xref: /xv6-public/log.c (revision 71453f72)

#include "types.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "param.h"
#include "spinlock.h"
#include "fs.h"
#include "buf.h"

// Simple logging that allows concurrent FS system calls.
//
// A log transaction contains the updates of *multiple* FS system
// calls. The logging systems only commits when there are
// no FS system calls active. Thus there is never
// any reasoning required about whether a commit might
// write an uncommitted system call's updates to disk.
//
// A system call should call begin_op()/end_op() to mark
// its start and end. Usually begin_op() just increments
// the count of in-progress FS system calls and returns.
// But if it thinks the log is close to running out, it
// blocks this system call, and causes the system to wait
// until end_op() indicates there are no executing FS
// system calls, at which point the last end_op() commits
// all the system calls' writes.
//
// The log is a physical re-do log containing disk blocks.
// The on-disk log format:
//   header block, containing sector #s for block A, B, C, ...
//   block A
//   block B
//   block C
//   ...
// Log appends are synchronous.

// Contents of the header block, used for both the on-disk header block
// and to keep track in memory of logged sector #s before commit.
struct logheader {
  int n;
  int sector[LOGSIZE];
};

struct log {
  struct spinlock lock;
  int start;
  int size;
  int outstanding; // how many FS sys calls are executing.
  int committing;  // in commit(), please wait.
  int dev;
  struct logheader lh;
};
struct log log;

static void recover_from_log(void);
static void commit();

void
initlog(void)
{
  if (sizeof(struct logheader) >= BSIZE)
    panic("initlog: too big logheader");

  struct superblock sb;
  initlock(&log.lock, "log");
  readsb(ROOTDEV, &sb);
  log.start = sb.size - sb.nlog;
  log.size = sb.nlog;
  log.dev = ROOTDEV;
  recover_from_log();
}

// Copy committed blocks from log to their home location
static void
install_trans(void)
{
  int tail;

  for (tail = 0; tail < log.lh.n; tail++) {
    struct buf *lbuf = bread(log.dev, log.start+tail+1); // read log block
    struct buf *dbuf = bread(log.dev, log.lh.sector[tail]); // read dst
    memmove(dbuf->data, lbuf->data, BSIZE);  // copy block to dst
    bwrite(dbuf);  // write dst to disk
    brelse(lbuf);
    brelse(dbuf);
  }
}

// Read the log header from disk into the in-memory log header
static void
read_head(void)
{
  struct buf *buf = bread(log.dev, log.start);
  struct logheader *lh = (struct logheader *) (buf->data);
  int i;
  log.lh.n = lh->n;
  for (i = 0; i < log.lh.n; i++) {
    log.lh.sector[i] = lh->sector[i];
  }
  brelse(buf);
}

// Write in-memory log header to disk.
// This is the true point at which the
// current transaction commits.
static void
write_head(void)
{
  struct buf *buf = bread(log.dev, log.start);
  struct logheader *hb = (struct logheader *) (buf->data);
  int i;
  hb->n = log.lh.n;
  for (i = 0; i < log.lh.n; i++) {
    hb->sector[i] = log.lh.sector[i];
  }
  bwrite(buf);
  brelse(buf);
}

static void
recover_from_log(void)
{
  read_head();
  install_trans(); // if committed, copy from log to disk
  log.lh.n = 0;
  write_head(); // clear the log
}

// an FS system call should call begin_op() when it starts.
void
begin_op(void)
{
  acquire(&log.lock);
  while(1){
    if(log.committing){
      sleep(&log, &log.lock);
    } else {
      // XXX wait (for a commit) if log is longish.
      //     need to reserve to avoid over-commit of log space.
      log.outstanding += 1;
      release(&log.lock);
      break;
    }
  }
}

// an FS system call should call end_op() after it finishes.
// can't write the disk &c while holding locks, thus do_commit.
void
end_op(void)
{
  int do_commit = 0;

  acquire(&log.lock);
  log.outstanding -= 1;
  if(log.committing)
    panic("log.committing");
  if(log.outstanding == 0){
    do_commit = 1;
    log.committing = 1;
  }
  release(&log.lock);

  if(do_commit){
    commit();
    acquire(&log.lock);
    log.committing = 0;
    wakeup(&log);
    release(&log.lock);
  }
}

static void
commit()
{
  if (log.lh.n > 0) {
    write_head();    // Write header to disk -- the real commit
    install_trans(); // Now install writes to home locations
    log.lh.n = 0;
    write_head();    // Erase the transaction from the log
  }
}

// Caller has modified b->data and is done with the buffer.
// Append the block to the log and record the block number,
// but don't write the log header (which would commit the write).
// log_write() replaces bwrite(); a typical use is:
//   bp = bread(...)
//   modify bp->data[]
//   log_write(bp)
//   brelse(bp)
void
log_write(struct buf *b)
{
  int i;

  if (log.lh.n >= LOGSIZE || log.lh.n >= log.size - 1)
    panic("too big a transaction");
  if (log.outstanding < 1)
    panic("write outside of trans");

  for (i = 0; i < log.lh.n; i++) {
    if (log.lh.sector[i] == b->sector)   // log absorbtion?
      break;
  }
  log.lh.sector[i] = b->sector;
  struct buf *lbuf = bread(b->dev, log.start+i+1);
  memmove(lbuf->data, b->data, BSIZE);
  bwrite(lbuf);
  brelse(lbuf);
  if (i == log.lh.n)
    log.lh.n++;
  b->flags |= B_DIRTY; // XXX prevent eviction
}

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