xref: /xv6-public/lapic.c (revision 19333efb)
1 // The local APIC manages internal (non-I/O) interrupts.
2 // See Chapter 8 & Appendix C of Intel processor manual volume 3.
3 
4 #include "types.h"
5 #include "defs.h"
6 #include "traps.h"
7 #include "mmu.h"
8 #include "x86.h"
9 
10 // Local APIC registers, divided by 4 for use as uint[] indices.
11 #define ID      (0x0020/4)   // ID
12 #define VER     (0x0030/4)   // Version
13 #define TPR     (0x0080/4)   // Task Priority
14 #define EOI     (0x00B0/4)   // EOI
15 #define SVR     (0x00F0/4)   // Spurious Interrupt Vector
16   #define ENABLE     0x00000100   // Unit Enable
17 #define ESR     (0x0280/4)   // Error Status
18 #define ICRLO   (0x0300/4)   // Interrupt Command
19   #define INIT       0x00000500   // INIT/RESET
20   #define STARTUP    0x00000600   // Startup IPI
21   #define DELIVS     0x00001000   // Delivery status
22   #define ASSERT     0x00004000   // Assert interrupt (vs deassert)
23   #define LEVEL      0x00008000   // Level triggered
24   #define BCAST      0x00080000   // Send to all APICs, including self.
25 #define ICRHI   (0x0310/4)   // Interrupt Command [63:32]
26 #define TIMER   (0x0320/4)   // Local Vector Table 0 (TIMER)
27   #define X1         0x0000000B   // divide counts by 1
28   #define PERIODIC   0x00020000   // Periodic
29 #define PCINT   (0x0340/4)   // Performance Counter LVT
30 #define LINT0   (0x0350/4)   // Local Vector Table 1 (LINT0)
31 #define LINT1   (0x0360/4)   // Local Vector Table 2 (LINT1)
32 #define ERROR   (0x0370/4)   // Local Vector Table 3 (ERROR)
33   #define MASKED     0x00010000   // Interrupt masked
34 #define TICR    (0x0380/4)   // Timer Initial Count
35 #define TCCR    (0x0390/4)   // Timer Current Count
36 #define TDCR    (0x03E0/4)   // Timer Divide Configuration
37 
38 volatile uint *lapic;  // Initialized in mp.c
39 
40 static void
41 lapicw(int index, int value)
42 {
43   lapic[index] = value;
44   lapic[ID];  // wait for write to finish, by reading
45 }
46 
47 //PAGEBREAK!
48 void
49 lapicinit(int c)
50 {
51   if(!lapic)
52     return;
53 
54   // Enable local APIC; set spurious interrupt vector.
55   lapicw(SVR, ENABLE | (IRQ_OFFSET+IRQ_SPURIOUS));
56 
57   // The timer repeatedly counts down at bus frequency
58   // from lapic[TICR] and then issues an interrupt.
59   // If xv6 cared more about precise timekeeping,
60   // TICR would be calibrated using an external time source.
61   lapicw(TDCR, X1);
62   lapicw(TIMER, PERIODIC | (IRQ_OFFSET + IRQ_TIMER));
63   lapicw(TICR, 10000000);
64 
65   // Disable logical interrupt lines.
66   lapicw(LINT0, MASKED);
67   lapicw(LINT1, MASKED);
68 
69   // Disable performance counter overflow interrupts
70   // on machines that provide that interrupt entry.
71   if(((lapic[VER]>>16) & 0xFF) >= 4)
72     lapicw(PCINT, MASKED);
73 
74   // Map error interrupt to IRQ_ERROR.
75   lapicw(ERROR, IRQ_OFFSET+IRQ_ERROR);
76 
77   // Clear error status register (requires back-to-back writes).
78   lapicw(ESR, 0);
79   lapicw(ESR, 0);
80 
81   // Ack any outstanding interrupts.
82   lapicw(EOI, 0);
83 
84   // Send an Init Level De-Assert to synchronise arbitration ID's.
85   lapicw(ICRHI, 0);
86   lapicw(ICRLO, BCAST | INIT | LEVEL);
87   while(lapic[ICRLO] & DELIVS)
88     ;
89 
90   // Enable interrupts on the APIC (but not on the processor).
91   lapicw(TPR, 0);
92 }
93 
94 int
95 cpu(void)
96 {
97   // Cannot call cpu when interrupts are enabled:
98   // result not guaranteed to last long enough to be used!
99   // Would prefer to panic but even printing is chancy here:
100   // almost everything, including cprintf and panic, calls cpu,
101   // often indirectly through acquire and release.
102   if(readeflags()&FL_IF){
103     static int n;
104     if(n++ == 0)
105       cprintf("cpu called from %x with interrupts enabled\n",
106         __builtin_return_address(0));
107   }
108 
109   if(lapic)
110     return lapic[ID]>>24;
111   return 0;
112 }
113 
114 // Acknowledge interrupt.
115 void
116 lapiceoi(void)
117 {
118   if(lapic)
119     lapicw(EOI, 0);
120 }
121 
122 // Spin for a given number of microseconds.
123 // On real hardware would want to tune this dynamically.
124 void
125 microdelay(int us)
126 {
127   volatile int j = 0;
128 
129   while(us-- > 0)
130     for(j=0; j<10000; j++);
131 }
132 
133 
134 #define IO_RTC  0x70
135 
136 // Start additional processor running bootstrap code at addr.
137 // See Appendix B of MultiProcessor Specification.
138 void
139 lapicstartap(uchar apicid, uint addr)
140 {
141   int i;
142   ushort *wrv;
143 
144   // "The BSP must initialize CMOS shutdown code to 0AH
145   // and the warm reset vector (DWORD based at 40:67) to point at
146   // the AP startup code prior to the [universal startup algorithm]."
147   outb(IO_RTC, 0xF);  // offset 0xF is shutdown code
148   outb(IO_RTC+1, 0x0A);
149   wrv = (ushort*)(0x40<<4 | 0x67);  // Warm reset vector
150   wrv[0] = 0;
151   wrv[1] = addr >> 4;
152 
153   // "Universal startup algorithm."
154   // Send INIT (level-triggered) interrupt to reset other CPU.
155   lapicw(ICRHI, apicid<<24);
156   lapicw(ICRLO, INIT | LEVEL | ASSERT);
157   microdelay(200);
158   lapicw(ICRLO, INIT | LEVEL);
159   microdelay(100);	// should be 10ms, but too slow in Bochs!
160 
161   // Send startup IPI (twice!) to enter bootstrap code.
162   // Regular hardware is supposed to only accept a STARTUP
163   // when it is in the halted state due to an INIT.  So the second
164   // should be ignored, but it is part of the official Intel algorithm.
165   // Bochs complains about the second one.  Too bad for Bochs.
166   for(i = 0; i < 2; i++){
167     lapicw(ICRHI, apicid<<24);
168     lapicw(ICRLO, STARTUP | (addr>>12));
169     microdelay(200);
170   }
171 }
172