDirectory;
172     ULONG Cr3;
173     ULONG_PTR StartAddress;
174     ULONG PagesCount;
175     PVOID PagesList[30];
176 } LARGE_IDENTITY_MAP, *PLARGE_IDENTITY_MAP;
177 
178 /* Diable interrupts and return whether they were enabled before */
179 FORCEINLINE
180 BOOLEAN
181 KeDisableInterrupts(VOID)
182 {
183     ULONG Flags;
184     BOOLEAN Return;
185 
186     /* Get EFLAGS and check if the interrupt bit is set */
187     Flags = __readeflags();
188     Return = (Flags & EFLAGS_INTERRUPT_MASK) ? TRUE: FALSE;
189 
190     /* Disable interrupts */
191     _disable();
192     return Return;
193 }
194 
195 /* Restore previous interrupt state */
196 FORCEINLINE
197 VOID
198 KeRestoreInterrupts(BOOLEAN WereEnabled)
199 {
200     if (WereEnabled) _enable();
201 }
202 
203 //
204 // Registers an interrupt handler with an IDT vector
205 //
206 FORCEINLINE
207 VOID
208 KeRegisterInterruptHandler(IN ULONG Vector,
209                            IN PVOID Handler)
210 {
211     UCHAR Entry;
212     ULONG_PTR Address;
213     PKIPCR Pcr = (PKIPCR)KeGetPcr();
214 
215     //
216     // Get the entry from the HAL
217     //
218     Entry = HalVectorToIDTEntry(Vector);
219     Address = PtrToUlong(Handler);
220 
221     //
222     // Now set the data
223     //
224     Pcr->IDT[Entry].ExtendedOffset = (USHORT)(Address >> 16);
225     Pcr->IDT[Entry].Offset = (USHORT)Address;
226 }
227 
228 //
229 // Returns the registered interrupt handler for a given IDT vector
230 //
231 FORCEINLINE
232 PVOID
233 KeQueryInterruptHandler(IN ULONG Vector)
234 {
235     PKIPCR Pcr = (PKIPCR)KeGetPcr();
236     UCHAR Entry;
237 
238     //
239     // Get the entry from the HAL
240     //
241     Entry = HalVectorToIDTEntry(Vector);
242 
243     //
244     // Read the entry from the IDT
245     //
246     return (PVOID)(((Pcr->IDT[Entry].ExtendedOffset << 16) & 0xFFFF0000) |
247                     (Pcr->IDT[Entry].Offset & 0xFFFF));
248 }
249 
250 //
251 // Invalidates the TLB entry for a specified address
252 //
253 FORCEINLINE
254 VOID
255 KeInvalidateTlbEntry(IN PVOID Address)
256 {
257     /* Invalidate the TLB entry for this address */
258     __invlpg(Address);
259 }
260 
261 FORCEINLINE
262 VOID
263 KeFlushProcessTb(VOID)
264 {
265     /* Flush the TLB by resetting CR3 */
266     __writecr3(__readcr3());
267 }
268 
269 FORCEINLINE
270 VOID
271 KeSweepICache(IN PVOID BaseAddress,
272               IN SIZE_T FlushSize)
273 {
274     //
275     // Always sweep the whole cache
276     //
277     UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(BaseAddress);
278     UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(FlushSize);
279     __wbinvd();
280 }
281 
282 FORCEINLINE
283 PRKTHREAD
284 KeGetCurrentThread(VOID)
285 {
286     /* Return the current thread */
287     return ((PKIPCR)KeGetPcr())->PrcbData.CurrentThread;
288 }
289 
290 FORCEINLINE
291 VOID
292 KiRundownThread(IN PKTHREAD Thread)
293 {
294 #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
295     /* Check if this is the NPX Thread */
296     if (KeGetCurrentPrcb()->NpxThread == Thread)
297     {
298         /* Clear it */
299         KeGetCurrentPrcb()->NpxThread = NULL;
300         Ke386FnInit();
301     }
302 #else
303     /* Nothing to do */
304 #endif
305 }
