Short: Port of GNU make with SAS/C (no ixemul.library required)
Author: GNU, Amiga port by Aaron "Optimizer" Digulla
Uploader: Aaron "Optimizer" Digulla (digulla@fh-konstanz.de)
Type: dev/c

This is a pure Amiga port of GNU make. It needs no extra libraries or
anything. It has the following features (in addition to any features of
GNU make):

- Runs Amiga-Commands with SystemTags() (Execute)
- Can run multi-line statements
- Allows to use Device-Names in targets:

	c:make : make.o

    is ok. To distinguish between device-names and target : or ::, MAKE
    looks for spaces. If there are any around :, it's taken as a target
    delimiter, if there are none, it's taken as the name of a device. Note
    that "make:make.o" tries to create "make.o" on the device "make:".
- Replaces @@ by a newline in any command line:

	if exists make @@\
	    delete make.bak quiet @@\
	    rename make make.bak @@\
	endif @@\
	$(CC) Link Make.o To make

    works. Note that the @@ must stand alone (ie. "make@@\" is illegal).
    Also be carefull that there is a space after the "\" (ie, at the
    beginning of the next line).
- Can be made resident to save space and time
- Amiga specific wildcards can be used in $(wildcard ...)

BUGS:
- The line

    dummy.h : src/*.c

tries to make dummy.h from "src/*.c" (ie. no wildcard-expansion takes
place). You have to use "$(wildcard src/*.c)" instead.

COMPILING FROM SCRATCH
----------------------

To recompile, you need SAS/C 6.51. make itself is not neccessary, there
is an smakefile.

1. Copy config.ami to config.h
2. If you use make to compie, copy Makefile.ami to Makefile and
    glob/Makefile.ami to glob/Makefile. Copy make into the current
    directory.

3. Run smake/make

INSTALLATION

Copy make somewhere in your search path (eg. sc:c or sc:bin).
If you plan to use recursive makes, install make resident:

    Resident make Add


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Port of GNU Make to 32-bit protected mode on MSDOS and MS-Windows.

Builds with DJGPP v2 port of GNU C/C++ compiler and utilities.


New (since 3.74) DOS-specific features:

   1. Supports long filenames when run from DOS box on Windows 9x.

   2. Supports both stock DOS COMMAND.COM and Unix-style shells
      (details in ``Notes'' below).

   3. Supports DOS drive letters in dependencies and pattern rules.

   4. Better support for DOS-style backslashes in pathnames (but see
      ``Notes'' below).

   5. The $(shell) built-in can run arbitrary complex commands,
      including pipes and redirection, even when COMMAND.COM is your
      shell.

   6. Can be built without floating-point code (see below).

   7. Supports signals in child programs and restores the original
      directory if the child was interrupted.

   8. Can be built without (a previous version of) Make.

   9. The build process requires only standard tools.  (Optional
      targets like "install:" and "clean:" still need additional
      programs, though, see below.)

  10. Beginning with v3.78, the test suite works in the DJGPP
      environment (requires Perl and auxiliary tools; see below).


To install a binary distribution:

   Simply unzip the makNNNb.zip file (where NNN is the version number)
   preserving the directory structure (-d switch if you use PKUNZIP).
   If you are installing Make on Windows 9X or Windows 2000, use an
   unzip program that supports long filenames in zip files.  After
   unzipping, make sure the directory with make.exe is on your PATH,
   and that's all you need to use Make.


To build from sources:

   1. Unzip the archive, preserving the directory structure (-d switch
      if you use PKUNZIP).  If you build Make on Windows 9X or Windows
      2000, use an unzip program that supports long filenames in zip
      files.

      If you are unpacking an official GNU source distribution, use
      either DJTAR (which is part of the DJGPP development
      environment), or the DJGPP port of GNU Tar.

   2. Invoke the `configure.bat' batch file.

      If you are building Make in-place, i.e. in the same directory
      where its sources are kept, just type "configure.bat" and press
      [Enter].  Otherwise, you need to supply the path to the source
      directory as an argument to the batch file, like this:

	c:\djgpp\gnu\make-%VERSION%\configure.bat c:/djgpp/gnu/make-%VERSION%

      Note the forward slashes in the source path argument: you MUST
      use them here.

   3. If configure.bat doesn't find a working Make, it will suggest to
      use the `dosbuild.bat' batch file to build Make.  Either do as it
      suggests or install another Make program (a pre-compiled binary
      should be available from the usual DJGPP sites) and rerun
      configure.bat.

   4. If you will need to run Make on machines without an FPU, you
      might consider building a version of Make which doesn't issue
      floating-point instructions (they don't help much on MSDOS
      anyway).  To this end, edit the Makefile created by
      configure.bat and add -DNO_FLOAT to the value of CPPFLAGS.

   5. Invoke Make.

      If you are building from outside of the source directory, you
      need to tell Make where the sources are, like this:

	        make srcdir=c:/djgpp/gnu/make-%VERSION%

      (configure.bat will tell you this when it finishes).  You MUST
      use a full, not relative, name of the source directory here, or
      else Make might fail.

   6. After Make finishes, if you have a Unix-style shell installed,
      you can use the `install' target to install the package.  You
      will also need GNU Fileutils and GNU Sed for this (they should
      be available from the DJGPP sites).

      By default, GNU make will install into your DJGPP installation
      area.  If you wish to use a different directory, override the
      DESTDIR variable when invoking "make install", like this:

		make install DESTDIR=c:/other/dir

      This causes the make executable to be placed in c:/other/dir/bin,
      the man pages in c:/other/dir/man, etc.

      Without a Unix-style shell, you will have to install programs
      and the docs manually.  Copy make.exe to a directory on your
      PATH, make.i* info files to your Info directory, and update the
      file `dir' in your Info directory by adding the following item
      to the main menu:

	* Make: (make.info).           The GNU make utility.

      If you have the `install-info' program (from the GNU Texinfo
      package), it will do that for you if you invoke it like this:

	install-info --info-dir=c:/djgpp/info c:/djgpp/info/make.info

      (If your Info directory is other than C:\DJGPP\INFO, change this
      command accordingly.)

   7. The `clean' targets also require Unix-style shell, and GNU Sed
      and `rm' programs (the latter from Fileutils).

   8. To run the test suite, type "make check".  This requires a Unix
      shell (I used the DJGPP port of Bash 2.03), Perl, Sed, Fileutils
      and Sh-utils.


Notes:
-----

   1. The shell issue.

      This is probably the most significant improvement, first
      introduced in the port of GNU Make 3.75.

      The original behavior of GNU Make is to invoke commands
      directly, as long as they don't include characters special to
      the shell or internal shell commands, because that is faster.
      When shell features like redirection or filename wildcards are
      involved, Make calls the shell.

      This port supports both DOS shells (the stock COMMAND.COM and its
      4DOS/NDOS replacements), and Unix-style shells (tested with the
      venerable Stewartson's `ms_sh' 2.3 and the DJGPP port of `bash' by
      Daisuke Aoyama <jack@st.rim.or.jp>).

      When the $SHELL variable points to a Unix-style shell, Make
      works just like you'd expect on Unix, calling the shell for any
      command that involves characters special to the shell or
      internal shell commands.  The only difference is that, since
      there is no standard way to pass command lines longer than the
      infamous DOS 126-character limit, this port of Make writes the
      command line to a temporary disk file and then invokes the shell
      on that file.

