1 /*
2  * The iPXE 802.11 MAC layer.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2009 Joshua Oreman <oremanj@rwcr.net>.
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
8  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
9  * License, or any later version.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
12  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
14  * General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
19  * 02110-1301, USA.
20  */
21 
22 FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER );
23 
24 #include <string.h>
25 #include <byteswap.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <errno.h>
29 #include <ipxe/settings.h>
30 #include <ipxe/if_arp.h>
31 #include <ipxe/ethernet.h>
32 #include <ipxe/ieee80211.h>
33 #include <ipxe/netdevice.h>
34 #include <ipxe/net80211.h>
35 #include <ipxe/sec80211.h>
36 #include <ipxe/timer.h>
37 #include <ipxe/nap.h>
38 #include <ipxe/errortab.h>
39 #include <ipxe/net80211_err.h>
40 
41 /** @file
42  *
43  * 802.11 device management
44  */
45 
46 /** List of 802.11 devices */
47 static struct list_head net80211_devices = LIST_HEAD_INIT ( net80211_devices );
48 
49 /** Set of device operations that does nothing */
50 static struct net80211_device_operations net80211_null_ops;
51 
52 /** Information associated with a received management packet
53  *
54  * This is used to keep beacon signal strengths in a parallel queue to
55  * the beacons themselves.
56  */
57 struct net80211_rx_info {
58 	int signal;
59 	struct list_head list;
60 };
61 
62 /** Context for a probe operation */
63 struct net80211_probe_ctx {
64 	/** 802.11 device to probe on */
65 	struct net80211_device *dev;
66 
67 	/** Value of keep_mgmt before probe was started */
68 	int old_keep_mgmt;
69 
70 	/** If scanning actively, pointer to probe packet to send */
71 	struct io_buffer *probe;
72 
73 	/** If non-"", the ESSID to limit ourselves to */
74 	const char *essid;
75 
76 	/** Time probe was started */
77 	u32 ticks_start;
78 
79 	/** Time last useful beacon was received */
80 	u32 ticks_beacon;
81 
82 	/** Time channel was last changed */
83 	u32 ticks_channel;
84 
85 	/** Time to stay on each channel */
86 	u32 hop_time;
87 
88 	/** Channels to hop by when changing channel */
89 	int hop_step;
90 
91 	/** List of best beacons for each network found so far */
92 	struct list_head *beacons;
93 };
94 
95 /** Context for the association task */
96 struct net80211_assoc_ctx {
97 	/** Next authentication method to try using */
98 	int method;
99 
100 	/** Time (in ticks) of the last sent association-related packet */
101 	int last_packet;
102 
103 	/** Number of times we have tried sending it */
104 	int times_tried;
105 };
106 
107 /**
108  * Detect secure 802.11 network when security support is not available
109  *
110  * @return -ENOTSUP, always.
111  */
sec80211_detect(struct io_buffer * iob __unused,enum net80211_security_proto * secprot __unused,enum net80211_crypto_alg * crypt __unused)112 __weak int sec80211_detect ( struct io_buffer *iob __unused,
113 			     enum net80211_security_proto *secprot __unused,
114 			     enum net80211_crypto_alg *crypt __unused ) {
115 	return -ENOTSUP;
116 }
117 
118 /**
119  * @defgroup net80211_netdev Network device interface functions
120  * @{
121  */
122 static int net80211_netdev_open ( struct net_device *netdev );
123 static void net80211_netdev_close ( struct net_device *netdev );
124 static int net80211_netdev_transmit ( struct net_device *netdev,
125 				      struct io_buffer *iobuf );
126 static void net80211_netdev_poll ( struct net_device *netdev );
127 static void net80211_netdev_irq ( struct net_device *netdev, int enable );
128 /** @} */
129 
130 /**
131  * @defgroup net80211_linklayer 802.11 link-layer protocol functions
132  * @{
133  */
134 static int net80211_ll_push ( struct net_device *netdev,
135 			      struct io_buffer *iobuf, const void *ll_dest,
136 			      const void *ll_source, uint16_t net_proto );
137 static int net80211_ll_pull ( struct net_device *netdev,
138 			      struct io_buffer *iobuf, const void **ll_dest,
139 			      const void **ll_source, uint16_t * net_proto,
140 			      unsigned int *flags );
141 /** @} */
142 
143 /**
144  * @defgroup net80211_help 802.11 helper functions
145  * @{
146  */
147 static void net80211_add_channels ( struct net80211_device *dev, int start,
148 				    int len, int txpower );
149 static void net80211_filter_hw_channels ( struct net80211_device *dev );
150 static void net80211_set_rtscts_rate ( struct net80211_device *dev );
151 static int net80211_process_capab ( struct net80211_device *dev,
152 				    u16 capab );
153 static int net80211_process_ie ( struct net80211_device *dev,
154 				 union ieee80211_ie *ie, void *ie_end );
155 static union ieee80211_ie *
156 net80211_marshal_request_info ( struct net80211_device *dev,
157 				union ieee80211_ie *ie );
158 /** @} */
159 
160 /**
161  * @defgroup net80211_assoc_ll 802.11 association handling functions
162  * @{
163  */
164 static void net80211_step_associate ( struct net80211_device *dev );
165 static void net80211_handle_auth ( struct net80211_device *dev,
166 				   struct io_buffer *iob );
167 static void net80211_handle_assoc_reply ( struct net80211_device *dev,
168 					  struct io_buffer *iob );
169 static int net80211_send_disassoc ( struct net80211_device *dev, int reason,
170 				    int deauth );
171 static void net80211_handle_mgmt ( struct net80211_device *dev,
172 				   struct io_buffer *iob, int signal );
173 /** @} */
174 
175 /**
176  * @defgroup net80211_frag 802.11 fragment handling functions
177  * @{
178  */
179 static void net80211_free_frags ( struct net80211_device *dev, int fcid );
180 static struct io_buffer *net80211_accum_frags ( struct net80211_device *dev,
181 						int fcid, int nfrags, int size );
182 static void net80211_rx_frag ( struct net80211_device *dev,
183 			       struct io_buffer *iob, int signal );
184 /** @} */
185 
186 /**
187  * @defgroup net80211_settings 802.11 settings handlers
188  * @{
189  */
190 static int net80211_check_settings_update ( void );
191 
192 /** 802.11 settings applicator
193  *
194  * When the SSID is changed, this will cause any open devices to
195  * re-associate; when the encryption key is changed, we similarly
196  * update their state.
197  */
198 struct settings_applicator net80211_applicator __settings_applicator = {
199 	.apply = net80211_check_settings_update,
200 };
201 
202 /** The network name to associate with
203  *
204  * If this is blank, we scan for all networks and use the one with the
205  * greatest signal strength.
206  */
207 const struct setting net80211_ssid_setting __setting ( SETTING_NETDEV_EXTRA,
208 						       ssid ) = {
209 	.name = "ssid",
210 	.description = "Wireless SSID",
211 	.type = &setting_type_string,
212 };
213 
214 /** Whether to use active scanning
215  *
216  * In order to associate with a hidden SSID, it's necessary to use an
217  * active scan (send probe packets). If this setting is nonzero, an
218  * active scan on the 2.4GHz band will be used to associate.
219  */
220 const struct setting net80211_active_setting __setting ( SETTING_NETDEV_EXTRA,
221 							 active-scan ) = {
222 	.name = "active-scan",
223 	.description = "Actively scan for wireless networks",
224 	.type = &setting_type_int8,
225 };
226 
227 /** The cryptographic key to use
228  *
229  * For hex WEP keys, as is common, this must be entered using the
230  * normal iPXE method for entering hex settings; an ASCII string of
231  * hex characters will not behave as expected.
232  */
233 const struct setting net80211_key_setting __setting ( SETTING_NETDEV_EXTRA,
234 						      key ) = {
235 	.name = "key",
236 	.description = "Wireless encryption key",
237 	.type = &setting_type_string,
238 };
239 
240 /** @} */
241 
242 
243 /* ---------- net_device wrapper ---------- */
244 
245 /**
246  * Open 802.11 device and start association
247  *
248  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device
249  * @ret rc	Return status code
250  *
251  * This sets up a default conservative set of channels for probing,
252  * and starts the auto-association task unless the @c
253  * NET80211_NO_ASSOC flag is set in the wrapped 802.11 device's @c
254  * state field.
255  */
net80211_netdev_open(struct net_device * netdev)256 static int net80211_netdev_open ( struct net_device *netdev )
257 {
258 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
259 	int rc = 0;
260 
261 	if ( dev->op == &net80211_null_ops )
262 		return -EFAULT;
263 
264 	if ( dev->op->open )
265 		rc = dev->op->open ( dev );
266 
267 	if ( rc < 0 )
268 		return rc;
269 
270 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_NO_ASSOC ) )
271 		net80211_autoassociate ( dev );
272 
273 	return 0;
274 }
275 
276 /**
277  * Close 802.11 device
278  *
279  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device.
280  *
281  * If the association task is running, this will stop it.
282  */
net80211_netdev_close(struct net_device * netdev)283 static void net80211_netdev_close ( struct net_device *netdev )
284 {
285 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
286 
287 	if ( dev->state & NET80211_WORKING )
288 		process_del ( &dev->proc_assoc );
289 
290 	/* Send disassociation frame to AP, to be polite */
291 	if ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED )
292 		net80211_send_disassoc ( dev, IEEE80211_REASON_LEAVING, 0 );
293 
294 	if ( dev->handshaker && dev->handshaker->stop &&
295 	     dev->handshaker->started )
296 		dev->handshaker->stop ( dev );
297 
298 	free ( dev->crypto );
299 	free ( dev->handshaker );
300 	dev->crypto = NULL;
301 	dev->handshaker = NULL;
302 
303 	netdev_link_down ( netdev );
304 	dev->state = 0;
305 
306 	if ( dev->op->close )
307 		dev->op->close ( dev );
308 }
309 
310 /**
311  * Transmit packet on 802.11 device
312  *
313  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device
314  * @v iobuf	I/O buffer
315  * @ret rc	Return status code
316  *
317  * If encryption is enabled for the currently associated network, the
318  * packet will be encrypted prior to transmission.
319  */
net80211_netdev_transmit(struct net_device * netdev,struct io_buffer * iobuf)320 static int net80211_netdev_transmit ( struct net_device *netdev,
321 				      struct io_buffer *iobuf )
322 {
323 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
324 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iobuf->data;
325 	int rc = -ENOSYS;
326 
327 	if ( dev->crypto && ! ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_PROTECTED ) &&
328 	     ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_TYPE ) == IEEE80211_TYPE_DATA ) ) {
329 		struct io_buffer *niob = dev->crypto->encrypt ( dev->crypto,
330 								iobuf );
331 		if ( ! niob )
332 			return -ENOMEM;	/* only reason encryption could fail */
333 
334 		/* Free the non-encrypted iob */
335 		netdev_tx_complete ( netdev, iobuf );
336 
337 		/* Transmit the encrypted iob; the Protected flag is
338 		   set, so we won't recurse into here again */
339 		netdev_tx ( netdev, niob );
340 
341 		/* Don't transmit the freed packet */
342 		return 0;
343 	}
344 
345 	if ( dev->op->transmit )
346 		rc = dev->op->transmit ( dev, iobuf );
347 
348 	return rc;
349 }
350 
351 /**
352  * Poll 802.11 device for received packets and completed transmissions
353  *
354  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device
355  */
net80211_netdev_poll(struct net_device * netdev)356 static void net80211_netdev_poll ( struct net_device *netdev )
357 {
358 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
359 
360 	if ( dev->op->poll )
361 		dev->op->poll ( dev );
362 }
363 
364 /**
365  * Enable or disable interrupts for 802.11 device
366  *
367  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device
368  * @v enable	Whether to enable interrupts
369  */
net80211_netdev_irq(struct net_device * netdev,int enable)370 static void net80211_netdev_irq ( struct net_device *netdev, int enable )
371 {
372 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
373 
374 	if ( dev->op->irq )
375 		dev->op->irq ( dev, enable );
376 }
377 
378 /** Network device operations for a wrapped 802.11 device */
379 static struct net_device_operations net80211_netdev_ops = {
380 	.open = net80211_netdev_open,
381 	.close = net80211_netdev_close,
382 	.transmit = net80211_netdev_transmit,
383 	.poll = net80211_netdev_poll,
384 	.irq = net80211_netdev_irq,
385 };
386 
387 
388 /* ---------- 802.11 link-layer protocol ---------- */
389 
390 /**
391  * Determine whether a transmission rate uses ERP/OFDM
392  *
393  * @v rate	Rate in 100 kbps units
394  * @ret is_erp	TRUE if the rate is an ERP/OFDM rate
395  *
396  * 802.11b supports rates of 1.0, 2.0, 5.5, and 11.0 Mbps; any other
397  * rate than these on the 2.4GHz spectrum is an ERP (802.11g) rate.
398  */
net80211_rate_is_erp(u16 rate)399 static inline int net80211_rate_is_erp ( u16 rate )
400 {
401 	if ( rate == 10 || rate == 20 || rate == 55 || rate == 110 )
402 		return 0;
403 	return 1;
404 }
405 
406 
407 /**
408  * Calculate one frame's contribution to 802.11 duration field
409  *
410  * @v dev	802.11 device
411  * @v bytes	Amount of data to calculate duration for
412  * @ret dur	Duration field in microseconds
413  *
414  * To avoid multiple stations attempting to transmit at once, 802.11
415  * provides that every packet shall include a duration field
416  * specifying a length of time for which the wireless medium will be
417  * reserved after it is transmitted. The duration is measured in
418  * microseconds and is calculated with respect to the current
419  * physical-layer parameters of the 802.11 device.
420  *
421  * For an unfragmented data or management frame, or the last fragment
422  * of a fragmented frame, the duration captures only the 10 data bytes
423  * of one ACK; call once with bytes = 10.
