1 #ifndef STRING_LIST_H
2 #define STRING_LIST_H
3 
4 /**
5  * The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle
6  * sorted and unsorted arrays of strings.  A "sorted" list is one whose
7  * entries are sorted by string value in the order specified by the `cmp`
8  * member (`strcmp()` by default).
9  *
10  * The caller:
11  *
12  * . Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
13  *
14  * . Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
15  *   if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
16  *   when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
17  *   a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
18  *
19  * If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
20  * member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
21  * `nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
22  *
23  * . Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append`,
24  *   `string_list_append_nodup`, `string_list_insert`,
25  *   `string_list_split`, and/or `string_list_split_in_place`.
26  *
27  * . Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
28  *   `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
29  *   `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
30  *
31  * . Can sort an unsorted list using `string_list_sort`.
32  *
33  * . Can remove duplicate items from a sorted list using
34  *   `string_list_remove_duplicates`.
35  *
36  * . Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
37  *   `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
38  *
39  * . Can remove items not matching a criterion from a sorted or unsorted
40  *   list using `filter_string_list`, or remove empty strings using
41  *   `string_list_remove_empty_items`.
42  *
43  * . Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
44  *
45  * Example:
46  *
47  *     struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
48  *     int i;
49  *
50  *     string_list_append(&list, "foo");
51  *     string_list_append(&list, "bar");
52  *     for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
53  *             printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
54  *
55  * NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
56  * afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
57  * `O(n^2)`).
58  *
59  * However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
60  * already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
61  * because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
62  */
63 
64 /**
65  * Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
66  * string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
67  */
68 struct string_list_item {
69 	char *string;
70 	void *util;
71 };
72 
73 typedef int (*compare_strings_fn)(const char *, const char *);
74 
75 /**
76  * Represents the list itself.
77  *
78  * . The array of items are available via the `items` member.
79  * . The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
80  * . The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
81  *   You should not tamper with it.
82  * . Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
83  *   before adding them, see above.
84  * . The `compare_strings_fn` member is used to specify a custom compare
85  *   function, otherwise `strcmp()` is used as the default function.
86  */
87 struct string_list {
88 	struct string_list_item *items;
89 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
90 	unsigned int strdup_strings:1;
91 	compare_strings_fn cmp; /* NULL uses strcmp() */
92 };
93 
94 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP { 0 }
95 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP   { .strdup_strings = 1 }
96 
97 /* General functions which work with both sorted and unsorted lists. */
98 
99 /**
100  * Initialize the members of a string_list pointer in the same way as
101  * the corresponding `STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP` and
102  * `STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP` macros.
103  */
104 void string_list_init_nodup(struct string_list *list);
105 void string_list_init_dup(struct string_list *list);
106 
107 /** Callback function type for for_each_string_list */
108 typedef int (*string_list_each_func_t)(struct string_list_item *, void *);
109 
110 /**
111  * Apply `want` to each item in `list`, retaining only the ones for which
112  * the function returns true.  If `free_util` is true, call free() on
113  * the util members of any items that have to be deleted.  Preserve
114  * the order of the items that are retained.
115  */
116 void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
117 			string_list_each_func_t want, void *cb_data);
118 
119 /**
120  * Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed
121  * in case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The
122  * second parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should
123  * be freed or not.
124  */
125 void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
126 
127 /**
128  * Callback type for `string_list_clear_func`.  The string associated
129  * with the util pointer is passed as the second argument
130  */
131 typedef void (*string_list_clear_func_t)(void *p, const char *str);
132 
133 /** Call a custom clear function on each util pointer */
134 void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc);
135 
136 /**
137  * Apply `func` to each item. If `func` returns nonzero, the
138  * iteration aborts and the return value is propagated.
139  */
140 int for_each_string_list(struct string_list *list,
141 			 string_list_each_func_t func, void *cb_data);
142 
143 /** Iterate over each item, as a macro. */
144 #define for_each_string_list_item(item,list)            \
145 	for (item = (list)->items;                      \
146 	     item && item < (list)->items + (list)->nr; \
147 	     ++item)
148 
149 /**
150  * Remove any empty strings from the list.  If free_util is true, call
151  * free() on the util members of any items that have to be deleted.