      If $SHELL points to a DOS-style shell, however, Make will not
      call it automatically, as it does with Unix shells.  Stock
      COMMAND.COM is too dumb and would unnecessarily limit the
      functionality of Make.  For example, you would not be able to
      use long command lines in commands that use redirection or
      pipes.  Therefore, when presented with a DOS shell, this port of
      Make will emulate most of the shell functionality, like
      redirection and pipes, and shall only call the shell when a
      batch file or a command internal to the shell is invoked.  (Even
      when a command is an internal shell command, Make will first
      search the $PATH for it, so that if a Makefile calls `mkdir',
      you can install, say, a port of GNU `mkdir' and have it called
      in that case.)

      The key to all this is the extended functionality of `spawn' and
      `system' functions from the DJGPP library; this port just calls
      `system' where it would invoke the shell on Unix.  The most
      important aspect of these functions is that they use a special
      mechanism to pass long (up to 16KB) command lines to DJGPP
      programs.  In addition, `system' emulates some internal
      commands, like `cd' (so that you can now use forward slashes
      with it, and can also change the drive if the directory is on
      another drive).  Another aspect worth mentioning is that you can
      call Unix shell scripts directly, provided that the shell whose
      name is mentioned on the first line of the script is installed
      anywhere along the $PATH.  It is impossible to tell here
      everything about these functions; refer to the DJGPP library
      reference for more details.

      The $(shell) built-in is implemented in this port by calling
      `popen'.  Since `popen' calls `system', the above considerations
      are valid for $(shell) as well.  In particular, you can put
      arbitrary complex commands, including pipes and redirection,
      inside $(shell), which is in many cases a valid substitute for
      the Unix-style command substitution (`command`) feature.


   2. "SHELL=/bin/sh" -- or is it?

      Many Unix Makefiles include a line which sets the SHELL, for
      those versions of Make which don't have this as the default.
      Since many DOS systems don't have `sh' installed (in fact, most
      of them don't even have a `/bin' directory), this port takes
      such directives with a grain of salt.  It will only honor such a
      directive if the basename of the shell name (like `sh' in the
      above example) can indeed be found in the directory that is
      mentioned in the SHELL= line (`/bin' in the above example), or
      in the current working directory, or anywhere on the $PATH (in
      that order).  If the basename doesn't include a filename
      extension, Make will look for any known extension that indicates
      an executable file (.exe, .com, .bat, .btm, .sh, and even .sed
      and .pl).  If any such file is found, then $SHELL will be
      defined to the exact pathname of that file, and that shell will
      hence be used for the rest of processing.  But if the named
      shell is *not* found, the line which sets it will be effectively
      ignored, leaving the value of $SHELL as it was before.  Since a
      lot of decisions that this port makes depend on the gender of
      the shell, I feel it doesn't make any sense to tailor Make's
      behavior to a shell which is nowhere to be found.

      Note that the above special handling of "SHELL=" only happens
      for Makefiles; if you set $SHELL in the environment or on the
      Make command line, you are expected to give the complete
      pathname of the shell, including the filename extension.

      The default value of $SHELL is computed as on Unix (see the Make
      manual for details), except that if $SHELL is not defined in the
      environment, $COMSPEC is used.  Also, if an environment variable
      named $MAKESHELL is defined, it takes precedence over both
      $COMSPEC and $SHELL.  Note that, unlike Unix, $SHELL in the
      environment *is* used to set the shell (since on MSDOS, it's
      unlikely that the interactive shell will not be suitable for
      Makefile processing).

      The bottom line is that you can now write Makefiles where some
      of the targets require a real (i.e. Unix-like) shell, which will
      nevertheless work when such shell is not available (provided, of
      course, that the commands which should always work, don't
      require such a shell).  More important, you can convert Unix
      Makefiles to MSDOS and leave the line which sets the shell
      intact, so that people who do have Unixy shell could use it for
      targets which aren't converted to DOS (like `install' and
      `uninstall', for example).


   3. Default directories.

      GNU Make knows about standard directories where it searches for
      library and include files mentioned in the Makefile.  Since
      MSDOS machines don't have standard places for these, this port
      will search ${DJDIR}/lib and ${DJDIR}/include respectively.
      $DJDIR is defined automatically by the DJGPP startup code as the
      root of the DJGPP installation tree (unless you've tampered with
      the DJGPP.ENV file).  This should provide reasonable default
      values, unless you moved parts of DJGPP to other directories.


   4. Letter-case in filenames.

      If you run Make on Windows 9x, you should be aware of the
      letter-case issue.  Make is internally case-sensitive, but all
      file operations are case-insensitive on Windows 9x, so
      e.g. files `FAQ', `faq' and `Faq' all refer to the same file, as
      far as Windows is concerned.  The underlying DJGPP C library
      functions honor the letter-case of the filenames they get from
      the OS, except that by default, they down-case 8+3 DOS filenames
      which are stored in upper case in the directory and would break
      many Makefiles otherwise.  (The details of which filenames are
      converted to lower case are explained in the DJGPP libc docs,
      under the `_preserve_fncase' and `_lfn_gen_short_fname'
      functions, but as a thumb rule, any filename that is stored in
      upper case in the directory, is a valid DOS 8+3 filename and
      doesn't include characters invalid on MSDOS FAT filesystems,
      will be automatically down-cased.)  User reports that I have
      indicate that this default behavior is generally what you'd
      expect; however, your input is most welcome.

      In any case, if you hit a situation where you must force Make to
      get the 8+3 DOS filenames in upper case, set FNCASE=y in the
      environment or in the Makefile.


   5. DOS-style pathnames.

      There are a lot of places throughout the program sources which
      make implicit assumptions about the pathname syntax.  In
      particular, the directories are assumed to be separated by `/',
      and any pathname which doesn't begin with a `/' is assumed to be
      relative to the current directory.  This port attempts to
      support DOS-style pathnames which might include the drive letter
      and use backslashes instead of forward slashes.  However, this
      support is not complete; I feel that pursuing this support too
      far might break some more important features, particularly if
      you use a Unix-style shell (where a backslash is a quote
      character).  I only consider support of backslashes desirable
      because some Makefiles invoke non-DJGPP programs which don't
      understand forward slashes.  A notable example of such programs
      is the standard programs which come with MSDOS.  Otherwise, you
      are advised to stay away from backslashes whenever possible.  In
      particular, filename globbing won't work on pathnames with
      backslashes, because the GNU `glob' library doesn't support them
      (backslash is special in filename wildcards, and I didn't want
      to break that).

      One feature which *does* work with backslashes is the filename-
      related built-in functions such as $(dir), $(notdir), etc.
      Drive letters in pathnames are also fully supported.



Bug reports:
-----------

   Bugs that are clearly related to the MSDOS/DJGPP port should be
   reported first on the comp.os.msdos.djgpp news group (if you cannot
   post to Usenet groups, write to the DJGPP mailing list,
   <djgpp@delorie.com>, which is an email gateway into the above news
   group).  For other bugs, please follow the procedure explained in
   the "Bugs" chapter of the Info docs.  If you don't have an Info
   reader, look up that chapter in the `make.i1' file with any text
   browser/editor.


   Enjoy,
			Eli Zaretskii <eliz@is.elta.co.il>


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Port of GNU make to OS/2.