424  *
425  * For a fragment of a data or management rame that will be followed
426  * by more fragments, the duration captures an ACK, the following
427  * fragment, and its ACK; add the results of three calls, two with
428  * bytes = 10 and one with bytes set to the next fragment's size.
429  *
430  * For an RTS control frame, the duration captures the responding CTS,
431  * the frame being sent, and its ACK; add the results of three calls,
432  * two with bytes = 10 and one with bytes set to the next frame's size
433  * (assuming unfragmented).
434  *
435  * For a CTS-to-self control frame, the duration captures the frame
436  * being protected and its ACK; add the results of two calls, one with
437  * bytes = 10 and one with bytes set to the next frame's size.
438  *
439  * No other frame types are currently supported by iPXE.
440  */
net80211_duration(struct net80211_device * dev,int bytes,u16 rate)441 u16 net80211_duration ( struct net80211_device *dev, int bytes, u16 rate )
442 {
443 	struct net80211_channel *chan = &dev->channels[dev->channel];
444 	u32 kbps = rate * 100;
445 
446 	if ( chan->band == NET80211_BAND_5GHZ || net80211_rate_is_erp ( rate ) ) {
447 		/* OFDM encoding (802.11a/g) */
448 		int bits_per_symbol = ( kbps * 4 ) / 1000;	/* 4us/symbol */
449 		int bits = 22 + ( bytes << 3 );	/* 22-bit PLCP */
450 		int symbols = ( bits + bits_per_symbol - 1 ) / bits_per_symbol;
451 
452 		return 16 + 20 + ( symbols * 4 ); /* 16us SIFS, 20us preamble */
453 	} else {
454 		/* CCK encoding (802.11b) */
455 		int phy_time = 144 + 48;	/* preamble + PLCP */
456 		int bits = bytes << 3;
457 		int data_time = ( bits * 1000 + kbps - 1 ) / kbps;
458 
459 		if ( dev->phy_flags & NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE )
460 			phy_time >>= 1;
461 
462 		return 10 + phy_time + data_time; /* 10us SIFS */
463 	}
464 }
465 
466 /**
467  * Add 802.11 link-layer header
468  *
469  * @v netdev		Wrapping network device
470  * @v iobuf		I/O buffer
471  * @v ll_dest		Link-layer destination address
472  * @v ll_source		Link-layer source address
473  * @v net_proto		Network-layer protocol, in network byte order
474  * @ret rc		Return status code
475  *
476  * This adds both the 802.11 frame header and the 802.2 LLC/SNAP
477  * header used on data packets.
478  *
479  * We also check here for state of the link that would make it invalid
480  * to send a data packet; every data packet must pass through here,
481  * and no non-data packet (e.g. management frame) should.
482  */
net80211_ll_push(struct net_device * netdev,struct io_buffer * iobuf,const void * ll_dest,const void * ll_source,uint16_t net_proto)483 static int net80211_ll_push ( struct net_device *netdev,
484 			      struct io_buffer *iobuf, const void *ll_dest,
485 			      const void *ll_source, uint16_t net_proto )
486 {
487 	struct net80211_device *dev = netdev->priv;
488 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob_push ( iobuf,
489 						 IEEE80211_LLC_HEADER_LEN +
490 						 IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
491 	struct ieee80211_llc_snap_header *lhdr =
492 		( void * ) hdr + IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN;
493 
494 	/* We can't send data packets if we're not associated. */
495 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) ) {
496 		if ( dev->assoc_rc )
497 			return dev->assoc_rc;
498 		return -ENETUNREACH;
499 	}
500 
501 	hdr->fc = IEEE80211_THIS_VERSION | IEEE80211_TYPE_DATA |
502 	    IEEE80211_STYPE_DATA | IEEE80211_FC_TODS;
503 
504 	/* We don't send fragmented frames, so duration is the time
505 	   for an SIFS + 10-byte ACK. */
506 	hdr->duration = net80211_duration ( dev, 10, dev->rates[dev->rate] );
507 
508 	memcpy ( hdr->addr1, dev->bssid, ETH_ALEN );
509 	memcpy ( hdr->addr2, ll_source, ETH_ALEN );
510 	memcpy ( hdr->addr3, ll_dest, ETH_ALEN );
511 
512 	hdr->seq = IEEE80211_MAKESEQ ( ++dev->last_tx_seqnr, 0 );
513 
514 	lhdr->dsap = IEEE80211_LLC_DSAP;
515 	lhdr->ssap = IEEE80211_LLC_SSAP;
516 	lhdr->ctrl = IEEE80211_LLC_CTRL;
517 	memset ( lhdr->oui, 0x00, 3 );
518 	lhdr->ethertype = net_proto;
519 
520 	return 0;
521 }
522 
523 /**
524  * Remove 802.11 link-layer header
525  *
526  * @v netdev		Wrapping network device
527  * @v iobuf		I/O buffer
528  * @ret ll_dest		Link-layer destination address
529  * @ret ll_source	Link-layer source
530  * @ret net_proto	Network-layer protocol, in network byte order
531  * @ret flags		Packet flags
532  * @ret rc		Return status code
533  *
534  * This expects and removes both the 802.11 frame header and the 802.2
535  * LLC/SNAP header that are used on data packets.
536  */
net80211_ll_pull(struct net_device * netdev __unused,struct io_buffer * iobuf,const void ** ll_dest,const void ** ll_source,uint16_t * net_proto,unsigned int * flags)537 static int net80211_ll_pull ( struct net_device *netdev __unused,
538 			      struct io_buffer *iobuf,
539 			      const void **ll_dest, const void **ll_source,
540 			      uint16_t * net_proto, unsigned int *flags )
541 {
542 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iobuf->data;
543 	struct ieee80211_llc_snap_header *lhdr =
544 		( void * ) hdr + IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN;
545 
546 	/* Bunch of sanity checks */
547 	if ( iob_len ( iobuf ) < IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN +
548 	     IEEE80211_LLC_HEADER_LEN ) {
549 		DBGC ( netdev->priv, "802.11 %p packet too short (%zd bytes)\n",
550 		       netdev->priv, iob_len ( iobuf ) );
551 		return -EINVAL_PKT_TOO_SHORT;
552 	}
553 
554 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_VERSION ) != IEEE80211_THIS_VERSION ) {
555 		DBGC ( netdev->priv, "802.11 %p packet invalid version %04x\n",
556 		       netdev->priv, hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_VERSION );
557 		return -EINVAL_PKT_VERSION;
558 	}
559 
560 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_TYPE ) != IEEE80211_TYPE_DATA ||
561 	     ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_SUBTYPE ) != IEEE80211_STYPE_DATA ) {
562 		DBGC ( netdev->priv, "802.11 %p packet not data/data (fc=%04x)\n",
563 		       netdev->priv, hdr->fc );
564 		return -EINVAL_PKT_NOT_DATA;
565 	}
566 
567 	if ( ( hdr->fc & ( IEEE80211_FC_TODS | IEEE80211_FC_FROMDS ) ) !=
568 	     IEEE80211_FC_FROMDS ) {
569 		DBGC ( netdev->priv, "802.11 %p packet not from DS (fc=%04x)\n",
570 		       netdev->priv, hdr->fc );
571 		return -EINVAL_PKT_NOT_FROMDS;
572 	}
573 
574 	if ( lhdr->dsap != IEEE80211_LLC_DSAP || lhdr->ssap != IEEE80211_LLC_SSAP ||
575 	     lhdr->ctrl != IEEE80211_LLC_CTRL || lhdr->oui[0] || lhdr->oui[1] ||
576 	     lhdr->oui[2] ) {
577 		DBGC ( netdev->priv, "802.11 %p LLC header is not plain EtherType "
578 		       "encapsulator: %02x->%02x [%02x] %02x:%02x:%02x %04x\n",
579 		       netdev->priv, lhdr->dsap, lhdr->ssap, lhdr->ctrl,
580 		       lhdr->oui[0], lhdr->oui[1], lhdr->oui[2], lhdr->ethertype );
581 		return -EINVAL_PKT_LLC_HEADER;
582 	}
583 
584 	iob_pull ( iobuf, sizeof ( *hdr ) + sizeof ( *lhdr ) );
585 
586 	*ll_dest = hdr->addr1;
587 	*ll_source = hdr->addr3;
588 	*net_proto = lhdr->ethertype;
589 	*flags = ( ( is_multicast_ether_addr ( hdr->addr1 ) ?
590 		     LL_MULTICAST : 0 ) |
591 		   ( is_broadcast_ether_addr ( hdr->addr1 ) ?
592 		     LL_BROADCAST : 0 ) );
593 	return 0;
594 }
595 
596 /** 802.11 link-layer protocol */
597 static struct ll_protocol net80211_ll_protocol __ll_protocol = {
598 	.name = "802.11",
599 	.push = net80211_ll_push,
600 	.pull = net80211_ll_pull,
601 	.init_addr = eth_init_addr,
602 	.ntoa = eth_ntoa,
603 	.mc_hash = eth_mc_hash,
604 	.eth_addr = eth_eth_addr,
605 	.eui64 = eth_eui64,
606 	.ll_proto = htons ( ARPHRD_ETHER ),	/* "encapsulated Ethernet" */
607 	.hw_addr_len = ETH_ALEN,
608 	.ll_addr_len = ETH_ALEN,
609 	.ll_header_len = IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN +
610 				IEEE80211_LLC_HEADER_LEN,
611 };
612 
613 
614 /* ---------- 802.11 network management API ---------- */
615 
616 /**
617  * Get 802.11 device from wrapping network device
618  *
619  * @v netdev	Wrapping network device
620  * @ret dev	802.11 device wrapped by network device, or NULL
621  *
622  * Returns NULL if the network device does not wrap an 802.11 device.
623  */
net80211_get(struct net_device * netdev)624 struct net80211_device * net80211_get ( struct net_device *netdev )
625 {
626 	struct net80211_device *dev;
627 
628 	list_for_each_entry ( dev, &net80211_devices, list ) {
629 		if ( netdev->priv == dev )
630 			return netdev->priv;
631 	}
632 
633 	return NULL;
634 }
635 
636 /**
637  * Set state of 802.11 device keeping management frames
638  *
639  * @v dev	802.11 device
640  * @v enable	Whether to keep management frames
641  * @ret oldenab	Whether management frames were enabled before this call
642  *
643  * If enable is TRUE, beacon, probe, and action frames will be kept
644  * and may be retrieved by calling net80211_mgmt_dequeue().
645  */
net80211_keep_mgmt(struct net80211_device * dev,int enable)646 int net80211_keep_mgmt ( struct net80211_device *dev, int enable )
647 {
648 	int oldenab = dev->keep_mgmt;
649 
650 	dev->keep_mgmt = enable;
651 	return oldenab;
652 }
653 
654 /**
655  * Get 802.11 management frame
656  *
657  * @v dev	802.11 device
658  * @ret signal	Signal strength of returned management frame
659  * @ret iob	I/O buffer, or NULL if no management frame is queued
660  *
661  * Frames will only be returned by this function if
662  * net80211_keep_mgmt() has been previously called with enable set to
663  * TRUE.
664  *
665  * The calling function takes ownership of the returned I/O buffer.
666  */
net80211_mgmt_dequeue(struct net80211_device * dev,int * signal)667 struct io_buffer * net80211_mgmt_dequeue ( struct net80211_device *dev,
668 					   int *signal )
669 {
670 	struct io_buffer *iobuf;
671 	struct net80211_rx_info *rxi;
672 
673 	list_for_each_entry ( rxi, &dev->mgmt_info_queue, list ) {
674 		list_del ( &rxi->list );
675 		if ( signal )
676 			*signal = rxi->signal;
677 		free ( rxi );
678 
679 		assert ( ! list_empty ( &dev->mgmt_queue ) );
680 		iobuf = list_first_entry ( &dev->mgmt_queue, struct io_buffer,
681 					   list );
682 		list_del ( &iobuf->list );
683 		return iobuf;
684 	}
685 
686 	return NULL;
687 }
688 
689 /**
690  * Transmit 802.11 management frame
691  *
692  * @v dev	802.11 device
693  * @v fc	Frame Control flags for management frame
694  * @v dest	Destination access point
695  * @v iob	I/O buffer
696  * @ret rc	Return status code
697  *
698  * The @a fc argument must contain at least an IEEE 802.11 management
699  * subtype number (e.g. IEEE80211_STYPE_PROBE_REQ). If it contains
700  * IEEE80211_FC_PROTECTED, the frame will be encrypted prior to
701  * transmission.
702  *
703  * It is required that @a iob have at least 24 bytes of headroom
704  * reserved before its data start.
705  */
net80211_tx_mgmt(struct net80211_device * dev,u16 fc,u8 dest[6],struct io_buffer * iob)706 int net80211_tx_mgmt ( struct net80211_device *dev, u16 fc, u8 dest[6],
707 		       struct io_buffer *iob )
708 {
709 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob_push ( iob,
710 						 IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
711 
712 	hdr->fc = IEEE80211_THIS_VERSION | IEEE80211_TYPE_MGMT |
713 	    ( fc & ~IEEE80211_FC_PROTECTED );
714 	hdr->duration = net80211_duration ( dev, 10, dev->rates[dev->rate] );
715 	hdr->seq = IEEE80211_MAKESEQ ( ++dev->last_tx_seqnr, 0 );
716 
717 	memcpy ( hdr->addr1, dest, ETH_ALEN );	/* DA = RA */
718 	memcpy ( hdr->addr2, dev->netdev->ll_addr, ETH_ALEN );	/* SA = TA */
719 	memcpy ( hdr->addr3, dest, ETH_ALEN );	/* BSSID */
720 
721 	if ( fc & IEEE80211_FC_PROTECTED ) {
722 		if ( ! dev->crypto )
723 			return -EINVAL_CRYPTO_REQUEST;
724 
725 		struct io_buffer *eiob = dev->crypto->encrypt ( dev->crypto,
726 								iob );
727 		free_iob ( iob );
728 		iob = eiob;
729 	}
730 
731 	return netdev_tx ( dev->netdev, iob );
732 }
733 
734 
735 /* ---------- Driver API ---------- */
736 
737 /** 802.11 association process descriptor */
738 static struct process_descriptor net80211_process_desc =
739 	PROC_DESC ( struct net80211_device, proc_assoc,
740 		    net80211_step_associate );
741 
742 /**
743  * Allocate 802.11 device
744  *
745  * @v priv_size		Size of driver-private allocation area
746  * @ret dev		Newly allocated 802.11 device
747  *
748  * This function allocates a net_device with space in its private area
749  * for both the net80211_device it will wrap and the driver-private
750  * data space requested. It initializes the link-layer-specific parts
751  * of the net_device, and links the net80211_device to the net_device
752  * appropriately.