306 
307 FORCEINLINE
308 VOID
309 Ke386SetGdtEntryBase(PKGDTENTRY GdtEntry, PVOID BaseAddress)
310 {
311     GdtEntry->BaseLow = (USHORT)((ULONG_PTR)BaseAddress & 0xFFFF);
312     GdtEntry->HighWord.Bytes.BaseMid = (UCHAR)((ULONG_PTR)BaseAddress >> 16);
313     GdtEntry->HighWord.Bytes.BaseHi = (UCHAR)((ULONG_PTR)BaseAddress >> 24);
314 }
315 
316 FORCEINLINE
317 VOID
318 KiSetTebBase(PKPCR Pcr, PVOID TebAddress)
319 {
320     Pcr->NtTib.Self = TebAddress;
321     Ke386SetGdtEntryBase(&Pcr->GDT[KGDT_R3_TEB / sizeof(KGDTENTRY)], TebAddress);
322 }
323 
324 VOID
325 FASTCALL
326 Ki386InitializeTss(
327     IN PKTSS Tss,
328     IN PKIDTENTRY Idt,
329     IN PKGDTENTRY Gdt
330 );
331 
332 VOID
333 NTAPI
334 KiSetCR0Bits(VOID);
335 
336 VOID
337 NTAPI
338 KiGetCacheInformation(VOID);
339 
340 BOOLEAN
341 NTAPI
342 KiIsNpxPresent(
343     VOID
344 );
345 
346 BOOLEAN
347 NTAPI
348 KiIsNpxErrataPresent(
349     VOID
350 );
351 
352 VOID
353 NTAPI
354 KiSetProcessorType(VOID);
355 
356 ULONG
357 NTAPI
358 KiGetFeatureBits(VOID);
359 
360 VOID
361 NTAPI
362 KiThreadStartup(VOID);
363 
364 NTSTATUS
365 NTAPI
366 Ke386GetGdtEntryThread(
367     IN PKTHREAD Thread,
368     IN ULONG Offset,
369     IN PKGDTENTRY Descriptor
370 );
371 
372 VOID
373 NTAPI
374 KiFlushNPXState(
375     IN FLOATING_SAVE_AREA *SaveArea
376 );
377 
378 VOID
379 NTAPI
380 Ki386AdjustEsp0(
381     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
382 );
383 
384 VOID
385 NTAPI
386 Ki386SetupAndExitToV86Mode(
387     OUT PTEB VdmTeb
388 );
389 
390 VOID
391 NTAPI
392 KeI386VdmInitialize(
393     VOID
394 );
395 
396 ULONG_PTR
397 NTAPI
398 Ki386EnableGlobalPage(
399     IN ULONG_PTR Context
400 );
401 
402 ULONG_PTR
403 NTAPI
404 Ki386EnableTargetLargePage(
405     IN ULONG_PTR Context
406 );
407 
408 BOOLEAN
409 NTAPI
410 Ki386CreateIdentityMap(
411     IN PLARGE_IDENTITY_MAP IdentityMap,
412     IN PVOID StartPtr,
413     IN ULONG Length
414 );
415 
416 VOID
417 NTAPI
418 Ki386FreeIdentityMap(
419     IN PLARGE_IDENTITY_MAP IdentityMap
420 );
421 
422 VOID
423 NTAPI
424 Ki386EnableCurrentLargePage(
425     IN ULONG_PTR StartAddress,
426     IN ULONG Cr3
427 );
428 
429 VOID
430 NTAPI
431 KiI386PentiumLockErrataFixup(
432     VOID
433 );
434 
435 VOID
436 NTAPI
437 KiInitializePAT(
438     VOID
439 );
440 
441 VOID
442 NTAPI
443 KiInitializeMTRR(
444     IN BOOLEAN FinalCpu
445 );
446 
447 VOID
448 NTAPI
449 KiAmdK6InitializeMTRR(
450     VOID
451 );
452 
453 VOID
454 NTAPI
455 KiRestoreFastSyscallReturnState(
456     VOID
457 );
458 
459 ULONG_PTR
460 NTAPI
461 Ki386EnableDE(
462     IN ULONG_PTR Context
463 );
464 
465 ULONG_PTR
466 NTAPI
467 Ki386EnableFxsr(
468     IN ULONG_PTR Context
469 );
470 
471 ULONG_PTR
472 NTAPI
473 Ki386EnableXMMIExceptions(
474     IN ULONG_PTR Context
475 );
476 
477 BOOLEAN
478 NTAPI
479 VdmDispatchBop(
480     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
481 );
482 
483 BOOLEAN
484 NTAPI
485 VdmDispatchPageFault(
486     _In_ PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
487 );
488 
489 BOOLEAN
490 FASTCALL
491 KiVdmOpcodePrefix(
492     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame,
493     IN ULONG Flags
494 );
495 
496 BOOLEAN
497 FASTCALL
498 Ki386HandleOpcodeV86(