Features of GNU make that do not work under OS/2:
  - remote job execution
  - dynamic load balancing


Special features of the OS/2 version:

Due to the fact that some people might want to use sh syntax in
Makefiles while others might want to use OS/2's native shell cmd.exe,
GNU make supports both shell types. The following list defines the order
that is used to determine the shell:

 1. The shell specified by the environment variable MAKESHELL.
 2. The shell specified by the SHELL variable within a Makefile. Like
    Unix, SHELL is NOT taken from the environment.
 3. The shell specified by the COMSPEC environment variable.
 4. The shell specified by the OS2_SHELL environment variable.
 5. If none of the above is defined /bin/sh is used as default.  This
    happens e.g. in the make testsuite.

Note: - Points 3 and 4 can be turned off at compile time by adding
        -DNO_CMD_DEFAULT to the CPPFLAGS.
      - DOS support is not tested for EMX and therefore might not work.
      - The UNIXROOT environment variable is supported to find /bin/sh
        if it is not on the current drive.


COMPILATION OF GNU MAKE FOR OS/2:

I. ***** SPECIAL OPTIONS *****

 - At compile time you can turn off that cmd is used as default shell
   (but only /bin/sh). Simply set CPPFLAGS="-DNO_CMD_DEFAULT" and make
   will not use cmd unless you cause it to do so by setting MAKESHELL to
   cmd or by specifying SHELL=cmd in your Makefile.

 - At compile time you can set CPPFLAGS="-DNO_CHDIR2" to turn off that
   GNU make prints drive letters. This is necessary if you want to run
   the testsuite.


II. ***** REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COMPILATION *****

A standard Unix like build environment:

 - sh compatible shell (ksh, bash, ash, but tested only with pdksh 5.2.14
   release 2)
   If you use pdksh it is recommended to update to 5.2.14 release 2. Older
   versions may not work! You can get this version at
   http://www.math.ohio-state.edu/~ilya/software/os2/pdksh-5.2.14-bin-2.zip
 - GNU file utilities (make sure that install.exe from the file utilities
   is in front of your PATH before X:\OS2\INSTALL\INSTALL.EXE. I recommend
   also to change the filename to ginstall.exe instead of install.exe
   to avoid confusion with X:\OS2\INSTALL\INSTALL.EXE)
 - GNU shell utilities
 - GNU text utilities
 - gawk
 - grep
 - sed
 - GNU make 3.79.1 (special OS/2 patched version) or higher
 - perl 5.005 or higher
 - GNU texinfo (you can use 3.1 (gnuinfo.zip), but I recommend 4.0)

If you want to recreate the configuration files (developers only!)
you need also: GNU m4 1.4, autoconf 2.59, automake 1.9.6 (or compatible)


III. ***** COMPILATION AND INSTALLATION *****

 a) ** Developers only - Everyone else should skip this section **
    To recreate the configuration files use:

      export EMXSHELL=ksh
      aclocal -I config
      automake
      autoconf
      autoheader


b) Installation into x:/usr

   Note: Although it is possible to compile make using "./configure",
         "make", "make install" this is not recommended.  In particular,
         you must ALWAYS use LDFLAGS="-Zstack 0x6000" because the default
         stack size is far to small and make will not work properly!

Recommended environment variables and installation options:

    export ac_executable_extensions=".exe"
    export CPPFLAGS="-D__ST_MT_ERRNO__"
    export CFLAGS="-O2 -Zomf -Zmt"
    export LDFLAGS="-Zcrtdll -Zlinker /exepack:2 -Zlinker /pm:vio -Zstack 0x6000"
    export RANLIB="echo"
    ./configure --prefix=x:/usr --infodir=x:/usr/share/info --mandir=x:/usr/share/man --without-included-gettext
    make AR=emxomfar
    make install

Note: If you use gcc 2.9.x I recommend to set also LIBS="-lgcc"

Note: You can add -DNO_CMD_DEFAULT and -DNO_CHDIR2 to CPPFLAGS.
      See section I. for details.


IV. ***** NLS support *****

GNU make has NLS (National Language Support), with the following
caveats:

 a) It will only work with GNU gettext, and
 b) GNU gettext support is not included in the GNU make package.

Therefore, if you wish to enable the internationalization features of
GNU make you must install GNU gettext on your system before configuring
GNU make.

You can choose the languages to be installed. To install support for
English, German and French only enter:

  export LINGUAS="en de fr"

If you don't specify LINGUAS all languages are installed.

If you don't want NLS support (English only) use the option
--disable-nls for the configure script.  Note if GNU gettext is not
installed then NLS will not be enabled regardless of this flag.


V. ***** Running the make test suite *****

To run the included make test suite you have to set

  CPPFLAGS="-D__ST_MT_ERRNO__ -DNO_CMD_DEFAULT -DNO_CHDIR2"

before you compile make. This is due to some restrictions of the
testsuite itself. -DNO_CMD_DEFAULT causes make to use /bin/sh as default
shell in every case. Normally you could simply set MAKESHELL="/bin/sh"
to do this but the testsuite ignores the environment. -DNO_CHDIR2 causes
make not to use drive letters for directory names (i.e. _chdir2() and
_getcwd2() are NOT used).  The testsuite interpretes the whole output of
make, especially statements like make[1]: Entering directory
`C:/somewhere/make-3.79.1/tests' where the testsuite does not expect the
drive letter. This would be interpreted as an error even if there is
none.

To run the testsuite do the following:

  export CPPFLAGS="-D__ST_MT_ERRNO__ -DNO_CMD_DEFAULT -DNO_CHDIR2"
  export CFLAGS="-Zomf -O2 -Zmt"
  export LDFLAGS="-Zcrtdll -s -Zlinker /exepack:2 -Zlinker /pm:vio -Zstack 0x6000"
  export RANLIB="echo"
  ./configure --prefix=x:/usr --disable-nls
  make AR=emxomfar
  make check

All tests should work fine with the exception of one of the "INCLUDE_DIRS"
tests which will fail if your /usr/include directory is on a drive different
from the make source tree.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

This version of GNU make has been tested on Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/2003.
It has also been used on Windows 95/98/NT, and on OS/2.

It builds with the MinGW port of GCC (tested with GCC 3.4.2).

It also builds with MSVC 2.x, 4.x, 5.x, 6.x, and 2003 as well as
with .NET 7.x and .NET 2003.

The Windows 32-bit port of GNU make is maintained jointly by various
people.  It was originally made by Rob Tulloh.


Do this first, regardless of the build method you choose:
---------------------------------------------------------

 1. At the Windows command prompt run:

      if not exist NMakefile copy NMakefile.template NMakefile
      if not exist config.h copy config.h.W32 config.h

    Then edit config.h to your liking (especially the few shell-related
    defines near the end, or HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS which corresponds
    to './configure --enable-case-insensitive-file-system').


Using make_msvc_net2003.vcproj
------------------------------

 2. Open make_msvc_net2003.vcproj in MSVS71 or MSVC71 or any compatible IDE,
    then build this project as usual.  There's also a solution file for
    Studio 2003.


Building with (MinGW-)GCC using build_w32.bat
---------------------------------------------

 2. Open a W32 command prompt for your installed (MinGW-)GCC, setup a
    correct PATH and other environment variables for it, then execute ...

	build_w32.bat gcc

    This produces gnumake.exe in the current directory.