152  * Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
153  */
154 void string_list_remove_empty_items(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
155 
156 /* Use these functions only on sorted lists: */
157 
158 /** Determine if the string_list has a given string or not. */
159 int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string);
160 int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
161 				  int negative_existing_index);
162 
163 /**
164  * Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can
165  * be handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of
166  * the string_list_item containing the just added string. If the given
167  * string already exists the insertion will be skipped and the pointer
168  * to the existing item returned.
169  *
170  * Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
171  * list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
172  * write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
173  */
174 struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
175 
176 /**
177  * Remove the given string from the sorted list.  If the string
178  * doesn't exist, the list is not altered.
179  */
180 void string_list_remove(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
181 			int free_util);
182 
183 /**
184  * Check if the given string is part of a sorted list. If it is part of the list,
185  * return the corresponding string_list_item, NULL otherwise.
186  */
187 struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
188 
189 /*
190  * Remove all but the first of consecutive entries with the same
191  * string value.  If free_util is true, call free() on the util
192  * members of any items that have to be deleted.
193  */
194 void string_list_remove_duplicates(struct string_list *sorted_list, int free_util);
195 
196 
197 /* Use these functions only on unsorted lists: */
198 
199 /**
200  * Add string to the end of list.  If list->strdup_string is set, then
201  * string is copied; otherwise the new string_list_entry refers to the
202  * input string.
203  */
204 struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
205 
206 /**
207  * Like string_list_append(), except string is never copied.  When
208  * list->strdup_strings is set, this function can be used to hand
209  * ownership of a malloc()ed string to list without making an extra
210  * copy.
211  */
212 struct string_list_item *string_list_append_nodup(struct string_list *list, char *string);
213 
214 /**
215  * Sort the list's entries by string value in order specified by list->cmp
216  * (strcmp() if list->cmp is NULL).
217  */
218 void string_list_sort(struct string_list *list);
219 
220 /**
221  * Like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists. Linear in
222  * size of the list.
223  */
224 int unsorted_string_list_has_string(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
225 
226 /**
227  * Like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists. Linear in size
228  * of the list.
229  */
230 struct string_list_item *unsorted_string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list,
231 						     const char *string);
232 /**
233  * Remove an item from a string_list. The `string` pointer of the
234  * items will be freed in case the `strdup_strings` member of the
235  * string_list is set. The third parameter controls if the `util`
236  * pointer of the items should be freed or not.
237  */
238 void unsorted_string_list_delete_item(struct string_list *list, int i, int free_util);
239 
240 /**
241  * Split string into substrings on character `delim` and append the
242  * substrings to `list`.  The input string is not modified.
243  * list->strdup_strings must be set, as new memory needs to be
244  * allocated to hold the substrings.  If maxsplit is non-negative,
245  * then split at most maxsplit times.  Return the number of substrings
246  * appended to list.
247  *
248  * Examples:
249  *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', -1) -> ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
250  *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', 0) -> ["foo:bar:baz"]
251  *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', 1) -> ["foo", "bar:baz"]
252  *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:", ':', -1) -> ["foo", "bar", ""]
253  *   string_list_split(l, "", ':', -1) -> [""]
254  *   string_list_split(l, ":", ':', -1) -> ["", ""]
255  */
256 int string_list_split(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
257 		      int delim, int maxsplit);
258 
259 /*
260  * Like string_list_split(), except that string is split in-place: the
261  * delimiter characters in string are overwritten with NULs, and the
262  * new string_list_items point into string (which therefore must not
263  * be modified or freed while the string_list is in use).
264  * list->strdup_strings must *not* be set.
265  */
266 int string_list_split_in_place(struct string_list *list, char *string,
267 			       int delim, int maxsplit);
268 #endif /* STRING_LIST_H */
269