499     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
500 );
501 
502 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
503 VOID
504 FASTCALL
505 KiEoiHelper(
506     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
507 );
508 
509 VOID
510 FASTCALL
511 Ki386BiosCallReturnAddress(
512     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
513 );
514 
515 ULONG_PTR
516 FASTCALL
517 KiExitV86Mode(
518     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
519 );
520 
521 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
522 VOID
523 NTAPI
524 KiDispatchExceptionFromTrapFrame(
525     IN NTSTATUS Code,
526     IN ULONG Flags,
527     IN ULONG_PTR Address,
528     IN ULONG ParameterCount,
529     IN ULONG_PTR Parameter1,
530     IN ULONG_PTR Parameter2,
531     IN ULONG_PTR Parameter3,
532     IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
533 );
534 
535 NTSTATUS
536 NTAPI
537 KiConvertToGuiThread(
538     VOID
539 );
540 
541 //
542 // Global x86 only Kernel data
543 //
544 extern PVOID Ki386IopmSaveArea;
545 extern ULONG KeI386EFlagsAndMaskV86;
546 extern ULONG KeI386EFlagsOrMaskV86;
547 extern BOOLEAN KeI386VirtualIntExtensions;
548 extern KIDTENTRY KiIdt[MAXIMUM_IDTVECTOR+1];
549 extern KDESCRIPTOR KiIdtDescriptor;
550 extern BOOLEAN KiI386PentiumLockErrataPresent;
551 extern ULONG KeI386NpxPresent;
552 extern ULONG KeI386XMMIPresent;
553 extern ULONG KeI386FxsrPresent;
554 extern ULONG KiMXCsrMask;
555 extern ULONG KeI386CpuType;
556 extern ULONG KeI386CpuStep;
557 extern ULONG KiFastSystemCallDisable;
558 extern UCHAR KiDebugRegisterTrapOffsets[9];
559 extern UCHAR KiDebugRegisterContextOffsets[9];
560 extern VOID __cdecl KiTrap02(VOID);
561 extern VOID __cdecl KiTrap08(VOID);
562 extern VOID __cdecl KiTrap13(VOID);
563 extern VOID __cdecl KiFastCallEntry(VOID);
564 extern VOID NTAPI ExpInterlockedPopEntrySListFault(VOID);
565 extern VOID NTAPI ExpInterlockedPopEntrySListResume(VOID);
566 extern VOID __cdecl CopyParams(VOID);
567 extern VOID __cdecl ReadBatch(VOID);
568 extern CHAR KiSystemCallExitBranch[];
569 extern CHAR KiSystemCallExit[];
570 extern CHAR KiSystemCallExit2[];
571 
572 //
573 // Trap Macros
574 //
575 #include "trap_x.h"
576 
577 //
578 // Returns a thread's FPU save area
579 //
580 FORCEINLINE
581 PFX_SAVE_AREA
582 KiGetThreadNpxArea(IN PKTHREAD Thread)
583 {
584     ASSERT((ULONG_PTR)Thread->InitialStack % 16 == 0);
585     return (PFX_SAVE_AREA)((ULONG_PTR)Thread->InitialStack - sizeof(FX_SAVE_AREA));
586 }
587 
588 //
589 // Sanitizes a selector
590 //
591 FORCEINLINE
592 ULONG
593 Ke386SanitizeSeg(IN ULONG Cs,
594                 IN KPROCESSOR_MODE Mode)
595 {
596     //
597     // Check if we're in kernel-mode, and force CPL 0 if so.
598     // Otherwise, force CPL 3.
599     //
600     return ((Mode == KernelMode) ?
601             (Cs & (0xFFFF & ~RPL_MASK)) :
602             (RPL_MASK | (Cs & 0xFFFF)));
603 }
604 
605 //
606 // Sanitizes EFLAGS
607 //
608 FORCEINLINE
609 ULONG
610 Ke386SanitizeFlags(IN ULONG Eflags,
611                    IN KPROCESSOR_MODE Mode)
612 {
613     //
614     // Check if we're in kernel-mode, and sanitize EFLAGS if so.
615     // Otherwise, also force interrupt mask on.
616     //
617     return ((Mode == KernelMode) ?