753  */
net80211_alloc(size_t priv_size)754 struct net80211_device * net80211_alloc ( size_t priv_size )
755 {
756 	struct net80211_device *dev;
757 	struct net_device *netdev =
758 		alloc_netdev ( sizeof ( *dev ) + priv_size );
759 
760 	if ( ! netdev )
761 		return NULL;
762 
763 	netdev->ll_protocol = &net80211_ll_protocol;
764 	netdev->ll_broadcast = eth_broadcast;
765 	netdev->max_pkt_len = IEEE80211_MAX_DATA_LEN;
766 	netdev_init ( netdev, &net80211_netdev_ops );
767 
768 	dev = netdev->priv;
769 	dev->netdev = netdev;
770 	dev->priv = ( u8 * ) dev + sizeof ( *dev );
771 	dev->op = &net80211_null_ops;
772 
773 	process_init_stopped ( &dev->proc_assoc, &net80211_process_desc,
774 			       &netdev->refcnt );
775 	INIT_LIST_HEAD ( &dev->mgmt_queue );
776 	INIT_LIST_HEAD ( &dev->mgmt_info_queue );
777 
778 	return dev;
779 }
780 
781 /**
782  * Register 802.11 device with network stack
783  *
784  * @v dev	802.11 device
785  * @v ops	802.11 device operations
786  * @v hw	802.11 hardware information
787  *
788  * This also registers the wrapping net_device with the higher network
789  * layers.
790  */
net80211_register(struct net80211_device * dev,struct net80211_device_operations * ops,struct net80211_hw_info * hw)791 int net80211_register ( struct net80211_device *dev,
792 			struct net80211_device_operations *ops,
793 			struct net80211_hw_info *hw )
794 {
795 	dev->op = ops;
796 	dev->hw = malloc ( sizeof ( *hw ) );
797 	if ( ! dev->hw )
798 		return -ENOMEM;
799 
800 	memcpy ( dev->hw, hw, sizeof ( *hw ) );
801 	memcpy ( dev->netdev->hw_addr, hw->hwaddr, ETH_ALEN );
802 
803 	/* Set some sensible channel defaults for driver's open() function */
804 	memcpy ( dev->channels, dev->hw->channels,
805 		 NET80211_MAX_CHANNELS * sizeof ( dev->channels[0] ) );
806 	dev->channel = 0;
807 
808 	/* Mark device as not supporting interrupts, if applicable */
809 	if ( ! ops->irq )
810 		dev->netdev->state |= NETDEV_IRQ_UNSUPPORTED;
811 
812 	list_add_tail ( &dev->list, &net80211_devices );
813 	return register_netdev ( dev->netdev );
814 }
815 
816 /**
817  * Unregister 802.11 device from network stack
818  *
819  * @v dev	802.11 device
820  *
821  * After this call, the device operations are cleared so that they
822  * will not be called.
823  */
net80211_unregister(struct net80211_device * dev)824 void net80211_unregister ( struct net80211_device *dev )
825 {
826 	unregister_netdev ( dev->netdev );
827 	list_del ( &dev->list );
828 	dev->op = &net80211_null_ops;
829 }
830 
831 /**
832  * Free 802.11 device
833  *
834  * @v dev	802.11 device
835  *
836  * The device should be unregistered before this function is called.
837  */
net80211_free(struct net80211_device * dev)838 void net80211_free ( struct net80211_device *dev )
839 {
840 	free ( dev->hw );
841 	rc80211_free ( dev->rctl );
842 	netdev_nullify ( dev->netdev );
843 	netdev_put ( dev->netdev );
844 }
845 
846 
847 /* ---------- 802.11 network management workhorse code ---------- */
848 
849 /**
850  * Set state of 802.11 device
851  *
852  * @v dev	802.11 device
853  * @v clear	Bitmask of flags to clear
854  * @v set	Bitmask of flags to set
855  * @v status	Status or reason code for most recent operation
856  *
857  * If @a status represents a reason code, it should be OR'ed with
858  * NET80211_IS_REASON.
859  *
860  * Clearing authentication also clears association; clearing
861  * association also clears security handshaking state. Clearing
862  * association removes the link-up flag from the wrapping net_device,
863  * but setting it does not automatically set the flag; that is left to
864  * the judgment of higher-level code.
865  */
net80211_set_state(struct net80211_device * dev,short clear,short set,u16 status)866 static inline void net80211_set_state ( struct net80211_device *dev,
867 					short clear, short set,
868 					u16 status )
869 {
870 	/* The conditions in this function are deliberately formulated
871 	   to be decidable at compile-time in most cases. Since clear
872 	   and set are generally passed as constants, the body of this
873 	   function can be reduced down to a few statements by the
874 	   compiler. */
875 
876 	const int statmsk = NET80211_STATUS_MASK | NET80211_IS_REASON;
877 
878 	if ( clear & NET80211_PROBED )
879 		clear |= NET80211_AUTHENTICATED;
880 
881 	if ( clear & NET80211_AUTHENTICATED )
882 		clear |= NET80211_ASSOCIATED;
883 
884 	if ( clear & NET80211_ASSOCIATED )
885 		clear |= NET80211_CRYPTO_SYNCED;
886 
887 	dev->state = ( dev->state & ~clear ) | set;
888 	dev->state = ( dev->state & ~statmsk ) | ( status & statmsk );
889 
890 	if ( clear & NET80211_ASSOCIATED )
891 		netdev_link_down ( dev->netdev );
892 
893 	if ( ( clear | set ) & NET80211_ASSOCIATED )
894 		dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_ASSOC );
895 
896 	if ( status != 0 ) {
897 		if ( status & NET80211_IS_REASON )
898 			dev->assoc_rc = -E80211_REASON ( status );
899 		else
900 			dev->assoc_rc = -E80211_STATUS ( status );
901 		netdev_link_err ( dev->netdev, dev->assoc_rc );
902 	}
903 }
904 
905 /**
906  * Add channels to 802.11 device
907  *
908  * @v dev	802.11 device
909  * @v start	First channel number to add
910  * @v len	Number of channels to add
911  * @v txpower	TX power (dBm) to allow on added channels
912  *
913  * To replace the current list of channels instead of adding to it,
914  * set the nr_channels field of the 802.11 device to 0 before calling
915  * this function.
916  */
net80211_add_channels(struct net80211_device * dev,int start,int len,int txpower)917 static void net80211_add_channels ( struct net80211_device *dev, int start,
918 				    int len, int txpower )
919 {
920 	int i, chan = start;
921 
922 	for ( i = dev->nr_channels; len-- && i < NET80211_MAX_CHANNELS; i++ ) {
923 		dev->channels[i].channel_nr = chan;
924 		dev->channels[i].maxpower = txpower;
925 		dev->channels[i].hw_value = 0;
926 
927 		if ( chan >= 1 && chan <= 14 ) {
928 			dev->channels[i].band = NET80211_BAND_2GHZ;
929 			if ( chan == 14 )
930 				dev->channels[i].center_freq = 2484;
931 			else
932 				dev->channels[i].center_freq = 2407 + 5 * chan;
933 			chan++;
934 		} else {
935 			dev->channels[i].band = NET80211_BAND_5GHZ;
936 			dev->channels[i].center_freq = 5000 + 5 * chan;
937 			chan += 4;
938 		}
939 	}
940 
941 	dev->nr_channels = i;
942 }
943 
944 /**
945  * Filter 802.11 device channels for hardware capabilities
946  *
947  * @v dev	802.11 device
948  *
949  * Hardware may support fewer channels than regulatory restrictions
950  * allow; this function filters out channels in dev->channels that are
951  * not supported by the hardware list in dev->hwinfo. It also copies
952  * over the net80211_channel::hw_value and limits maximum TX power
953  * appropriately.
954  *
955  * Channels are matched based on center frequency, ignoring band and
956  * channel number.
957  *
958  * If the driver specifies no supported channels, the effect will be
959  * as though all were supported.
960  */
net80211_filter_hw_channels(struct net80211_device * dev)961 static void net80211_filter_hw_channels ( struct net80211_device *dev )
962 {
963 	int delta = 0, i = 0;
964 	int old_freq = dev->channels[dev->channel].center_freq;
965 	struct net80211_channel *chan, *hwchan;
966 
967 	if ( ! dev->hw->nr_channels )
968 		return;
969 
970 	dev->channel = 0;
971 	for ( chan = dev->channels; chan < dev->channels + dev->nr_channels;
972 	      chan++, i++ ) {
973 		int ok = 0;
974 		for ( hwchan = dev->hw->channels;
975 		      hwchan < dev->hw->channels + dev->hw->nr_channels;
976 		      hwchan++ ) {
977 			if ( hwchan->center_freq == chan->center_freq ) {
978 				ok = 1;
979 				break;
980 			}
981 		}
982 
983 		if ( ! ok )
984 			delta++;
985 		else {
986 			chan->hw_value = hwchan->hw_value;
987 			if ( hwchan->maxpower != 0 &&
988 			     chan->maxpower > hwchan->maxpower )
989 				chan->maxpower = hwchan->maxpower;
990 			if ( old_freq == chan->center_freq )
991 				dev->channel = i - delta;
992 			if ( delta )
993 				chan[-delta] = *chan;
994 		}
995 	}
996 
997 	dev->nr_channels -= delta;
998 
999 	if ( dev->channels[dev->channel].center_freq != old_freq )
1000 		dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_CHANNEL );
1001 }
1002 
1003 /**
1004  * Update 802.11 device state to reflect received capabilities field
1005  *
1006  * @v dev	802.11 device
1007  * @v capab	Capabilities field in beacon, probe, or association frame
1008  * @ret rc	Return status code
1009  */
net80211_process_capab(struct net80211_device * dev,u16 capab)1010 static int net80211_process_capab ( struct net80211_device *dev,
1011 				    u16 capab )
1012 {
1013 	u16 old_phy = dev->phy_flags;
1014 
1015 	if ( ( capab & ( IEEE80211_CAPAB_MANAGED | IEEE80211_CAPAB_ADHOC ) ) !=
1016 	     IEEE80211_CAPAB_MANAGED ) {
1017 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p cannot handle IBSS network\n", dev );
1018 		return -ENOSYS;
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	dev->phy_flags &= ~( NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE |
1022 			     NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_SLOT );
1023 
1024 	if ( capab & IEEE80211_CAPAB_SHORT_PMBL )
1025 		dev->phy_flags |= NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE;
1026 
1027 	if ( capab & IEEE80211_CAPAB_SHORT_SLOT )
1028 		dev->phy_flags |= NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_SLOT;
1029 
1030 	if ( old_phy != dev->phy_flags )
1031 		dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_PHY_PARAMS );
1032 
1033 	return 0;
1034 }
1035 
1036 /**
1037  * Update 802.11 device state to reflect received information elements
1038  *
1039  * @v dev	802.11 device
1040  * @v ie	Pointer to first information element
1041  * @v ie_end	Pointer to tail of packet I/O buffer
1042  * @ret rc	Return status code
1043  */
net80211_process_ie(struct net80211_device * dev,union ieee80211_ie * ie,void * ie_end)1044 static int net80211_process_ie ( struct net80211_device *dev,
1045 				 union ieee80211_ie *ie, void *ie_end )
1046 {
1047 	u16 old_rate = dev->rates[dev->rate];
1048 	u16 old_phy = dev->phy_flags;
1049 	int have_rates = 0, i;
1050 	int ds_channel = 0;
1051 	int changed = 0;
1052 	int band = dev->channels[dev->channel].band;
1053 
1054 	if ( ! ieee80211_ie_bound ( ie, ie_end ) )
1055 		return 0;
1056 
1057 	for ( ; ie; ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, ie_end ) ) {
