netlink: add variable-length / auto integers

We currently push everyone to use padding to align 64b values
in netlink. Un-padded nla_put_u64() doesn't even exist any more.

The story behind this pos

netlink: add variable-length / auto integers

We currently push everyone to use padding to align 64b values
in netlink. Un-padded nla_put_u64() doesn't even exist any more.

The story behind this possibly start with this thread:
https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20121204.130914.1457976839967676240.davem@davemloft.net/
where DaveM was concerned about the alignment of a structure
containing 64b stats. If user space tries to access such struct
directly:

struct some_stats *stats = nla_data(attr);
printf("A: %llu", stats->a);

lack of alignment may become problematic for some architectures.
These days we most often put every single member in a separate
attribute, meaning that the code above would use a helper like
nla_get_u64(), which can deal with alignment internally.
Even for arches which don't have good unaligned access - access
aligned to 4B should be pretty efficient.
Kernel and well known libraries deal with unaligned input already.

Padded 64b is quite space-inefficient (64b + pad means at worst 16B
per attr vs 32b which takes 8B). It is also more typing:

if (nla_put_u64_pad(rsp, NETDEV_A_SOMETHING_SOMETHING,
value, NETDEV_A_SOMETHING_PAD))

Create a new attribute type which will use 32 bits at netlink
level if value is small enough (probably most of the time?),
and (4B-aligned) 64 bits otherwise. Kernel API is just:

if (nla_put_uint(rsp, NETDEV_A_SOMETHING_SOMETHING, value))

Calling this new type "just" sint / uint with no specific size
will hopefully also make people more comfortable with using it.
Currently telling people "don't use u8, you may need the bits,
and netlink will round up to 4B, anyway" is the #1 comment
we give to newcomers.

In terms of netlink layout it looks like this:

0 4 8 12 16
32b: [nlattr][ u32 ]
64b: [ pad ][nlattr][ u64 ]
uint(32) [nlattr][ u32 ]
uint(64) [nlattr][ u64 ]

Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: Annotate struct netlink_policy_dump_state with __counted_by

Prepare for the coming implementation by GCC and Clang of the __counted_by
attribute. Flexible array members annotated with __cou

netlink: Annotate struct netlink_policy_dump_state with __counted_by

Prepare for the coming implementation by GCC and Clang of the __counted_by
attribute. Flexible array members annotated with __counted_by can have
their accesses bounds-checked at run-time via CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS (for
array indexing) and CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE (for strcpy/memcpy-family
functions).

As found with Coccinelle[1], add __counted_by for struct netlink_policy_dump_state.

Additionally update the size of the usage array length before accessing
it. This requires remembering the old size for the memset() and later
assignments.

Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://github.com/kees/kernel-tools/blob/trunk/coccinelle/examples/counted_by.cocci [1]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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net: genl: fix error path memory leak in policy dumping

If construction of the array of policies fails when recording
non-first policy we need to unwind.

netlink_policy_dump_add_policy() itself als

net: genl: fix error path memory leak in policy dumping

If construction of the array of policies fails when recording
non-first policy we need to unwind.

netlink_policy_dump_add_policy() itself also needs fixing as
it currently gives up on error without recording the allocated
pointer in the pstate pointer.

Reported-by: syzbot+dc54d9ba8153b216cae0@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 50a896cf2d6f ("genetlink: properly support per-op policy dumping")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220816161939.577583-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>

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netlink: export policy in extended ACK

Add a new attribute NLMSGERR_ATTR_POLICY to the extended ACK
to advertise the policy, e.g. if an attribute was out of range,
you'll know the range that's permi

netlink: export policy in extended ACK

Add a new attribute NLMSGERR_ATTR_POLICY to the extended ACK
to advertise the policy, e.g. if an attribute was out of range,
you'll know the range that's permissible.

Add new NL_SET_ERR_MSG_ATTR_POL() and NL_SET_ERR_MSG_ATTR_POL()
macros to set this, since realistically it's only useful to do
this when the bad attribute (offset) is also returned.