618             (Eflags & (EFLAGS_USER_SANITIZE | EFLAGS_INTERRUPT_MASK)) :
619             (EFLAGS_INTERRUPT_MASK | (Eflags & EFLAGS_USER_SANITIZE)));
620 }
621 
622 //
623 // Sanitizes a Debug Register
624 //
625 FORCEINLINE
626 PVOID
627 Ke386SanitizeDr(IN PVOID DrAddress,
628                 IN KPROCESSOR_MODE Mode)
629 {
630     //
631     // Check if we're in kernel-mode, and return the address directly if so.
632     // Otherwise, make sure it's not inside the kernel-mode address space.
633     // If it is, then clear the address.
634     //
635     return ((Mode == KernelMode) ? DrAddress :
636             (DrAddress <= MM_HIGHEST_USER_ADDRESS) ? DrAddress : 0);
637 }
638 
639 //
640 // Exception with no arguments
641 //
642 FORCEINLINE
643 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
644 VOID
645 KiDispatchException0Args(IN NTSTATUS Code,
646                          IN ULONG_PTR Address,
647                          IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame)
648 {
649     /* Helper for exceptions with no arguments */
650     KiDispatchExceptionFromTrapFrame(Code, 0, Address, 0, 0, 0, 0, TrapFrame);
651 }
652 
653 //
654 // Exception with one argument
655 //
656 FORCEINLINE
657 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
658 VOID
659 KiDispatchException1Args(IN NTSTATUS Code,
660                          IN ULONG_PTR Address,
661                          IN ULONG P1,
662                          IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame)
663 {
664     /* Helper for exceptions with no arguments */
665     KiDispatchExceptionFromTrapFrame(Code, 0, Address, 1, P1, 0, 0, TrapFrame);
666 }
667 
668 //
669 // Exception with two arguments
670 //
671 FORCEINLINE
672 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
673 VOID
674 KiDispatchException2Args(IN NTSTATUS Code,
675                          IN ULONG_PTR Address,
676                          IN ULONG P1,
677                          IN ULONG P2,
678                          IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame)
679 {
680     /* Helper for exceptions with no arguments */
681     KiDispatchExceptionFromTrapFrame(Code, 0, Address, 2, P1, P2, 0, TrapFrame);
682 }
683 
684 //
685 // Performs a system call
686 //
687 
688     /*
689      * This sequence does a RtlCopyMemory(Stack - StackBytes, Arguments, StackBytes)
690      * and then calls the function associated with the system call.
691      *
692      * It's done in assembly for two reasons: we need to muck with the stack,
693      * and the call itself restores the stack back for us. The only way to do
694      * this in C is to do manual C handlers for every possible number of args on
695      * the stack, and then have the handler issue a call by pointer. This is
696      * wasteful since it'll basically push the values twice and require another
697      * level of call indirection.
698      *
699      * The ARM kernel currently does this, but it should probably be changed
700      * later to function like this as well.
701      *
702      */
703 #ifdef __GNUC__
704 FORCEINLINE
705 NTSTATUS
706 KiSystemCallTrampoline(IN PVOID Handler,
707                        IN PVOID Arguments,
708                        IN ULONG StackBytes)
709 {
710     NTSTATUS Result;
711 
712     __asm__ __volatile__
713     (
714         "subl %1, %%esp\n\t"
715         "movl %%esp, %%edi\n\t"
716         "movl %2, %%esi\n\t"
717         "shrl $2, %1\n\t"
718         "rep movsd\n\t"
719         "call *%3\n\t"
720         "movl %%eax, %0"
721         : "=r"(Result)
722         : "c"(StackBytes),
723           "d"(Arguments),
724           "r"(Handler)
725         : "%esp", "%esi", "%edi"
726     );
727     return Result;
728 }
729 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
730 FORCEINLINE
731 NTSTATUS
732 KiSystemCallTrampoline(IN PVOID Handler,
733                        IN PVOID Arguments,
734                        IN ULONG StackBytes)
735 {
736     __asm
737     {
738         mov ecx, StackBytes
739         mov esi, Arguments