1058 		switch ( ie->id ) {
1059 		case IEEE80211_IE_SSID:
1060 			if ( ie->len <= 32 ) {
1061 				memcpy ( dev->essid, ie->ssid, ie->len );
1062 				dev->essid[ie->len] = 0;
1063 			}
1064 			break;
1065 
1066 		case IEEE80211_IE_RATES:
1067 		case IEEE80211_IE_EXT_RATES:
1068 			if ( ! have_rates ) {
1069 				dev->nr_rates = 0;
1070 				dev->basic_rates = 0;
1071 				have_rates = 1;
1072 			}
1073 			for ( i = 0; i < ie->len &&
1074 			      dev->nr_rates < NET80211_MAX_RATES; i++ ) {
1075 				u8 rid = ie->rates[i];
1076 				u16 rate = ( rid & 0x7f ) * 5;
1077 
1078 				if ( rid & 0x80 )
1079 					dev->basic_rates |=
1080 						( 1 << dev->nr_rates );
1081 
1082 				dev->rates[dev->nr_rates++] = rate;
1083 			}
1084 
1085 			break;
1086 
1087 		case IEEE80211_IE_DS_PARAM:
1088 			if ( dev->channel < dev->nr_channels && ds_channel ==
1089 			     dev->channels[dev->channel].channel_nr )
1090 				break;
1091 			ds_channel = ie->ds_param.current_channel;
1092 			net80211_change_channel ( dev, ds_channel );
1093 			break;
1094 
1095 		case IEEE80211_IE_COUNTRY:
1096 			dev->nr_channels = 0;
1097 
1098 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p setting country regulations "
1099 			       "for %c%c\n", dev, ie->country.name[0],
1100 			       ie->country.name[1] );
1101 			for ( i = 0; i < ( ie->len - 3 ) / 3; i++ ) {
1102 				union ieee80211_ie_country_triplet *t =
1103 					&ie->country.triplet[i];
1104 				if ( t->first > 200 ) {
1105 					DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p ignoring regulatory "
1106 					       "extension information\n", dev );
1107 				} else {
1108 					net80211_add_channels ( dev,
1109 							t->band.first_channel,
1110 							t->band.nr_channels,
1111 							t->band.max_txpower );
1112 				}
1113 			}
1114 			net80211_filter_hw_channels ( dev );
1115 			break;
1116 
1117 		case IEEE80211_IE_ERP_INFO:
1118 			dev->phy_flags &= ~( NET80211_PHY_USE_PROTECTION |
1119 					     NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE );
1120 			if ( ie->erp_info & IEEE80211_ERP_USE_PROTECTION )
1121 				dev->phy_flags |= NET80211_PHY_USE_PROTECTION;
1122 			if ( ! ( ie->erp_info & IEEE80211_ERP_BARKER_LONG ) )
1123 				dev->phy_flags |= NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE;
1124 			break;
1125 		}
1126 	}
1127 
1128 	if ( have_rates ) {
1129 		/* Allow only those rates that are also supported by
1130 		   the hardware. */
1131 		int delta = 0, j;
1132 
1133 		dev->rate = 0;
1134 		for ( i = 0; i < dev->nr_rates; i++ ) {
1135 			int ok = 0;
1136 			for ( j = 0; j < dev->hw->nr_rates[band]; j++ ) {
1137 				if ( dev->hw->rates[band][j] == dev->rates[i] ){
1138 					ok = 1;
1139 					break;
1140 				}
1141 			}
1142 
1143 			if ( ! ok )
1144 				delta++;
1145 			else {
1146 				dev->rates[i - delta] = dev->rates[i];
1147 				if ( old_rate == dev->rates[i] )
1148 					dev->rate = i - delta;
1149 			}
1150 		}
1151 
1152 		dev->nr_rates -= delta;
1153 
1154 		/* Sort available rates - sorted subclumps tend to already
1155 		   exist, so insertion sort works well. */
1156 		for ( i = 1; i < dev->nr_rates; i++ ) {
1157 			u16 rate = dev->rates[i];
1158 			u32 tmp, br, mask;
1159 
1160 			for ( j = i - 1; j >= 0 && dev->rates[j] >= rate; j-- )
1161 				dev->rates[j + 1] = dev->rates[j];
1162 			dev->rates[j + 1] = rate;
1163 
1164 			/* Adjust basic_rates to match by rotating the
1165 			   bits from bit j+1 to bit i left one position. */
1166 			mask = ( ( 1 << i ) - 1 ) & ~( ( 1 << ( j + 1 ) ) - 1 );
1167 			br = dev->basic_rates;
1168 			tmp = br & ( 1 << i );
1169 			br = ( br & ~( mask | tmp ) ) | ( ( br & mask ) << 1 );
1170 			br |= ( tmp >> ( i - j - 1 ) );
1171 			dev->basic_rates = br;
1172 		}
1173 
1174 		net80211_set_rtscts_rate ( dev );
1175 
1176 		if ( dev->rates[dev->rate] != old_rate )
1177 			changed |= NET80211_CFG_RATE;
1178 	}
1179 
1180 	if ( dev->hw->flags & NET80211_HW_NO_SHORT_PREAMBLE )
1181 		dev->phy_flags &= ~NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_PREAMBLE;
1182 	if ( dev->hw->flags & NET80211_HW_NO_SHORT_SLOT )
1183 		dev->phy_flags &= ~NET80211_PHY_USE_SHORT_SLOT;
1184 
1185 	if ( old_phy != dev->phy_flags )
1186 		changed |= NET80211_CFG_PHY_PARAMS;
1187 
1188 	if ( changed )
1189 		dev->op->config ( dev, changed );
1190 
1191 	return 0;
1192 }
1193 
1194 /**
1195  * Create information elements for outgoing probe or association packet
1196  *
1197  * @v dev		802.11 device
1198  * @v ie		Pointer to start of information element area
1199  * @ret next_ie		Pointer to first byte after added information elements
1200  */
1201 static union ieee80211_ie *
net80211_marshal_request_info(struct net80211_device * dev,union ieee80211_ie * ie)1202 net80211_marshal_request_info ( struct net80211_device *dev,
1203 				union ieee80211_ie *ie )
1204 {
1205 	int i;
1206 
1207 	ie->id = IEEE80211_IE_SSID;
1208 	ie->len = strlen ( dev->essid );
1209 	memcpy ( ie->ssid, dev->essid, ie->len );
1210 
1211 	ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, NULL );
1212 
1213 	ie->id = IEEE80211_IE_RATES;
1214 	ie->len = dev->nr_rates;
1215 	if ( ie->len > 8 )
1216 		ie->len = 8;
1217 
1218 	for ( i = 0; i < ie->len; i++ ) {
1219 		ie->rates[i] = dev->rates[i] / 5;
1220 		if ( dev->basic_rates & ( 1 << i ) )
1221 			ie->rates[i] |= 0x80;
1222 	}
1223 
1224 	ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, NULL );
1225 
1226 	if ( dev->rsn_ie && dev->rsn_ie->id == IEEE80211_IE_RSN ) {
1227 		memcpy ( ie, dev->rsn_ie, dev->rsn_ie->len + 2 );
1228 		ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, NULL );
1229 	}
1230 
1231 	if ( dev->nr_rates > 8 ) {
1232 		/* 802.11 requires we use an Extended Basic Rates IE
1233 		   for the rates beyond the eighth. */
1234 
1235 		ie->id = IEEE80211_IE_EXT_RATES;
1236 		ie->len = dev->nr_rates - 8;
1237 
1238 		for ( ; i < dev->nr_rates; i++ ) {
1239 			ie->rates[i - 8] = dev->rates[i] / 5;
1240 			if ( dev->basic_rates & ( 1 << i ) )
1241 				ie->rates[i - 8] |= 0x80;
1242 		}
1243 
1244 		ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, NULL );
1245 	}
1246 
1247 	if ( dev->rsn_ie && dev->rsn_ie->id == IEEE80211_IE_VENDOR ) {
1248 		memcpy ( ie, dev->rsn_ie, dev->rsn_ie->len + 2 );
1249 		ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, NULL );
1250 	}
1251 
1252 	return ie;
1253 }
1254 
1255 /** Seconds to wait after finding a network, to possibly find better APs for it
1256  *
1257  * This is used when a specific SSID to scan for is specified.
1258  */
1259 #define NET80211_PROBE_GATHER    1
1260 
1261 /** Seconds to wait after finding a network, to possibly find other networks
1262  *
1263  * This is used when an empty SSID is specified, to scan for all
1264  * networks.
1265  */
1266 #define NET80211_PROBE_GATHER_ALL 2
1267 
1268 /** Seconds to allow a probe to take if no network has been found */
1269 #define NET80211_PROBE_TIMEOUT   6
1270 
1271 /**
1272  * Begin probe of 802.11 networks
1273  *
1274  * @v dev	802.11 device
1275  * @v essid	SSID to probe for, or "" to accept any (may not be NULL)
1276  * @v active	Whether to use active scanning
1277  * @ret ctx	Probe context
1278  *
1279  * Active scanning may only be used on channels 1-11 in the 2.4GHz
1280  * band, due to iPXE's lack of a complete regulatory database. If
1281  * active scanning is used, probe packets will be sent on each
1282  * channel; this can allow association with hidden-SSID networks if
1283  * the SSID is properly specified.
1284  *
1285  * A @c NULL return indicates an out-of-memory condition.
1286  *
1287  * The returned context must be periodically passed to
1288  * net80211_probe_step() until that function returns zero.
1289  */
net80211_probe_start(struct net80211_device * dev,const char * essid,int active)1290 struct net80211_probe_ctx * net80211_probe_start ( struct net80211_device *dev,
1291 						   const char *essid,
1292 						   int active )
1293 {
1294 	struct net80211_probe_ctx *ctx = zalloc ( sizeof ( *ctx ) );
1295 
1296 	if ( ! ctx )
1297 		return NULL;
1298 
1299 	assert ( netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) );
1300 
1301 	ctx->dev = dev;
1302 	ctx->old_keep_mgmt = net80211_keep_mgmt ( dev, 1 );
1303 	ctx->essid = essid;
1304 	if ( dev->essid != ctx->essid )
1305 		strcpy ( dev->essid, ctx->essid );
1306 
1307 	if ( active ) {
1308 		struct ieee80211_probe_req *probe_req;
1309 		union ieee80211_ie *ie;
1310 
1311 		ctx->probe = alloc_iob ( 128 );
1312 		iob_reserve ( ctx->probe, IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
1313 		probe_req = ctx->probe->data;
1314 
1315 		ie = net80211_marshal_request_info ( dev,
1316 						     probe_req->info_element );
1317 
1318 		iob_put ( ctx->probe, ( void * ) ie - ctx->probe->data );
1319 	}
1320 
1321 	ctx->ticks_start = currticks();
1322 	ctx->ticks_beacon = 0;
1323 	ctx->ticks_channel = currticks();
1324 	ctx->hop_time = TICKS_PER_SEC / ( active ? 2 : 6 );
1325 
1326 	/*
1327 	 * Channels on 2.4GHz overlap, and the most commonly used
1328 	 * are 1, 6, and 11. We'll get a result faster if we check
1329 	 * every 5 channels, but in order to hit all of them the
1330 	 * number of channels must be relatively prime to 5. If it's
1331 	 * not, tweak the hop.
1332 	 */
1333 	ctx->hop_step = 5;
1334 	while ( dev->nr_channels % ctx->hop_step == 0 && ctx->hop_step > 1 )
1335 		ctx->hop_step--;
1336 
1337 	ctx->beacons = malloc ( sizeof ( *ctx->beacons ) );
1338 	INIT_LIST_HEAD ( ctx->beacons );
1339 
1340 	dev->channel = 0;
1341 	dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_CHANNEL );
1342 
1343 	return ctx;
1344 }
1345 
1346 /**
1347  * Continue probe of 802.11 networks
1348  *
1349  * @v ctx	Probe context returned by net80211_probe_start()
1350  * @ret rc	Probe status
1351  *
1352  * The return code will be 0 if the probe is still going on (and this
1353  * function should be called again), a positive number if the probe
1354  * completed successfully, or a negative error code if the probe
1355  * failed for that reason.
1356  *
1357  * Whether the probe succeeded or failed, you must call
1358  * net80211_probe_finish_all() or net80211_probe_finish_best()
1359  * (depending on whether you want information on all networks or just
1360  * the best-signal one) in order to release the probe context. A
1361  * failed probe may still have acquired some valid data.