Use it in lib/nlattr.c which practically does all the policy
validation.

v2:
- add and use netlink_policy_dump_attr_size_estimate()
v3:
- remove redundant break
v4:
- really remove redundant break ... sorry

Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>

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netlink: policy: refactor per-attr policy writing

Refactor the per-attribute policy writing into a new
helper function, to be used later for dumping out the
policy of a rejected attribute.

v2:
- f

netlink: policy: refactor per-attr policy writing

Refactor the per-attribute policy writing into a new
helper function, to be used later for dumping out the
policy of a rejected attribute.

v2:
- fix some indentation
v3:
- change variable order in netlink_policy_dump_write()

Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>

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netlink: add mask validation

We don't have good validation policy for existing unsigned int attrs
which serve as flags (for new ones we could use NLA_BITFIELD32).
With increased use of policy dumpin

netlink: add mask validation

We don't have good validation policy for existing unsigned int attrs
which serve as flags (for new ones we could use NLA_BITFIELD32).
With increased use of policy dumping having the validation be
expressed as part of the policy is important. Add validation
policy in form of a mask of supported/valid bits.

Support u64 in the uAPI to be future-proof, but really for now
the embedded mask member can only hold 32 bits, so anything with
bit 32+ set will always fail validation.

Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: rework policy dump to support multiple policies

Rework the policy dump code a bit to support adding multiple
policies to a single dump, in order to e.g. support per-op
policies in generic n

netlink: rework policy dump to support multiple policies

Rework the policy dump code a bit to support adding multiple
policies to a single dump, in order to e.g. support per-op
policies in generic netlink.

v2:
- move kernel-doc to implementation [Jakub]
- squash the first patch to not flip-flop on the prototype
[Jakub]
- merge netlink_policy_dump_get_policy_idx() with the old
get_policy_idx() we already had
- rebase without Jakub's patch to have per-op dump

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: compare policy more accurately

The maxtype is really an integral part of the policy, and while we
haven't gotten into a situation yet where this happens, it seems
that some developer might

netlink: compare policy more accurately

The maxtype is really an integral part of the policy, and while we
haven't gotten into a situation yet where this happens, it seems
that some developer might eventually have two places pointing to
identical policies, with different maxattr to exclude some attrs
in one of the places.

Even if not, it's really the right thing to compare both since the
two data items fundamentally belong together.

v2:
- also do the proper comparison in get_policy_idx()

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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genetlink: add a structure for dump state

Whenever netlink dump uses more than 2 cb->args[] entries
code gets hard to read. We're about to add more state to
ctrl_dumppolicy() so create a structure.

genetlink: add a structure for dump state

Whenever netlink dump uses more than 2 cb->args[] entries
code gets hard to read. We're about to add more state to
ctrl_dumppolicy() so create a structure.

Since the structure is typed and clearly named we can remove
the local fam_id variable and use ctx->fam_id directly.

v3:
- rebase onto explicit free fix
v1:
- s/nl_policy_dump/netlink_policy_dump_state/
- forward declare struct netlink_policy_dump_state,
and move from passing unsigned long to actual pointer type
- add build bug on
- u16 fam_id
- s/args/ctx/

Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: fix policy dump leak

[ Upstream commit a95bc734e60449e7b073ff7ff70c35083b290ae9 ]

If userspace doesn't complete the policy dump, we leak the
allocated state. Fix this.

Fixes: d07dcf9aadd6

netlink: fix policy dump leak

[ Upstream commit a95bc734e60449e7b073ff7ff70c35083b290ae9 ]

If userspace doesn't complete the policy dump, we leak the
allocated state. Fix this.

Fixes: d07dcf9aadd6 ("netlink: add infrastructure to expose policies to userspace")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: policy: correct validation type check

In the policy export for binary attributes I erroneously used
a != NLA_VALIDATE_NONE comparison instead of checking for the
two possible values, which

netlink: policy: correct validation type check

In the policy export for binary attributes I erroneously used
a != NLA_VALIDATE_NONE comparison instead of checking for the
two possible values, which meant that if a validation function
pointer ended up aliasing the min/max as negatives, we'd hit
a warning in nla_get_range_unsigned().