Building with (MSVC++-)cl using build_w32.bat or NMakefile
----------------------------------------------------------

 2. Open a W32 command prompt for your installed (MSVC++-)cl, setup a
    correct PATH and other environment variables for it (usually via
    executing vcvars32.bat or vsvars32.bat from the cl-installation,
    e.g. "%VS71COMNTOOLS%vsvars32.bat"; or using a corresponding start
    menue entry from the cl-installation), then execute EITHER ...

	build_w32.bat

    (this produces WinDebug/gnumake.exe and WinRel/gnumake.exe)

    ... OR ...

	nmake /f NMakefile

    (this produces WinDebug/make.exe and WinRel/make.exe).


-------------------
-- Notes/Caveats --
-------------------

GNU make on Windows 32-bit platforms:

	This version of make is ported natively to Windows32 platforms
	(Windows NT 3.51, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP,
	Windows 95, and Windows 98). It does not rely on any 3rd party
	software or add-on packages for building. The only thing
	needed is a Windows compiler.  Two compilers supported
	officially are the MinGW port of GNU GCC, and the various
	versions of the Microsoft C compiler.

	Do not confuse this port of GNU make with other Windows32 projects
	which provide a GNU make binary. These are separate projects
	and are not connected to this port effort.

GNU make and sh.exe:

	This port prefers if you have a working sh.exe somewhere on
	your system. If you don't have sh.exe, the port falls back to
	MSDOS mode for launching programs (via a batch file).  The
	MSDOS mode style execution has not been tested that carefully
	though (The author uses GNU bash as sh.exe).

	There are very few true ports of Bourne shell for NT right now.
	There is a version of GNU bash available from Cygnus "Cygwin"
	porting effort (http://www.cygwin.com/).
	Other possibilities are the MKS version of sh.exe, or building
        your own with a package like NutCracker (DataFocus) or Portage
        (Consensys).  Also MinGW includes sh (http://mingw.org/).

GNU make and brain-dead shells (BATCH_MODE_ONLY_SHELL):

	Some versions of Bourne shell do not behave well when invoked
	as 'sh -c' from CreateProcess().  The main problem is they seem
	to have a hard time handling quoted strings correctly. This can
	be circumvented by writing commands to be executed to a batch
	file and then executing the command by calling 'sh file'.

	To work around this difficulty, this version of make supports
	a batch mode.  When BATCH_MODE_ONLY_SHELL is defined at compile
	time, make forces all command lines to be executed via script
	files instead of by command line.  In this mode you must have a
	working sh.exe in order to use parallel builds (-j).

	A native Windows32 system with no Bourne shell will also run
	in batch mode.  All command lines will be put into batch files
	and executed via $(COMSPEC) (%COMSPEC%).  However, parallel
	builds ARE supported with Windows shells (cmd.exe and
	command.com).  See the next section about some peculiarities
	of parallel builds on Windows.

Support for parallel builds

	Parallel builds (-jN) are supported in this port, with 2
	limitations:

	  - The number of concurrent processes has a hard limit of 64,
            due to the way this port implements waiting for its
            subprocesses;

	  - The job server method (available when Make runs on Posix
            platforms) is not supported, which means you must pass an
            explicit -jN switch to sub-Make's in a recursive Makefile.
            If a sub-Make does not receive an explicit -jN switch, it
            will default to -j1, i.e. no parallelism in sub-Make's.

GNU make and Cygnus GNU Windows32 tools:

	Good news! Make now has native support for Cygwin sh. To enable,
	define the HAVE_CYGWIN_SHELL in config.h and rebuild make
	from scratch. This version of make tested with B20.1 of Cygwin.
	Do not define BATCH_MODE_ONLY_SHELL if you use HAVE_CYGWIN_SHELL.

GNU make and the MKS shell:

	There is now semi-official support for the MKS shell. To turn this
	support on, define HAVE_MKS_SHELL in the config.h.W32 before you
	build make.  Do not define BATCH_MODE_ONLY_SHELL if you turn
	on HAVE_MKS_SHELL.

GNU make handling of drive letters in pathnames (PATH, vpath, VPATH):

	There is a caveat that should be noted with respect to handling
	single character pathnames on Windows systems.	When colon is
	used in PATH variables, make tries to be smart about knowing when
	you are using colon as a separator versus colon as a drive
	letter.	 Unfortunately, something as simple as the string 'x:/'
	could be interpreted 2 ways: (x and /) or (x:/).

	Make chooses to interpret a letter plus colon (e.g. x:/) as a
	drive letter pathname.	If it is necessary to use single
	character directories in paths (VPATH, vpath, Path, PATH), the
	user must do one of two things:

	 a. Use semicolon as the separator to disambiguate colon. For
	    example use 'x;/' if you want to say 'x' and '/' are
	    separate components.

	 b. Qualify the directory name so that there is more than
	    one character in the path(s) used. For example, none
	    of these settings are ambiguous:

	      ./x:./y
	      /some/path/x:/some/path/y
	      x:/some/path/x:x:/some/path/y

	Please note that you are free to mix colon and semi-colon in the
	specification of paths.	 Make is able to figure out the intended
	result and convert the paths internally to the format needed
	when interacting with the operating system, providing the path
	is not within quotes, e.g. "x:/test/test.c".

	You are encouraged to use colon as the separator character.
	This should ease the pain of deciding how to handle various path
	problems which exist between platforms.	 If colon is used on
	both Unix and Windows systems, then no ifdef'ing will be
	necessary in the makefile source.

GNU make test suite:

	I verified all functionality with a slightly modified version
	of make-test-%VERSION% (modifications to get test suite to run
	on Windows NT). All tests pass in an environment that includes
	sh.exe.  Tests were performed on both Windows NT and Windows 95.

Pathnames and white space:

	Unlike Unix, Windows 95/NT systems encourage pathnames which
	contain white space (e.g. C:\Program Files\). These sorts of
	pathnames are valid on Unix too, but are never encouraged.
	There is at least one place in make (VPATH/vpath handling) where
	paths containing white space will simply not work. There may be
	others too. I chose to not try and port make in such a way so
	that these sorts of paths could be handled. I offer these
	suggestions as workarounds:

		1. Use 8.3 notation. i.e. "x:/long~1/", which is actually
		   "x:\longpathtest".  Type "dir /x" to view these filenames
		   within the cmd.exe shell.
		2. Rename the directory so it does not contain white space.

	If you are unhappy with this choice, this is free software
	and you are free to take a crack at making this work. The code
	in w32/pathstuff.c and vpath.c would be the places to start.

Pathnames and Case insensitivity:

	Unlike Unix, Windows 95/NT systems are case insensitive but case
	preserving.  For example if you tell the file system to create a
	file named "Target", it will preserve the case.  Subsequent access to
	the file with other case permutations will succeed (i.e. opening a
	file named "target" or "TARGET" will open the file "Target").

	By default, GNU make retains its case sensitivity when comparing
	target names and existing files or directories.  It can be
	configured, however, into a case preserving and case insensitive
	mode by adding a define for HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS to
	config.h.W32.

	For example, the following makefile will create a file named
	Target in the directory subdir which will subsequently be used
	to satisfy the dependency of SUBDIR/DepTarget on SubDir/TARGET.
	Without HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS configured, the dependency link
	will not be made:

	subdir/Target:
		touch $@

	SUBDIR/DepTarget: SubDir/TARGET
		cp $^ $@

	Reliance on this behavior also eliminates the ability of GNU make
	to use case in comparison of matching rules.  For example, it is
	not possible to set up a C++ rule using %.C that is different
	than a C rule using %.c.  GNU make will consider these to be the
	same rule and will issue a warning.