1362  */
net80211_probe_step(struct net80211_probe_ctx * ctx)1363 int net80211_probe_step ( struct net80211_probe_ctx *ctx )
1364 {
1365 	struct net80211_device *dev = ctx->dev;
1366 	u32 start_timeout = NET80211_PROBE_TIMEOUT * TICKS_PER_SEC;
1367 	u32 gather_timeout = TICKS_PER_SEC;
1368 	u32 now = currticks();
1369 	struct io_buffer *iob;
1370 	int signal;
1371 	int rc;
1372 	char ssid[IEEE80211_MAX_SSID_LEN + 1];
1373 
1374 	gather_timeout *= ( ctx->essid[0] ? NET80211_PROBE_GATHER :
1375 			    NET80211_PROBE_GATHER_ALL );
1376 
1377 	/* Time out if necessary */
1378 	if ( now >= ctx->ticks_start + start_timeout )
1379 		return list_empty ( ctx->beacons ) ? -ETIMEDOUT : +1;
1380 
1381 	if ( ctx->ticks_beacon > 0 && now >= ctx->ticks_start + gather_timeout )
1382 		return +1;
1383 
1384 	/* Change channels if necessary */
1385 	if ( now >= ctx->ticks_channel + ctx->hop_time ) {
1386 		dev->channel = ( dev->channel + ctx->hop_step )
1387 			% dev->nr_channels;
1388 		dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_CHANNEL );
1389 		udelay ( dev->hw->channel_change_time );
1390 
1391 		ctx->ticks_channel = now;
1392 
1393 		if ( ctx->probe ) {
1394 			struct io_buffer *siob = ctx->probe; /* to send */
1395 
1396 			/* make a copy for future use */
1397 			iob = alloc_iob ( siob->tail - siob->head );
1398 			iob_reserve ( iob, iob_headroom ( siob ) );
1399 			memcpy ( iob_put ( iob, iob_len ( siob ) ),
1400 				 siob->data, iob_len ( siob ) );
1401 
1402 			ctx->probe = iob;
1403 			rc = net80211_tx_mgmt ( dev, IEEE80211_STYPE_PROBE_REQ,
1404 						eth_broadcast,
1405 						iob_disown ( siob ) );
1406 			if ( rc ) {
1407 				DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p send probe failed: "
1408 				       "%s\n", dev, strerror ( rc ) );
1409 				return rc;
1410 			}
1411 		}
1412 	}
1413 
1414 	/* Check for new management packets */
1415 	while ( ( iob = net80211_mgmt_dequeue ( dev, &signal ) ) != NULL ) {
1416 		struct ieee80211_frame *hdr;
1417 		struct ieee80211_beacon *beacon;
1418 		union ieee80211_ie *ie;
1419 		struct net80211_wlan *wlan;
1420 		u16 type;
1421 
1422 		hdr = iob->data;
1423 		type = hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_SUBTYPE;
1424 		beacon = ( struct ieee80211_beacon * ) hdr->data;
1425 
1426 		if ( type != IEEE80211_STYPE_BEACON &&
1427 		     type != IEEE80211_STYPE_PROBE_RESP ) {
1428 			DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: non-beacon\n", dev );
1429 			goto drop;
1430 		}
1431 
1432 		if ( ( void * ) beacon->info_element >= iob->tail ) {
1433 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: beacon with no IEs\n",
1434 			       dev );
1435 			goto drop;
1436 		}
1437 
1438 		ie = beacon->info_element;
1439 
1440 		if ( ! ieee80211_ie_bound ( ie, iob->tail ) )
1441 			ie = NULL;
1442 
1443 		while ( ie && ie->id != IEEE80211_IE_SSID )
1444 			ie = ieee80211_next_ie ( ie, iob->tail );
1445 
1446 		if ( ! ie ) {
1447 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: beacon with no SSID\n",
1448 			       dev );
1449 			goto drop;
1450 		}
1451 
1452 		memcpy ( ssid, ie->ssid, ie->len );
1453 		ssid[ie->len] = 0;
1454 
1455 		if ( ctx->essid[0] && strcmp ( ctx->essid, ssid ) != 0 ) {
1456 			DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: beacon with wrong SSID "
1457 				"(%s)\n", dev, ssid );
1458 			goto drop;
1459 		}
1460 
1461 		/* See if we've got an entry for this network */
1462 		list_for_each_entry ( wlan, ctx->beacons, list ) {
1463 			if ( strcmp ( wlan->essid, ssid ) != 0 )
1464 				continue;
1465 
1466 			if ( signal < wlan->signal ) {
1467 				DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: beacon for %s "
1468 					"(%s) with weaker signal %d\n", dev,
1469 					ssid, eth_ntoa ( hdr->addr3 ), signal );
1470 				goto drop;
1471 			}
1472 
1473 			goto fill;
1474 		}
1475 
1476 		/* No entry yet - make one */
1477 		wlan = zalloc ( sizeof ( *wlan ) );
1478 		strcpy ( wlan->essid, ssid );
1479 		list_add_tail ( &wlan->list, ctx->beacons );
1480 
1481 		/* Whether we're using an old entry or a new one, fill
1482 		   it with new data. */
1483 	fill:
1484 		memcpy ( wlan->bssid, hdr->addr3, ETH_ALEN );
1485 		wlan->signal = signal;
1486 		wlan->channel = dev->channels[dev->channel].channel_nr;
1487 
1488 		/* Copy this I/O buffer into a new wlan->beacon; the
1489 		 * iob we've got probably came from the device driver
1490 		 * and may have the full 2.4k allocation, which we
1491 		 * don't want to keep around wasting memory.
1492 		 */
1493 		free_iob ( wlan->beacon );
1494 		wlan->beacon = alloc_iob ( iob_len ( iob ) );
1495 		memcpy ( iob_put ( wlan->beacon, iob_len ( iob ) ),
1496 			 iob->data, iob_len ( iob ) );
1497 
1498 		if ( ( rc = sec80211_detect ( wlan->beacon, &wlan->handshaking,
1499 					      &wlan->crypto ) ) == -ENOTSUP ) {
1500 			struct ieee80211_beacon *beacon =
1501 				( struct ieee80211_beacon * ) hdr->data;
1502 
1503 			if ( beacon->capability & IEEE80211_CAPAB_PRIVACY ) {
1504 				DBG ( "802.11 %p probe: secured network %s but "
1505 				      "encryption support not compiled in\n",
1506 				      dev, wlan->essid );
1507 				wlan->handshaking = NET80211_SECPROT_UNKNOWN;
1508 				wlan->crypto = NET80211_CRYPT_UNKNOWN;
1509 			} else {
1510 				wlan->handshaking = NET80211_SECPROT_NONE;
1511 				wlan->crypto = NET80211_CRYPT_NONE;
1512 			}
1513 		} else if ( rc != 0 ) {
1514 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p probe warning: network "
1515 			       "%s with unidentifiable security "
1516 			       "settings: %s\n", dev, wlan->essid,
1517 			       strerror ( rc ) );
1518 		}
1519 
1520 		ctx->ticks_beacon = now;
1521 
1522 		DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p probe: good beacon for %s (%s)\n",
1523 			dev, wlan->essid, eth_ntoa ( wlan->bssid ) );
1524 
1525 	drop:
1526 		free_iob ( iob );
1527 	}
1528 
1529 	return 0;
1530 }
1531 
1532 
1533 /**
1534  * Finish probe of 802.11 networks, returning best-signal network found
1535  *
1536  * @v ctx	Probe context
1537  * @ret wlan	Best-signal network found, or @c NULL if none were found
1538  *
1539  * If net80211_probe_start() was called with a particular SSID
1540  * parameter as filter, only a network with that SSID (matching
1541  * case-sensitively) can be returned from this function.
1542  */
1543 struct net80211_wlan *
net80211_probe_finish_best(struct net80211_probe_ctx * ctx)1544 net80211_probe_finish_best ( struct net80211_probe_ctx *ctx )
1545 {
1546 	struct net80211_wlan *best = NULL, *wlan;
1547 
1548 	if ( ! ctx )
1549 		return NULL;
1550 
1551 	list_for_each_entry ( wlan, ctx->beacons, list ) {
1552 		if ( ! best || best->signal < wlan->signal )
1553 			best = wlan;
1554 	}
1555 
1556 	if ( best )
1557 		list_del ( &best->list );
1558 	else
1559 		DBGC ( ctx->dev, "802.11 %p probe: found nothing for '%s'\n",
1560 		       ctx->dev, ctx->essid );
1561 
1562 	net80211_free_wlanlist ( ctx->beacons );
1563 
1564 	net80211_keep_mgmt ( ctx->dev, ctx->old_keep_mgmt );
1565 
1566 	if ( ctx->probe )
1567 		free_iob ( ctx->probe );
1568 
1569 	free ( ctx );
1570 
1571 	return best;
1572 }
1573 
1574 
1575 /**
1576  * Finish probe of 802.11 networks, returning all networks found
1577  *
1578  * @v ctx	Probe context
1579  * @ret list	List of net80211_wlan detailing networks found
1580  *
1581  * If net80211_probe_start() was called with a particular SSID
1582  * parameter as filter, this will always return either an empty or a
1583  * one-element list.
1584  */
net80211_probe_finish_all(struct net80211_probe_ctx * ctx)1585 struct list_head *net80211_probe_finish_all ( struct net80211_probe_ctx *ctx )
1586 {
1587 	struct list_head *beacons = ctx->beacons;
1588 
1589 	net80211_keep_mgmt ( ctx->dev, ctx->old_keep_mgmt );
1590 
1591 	if ( ctx->probe )
1592 		free_iob ( ctx->probe );
1593 
1594 	free ( ctx );
1595 
1596 	return beacons;
1597 }
1598 
1599 
1600 /**
1601  * Free WLAN structure
1602  *
1603  * @v wlan	WLAN structure to free
1604  */
net80211_free_wlan(struct net80211_wlan * wlan)1605 void net80211_free_wlan ( struct net80211_wlan *wlan )
1606 {
1607 	if ( wlan ) {
1608 		free_iob ( wlan->beacon );
1609 		free ( wlan );
1610 	}
1611 }
1612 
1613 
1614 /**
1615  * Free list of WLAN structures
1616  *
1617  * @v list	List of WLAN structures to free
1618  */
net80211_free_wlanlist(struct list_head * list)1619 void net80211_free_wlanlist ( struct list_head *list )
1620 {
1621 	struct net80211_wlan *wlan, *tmp;
1622 
1623 	if ( ! list )
1624 		return;
1625 
1626 	list_for_each_entry_safe ( wlan, tmp, list, list ) {
1627 		list_del ( &wlan->list );
1628 		net80211_free_wlan ( wlan );
1629 	}
1630 
1631 	free ( list );
1632 }
1633 
1634 
1635 /** Number of ticks to wait for replies to association management frames */
1636 #define ASSOC_TIMEOUT	TICKS_PER_SEC
1637 
1638 /** Number of times to try sending a particular association management frame */
1639 #define ASSOC_RETRIES	2
1640 
1641 /**
1642  * Step 802.11 association process
1643  *
1644  * @v dev	802.11 device
1645  */
net80211_step_associate(struct net80211_device * dev)1646 static void net80211_step_associate ( struct net80211_device *dev )
1647 {
1648 	int rc = 0;
1649 	int status = dev->state & NET80211_STATUS_MASK;
1650 
1651 	/*
1652 	 * We use a sort of state machine implemented using bits in
1653 	 * the dev->state variable. At each call, we take the
1654 	 * logically first step that has not yet succeeded; either it
1655 	 * has not been tried yet, it's being retried, or it failed.
1656 	 * If it failed, we return an error indication; otherwise we
1657 	 * perform the step. If it succeeds, RX handling code will set
1658 	 * the appropriate status bit for us.
1659 	 *
1660 	 * Probe works a bit differently, since we have to step it
1661 	 * on every call instead of waiting for a packet to arrive
1662 	 * that will set the completion bit for us.
1663 	 */
1664 
1665 	/* If we're waiting for a reply, check for timeout condition */
1666 	if ( dev->state & NET80211_WAITING ) {
1667 		/* Sanity check */
1668 		if ( ! dev->associating )
1669 			return;
1670 
1671 		if ( currticks() - dev->ctx.assoc->last_packet > ASSOC_TIMEOUT ) {
1672 			/* Timed out - fail if too many retries, or retry */
1673 			dev->ctx.assoc->times_tried++;
1674 			if ( ++dev->ctx.assoc->times_tried > ASSOC_RETRIES ) {
1675 				rc = -ETIMEDOUT;
1676 				goto fail;
1677 			}
1678 		} else {
1679 			/* Didn't time out - let it keep going */
1680 			return;
1681 		}
1682 	} else {
1683 		if ( dev->state & NET80211_PROBED )
1684 			dev->ctx.assoc->times_tried = 0;
1685 	}
1686 
1687 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_PROBED ) ) {
1688 		/* state: probe */
1689 
1690 		if ( ! dev->ctx.probe ) {
1691 			/* start probe */
1692 			int active = fetch_intz_setting ( NULL,
1693 						&net80211_active_setting );
1694 			int band = dev->hw->bands;
1695 
1696 			if ( active )
1697 				band &= ~NET80211_BAND_BIT_5GHZ;
1698 
1699 			rc = net80211_prepare_probe ( dev, band, active );
1700 			if ( rc )
1701 				goto fail;
1702 
1703 			dev->ctx.probe = net80211_probe_start ( dev, dev->essid,
1704 								active );
1705 			if ( ! dev->ctx.probe ) {
1706 				dev->assoc_rc = -ENOMEM;
1707 				goto fail;
1708 			}
1709 		}
1710 
1711 		rc = net80211_probe_step ( dev->ctx.probe );
1712 		if ( ! rc ) {
1713 			return;	/* still going */
1714 		}
1715 
1716 		dev->associating = net80211_probe_finish_best ( dev->ctx.probe );
1717 		dev->ctx.probe = NULL;
1718 		if ( ! dev->associating ) {
1719 			if ( rc > 0 ) /* "successful" probe found nothing */
1720 				rc = -ETIMEDOUT;
1721 			goto fail;
1722 		}
1723 
1724 		/* If we probed using a broadcast SSID, record that
1725 		   fact for the settings applicator before we clobber
1726 		   it with the specific SSID we've chosen. */
1727 		if ( ! dev->essid[0] )
1728 			dev->state |= NET80211_AUTO_SSID;
1729 
1730 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p found network %s (%s)\n", dev,
1731 		       dev->associating->essid,
1732 		       eth_ntoa ( dev->associating->bssid ) );
1733 
1734 		dev->ctx.assoc = zalloc ( sizeof ( *dev->ctx.assoc ) );
1735 		if ( ! dev->ctx.assoc ) {
1736 			rc = -ENOMEM;
1737 			goto fail;
1738 		}
1739 
1740 		dev->state |= NET80211_PROBED;
1741 		dev->ctx.assoc->method = IEEE80211_AUTH_OPEN_SYSTEM;
1742 
1743 		return;
1744 	}
1745 
1746 	/* Record time of sending the packet we're about to send, for timeout */
1747 	dev->ctx.assoc->last_packet = currticks();
1748 
1749 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_AUTHENTICATED ) ) {
1750 		/* state: prepare and authenticate */
1751 
1752 		if ( status != IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS ) {
1753 			/* we tried authenticating already, but failed */
1754 			int method = dev->ctx.assoc->method;
1755 
1756 			if ( method == IEEE80211_AUTH_OPEN_SYSTEM &&
1757 			     ( status == IEEE80211_STATUS_AUTH_CHALL_INVALID ||
1758 			       status == IEEE80211_STATUS_AUTH_ALGO_UNSUPP ) ) {
1759 				/* Maybe this network uses Shared Key? */
1760 				dev->ctx.assoc->method =
1761 					IEEE80211_AUTH_SHARED_KEY;
1762 			} else {
1763 				goto fail;
1764 			}
1765 		}
1766 
1767 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p authenticating with method %d\n", dev,
1768 		       dev->ctx.assoc->method );
1769 
1770 		rc = net80211_prepare_assoc ( dev, dev->associating );
1771 		if ( rc )
1772 			goto fail;
1773 
1774 		rc = net80211_send_auth ( dev, dev->associating,
1775 					  dev->ctx.assoc->method );
1776 		if ( rc )
1777 			goto fail;
1778 
1779 		return;
1780 	}
1781 
1782 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) ) {
1783 		/* state: associate */
1784 
1785 		if ( status != IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS )
1786 			goto fail;
1787 
1788 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p associating\n", dev );
1789 
1790 		if ( dev->handshaker && dev->handshaker->start &&
1791 		     ! dev->handshaker->started ) {
1792 			rc = dev->handshaker->start ( dev );
1793 			if ( rc < 0 )
1794 				goto fail;
1795 			dev->handshaker->started = 1;
1796 		}
1797 
1798 		rc = net80211_send_assoc ( dev, dev->associating );
1799 		if ( rc )
1800 			goto fail;
1801 
1802 		return;
1803 	}
1804 
1805 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_CRYPTO_SYNCED ) ) {
1806 		/* state: crypto sync */
1807 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p security handshaking\n", dev );
1808 
1809 		if ( ! dev->handshaker || ! dev->handshaker->step ) {
1810 			dev->state |= NET80211_CRYPTO_SYNCED;
1811 			return;
1812 		}
1813 
1814 		rc = dev->handshaker->step ( dev );
1815 
1816 		if ( rc < 0 ) {
1817 			/* Only record the returned error if we're
1818 			   still marked as associated, because an
1819 			   asynchronous error will have already been
1820 			   reported to net80211_deauthenticate() and
1821 			   assoc_rc thereby set. */
1822 			if ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED )
1823 				dev->assoc_rc = rc;
1824 			rc = 0;
1825 			goto fail;
1826 		}
1827 
1828 		if ( rc > 0 ) {
1829 			dev->assoc_rc = 0;
1830 			dev->state |= NET80211_CRYPTO_SYNCED;
1831 		}
1832 		return;
1833 	}
1834 
1835 	/* state: done! */
1836 	netdev_link_up ( dev->netdev );
1837 	dev->assoc_rc = 0;
1838 	dev->state &= ~NET80211_WORKING;
1839 
1840 	free ( dev->ctx.assoc );
1841 	dev->ctx.assoc = NULL;
1842 
1843 	net80211_free_wlan ( dev->associating );
1844 	dev->associating = NULL;
1845 
1846 	dev->rctl = rc80211_init ( dev );
1847 
1848 	process_del ( &dev->proc_assoc );
1849 
1850 	DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p associated with %s (%s)\n", dev,
1851 	       dev->essid, eth_ntoa ( dev->bssid ) );
1852 
1853 	return;
1854 
1855  fail:
1856 	dev->state &= ~( NET80211_WORKING | NET80211_WAITING );
1857 	if ( rc )
1858 		dev->assoc_rc = rc;
1859 
1860 	netdev_link_err ( dev->netdev, dev->assoc_rc );
1861 
1862 	/* We never reach here from the middle of a probe, so we don't
1863 	   need to worry about freeing dev->ctx.probe. */
1864 
1865 	if ( dev->state & NET80211_PROBED ) {
1866 		free ( dev->ctx.assoc );
1867 		dev->ctx.assoc = NULL;
1868 	}
1869 
1870 	net80211_free_wlan ( dev->associating );
1871 	dev->associating = NULL;
1872 
1873 	process_del ( &dev->proc_assoc );
1874 
1875 	DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p association failed (state=%04x): "
1876 	       "%s\n", dev, dev->state, strerror ( dev->assoc_rc ) );
1877 
1878 	/* Try it again: */
1879 	net80211_autoassociate ( dev );
1880 }
1881 
1882 /**
1883  * Check for 802.11 SSID or key updates
1884  *
1885  * This acts as a settings applicator; if the user changes netX/ssid,
1886  * and netX is currently open, the association task will be invoked
1887  * again. If the user changes the encryption key, the current security
1888  * handshaker will be asked to update its state to match; if that is
1889  * impossible without reassociation, we reassociate.