Fix this to correctly check for only the two types that should
be handled here, i.e. range with or without warn-too-long.

Reported-by: syzbot+353df1490da781637624@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 8aa26c575fb3 ("netlink: make NLA_BINARY validation more flexible")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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treewide: Use fallthrough pseudo-keyword

Replace the existing /* fall through */ comments and its variants with
the new pseudo-keyword macro fallthrough[1]. Also, remove unnecessary
fall-through mar

treewide: Use fallthrough pseudo-keyword

Replace the existing /* fall through */ comments and its variants with
the new pseudo-keyword macro fallthrough[1]. Also, remove unnecessary
fall-through markings when it is the case.

[1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.7/process/deprecated.html?highlight=fallthrough#implicit-switch-case-fall-through

Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>

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netlink: fix state reallocation in policy export

Evidently, when I did this previously, we didn't have more than
10 policies and didn't run into the reallocation path, because
it's missing a memset(

netlink: fix state reallocation in policy export

Evidently, when I did this previously, we didn't have more than
10 policies and didn't run into the reallocation path, because
it's missing a memset() for the unused policies. Fix that.

Fixes: d07dcf9aadd6 ("netlink: add infrastructure to expose policies to userspace")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: make NLA_BINARY validation more flexible

Add range validation for NLA_BINARY, allowing validation of any
combination of combination minimum or maximum lengths, using the
existing NLA_POLICY

netlink: make NLA_BINARY validation more flexible

Add range validation for NLA_BINARY, allowing validation of any
combination of combination minimum or maximum lengths, using the
existing NLA_POLICY_RANGE()/NLA_POLICY_FULL_RANGE() macros, just
like for integers where the value is checked.

Also make NLA_POLICY_EXACT_LEN(), NLA_POLICY_EXACT_LEN_WARN()
and NLA_POLICY_MIN_LEN() special cases of this, removing the old
types NLA_EXACT_LEN and NLA_MIN_LEN.

This allows us to save some code where both minimum and maximum
lengths are requires, currently the policy only allows maximum
(NLA_BINARY), minimum (NLA_MIN_LEN) or exact (NLA_EXACT_LEN), so
a range of lengths cannot be accepted and must be checked by the
code that consumes the attributes later.

Also, this allows advertising the correct ranges in the policy
export to userspace. Here, NLA_MIN_LEN and NLA_EXACT_LEN already
were special cases of NLA_BINARY with min and min/max length
respectively.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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netlink: add infrastructure to expose policies to userspace

Add, and use in generic netlink, helpers to dump out a netlink
policy to userspace, including all the range validation data,
nested polici

netlink: add infrastructure to expose policies to userspace

Add, and use in generic netlink, helpers to dump out a netlink
policy to userspace, including all the range validation data,
nested policies etc.

This lets userspace discover what the kernel understands.

For families/commands other than generic netlink, the helpers
need to be used directly in an appropriate command, or we can
add some infrastructure (a new netlink family) that those can
register their policies with for introspection. I'm not that
familiar with non-generic netlink, so that's left out for now.

The data exposed to userspace also includes min and max length
for binary/string data, I've done that instead of letting the
userspace tools figure out whether min/max is intended based
on the type so that we can extend this later in the kernel, we
might want to just use the range data for example.

Because of this, I opted to not directly expose the NLA_*
values, even if some of them are already exposed via BPF, as
with min/max length we don't need to have different types here
for NLA_BINARY/NLA_MIN_LEN/NLA_EXACT_LEN, we just make them
all NL_ATTR_TYPE_BINARY with min/max length optionally set.

Similarly, we don't really need NLA_MSECS, and perhaps can
remove it in the future - but not if we encode it into the
userspace API now. It gets mapped to NL_ATTR_TYPE_U64 here.

Note that the exposing here corresponds to the strict policy
interpretation, and NLA_UNSPEC items are omitted entirely.
To get those, change them to NLA_MIN_LEN which behaves in
exactly the same way, but is exposed.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

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