SAMBA/NTFS/VFAT:

	I have not had any success building the debug version of this
	package using SAMBA as my file server. The reason seems to be
	related to the way VC++ 4.0 changes the case name of the pdb
	filename it is passed on the command line. It seems to change
	the name always to to lower case. I contend that the VC++
	compiler should not change the casename of files that are passed
	as arguments on the command line. I don't think this was a
	problem in MSVC 2.x, but I know it is a problem in MSVC 4.x.

	The package builds fine on VFAT and NTFS filesystems.

	Most all of the development I have done to date has been using
	NTFS and long file names. I have not done any considerable work
	under VFAT. VFAT users may wish to be aware that this port of
	make does respect case sensitivity.

FAT:

	Version 3.76 added support for FAT filesystems. Make works
	around some difficulties with stat'ing of files and caching of
	filenames and directories internally.

Bug reports:

	Please submit bugs via the normal bug reporting mechanism which
	is described in the GNU make manual and the base README.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

                                                            -*-indented-text-*-

GNU make can utilize the Customs library, distributed with Pmake, to
provide builds distributed across multiple hosts.

In order to utilize this capability, you must first download and build
the Customs library.  It is contained in the Pmake distribution, which
can be obtained at:

  ftp://ftp.icsi.berkeley.edu/pub/ai/stolcke/software/

This integration was tested (superficially) with Pmake 2.1.33.


BUILDING CUSTOMS
----------------

First, build pmake and Customs.  You need to build pmake first, because
Customs require pmake to build.  Unfortunately, this is not trivial;
please see the pmake and Customs documentation for details.  The best
place to look for instructions is in the pmake-2.1.33/INSTALL file.

Note that the 2.1.33 Pmake distribution comes with a set of patches to
GNU make, distributed in the pmake-2.1.33/etc/gnumake/ directory.  These
patches are based on GNU make 3.75 (there are patches for earlier
versions of GNU make, also).  The parts of this patchfile which relate
directly to Customs support have already been incorporated into this
version of GNU make, so you should _NOT_ apply the patch file.

However, there are a few non-Customs specific (as far as I could tell)
changes here which are not incorporated (for example, the modification
to try expanding -lfoo to libfoo.so).  If you rely on these changes
you'll need to re-apply them by hand.

Install the Customs library and header files according to the
documentation.  You should also install the man pages (contrary to
comments in the documentation, they weren't installed automatically for
me; I had to cd to the ``pmake-2.1.33/doc'' directory and run ``pmake
install'' there directly).


BUILDING GNU MAKE
-----------------

Once you've installed Customs, you can build GNU make to use it.  When
configuring GNU make, merely use the ``--with-customs=DIR'' option.
Provide the directory containing the ``lib'' and ``include/customs''
subdirectories as DIR.  For example, if you installed the customs
library in /usr/local/lib and the headers in /usr/local/include/customs,
then you'd pass ``--with-customs=/usr/local'' as an option to configure.

Run make (or use build.sh) normally to build GNU make as described in
the INSTALL file.

See the documentation for Customs for information on starting and
configuring Customs.


INVOKING CUSTOMS-IZED GNU MAKE
-----------------------------

One thing you should be aware of is that the default build environment
for Customs requires root permissions.  Practically, this means that GNU
make must be installed setuid root to use Customs.

If you don't want to do this, you can build Customs such that root
permissions are not necessary.  Andreas Stolcke <stolcke@speech.sri.com>
writes:

 > pmake, gnumake or any other customs client program is not required to
 > be suid root if customs was compiled WITHOUT the USE_RESERVED_PORTS
 > option in customs/config.h.  Make sure the "customs" service in
 > /etc/services is defined accordingly (port 8231 instead of 1001).

 > Not using USE_RESERVED_PORTS means that a user with programming
 > skills could impersonate another user by writing a fake customs
 > client that pretends to be someone other than himself.  See the
 > discussion in etc/SECURITY.


PROBLEMS
--------

SunOS 4.1.x:
  The customs/sprite.h header file #includes the <malloc.h> header
  files; this conflicts with GNU make's configuration so you'll get a
  compile error if you use GCC (or any other ANSI-capable C compiler).

  I commented out the #include in sprite.h:107:

    #if defined(sun) || defined(ultrix) || defined(hpux) || defined(sgi)
    /* #include <malloc.h> */
    #else

  YMMV.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

                                                                     -*-text-*-

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free
Software Foundation, Inc.  This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Obtaining CVS Code
------------------

This seems redundant, since if you're reading this you most likely have
already performed this step; however, for completeness, you can obtain
the GNU make source code via anonymous CVS from the FSF's Savannah
project <http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/make/>:

  $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.savannah.gnu.org:/sources/make co make

You might want to use the "-z3" option to get compression, and you most
certainly will want the -P option to avoid unneeded directories
cluttering up your source.  Personally I add these (as well as -dP for
update) to my ~/.cvsrc file.


If you have an older version of CVS, you might have to login first.
There is no password; just hit the ENTER key if you are asked for one.


Building From CVS
-----------------

To build GNU make from CVS, you will need Autoconf, Automake, and
Gettext, and any tools that those utilities require (GNU m4, Perl,
etc.).  See the configure.in file to find the minimum versions of each
of these tools.  You will also need a copy of wget.

When building from CVS you must build in the source directory: "VPATH
builds" from remote directories are not supported.  Once you've created
a distribution, of course, you can unpack it and do a VPATH build from
there.

After checking out the code, you will need to perform these steps to get
to the point where you can run "make".


 1) $ autoreconf -i

    This rebuilds all the things that need rebuilding, installing
    missing files as symbolic links.

    You may get warnings here about missing files like README, etc.
    Ignore them, they are harmless.


 2) $ ./configure

    Generate a Makefile


 3) $ make update

    Use wget to retrieve various other files that GNU make relies on,
    but does not keep in its own source tree.

    NB: You may need GNU make to correctly perform this step; if you use
    a platform-local make you may get problems with missing files in doc/.


At this point you have successfully brought your CVS copy of the GNU
make source directory up to the point where it can be treated
more-or-less like the official package you would get from ftp.gnu.org.
That is, you can just run:

  $ make && make check && make install

to build and install GNU make.


Windows builds from CVS
-----------------------

If you have a UNIX emulation like CYGWIN you can opt to run the general
build procedure above; it will work.  Be sure to read
README.W32.template for information on options you might want to use
when running ./configure.

If you can't or don't want to do that, then rename the file
README.W32.template to README.W32 and follow those instructions.


Creating a Package
------------------

Once you have performed the above steps (including the configuration and
build) you can create a GNU make package.  This is very simple, just
run:

  $ make dist-gzip

and, if you like:

  $ make dist-bzip2

Even better, you should run this:

  $ make distcheck

Which will build both .gz and .bz2 package files, then unpack them into
a temporary location, try to build them, and repack them, verifying that
everything works, you get the same results, _and_ no extraneous files
are left over after the "distclean" rule--whew!!  Now, _that_ is why
converting to Automake is worth the trouble!  A big "huzzah!" to Tom
T. and the AutoToolers!


Steps to Release
----------------

Here are the things that need to be done (in more or less this order)
before making an official release:

  * Update the configure.in file with the new release number.
  * Update the NEWS file with the release number and date.
  * Create the new release in the Savannah "Bugs" Administration for
    both the "Component Version" and "Fixed Release" fields.
  * Create the new release in the Savannah "Patches" Administration for
    the "Fixed Release" field.
  * Update the Savannah bug list URL in the NEWS file to use the correct
    "Fixed Release" ID number.
  * Run "make distcheck" to be sure it all works.
  * Commit everything.
  * cvs tag <RTAG> where RTAG is constructed by replacing each "." in
    the version with "-" and prefixing it with "make-".