1890  */
net80211_check_settings_update(void)1891 static int net80211_check_settings_update ( void )
1892 {
1893 	struct net80211_device *dev;
1894 	char ssid[IEEE80211_MAX_SSID_LEN + 1];
1895 	int key_reassoc;
1896 
1897 	list_for_each_entry ( dev, &net80211_devices, list ) {
1898 		if ( ! netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) )
1899 			continue;
1900 
1901 		key_reassoc = 0;
1902 		if ( dev->handshaker && dev->handshaker->change_key &&
1903 		     dev->handshaker->change_key ( dev ) < 0 )
1904 			key_reassoc = 1;
1905 
1906 		fetch_string_setting ( netdev_settings ( dev->netdev ),
1907 				       &net80211_ssid_setting, ssid,
1908 				       IEEE80211_MAX_SSID_LEN + 1 );
1909 
1910 		if ( key_reassoc ||
1911 		     ( ! ( ! ssid[0] && ( dev->state & NET80211_AUTO_SSID ) ) &&
1912 		       strcmp ( ssid, dev->essid ) != 0 ) ) {
1913 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p updating association: "
1914 			       "%s -> %s\n", dev, dev->essid, ssid );
1915 			net80211_autoassociate ( dev );
1916 		}
1917 	}
1918 
1919 	return 0;
1920 }
1921 
1922 /**
1923  * Start 802.11 association process
1924  *
1925  * @v dev	802.11 device
1926  *
1927  * If the association process is running, it will be restarted.
1928  */
net80211_autoassociate(struct net80211_device * dev)1929 void net80211_autoassociate ( struct net80211_device *dev )
1930 {
1931 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_WORKING ) ) {
1932 		DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p spawning association process\n", dev );
1933 		process_add ( &dev->proc_assoc );
1934 	} else {
1935 		DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p restarting association\n", dev );
1936 	}
1937 
1938 	/* Clean up everything an earlier association process might
1939 	   have been in the middle of using */
1940 	if ( dev->associating )
1941 		net80211_free_wlan ( dev->associating );
1942 
1943 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_PROBED ) )
1944 		net80211_free_wlan (
1945 			net80211_probe_finish_best ( dev->ctx.probe ) );
1946 	else
1947 		free ( dev->ctx.assoc );
1948 
1949 	/* Reset to a clean state */
1950 	fetch_string_setting ( netdev_settings ( dev->netdev ),
1951 			       &net80211_ssid_setting, dev->essid,
1952 			       IEEE80211_MAX_SSID_LEN + 1 );
1953 	dev->ctx.probe = NULL;
1954 	dev->associating = NULL;
1955 	dev->assoc_rc = 0;
1956 	net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_PROBED, NET80211_WORKING, 0 );
1957 }
1958 
1959 /**
1960  * Pick TX rate for RTS/CTS packets based on data rate
1961  *
1962  * @v dev	802.11 device
1963  *
1964  * The RTS/CTS rate is the fastest TX rate marked as "basic" that is
1965  * not faster than the data rate.
1966  */
net80211_set_rtscts_rate(struct net80211_device * dev)1967 static void net80211_set_rtscts_rate ( struct net80211_device *dev )
1968 {
1969 	u16 datarate = dev->rates[dev->rate];
1970 	u16 rtsrate = 0;
1971 	int rts_idx = -1;
1972 	int i;
1973 
1974 	for ( i = 0; i < dev->nr_rates; i++ ) {
1975 		u16 rate = dev->rates[i];
1976 
1977 		if ( ! ( dev->basic_rates & ( 1 << i ) ) || rate > datarate )
1978 			continue;
1979 
1980 		if ( rate > rtsrate ) {
1981 			rtsrate = rate;
1982 			rts_idx = i;
1983 		}
1984 	}
1985 
1986 	/* If this is in initialization, we might not have any basic
1987 	   rates; just use the first data rate in that case. */
1988 	if ( rts_idx < 0 )
1989 		rts_idx = 0;
1990 
1991 	dev->rtscts_rate = rts_idx;
1992 }
1993 
1994 /**
1995  * Set data transmission rate for 802.11 device
1996  *
1997  * @v dev	802.11 device
1998  * @v rate	Rate to set, as index into @c dev->rates array
1999  */
net80211_set_rate_idx(struct net80211_device * dev,int rate)2000 void net80211_set_rate_idx ( struct net80211_device *dev, int rate )
2001 {
2002 	assert ( netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) );
2003 
2004 	if ( rate >= 0 && rate < dev->nr_rates && rate != dev->rate ) {
2005 		DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p changing rate from %d->%d Mbps\n",
2006 			dev, dev->rates[dev->rate] / 10,
2007 			dev->rates[rate] / 10 );
2008 
2009 		dev->rate = rate;
2010 		net80211_set_rtscts_rate ( dev );
2011 		dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_RATE );
2012 	}
2013 }
2014 
2015 /**
2016  * Configure 802.11 device to transmit on a certain channel
2017  *
2018  * @v dev	802.11 device
2019  * @v channel	Channel number (1-11 for 2.4GHz) to transmit on
2020  */
net80211_change_channel(struct net80211_device * dev,int channel)2021 int net80211_change_channel ( struct net80211_device *dev, int channel )
2022 {
2023 	int i, oldchan = dev->channel;
2024 
2025 	assert ( netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) );
2026 
2027 	for ( i = 0; i < dev->nr_channels; i++ ) {
2028 		if ( dev->channels[i].channel_nr == channel ) {
2029 			dev->channel = i;
2030 			break;
2031 		}
2032 	}
2033 
2034 	if ( i == dev->nr_channels )
2035 		return -ENOENT;
2036 
2037 	if ( i != oldchan )
2038 		return dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_CHANNEL );
2039 
2040 	return 0;
2041 }
2042 
2043 /**
2044  * Prepare 802.11 device channel and rate set for scanning
2045  *
2046  * @v dev	802.11 device
2047  * @v band	RF band(s) on which to prepare for scanning
2048  * @v active	Whether the scanning will be active
2049  * @ret rc	Return status code
2050  */
net80211_prepare_probe(struct net80211_device * dev,int band,int active)2051 int net80211_prepare_probe ( struct net80211_device *dev, int band,
2052 			     int active )
2053 {
2054 	assert ( netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) );
2055 
2056 	if ( active && ( band & NET80211_BAND_BIT_5GHZ ) ) {
2057 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p cannot perform active scanning on "
2058 		       "5GHz band\n", dev );
2059 		return -EINVAL_ACTIVE_SCAN;
2060 	}
2061 
2062 	if ( band == 0 ) {
2063 		/* This can happen for a 5GHz-only card with 5GHz
2064 		   scanning masked out by an active request. */
2065 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p asked to prepare for scanning nothing\n",
2066 		       dev );
2067 		return -EINVAL_ACTIVE_SCAN;
2068 	}
2069 
2070 	dev->nr_channels = 0;
2071 
2072 	if ( active )
2073 		net80211_add_channels ( dev, 1, 11, NET80211_REG_TXPOWER );
2074 	else {
2075 		if ( band & NET80211_BAND_BIT_2GHZ )
2076 			net80211_add_channels ( dev, 1, 14,
2077 						NET80211_REG_TXPOWER );
2078 		if ( band & NET80211_BAND_BIT_5GHZ )
2079 			net80211_add_channels ( dev, 36, 8,
2080 						NET80211_REG_TXPOWER );
2081 	}
2082 
2083 	net80211_filter_hw_channels ( dev );
2084 
2085 	/* Use channel 1 for now */
2086 	dev->channel = 0;
2087 	dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_CHANNEL );
2088 
2089 	/* Always do active probes at lowest (presumably first) speed */
2090 	dev->rate = 0;
2091 	dev->nr_rates = 1;
2092 	dev->rates[0] = dev->hw->rates[dev->channels[0].band][0];
2093 	dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_RATE );
2094 
2095 	return 0;
2096 }
2097 
2098 /**
2099  * Prepare 802.11 device channel and rate set for communication
2100  *
2101  * @v dev	802.11 device
2102  * @v wlan	WLAN to prepare for communication with
2103  * @ret rc	Return status code
2104  */
net80211_prepare_assoc(struct net80211_device * dev,struct net80211_wlan * wlan)2105 int net80211_prepare_assoc ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2106 			     struct net80211_wlan *wlan )
2107 {
2108 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = wlan->beacon->data;
2109 	struct ieee80211_beacon *beacon =
2110 		( struct ieee80211_beacon * ) hdr->data;
2111 	struct net80211_handshaker *handshaker;
2112 	int rc;
2113 
2114 	assert ( netdev_is_open ( dev->netdev ) );
2115 
2116 	net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_ASSOCIATED, 0, 0 );
2117 	memcpy ( dev->bssid, wlan->bssid, ETH_ALEN );
2118 	strcpy ( dev->essid, wlan->essid );
2119 
2120 	free ( dev->rsn_ie );
2121 	dev->rsn_ie = NULL;
2122 
2123 	dev->last_beacon_timestamp = beacon->timestamp;
2124 	dev->tx_beacon_interval = 1024 * beacon->beacon_interval;
2125 
2126 	/* Barring an IE that tells us the channel outright, assume
2127 	   the channel we heard this AP best on is the channel it's
2128 	   communicating on. */
2129 	net80211_change_channel ( dev, wlan->channel );
2130 
2131 	rc = net80211_process_capab ( dev, beacon->capability );
2132 	if ( rc )
2133 		return rc;
2134 
2135 	rc = net80211_process_ie ( dev, beacon->info_element,
2136 				   wlan->beacon->tail );
2137 	if ( rc )
2138 		return rc;
2139 
2140 	/* Associate at the lowest rate so we know it'll get through */
2141 	dev->rate = 0;
2142 	dev->op->config ( dev, NET80211_CFG_RATE );
2143 
2144 	/* Free old handshaker and crypto, if they exist */
2145 	if ( dev->handshaker && dev->handshaker->stop &&
2146 	     dev->handshaker->started )
2147 		dev->handshaker->stop ( dev );
2148 	free ( dev->handshaker );
2149 	dev->handshaker = NULL;
2150 	free ( dev->crypto );
2151 	free ( dev->gcrypto );
2152 	dev->crypto = dev->gcrypto = NULL;
2153 
2154 	/* Find new security handshaker to use */
2155 	for_each_table_entry ( handshaker, NET80211_HANDSHAKERS ) {
2156 		if ( handshaker->protocol == wlan->handshaking ) {
2157 			dev->handshaker = zalloc ( sizeof ( *handshaker ) +
2158 						   handshaker->priv_len );
2159 			if ( ! dev->handshaker )
2160 				return -ENOMEM;
2161 
2162 			memcpy ( dev->handshaker, handshaker,
2163 				 sizeof ( *handshaker ) );
2164 			dev->handshaker->priv = ( ( void * ) dev->handshaker +
2165 						  sizeof ( *handshaker ) );
2166 			break;
2167 		}
2168 	}
2169 
2170 	if ( ( wlan->handshaking != NET80211_SECPROT_NONE ) &&
2171 	     ! dev->handshaker ) {
2172 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p no support for handshaking scheme %d\n",
2173 		       dev, wlan->handshaking );
2174 		return -( ENOTSUP | ( wlan->handshaking << 8 ) );
2175 	}
2176 
2177 	/* Initialize security handshaker */
2178 	if ( dev->handshaker ) {
2179 		rc = dev->handshaker->init ( dev );
2180 		if ( rc < 0 )
2181 			return rc;
2182 	}
2183 
2184 	return 0;
2185 }
2186 
2187 /**
2188  * Send 802.11 initial authentication frame
2189  *
2190  * @v dev	802.11 device
2191  * @v wlan	WLAN to authenticate with
2192  * @v method	Authentication method
2193  * @ret rc	Return status code
2194  *
2195  * @a method may be 0 for Open System authentication or 1 for Shared
2196  * Key authentication. Open System provides no security in association
2197  * whatsoever, relying on encryption for confidentiality, but Shared
2198  * Key actively introduces security problems and is very rarely used.