740         mov eax, Handler
741         sub esp, ecx
742         mov edi, esp
743         shr ecx, 2
744         rep movsd
745         call eax
746     }
747     /* Return with result in EAX */
748 }
749 #else
750 #error Unknown Compiler
751 #endif
752 
753 
754 //
755 // Checks for pending APCs
756 //
757 FORCEINLINE
758 VOID
759 KiCheckForApcDelivery(IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame)
760 {
761     PKTHREAD Thread;
762     KIRQL OldIrql;
763 
764     /* Check for V8086 or user-mode trap */
765     if ((TrapFrame->EFlags & EFLAGS_V86_MASK) || (KiUserTrap(TrapFrame)))
766     {
767         /* Get the thread */
768         Thread = KeGetCurrentThread();
769         while (TRUE)
770         {
771             /* Turn off the alerted state for kernel mode */
772             Thread->Alerted[KernelMode] = FALSE;
773 
774             /* Are there pending user APCs? */
775             if (!Thread->ApcState.UserApcPending) break;
776 
777             /* Raise to APC level and enable interrupts */
778             OldIrql = KfRaiseIrql(APC_LEVEL);
779             _enable();
780 
781             /* Deliver APCs */
782             KiDeliverApc(UserMode, NULL, TrapFrame);
783 
784             /* Restore IRQL and disable interrupts once again */
785             KfLowerIrql(OldIrql);
786             _disable();
787         }
788     }
789 }
790 
791 //
792 // Switches from boot loader to initial kernel stack
793 //
794 FORCEINLINE
795 VOID
796 KiSwitchToBootStack(IN ULONG_PTR InitialStack)
797 {
798     VOID NTAPI KiSystemStartupBootStack(VOID);
799 
800     /* We have to switch to a new stack before continuing kernel initialization */
801 #ifdef __GNUC__
802     __asm__
803     (
804         "movl %0, %%esp\n\t"
805         "subl %1, %%esp\n\t"
806         "pushl %2\n\t"
807         "jmp _KiSystemStartupBootStack@0"
808         :
809         : "c"(InitialStack),
810           "i"(NPX_FRAME_LENGTH + KTRAP_FRAME_ALIGN + KTRAP_FRAME_LENGTH),
811           "i"(CR0_EM | CR0_TS | CR0_MP),
812           "p"(KiSystemStartupBootStack)
813         : "%esp"
814     );
815 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
816     __asm
817     {
818         mov esp, InitialStack
819         sub esp, (NPX_FRAME_LENGTH + KTRAP_FRAME_ALIGN + KTRAP_FRAME_LENGTH)
820         push (CR0_EM | CR0_TS | CR0_MP)
821         jmp KiSystemStartupBootStack
822     }
823 #else
824 #error Unknown Compiler
825 #endif
826 }
827 
828 //
829 // Emits the iret instruction for C code
830 //
831 FORCEINLINE
832 DECLSPEC_NORETURN
833 VOID
834 KiIret(VOID)
835 {
836 #if defined(__GNUC__)
837     __asm__ __volatile__
838     (
839         "iret"
840     );
841 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
842     __asm
843     {
844         iretd
845     }
846 #else
847 #error Unsupported compiler
848 #endif
849     UNREACHABLE;
850 }
851 
852 //
853 // Normally this is done by the HAL, but on x86 as an optimization, the kernel
854 // initiates the end by calling back into the HAL and exiting the trap here.
855 //
856 FORCEINLINE
857 VOID
858 KiEndInterrupt(IN KIRQL Irql,
859                IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame)
860 {
861     /* Disable interrupts and end the interrupt */
862     _disable();
863     HalEndSystemInterrupt(Irql, TrapFrame);
864 
865     /* Exit the interrupt */
866     KiEoiHelper(TrapFrame);
867 }
868 
869 //
870 // PERF Code
871 //
872 FORCEINLINE
873 VOID
874 Ki386PerfEnd(VOID)
875 {
876     extern ULONGLONG BootCyclesEnd, BootCycles;
877     BootCyclesEnd = __rdtsc();
878     DbgPrint("Boot took %I64u cycles!\n", BootCyclesEnd - BootCycles);
879     DbgPrint("Interrupts: %u System Calls: %u Context Switches: %u\n",
880              KeGetCurrentPrcb()->InterruptCount,
881              KeGetCurrentPrcb()->KeSystemCalls,
882              KeGetContextSwitches(KeGetCurrentPrcb()));
883 }
884 
885 FORCEINLINE
886 PULONG
887 KiGetUserModeStackAddress(void)
888 {
889     return &(KeGetCurrentThread()->TrapFrame->HardwareEsp);
890 }
891 
892 #endif
893