Publishing a Package
--------------------

In order to publish a package on the FSF FTP site, either the release
site ftp://ftp.gnu.org, or the prerelease site ftp://alpha.gnu.org, you
first need to have my GPG private key and my passphrase to unlock it.
And, you can't have them!  So there!  But, just so I remember here's
what you do:

  Make sure the "Steps to Release" are complete and committed and tagged.

  cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.savannah.gnu.org:/sources/make \
     export -r<RTAG> -d make-release make

  cd make-release

  <run the commands above to build the release>

  make upload-alpha             # for alpha.gnu.org (pre-releases)
       -OR-
  make upload-ftp               # for ftp.gnu.org (official releases)

It will ask for the GPG passphrase _THREE_ times.  Sigh.


For both final releases and pre-releases, send an email with the URL of
the package to the GNU translation robot to allow the translators to
work on it:

     <translation@iro.umontreal.ca>


Where to Announce
-----------------

Create the announcement in a text file, then sign it with GPG.

  gpg --clearsign <announcement.txt>

Upload to gnu.org, then login and send from my account there.

Email to: make-alpha@gnu.org, bug-make@gnu.org, help-make@gnu.org, make-w32@gnu.org.
Email to: info-gnu@gnu.org

Add a news item to the Savannah project site.

Add an update to freshmeat.net.


Appendix A - For The Brave
--------------------------

For those of you who trust me implicitly, or are just brave (or
foolhardy), here is a canned sequence of commands to build a GNU make
distribution package from a virgin CVS source checkout (assuming all the
prerequisites are available of course).

This list is eminently suitable for a quick swipe o' the mouse and a
swift click o' mouse-2 into an xterm.  Go for it!

autoreconf -i
./configure
make update
make
make check

Or, for a debugging version:

autoreconf -i && ./configure CFLAGS=-g && make update && make && make check

Or, all-in-one:

autoreconf -i && ./configure && make update && make && make check

This directory contains the %VERSION% release of GNU Make.

See the file NEWS for the user-visible changes from previous releases.
In addition, there have been bugs fixed.

Please check the system-specific notes below for any caveats related to
your operating system.

For general building and installation instructions, see the file INSTALL.

If you need to build GNU Make and have no other `make' program to use,
you can use the shell script `build.sh' instead.  To do this, first run
`configure' as described in INSTALL.  Then, instead of typing `make' to
build the program, type `sh build.sh'.  This should compile the program
in the current directory.  Then you will have a Make program that you can
use for `./make install', or whatever else.

Some systems' Make programs are broken and cannot process the Makefile for
GNU Make.  If you get errors from your system's Make when building GNU
Make, try using `build.sh' instead.


GNU Make is free software.  See the file COPYING for copying conditions.


Downloading
-----------

GNU Make can be obtained in many different ways.  See a description here:

  http://www.gnu.org/software/software.html


Documentation
-------------

GNU make is fully documented in the GNU Make manual, which is contained
in this distribution as the file make.texinfo.  You can also find
on-line and preformatted (PostScript and DVI) versions at the FSF's web
site.  There is information there about ordering hardcopy documentation.

  http://www.gnu.org/
  http://www.gnu.org/doc/doc.html
  http://www.gnu.org/manual/manual.html


Development
-----------

GNU Make development is hosted by Savannah, the FSF's online development
management tool.  Savannah is here:

  http://savannah.gnu.org

And the GNU Make development page is here:

  http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/make/

You can find most information concerning the development of GNU Make at
this site.


Bug Reporting
-------------

You can send GNU make bug reports to <bug-make@gnu.org>.  Please see the
section of the GNU make manual entitled `Problems and Bugs' for
information on submitting useful and complete bug reports.

You can also use the online bug tracking system in the Savannah GNU Make
project to submit new problem reports or search for existing ones:

  http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=make

If you need help using GNU make, try these forums:

  help-make@gnu.org
  help-utils@gnu.org
  news:gnu.utils.help
  news:gnu.utils.bug

  http://savannah.gnu.org/support/?group=make

You may also find interesting patches to GNU Make available here:

  http://savannah.gnu.org/patch/?group=make

Note these patches are provided by our users as a service and we make no
statements regarding their correctness.  Please contact the authors
directly if you have a problem or suggestion for a patch available on
this page.


CVS Access
----------

The GNU make source repository is available via anonymous CVS from the
GNU Subversions CVS server; look here for details:

  http://savannah.gnu.org/cvs/?group=make

Please note: you won't be able to build GNU make from CVS without
installing appropriate maintainer's tools, such as GNU m4, automake,
autoconf, Perl, GNU make, and GCC.  See the README.cvs file for hints on
how to build GNU make once these tools are available.  We make no
guarantees about the contents or quality of the latest code in the CVS
repository: it is not unheard of for code that is known to be broken to
be checked in.  Use at your own risk.


System-specific Notes
---------------------

It has been reported that the XLC 1.2 compiler on AIX 3.2 is buggy such
that if you compile make with `cc -O' on AIX 3.2, it will not work
correctly.  It is said that using `cc' without `-O' does work.

The standard /bin/sh on SunOS 4.1.3_U1 and 4.1.4 is broken and cannot be
used to configure GNU make.  Please install a different shell such as
bash or pdksh in order to run "configure".  See this message for more
information:
  http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-autoconf/2003-10/msg00190.html

One area that is often a problem in configuration and porting is the code
to check the system's current load average.  To make it easier to test and
debug this code, you can do `make check-loadavg' to see if it works
properly on your system.  (You must run `configure' beforehand, but you
need not build Make itself to run this test.)

Another potential source of porting problems is the support for large
files (LFS) in configure for those operating systems that provide it.
Please report any bugs that you find in this area.  If you run into
difficulties, then as a workaround you should be able to disable LFS by
adding the `--disable-largefile' option to the `configure' script.

On systems that support micro- and nano-second timestamp values and
where stat(2) provides this information, GNU make will use it when
comparing timestamps to get the most accurate possible result.  However,
note that many current implementations of tools that *set* timestamps do
not preserve micro- or nano-second granularity.  This means that "cp -p"
and other similar tools (tar, etc.) may not exactly duplicate timestamps
with micro- and nano-second granularity on some systems.  If your build
system contains rules that depend on proper behavior of tools like "cp
-p", you should consider using the .LOW_RESOLUTION_TIME pseudo-target to
force make to treat them properly.  See the manual for details.


Ports
-----

  - See README.customs for details on integrating GNU make with the
    Customs distributed build environment from the Pmake distribution.

  - See readme.vms for details about GNU Make on OpenVMS.

  - See README.Amiga for details about GNU Make on AmigaDOS.

  - See README.W32 for details about GNU Make on Windows NT, 95, or 98.

  - See README.DOS for compilation instructions on MS-DOS and MS-Windows
    using DJGPP tools.

    A precompiled binary of the MSDOS port of GNU Make is available as part
    of DJGPP; see the WWW page http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/ for more
    information.

Please note there are two _separate_ ports of GNU make for Microsoft
systems: a native Windows tool built with (for example) MSVC or Cygwin,
and a DOS-based tool built with DJGPP.  Please be sure you are looking
at the right README!