2199  */
net80211_send_auth(struct net80211_device * dev,struct net80211_wlan * wlan,int method)2200 int net80211_send_auth ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2201 			 struct net80211_wlan *wlan, int method )
2202 {
2203 	struct io_buffer *iob = alloc_iob ( 64 );
2204 	struct ieee80211_auth *auth;
2205 
2206 	net80211_set_state ( dev, 0, NET80211_WAITING, 0 );
2207 	iob_reserve ( iob, IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
2208 	auth = iob_put ( iob, sizeof ( *auth ) );
2209 	auth->algorithm = method;
2210 	auth->tx_seq = 1;
2211 	auth->status = 0;
2212 
2213 	return net80211_tx_mgmt ( dev, IEEE80211_STYPE_AUTH, wlan->bssid, iob );
2214 }
2215 
2216 /**
2217  * Handle receipt of 802.11 authentication frame
2218  *
2219  * @v dev	802.11 device
2220  * @v iob	I/O buffer
2221  *
2222  * If the authentication method being used is Shared Key, and the
2223  * frame that was received included challenge text, the frame is
2224  * encrypted using the cryptosystem currently in effect and sent back
2225  * to the AP to complete the authentication.
2226  */
net80211_handle_auth(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob)2227 static void net80211_handle_auth ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2228 				   struct io_buffer *iob )
2229 {
2230 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2231 	struct ieee80211_auth *auth =
2232 	    ( struct ieee80211_auth * ) hdr->data;
2233 
2234 	if ( auth->tx_seq & 1 ) {
2235 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p authentication received improperly "
2236 		       "directed frame (seq. %d)\n", dev, auth->tx_seq );
2237 		net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, 0,
2238 				     IEEE80211_STATUS_FAILURE );
2239 		return;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	if ( auth->status != IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS ) {
2243 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p authentication failed: status %d\n",
2244 		       dev, auth->status );
2245 		net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, 0,
2246 				     auth->status );
2247 		return;
2248 	}
2249 
2250 	if ( auth->algorithm == IEEE80211_AUTH_SHARED_KEY && ! dev->crypto ) {
2251 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p can't perform shared-key authentication "
2252 		       "without a cryptosystem\n", dev );
2253 		net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, 0,
2254 				     IEEE80211_STATUS_FAILURE );
2255 		return;
2256 	}
2257 
2258 	if ( auth->algorithm == IEEE80211_AUTH_SHARED_KEY &&
2259 	     auth->tx_seq == 2 ) {
2260 		/* Since the iob we got is going to be freed as soon
2261 		   as we return, we can do some in-place
2262 		   modification. */
2263 		auth->tx_seq = 3;
2264 		auth->status = 0;
2265 
2266 		memcpy ( hdr->addr2, hdr->addr1, ETH_ALEN );
2267 		memcpy ( hdr->addr1, hdr->addr3, ETH_ALEN );
2268 
2269 		netdev_tx ( dev->netdev,
2270 			    dev->crypto->encrypt ( dev->crypto, iob ) );
2271 		return;
2272 	}
2273 
2274 	net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, NET80211_AUTHENTICATED,
2275 			     IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS );
2276 
2277 	return;
2278 }
2279 
2280 /**
2281  * Send 802.11 association frame
2282  *
2283  * @v dev	802.11 device
2284  * @v wlan	WLAN to associate with
2285  * @ret rc	Return status code
2286  */
net80211_send_assoc(struct net80211_device * dev,struct net80211_wlan * wlan)2287 int net80211_send_assoc ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2288 			  struct net80211_wlan *wlan )
2289 {
2290 	struct io_buffer *iob = alloc_iob ( 128 );
2291 	struct ieee80211_assoc_req *assoc;
2292 	union ieee80211_ie *ie;
2293 
2294 	net80211_set_state ( dev, 0, NET80211_WAITING, 0 );
2295 
2296 	iob_reserve ( iob, IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
2297 	assoc = iob->data;
2298 
2299 	assoc->capability = IEEE80211_CAPAB_MANAGED;
2300 	if ( ! ( dev->hw->flags & NET80211_HW_NO_SHORT_PREAMBLE ) )
2301 		assoc->capability |= IEEE80211_CAPAB_SHORT_PMBL;
2302 	if ( ! ( dev->hw->flags & NET80211_HW_NO_SHORT_SLOT ) )
2303 		assoc->capability |= IEEE80211_CAPAB_SHORT_SLOT;
2304 	if ( wlan->crypto )
2305 		assoc->capability |= IEEE80211_CAPAB_PRIVACY;
2306 
2307 	assoc->listen_interval = 1;
2308 
2309 	ie = net80211_marshal_request_info ( dev, assoc->info_element );
2310 
2311 	DBGP ( "802.11 %p about to send association request:\n", dev );
2312 	DBGP_HD ( iob->data, ( void * ) ie - iob->data );
2313 
2314 	iob_put ( iob, ( void * ) ie - iob->data );
2315 
2316 	return net80211_tx_mgmt ( dev, IEEE80211_STYPE_ASSOC_REQ,
2317 				  wlan->bssid, iob );
2318 }
2319 
2320 /**
2321  * Handle receipt of 802.11 association reply frame
2322  *
2323  * @v dev	802.11 device
2324  * @v iob	I/O buffer
2325  */
net80211_handle_assoc_reply(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob)2326 static void net80211_handle_assoc_reply ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2327 					  struct io_buffer *iob )
2328 {
2329 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2330 	struct ieee80211_assoc_resp *assoc =
2331 		( struct ieee80211_assoc_resp * ) hdr->data;
2332 
2333 	net80211_process_capab ( dev, assoc->capability );
2334 	net80211_process_ie ( dev, assoc->info_element, iob->tail );
2335 
2336 	if ( assoc->status != IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS ) {
2337 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p association failed: status %d\n",
2338 		       dev, assoc->status );
2339 		net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, 0,
2340 				     assoc->status );
2341 		return;
2342 	}
2343 
2344 	/* ESSID was filled before the association request was sent */
2345 	memcpy ( dev->bssid, hdr->addr3, ETH_ALEN );
2346 	dev->aid = assoc->aid;
2347 
2348 	net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_WAITING, NET80211_ASSOCIATED,
2349 			     IEEE80211_STATUS_SUCCESS );
2350 }
2351 
2352 
2353 /**
2354  * Send 802.11 disassociation frame
2355  *
2356  * @v dev	802.11 device
2357  * @v reason	Reason for disassociation
2358  * @v deauth	If TRUE, send deauthentication instead of disassociation
2359  * @ret rc	Return status code
2360  */
net80211_send_disassoc(struct net80211_device * dev,int reason,int deauth)2361 static int net80211_send_disassoc ( struct net80211_device *dev, int reason,
2362 				    int deauth )
2363 {
2364 	struct io_buffer *iob = alloc_iob ( 64 );
2365 	struct ieee80211_disassoc *disassoc;
2366 
2367 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) )
2368 		return -EINVAL;
2369 
2370 	net80211_set_state ( dev, NET80211_ASSOCIATED, 0, 0 );
2371 	iob_reserve ( iob, IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN );
2372 	disassoc = iob_put ( iob, sizeof ( *disassoc ) );
2373 	disassoc->reason = reason;
2374 
2375 	return net80211_tx_mgmt ( dev, deauth ? IEEE80211_STYPE_DEAUTH :
2376 				  IEEE80211_STYPE_DISASSOC, dev->bssid, iob );
2377 }
2378 
2379 
2380 /**
2381  * Deauthenticate from current network and try again
2382  *
2383  * @v dev	802.11 device
2384  * @v rc	Return status code indicating reason
2385  *
2386  * The deauthentication will be sent using an 802.11 "unspecified
2387  * reason", as is common, but @a rc will be set as a link-up
2388  * error to aid the user in debugging.
2389  */
net80211_deauthenticate(struct net80211_device * dev,int rc)2390 void net80211_deauthenticate ( struct net80211_device *dev, int rc )
2391 {
2392 	net80211_send_disassoc ( dev, IEEE80211_REASON_UNSPECIFIED, 1 );
2393 	dev->assoc_rc = rc;
2394 	netdev_link_err ( dev->netdev, rc );
2395 
2396 	net80211_autoassociate ( dev );
2397 }
2398 
2399 
2400 /** Smoothing factor (1-7) for link quality calculation */
2401 #define LQ_SMOOTH	7
2402 
2403 /**
2404  * Update link quality information based on received beacon
2405  *
2406  * @v dev	802.11 device
2407  * @v iob	I/O buffer containing beacon
2408  * @ret rc	Return status code
2409  */
net80211_update_link_quality(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob)2410 static void net80211_update_link_quality ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2411 					   struct io_buffer *iob )
2412 {
2413 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2414 	struct ieee80211_beacon *beacon;
2415 	u32 dt, rxi;
2416 
2417 	if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) )
2418 		return;
2419 
2420 	beacon = ( struct ieee80211_beacon * ) hdr->data;
2421 	dt = ( u32 ) ( beacon->timestamp - dev->last_beacon_timestamp );
2422 	rxi = dev->rx_beacon_interval;
2423 
2424 	rxi = ( LQ_SMOOTH * rxi ) + ( ( 8 - LQ_SMOOTH ) * dt );
2425 	dev->rx_beacon_interval = rxi >> 3;
2426 
2427 	dev->last_beacon_timestamp = beacon->timestamp;
2428 }
2429 
2430 
2431 /**
2432  * Handle receipt of 802.11 management frame
2433  *
2434  * @v dev	802.11 device
2435  * @v iob	I/O buffer
2436  * @v signal	Signal strength of received frame
2437  */
net80211_handle_mgmt(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob,int signal)2438 static void net80211_handle_mgmt ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2439 				   struct io_buffer *iob, int signal )
2440 {
2441 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2442 	struct ieee80211_disassoc *disassoc;
2443 	u16 stype = hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_SUBTYPE;
2444 	int keep = 0;
2445 	int is_deauth = ( stype == IEEE80211_STYPE_DEAUTH );
2446 
2447 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_TYPE ) != IEEE80211_TYPE_MGMT ) {
2448 		free_iob ( iob );
2449 		return;		/* only handle management frames */
2450 	}
2451 
2452 	switch ( stype ) {
2453 		/* We reconnect on deauthentication and disassociation. */
2454 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_DEAUTH:
2455 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_DISASSOC:
2456 		disassoc = ( struct ieee80211_disassoc * ) hdr->data;
2457 		net80211_set_state ( dev, is_deauth ? NET80211_AUTHENTICATED :
2458 				     NET80211_ASSOCIATED, 0,
2459 				     NET80211_IS_REASON | disassoc->reason );
2460 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p %s: reason %d\n",
2461 		       dev, is_deauth ? "deauthenticated" : "disassociated",
2462 		       disassoc->reason );
2463 
2464 		/* Try to reassociate, in case it's transient. */
2465 		net80211_autoassociate ( dev );
2466 
2467 		break;
2468 
2469 		/* We handle authentication and association. */
2470 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_AUTH:
2471 		if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_AUTHENTICATED ) )
2472 			net80211_handle_auth ( dev, iob );
2473 		break;
2474 
2475 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_ASSOC_RESP:
2476 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_REASSOC_RESP:
2477 		if ( ! ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) )
2478 			net80211_handle_assoc_reply ( dev, iob );
2479 		break;
2480 
2481 		/* We pass probes and beacons onto network scanning
2482 		   code. Pass actions for future extensibility. */
2483 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_BEACON:
2484 		net80211_update_link_quality ( dev, iob );
2485 		/* fall through */
2486 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_PROBE_RESP:
2487 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_ACTION:
2488 		if ( dev->keep_mgmt ) {
2489 			struct net80211_rx_info *rxinf;
2490 			rxinf = zalloc ( sizeof ( *rxinf ) );
2491 			if ( ! rxinf ) {
2492 				DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p out of memory\n", dev );
2493 				break;
2494 			}
2495 			rxinf->signal = signal;
2496 			list_add_tail ( &iob->list, &dev->mgmt_queue );
2497 			list_add_tail ( &rxinf->list, &dev->mgmt_info_queue );
2498 			keep = 1;
2499 		}
2500 		break;
2501 
2502 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_PROBE_REQ:
2503 		/* Some nodes send these broadcast. Ignore them. */
2504 		break;
2505 
2506 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_ASSOC_REQ:
2507 	case IEEE80211_STYPE_REASSOC_REQ:
2508 		/* We should never receive these, only send them. */
2509 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p received strange management request "
2510 		       "(%04x)\n", dev, stype );
2511 		break;
2512 
2513 	default:
2514 		DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p received unimplemented management "
2515 		       "packet (%04x)\n", dev, stype );
2516 		break;
2517 	}
2518 
2519 	if ( ! keep )
2520 		free_iob ( iob );
2521 }
2522 
2523 /* ---------- Packet handling functions ---------- */
2524 
2525 /**
2526  * Free buffers used by 802.11 fragment cache entry
2527  *
2528  * @v dev	802.11 device
2529  * @v fcid	Fragment cache entry index
2530  *
2531  * After this function, the referenced entry will be marked unused.
2532  */
net80211_free_frags(struct net80211_device * dev,int fcid)2533 static void net80211_free_frags ( struct net80211_device *dev, int fcid )
2534 {
2535 	int j;
2536 	struct net80211_frag_cache *frag = &dev->frags[fcid];
2537 
2538 	for ( j = 0; j < 16; j++ ) {
2539 		if ( frag->iob[j] ) {
2540 			free_iob ( frag->iob[j] );
2541 			frag->iob[j] = NULL;
2542 		}
2543 	}
2544 
2545 	frag->seqnr = 0;
2546 	frag->start_ticks = 0;
2547 	frag->in_use = 0;
2548 }
2549 
2550 /**
2551  * Accumulate 802.11 fragments into one I/O buffer
2552  *
2553  * @v dev	802.11 device
2554  * @v fcid	Fragment cache entry index
2555  * @v nfrags	Number of fragments received
2556  * @v size	Sum of sizes of all fragments, including headers
2557  * @ret iob	I/O buffer containing reassembled packet
2558  *
2559  * This function does not free the fragment buffers.
2560  */
net80211_accum_frags(struct net80211_device * dev,int fcid,int nfrags,int size)2561 static struct io_buffer *net80211_accum_frags ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2562 						int fcid, int nfrags, int size )
2563 {
2564 	struct net80211_frag_cache *frag = &dev->frags[fcid];
2565 	int hdrsize = IEEE80211_TYP_FRAME_HEADER_LEN;
2566 	int nsize = size - hdrsize * ( nfrags - 1 );
2567 	int i;
2568 
2569 	struct io_buffer *niob = alloc_iob ( nsize );
2570 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr;
2571 
2572 	/* Add the header from the first one... */
2573 	memcpy ( iob_put ( niob, hdrsize ), frag->iob[0]->data, hdrsize );
2574 
2575 	/* ... and all the data from all of them. */
2576 	for ( i = 0; i < nfrags; i++ ) {
2577 		int len = iob_len ( frag->iob[i] ) - hdrsize;
2578 		memcpy ( iob_put ( niob, len ),
2579 			 frag->iob[i]->data + hdrsize, len );
2580 	}
2581 
2582 	/* Turn off the fragment bit. */
2583 	hdr = niob->data;
2584 	hdr->fc &= ~IEEE80211_FC_MORE_FRAG;
2585 
2586 	return niob;
2587 }
2588 
2589 /**
2590  * Handle receipt of 802.11 fragment
2591  *
2592  * @v dev	802.11 device
2593  * @v iob	I/O buffer containing fragment
2594  * @v signal	Signal strength with which fragment was received
2595  */
net80211_rx_frag(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob,int signal)2596 static void net80211_rx_frag ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2597 			       struct io_buffer *iob, int signal )
2598 {
2599 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2600 	int fragnr = IEEE80211_FRAG ( hdr->seq );
2601 
2602 	if ( fragnr == 0 && ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_MORE_FRAG ) ) {
2603 		/* start a frag cache entry */
2604 		int i, newest = -1;
2605 		u32 curr_ticks = currticks(), newest_ticks = 0;
2606 		u32 timeout = TICKS_PER_SEC * NET80211_FRAG_TIMEOUT;
2607 
2608 		for ( i = 0; i < NET80211_NR_CONCURRENT_FRAGS; i++ ) {
2609 			if ( dev->frags[i].in_use == 0 )
2610 				break;
2611 
2612 			if ( dev->frags[i].start_ticks + timeout >=
2613 			     curr_ticks ) {
2614 				net80211_free_frags ( dev, i );
2615 				break;
2616 			}
2617 
2618 			if ( dev->frags[i].start_ticks > newest_ticks ) {
2619 				newest = i;
2620 				newest_ticks = dev->frags[i].start_ticks;
2621 			}
2622 		}
2623 
2624 		/* If we're being sent more concurrent fragmented
2625 		   packets than we can handle, drop the newest so the
2626 		   older ones have time to complete. */
2627 		if ( i == NET80211_NR_CONCURRENT_FRAGS ) {
2628 			i = newest;
2629 			net80211_free_frags ( dev, i );
2630 		}
2631 
2632 		dev->frags[i].in_use = 1;
2633 		dev->frags[i].seqnr = IEEE80211_SEQNR ( hdr->seq );
2634 		dev->frags[i].start_ticks = currticks();
2635 		dev->frags[i].iob[0] = iob;
2636 		return;
2637 	} else {
2638 		int i;
2639 		for ( i = 0; i < NET80211_NR_CONCURRENT_FRAGS; i++ ) {
2640 			if ( dev->frags[i].in_use && dev->frags[i].seqnr ==
2641 			     IEEE80211_SEQNR ( hdr->seq ) )
2642 				break;
2643 		}
2644 		if ( i == NET80211_NR_CONCURRENT_FRAGS ) {
2645 			/* Drop non-first not-in-cache fragments */
2646 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p dropped fragment fc=%04x "
2647 			       "seq=%04x\n", dev, hdr->fc, hdr->seq );
2648 			free_iob ( iob );
2649 			return;
2650 		}
2651 
2652 		dev->frags[i].iob[fragnr] = iob;
2653 
2654 		if ( ! ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_MORE_FRAG ) ) {
2655 			int j, size = 0;
2656 			for ( j = 0; j < fragnr; j++ ) {
2657 				size += iob_len ( dev->frags[i].iob[j] );
2658 				if ( dev->frags[i].iob[j] == NULL )
2659 					break;
2660 			}
2661 			if ( j == fragnr ) {
2662 				/* We've got everything */
2663 				struct io_buffer *niob =
2664 				    net80211_accum_frags ( dev, i, fragnr,
2665 							   size );
2666 				net80211_free_frags ( dev, i );
2667 				net80211_rx ( dev, niob, signal, 0 );
2668 			} else {
2669 				DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p dropping fragmented "
2670 				       "packet due to out-of-order arrival, "
2671 				       "fc=%04x seq=%04x\n", dev, hdr->fc,
2672 				       hdr->seq );
2673 				net80211_free_frags ( dev, i );
2674 			}
2675 		}
2676 	}
2677 }
2678 
2679 /**
2680  * Handle receipt of 802.11 frame
2681  *
2682  * @v dev	802.11 device
2683  * @v iob	I/O buffer
2684  * @v signal	Received signal strength
2685  * @v rate	Bitrate at which frame was received, in 100 kbps units
2686  *
2687  * If the rate or signal is unknown, 0 should be passed.
2688  */
net80211_rx(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob,int signal,u16 rate)2689 void net80211_rx ( struct net80211_device *dev, struct io_buffer *iob,
2690 		   int signal, u16 rate )
2691 {
2692 	struct ieee80211_frame *hdr = iob->data;
2693 	u16 type = hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_TYPE;
2694 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_VERSION ) != IEEE80211_THIS_VERSION )
2695 		goto drop;	/* drop invalid-version packets */
2696 
2697 	if ( type == IEEE80211_TYPE_CTRL )
2698 		goto drop;	/* we don't handle control packets,
2699 				   the hardware does */
2700 
2701 	if ( dev->last_rx_seq == hdr->seq )
2702 		goto drop;	/* avoid duplicate packet */
2703 	dev->last_rx_seq = hdr->seq;
2704 
2705 	if ( dev->hw->flags & NET80211_HW_RX_HAS_FCS ) {
2706 		/* discard the FCS */
2707 		iob_unput ( iob, 4 );
2708 	}
2709 
2710 	/* Only decrypt packets from our BSSID, to avoid spurious errors */
2711 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_PROTECTED ) &&
2712 	     ! memcmp ( hdr->addr2, dev->bssid, ETH_ALEN ) ) {
2713 		/* Decrypt packet; record and drop if it fails */
2714 		struct io_buffer *niob;
2715 		struct net80211_crypto *crypto = dev->crypto;
2716 
2717 		if ( ! dev->crypto ) {
2718 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p cannot decrypt packet "
2719 			       "without a cryptosystem\n", dev );
2720 			goto drop_crypt;
2721 		}
2722 
2723 		if ( ( hdr->addr1[0] & 1 ) && dev->gcrypto ) {
2724 			/* Use group decryption if needed */
2725 			crypto = dev->gcrypto;
2726 		}
2727 
2728 		niob = crypto->decrypt ( crypto, iob );
2729 		if ( ! niob ) {
2730 			DBGC ( dev, "802.11 %p decryption error\n", dev );
2731 			goto drop_crypt;
2732 		}
2733 		free_iob ( iob );
2734 		iob = niob;
2735 		hdr = iob->data;
2736 	}
2737 
2738 	dev->last_signal = signal;
2739 
2740 	/* Fragments go into the frag cache or get dropped. */
2741 	if ( IEEE80211_FRAG ( hdr->seq ) != 0
2742 	     || ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_MORE_FRAG ) ) {
2743 		net80211_rx_frag ( dev, iob, signal );
2744 		return;
2745 	}
2746 
2747 	/* Management frames get handled, enqueued, or dropped. */
2748 	if ( type == IEEE80211_TYPE_MGMT ) {
2749 		net80211_handle_mgmt ( dev, iob, signal );
2750 		return;
2751 	}
2752 
2753 	/* Data frames get dropped or sent to the net_device. */
2754 	if ( ( hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_SUBTYPE ) != IEEE80211_STYPE_DATA )
2755 		goto drop;	/* drop QoS, CFP, or null data packets */
2756 
2757 	/* Update rate-control algorithm */
2758 	if ( dev->rctl )
2759 		rc80211_update_rx ( dev, hdr->fc & IEEE80211_FC_RETRY, rate );
2760 
2761 	/* Pass packet onward */
2762 	if ( dev->state & NET80211_ASSOCIATED ) {
2763 		netdev_rx ( dev->netdev, iob );
2764 		return;
2765 	}
2766 
2767 	/* No association? Drop it. */
2768 	goto drop;
2769 
2770  drop_crypt:
2771 	netdev_rx_err ( dev->netdev, NULL, EINVAL_CRYPTO_REQUEST );
2772  drop:
2773 	DBGC2 ( dev, "802.11 %p dropped packet fc=%04x seq=%04x\n", dev,
2774 		hdr->fc, hdr->seq );
2775 	free_iob ( iob );
2776 	return;
2777 }
2778 
2779 /** Indicate an error in receiving a packet
2780  *
2781  * @v dev	802.11 device
2782  * @v iob	I/O buffer with received packet, or NULL
2783  * @v rc	Error code
2784  *
2785  * This logs the error with the wrapping net_device, and frees iob if
2786  * it is passed.
2787  */
net80211_rx_err(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob,int rc)2788 void net80211_rx_err ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2789 		       struct io_buffer *iob, int rc )
2790 {
2791 	netdev_rx_err ( dev->netdev, iob, rc );
2792 }
2793 
2794 /** Indicate the completed transmission of a packet
2795  *
2796  * @v dev	802.11 device
2797  * @v iob	I/O buffer of transmitted packet
2798  * @v retries	Number of times this packet was retransmitted
2799  * @v rc	Error code, or 0 for success
2800  *
2801  * This logs an error with the wrapping net_device if one occurred,
2802  * and removes and frees the I/O buffer from its TX queue. The
2803  * provided retry information is used to tune our transmission rate.
2804  *
2805  * If the packet did not need to be retransmitted because it was
2806  * properly ACKed the first time, @a retries should be 0.
2807  */
net80211_tx_complete(struct net80211_device * dev,struct io_buffer * iob,int retries,int rc)2808 void net80211_tx_complete ( struct net80211_device *dev,
2809 			    struct io_buffer *iob, int retries, int rc )
2810 {
2811 	/* Update rate-control algorithm */
2812 	if ( dev->rctl )
2813 		rc80211_update_tx ( dev, retries, rc );
2814 
2815 	/* Pass completion onward */
2816 	netdev_tx_complete_err ( dev->netdev, iob, rc );
2817 }
2818 
2819 /** Common 802.11 errors */
2820 struct errortab common_wireless_errors[] __errortab = {
2821 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_EINVAL_CRYPTO_REQUEST ),
2822 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNRESET_UNSPECIFIED ),
2823 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNRESET_INACTIVITY ),
2824 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNRESET_4WAY_TIMEOUT ),
2825 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNRESET_8021X_FAILURE ),
2826 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNREFUSED_FAILURE ),
2827 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNREFUSED_ASSOC_DENIED ),
2828 	__einfo_errortab ( EINFO_ECONNREFUSED_AUTH_ALGO_UNSUPP ),
2829 };
2830 
2831 /* Drag in objects via net80211_ll_protocol */
2832 REQUIRING_SYMBOL ( net80211_ll_protocol );
2833 
2834 /* Drag in 802.11 configuration */
2835 REQUIRE_OBJECT ( config_net80211 );
2836