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009,
2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

This is the VMS version of GNU Make, updated by Hartmut Becker

Changes are based on GNU make 3.82.

This version was built and tested on OpenVMS V7.3 (VAX), V7.3-2 (Alpha) and
V8.3-1H1 (I64).

Build instructions
Make a 1st version
       $ @makefile.com  ! ignore any compiler and/or linker warning
       $ rena make.exe 1st-make.exe
Use the 1st version to generate a 2nd version
       $ mc sys$disk:[]1st-make clean
       $ mc sys$disk:[]1st-make
Verify your 2nd version
       $ rena make.exe 2nd-make.exe
       $ mc sys$disk:[]2nd-make clean
       $ mc sys$disk:[]2nd-make

Changes (3.81.90)

Michael Gehre (at VISTEC-SEMI dot COM) supplied a fix for a problem with
timestamps of object modules in OLBs. The timestamps were not correctly
adjusted to GMT based time, if the local VMS time was using a daylight saving
algorithm and if daylight saving was switched off.

John Eisenbraun (at HP dot COM) supplied fixes and and an enhancement to append
output redirection in action lines.

Rework of ctrl+c and ctrl+y handling.

Fix a problem with cached strings, which showed on case-insensitive file
systems.

Build fixes for const-ified code in VMS specific sources.

Build notes:
- Try to avoid HP C V7.2-001, which has an incompatible change
how __STDC__ is defined. This results at least in compile time warnings.

- On V8.3-1H1, if you press Ctrl+C you may see a traceback, starting with
%SYSTEM-F-CONTROLC, operation completed under CTRL/C
%TRACE-F-TRACEBACK, symbolic stack dump follows
image     module    routine               line      rel PC           abs PC

DECC$SHR  C$SIGNAL  gsignal              27991 0000000000001180
FFFFFFFF84AB2DA0
DECC$SHR  C$SIGNAL  raise                28048 0000000000001280
FFFFFFFF84AB2EA0
DECC$SHR  C$SIGPENDING  decc$$deliver_signals
                                         12475 0000000000000890
FFFFFFFF84C13690
...
This looks like an incompatibility to the Alpha and VAX behavior, so it looks
like a problem in I64 VMS version(s).

- There is no clean build on VAX. In the environment I tested, I had to use GNU
make's alloca which produced a couple of compile time warnings. It seems too
much effort to work on a clean build on VAX.

A note on appending the redirected output. With this change, a simple mechanism
is implemented to make ">>" work in action lines. In VMS there is no simple
feature like ">>" to have DCL command or program output redirected and appended
to a file. GNU make for VMS already implements the redirection of output. If
such a redirection is detected, an ">" on the action line, GNU make creates a
DCL command procedure to execute the action and to redirect its output. Based
on that, now ">>" is also recognized and a similar but different command
procedure is created to implement the append. The main idea here is to create a
temporary file which collects the output and which is appended to the wanted
output file. Then the temporary file is deleted. This is all done in the
command procedure to keep changes in make small and simple. This obviously has
some limitations but it seems good enough compared with the current ">"
implementation. (And in my opinion, redirection is not really what GNU make has
to do.) With this approach, it may happen that the temporary file is not yet
appended and is left in SYS$SCRATCH. The temporary file names look like
"CMDxxxxx.". Any time the created command procedure can not complete, this
happens. Pressing Ctrl+Y to abort make is one case. In case of Ctrl+Y the
associated command procedure is left in SYS$SCRATCH as well. Its name is
CMDxxxxx.COM.

Change in the Ctrl+Y handling

Ctrl+Y was: The CtrlY handler called $forcex for the current child.

Ctrl+Y changed: The CtrlY handler uses $delprc to delete all children. This way
also actions with DCL commands will be stopped. As before Ctrl+Y then sends
SIGQUIT to itself, which is handled in common code.

Change in deleteing temporary command files

Temporary command files were deleted in the main line, after returning from the
vms child termination handler. If Ctrl+C was pressed, the handler is called but
did not return to main line.

Now, temporary command files are deleted in the vms child termination
handler. That deletes the them even if a Ctrl+C was pressed.

The behavior of pressing Ctrl+C is not changed. It still has only an effect,
after the current action is terminated. If that doesn't happen or takes too
long, Ctrl+Y should be used instead.

Changes (3.80)

. In default.c define variable ARCH as IA64 for VMS on Itanium systems.

. In makefile.vms avoid name collision for glob and globfree.

In newer version of the VMS CRTL there are glob and globfree implemented.
Compiling and linking may result in

  %ILINK-W-MULDEFLNKG, symbol DECC$GLOBFREE has subsequent linkage definition
       in module DECC$SHR file SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]DECC$SHR.EXE;1
  %ILINK-W-MULDEF, symbol DECC$GLOBFREE multiply defined
       in module DECC$SHR file SYS$COMMON:[SYSLIB]DECC$SHR.EXE;1

linker messages (and similar for DECC$GLOB). The messages just say, that
globfree is a known CRTL whose name was mapped by the compiler to
DECC$GLOBFREE.  This is done in glob.c as well, so this name is defined
twice. One possible solution is to use the VMS versions of glob and
globfree. However, then the build environment needs to figure out if
there is a new CRTL supporting these or not. This adds complexity. Even
more, these functions return VMS file specifications, which is not
expected by the other make sources. There is a switch at run time (a VMS
logical DECC$GLOB_UNIX_STYLE), which can be set to get Unix style
names. This may conflict with other software. The recommended solution
for this is to set this switch just prior to calling main: in an
initialization routine. This adds more complexity and more VMS specific
code. It is easier to tell the compiler NOT to map the routine names
with a simple change in makefile.vms.

Some notes on case sensitive names in rules and on the disk. In the VMS
template for CONFIG.H case sensitive rules can be enabled with defining
WANT_CASE_SENSITIVE_TARGETS. For recent version of VMS there is a case
sensitive file system: ODS5. To make use of that, additionally un-defining
the HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS is required. As these are C macros, different
versions of make need to be built to have any case sensitivity for VMS
working. Unfortunately, for ODS5 disks that's not all.

- Usually DCL upcases command line tokens (except strings) and usually the
  file system is case blind (similar to how Windows systems work)
	$ set proc/parse=extended/case=sensitive
  preserves lower and UPPER on the command line and (for this process and all
  sub-processes) enables case sensitivity in the file system

- Usually the CRTL tries to reverse what DCL did with command line tokens, it
  lowercases all tokens (except strings)
	$ define DECC$ARGV_PARSE_STYLE enable
  passes (the now preserved) lower and UPPER from the command line to main()

- Usually the CRTL upcases the arguments to open() and friends
	$ define DECC$EFS_CASE_PRESERVE enable
  preserves the names as is.

It is important to know that not all VMS tools are ready for case sensitivity.
With this setup some tools may not work as expected. The setup should not
blindly be applied for all users in default login procedures.

Example? The poor coding gives a compiler message, showing that there are
different files:

$ dir

Directory ODS5DISK[HB]

A.c;1               B.c;1               c.c;1               X.c;1
x.c;1

Total of 5 files.
$ ods5make x.obj
cc    /obj=x.obj x.c

foo(){lowercase_x();}
......^
%CC-I-IMPLICITFUNC, In this statement, the identifier "lowercase_x" is implicitly declared as a function.
at line number 1 in file ODS5DISK[HB]x.c;1
$ mc SYS$SYSDEVICE:[HARTMUT.MAKE_3_80P]ods5make X.obj
cc    /obj=X.obj X.c

foo() {UPPERCASE_X();}
.......^
%CC-I-IMPLICITFUNC, In this statement, the identifier "UPPERCASE_X" is implicitly declared as a function.
at line number 1 in file ODS5DISK[HB]X.c;1
$ dir

Directory ODS5DISK[HB]

A.c;1               B.c;1               c.c;1               X.c;1
x.c;1               X.obj;1             x.obj;1

Total of 7 files.
$

This is the VMS port of GNU Make done by Hartmut.Becker@compaq.com.

It is based on the specific version 3.77k and on 3.78.1. 3.77k was done
by Klaus K�mpf <kkaempf@rmi.de>, the code was based on the VMS port of
GNU Make 3.60 by Mike Moretti.

It was ported on OpenVMS/Alpha V7.1, DECC V5.7-006. It was re-build and
tested on OpenVMS/Alpha V7.2, OpenVMS/VAX 7.1 and 5.5-2. Different
versions of DECC were used. VAXC was tried: it fails; but it doesn't
seem worth to get it working. There are still some PTRMISMATCH warnings
during the compile. Although perl is working on VMS the test scripts
don't work. The function $shell is still missing.

There is a known bug in some of the VMS CRTLs. It is in the shipped
versions of VMS V7.2 and V7.2-1 and in the currently (October 1999)
available ECOs for VMS V7.1 and newer versions. It is fixed in versions
shipped with newer VMS versions and all ECO kits after October 1999. It
only shows up during the daylight saving time period (DST): stat()
returns a modification time 1 hour ahead. This results in GNU make
warning messages. For a just created source you will see:

 $ gmake x.exe
 gmake.exe;1: *** Warning: File `x.c' has modification time in the future (940582863 > 940579269)
 cc    /obj=x.obj x.c
 link  x.obj    /exe=x.exe
 gmake.exe;1: *** Warning:  Clock skew detected.  Your build may be incomplete.


New in 3.78.1:

Fix a problem with automatically remaking makefiles. GNU make uses an
execve to restart itself after a successful remake of the makefile. On
UNIX systems execve replaces the running program with a new one and
resets all signal handling to the default. On VMS execve creates a child
process, signal and exit handlers of the parent are still active, and,
unfortunately, corrupt the exit code from the child. Fix in job.c:
ignore SIGCHLD.

Added some switches to reflect latest features of DECC. Modifications in
makefile.vms.

Set some definitions to reflect latest features of DECC. Modifications in
config.h-vms (which is copied to config.h).

Added extern strcmpi declaration to avoid 'implicitly declared' messages.
Modification in make.h.

Default rule for C++, conditionals for gcc (GCC_IS_NATIVE) or DEC/Digital/
Compaq c/c++ compilers. Modifications in default.c.

Usage of opendir() and friends, suppress file version. Modifications in dir.c.

Added VMS specific code to handle ctrl+c and ctrl+y to abort make.
Modifications in job.c.

Added support to have case sensitive targets and dependencies but to
still use case blind file names. This is especially useful for Java
makefiles on VMS:

	.SUFFIXES :
	.SUFFIXES :	.class .java
	.java.class :
		javac "$<
	HelloWorld.class :      HelloWorld.java

A new macro WANT_CASE_SENSITIVE_TARGETS in config.h-vms was introduced.
It needs to be enabled to get this feature; default is disabled.  The
macro HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS must not be touched: it is still enabled.
Modifications in file.c and config.h-vms.

Bootstrap make to start building make is still makefile.com, but make
needs to be re-made with a make to make a correct version: ignore all
possible warnings, delete all objects, rename make.exe to a different
name and run it.

Made some minor modifications to the bootstrap build makefile.com.

This is the VMS port of GNU Make.

It is based on the VMS port of GNU Make 3.60 by Mike Moretti.

This port was done by Klaus K�mpf <kkaempf@rmi.de>

There is first-level support available from proGIS Software, Germany.
Visit their web-site at http://www.progis.de to get information
about other vms software and forthcoming updates to gnu make.

New for 3.77:

/bin/sh style I/O redirection is supported. You can now write lines like
	mcr sys$disk:[]program.exe < input.txt > output.txt &> error.txt

Makefile variables are looked up in the current environment. You can set
symbols or logicals in DCL and evaluate them in the Makefile via
$(<name-of-symbol-or-logical>).  Variables defined in the Makefile
override VMS symbols/logicals !

Functions for file names are working now. See the GNU Make manual for
$(dir ...)  and $(wildcard ...).  Unix-style and VMS-style names are
supported as arguments.

The default rules are set up for GNU C. Building an executable from a
single source file is as easy as 'make file.exe'.

The variable $(ARCH) is predefined as ALPHA or VAX resp. Makefiles for
different VMS systems can now be written by checking $(ARCH) as in
  ifeq ($(ARCH),ALPHA)
    $(ECHO) "On the Alpha"
  else
    $(ECHO) "On the VAX"
  endif

Command lines of excessive length are correctly broken and written to a
batch file in sys$scratch for later execution. There's no limit to the
lengths of commands (and no need for .opt files :-) any more.

Empty commands are handled correctly and don't end in a new DCL process.


New for 3.76:

John W. Eaton has updated the VMS port to support libraries and VPATH.


To build Make, simply type @makefile.  This should compile all the
necessary files and link Make.  There is also a file called
makefile.vms.  If you already have GNU Make built you can just use
Make with this makefile to rebuild.

Here are some notes about GNU Make for VMS:

The cd command is supported if it's called as $(CD). This invokes
the 'builtin_cd' command which changes the directory.
Calling 'set def' doesn't do the trick, since a sub-shell is
spawned for this command, the directory is changed *in this sub-shell*
and the sub-shell ends.

Libraries are not supported. They were in GNU Make 3.60 but somehow I
didn't care porting the code. If there is enough interest, I'll do it at
some later time.

The variable $^ separates files with commas instead of spaces (It's the
natural thing to do for VMS).

See defaults.c for VMS default suffixes and my definitions for default
rules and variables.

The shell function is not implemented yet.

Load average routines haven't been implemented for VMS yet.

The default include directory for including other makefiles is
SYS$SYSROOT:[SYSLIB] (I don't remember why I didn't just use
SYS$LIBRARY: instead; maybe it wouldn't work that way).

The default makefiles make looks for are: makefile.vms, gnumakefile,
makefile., and gnumakefile. .

The stat() function and handling of time stamps in VMS is broken, so I
replaced it with a hack in vmsfunctions.c. I will provide a full rewrite
somewhere in the future. Be warned, the time resolution inside make is
less than what vms provides. This might be a problem on the faster Alphas.

You can use a : in a filename only if you preceed it with a backslash ('\').
E.g.- hobbes\:[bogas.files]

Make ignores success, informational, or warning errors (-S-, -I-, or
-W-).  But it will stop on -E- and -F- errors. (unless you do something
to override this in your makefile, or whatever).

Remote stuff isn't implemented yet.

Multiple line DCL commands, such as "if" statements, must be put inside
command files.  You can run a command file by using \@.


VMS changes made for 3.74.3

Lots of default settings are adapted for VMS. See default.c.

Long command lines are now converted to command files.

Comma (',') as a separator is now allowed. See makefile.vms for an example.

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This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
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GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
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A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
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