compiler/nir/nir_liveness.c

/*
 * Copyright © 2014 Intel Corporation
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
 * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
 * Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 * IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Authors:
 *    Jason Ekstrand (jason@jlekstrand.net)
 */

#include "nir.h"
#include "nir_worklist.h"
#include "nir_vla.h"

/*
 * Basic liveness analysis.  This works only in SSA form.
 *
 * This liveness pass treats phi nodes as being melded to the space between
 * blocks so that the destinations of a phi are in the livein of the block
 * in which it resides and the sources are in the liveout of the
 * corresponding block.  By formulating the liveness information in this
 * way, we ensure that the definition of any variable dominates its entire
 * live range.  This is true because the only way that the definition of an
 * SSA value may not dominate a use is if the use is in a phi node and the
 * uses in phi no are in the live-out of the corresponding predecessor
 * block but not in the live-in of the block containing the phi node.
 */

struct live_ssa_defs_state {
   unsigned bitset_words;

   /* Used in propagate_across_edge() */
   BITSET_WORD *tmp_live;

   nir_block_worklist worklist;
};

/* Initialize the liveness data to zero and add the given block to the
 * worklist.
 */
static void
init_liveness_block(nir_block *block,
                    struct live_ssa_defs_state *state)
{
   block->live_in = reralloc(block, block->live_in, BITSET_WORD,
                             state->bitset_words);
   memset(block->live_in, 0, state->bitset_words * sizeof(BITSET_WORD));

   block->live_out = reralloc(block, block->live_out, BITSET_WORD,
                              state->bitset_words);
   memset(block->live_out, 0, state->bitset_words * sizeof(BITSET_WORD));

   nir_block_worklist_push_head(&state->worklist, block);
}

static bool
set_src_live(nir_src *src, void *void_live)
{
   BITSET_WORD *live = void_live;

   if (!src->is_ssa)
      return true;

   if (nir_src_is_undef(*src))
      return true;   /* undefined variables are never live */

   BITSET_SET(live, src->ssa->index);

   return true;
}

static bool
set_ssa_def_dead(nir_ssa_def *def, void *void_live)
{
   BITSET_WORD *live = void_live;

   BITSET_CLEAR(live, def->index);

   return true;
}

/** Propagates the live in of succ across the edge to the live out of pred
 *
 * Phi nodes exist "between" blocks and all the phi nodes at the start of a
 * block act "in parallel".  When we propagate from the live_in of one
 * block to the live out of the other, we have to kill any writes from phis
 * and make live any sources.
 *
 * Returns true if updating live out of pred added anything
 */
static bool
propagate_across_edge(nir_block *pred, nir_block *succ,
                      struct live_ssa_defs_state *state)
{
   BITSET_WORD *live = state->tmp_live;
   memcpy(live, succ->live_in, state->bitset_words * sizeof *live);

   nir_foreach_instr(instr, succ) {
      if (instr->type != nir_instr_type_phi)
         break;
      nir_phi_instr *phi = nir_instr_as_phi(instr);

      assert(phi->dest.is_ssa);
      set_ssa_def_dead(&phi->dest.ssa, live);
   }

   nir_foreach_instr(instr, succ) {
      if (instr->type != nir_instr_type_phi)
         break;
      nir_phi_instr *phi = nir_instr_as_phi(instr);

      nir_foreach_phi_src(src, phi) {
         if (src->pred == pred) {
            set_src_live(&src->src, live);
            break;
         }
      }
   }

   BITSET_WORD progress = 0;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < state->bitset_words; ++i) {
      progress |= live[i] & ~pred->live_out[i];
      pred->live_out[i] |= live[i];
   }
   return progress != 0;
}

void
nir_live_ssa_defs_impl(nir_function_impl *impl)
{
   struct live_ssa_defs_state state = {
      .bitset_words = BITSET_WORDS(impl->ssa_alloc),
   };
   state.tmp_live = rzalloc_array(impl, BITSET_WORD, state.bitset_words),

   /* Number the instructions so we can do cheap interference tests using the
    * instruction index.
    */
   nir_metadata_require(impl, nir_metadata_instr_index);

   nir_block_worklist_init(&state.worklist, impl->num_blocks, NULL);

   /* Allocate live_in and live_out sets and add all of the blocks to the
    * worklist.
    */
   nir_foreach_block(block, impl) {
      init_liveness_block(block, &state);
   }


   /* We're now ready to work through the worklist and update the liveness
    * sets of each of the blocks.  By the time we get to this point, every
    * block in the function implementation has been pushed onto the
    * worklist in reverse order.  As long as we keep the worklist
    * up-to-date as we go, everything will get covered.
    */
   while (!nir_block_worklist_is_empty(&state.worklist)) {
      /* We pop them off in the reverse order we pushed them on.  This way
       * the first walk of the instructions is backwards so we only walk
       * once in the case of no control flow.
       */
      nir_block *block = nir_block_worklist_pop_head(&state.worklist);

      memcpy(block->live_in, block->live_out,
             state.bitset_words * sizeof(BITSET_WORD));

      nir_if *following_if = nir_block_get_following_if(block);
      if (following_if)
         set_src_live(&following_if->condition, block->live_in);

      nir_foreach_instr_reverse(instr, block) {
         /* Phi nodes are handled seperately so we want to skip them.  Since
          * we are going backwards and they are at the beginning, we can just
          * break as soon as we see one.
          */
         if (instr->type == nir_instr_type_phi)
            break;

         nir_foreach_ssa_def(instr, set_ssa_def_dead, block->live_in);
         nir_foreach_src(instr, set_src_live, block->live_in);
      }

      /* Walk over all of the predecessors of the current block updating
       * their live in with the live out of this one.  If anything has
       * changed, add the predecessor to the work list so that we ensure
       * that the new information is used.
       */
      set_foreach(block->predecessors, entry) {
         nir_block *pred = (nir_block *)entry->key;
         if (propagate_across_edge(pred, block, &state))
            nir_block_worklist_push_tail(&state.worklist, pred);
      }
   }

   ralloc_free(state.tmp_live);
   nir_block_worklist_fini(&state.worklist);
}

/** Return the live set at a cursor
 *
 * Note: The bitset returned may be the live_in or live_out from the block in
 *       which the instruction lives.  Do not ralloc_free() it directly;
 *       instead, provide a mem_ctx and free that.
 */
const BITSET_WORD *
nir_get_live_ssa_defs(nir_cursor cursor, void *mem_ctx)
{
   nir_block *block = nir_cursor_current_block(cursor);
   nir_function_impl *impl = nir_cf_node_get_function(&block->cf_node);
   assert(impl->valid_metadata & nir_metadata_live_ssa_defs);

   switch (cursor.option) {
   case nir_cursor_before_block:
      return cursor.block->live_in;

   case nir_cursor_after_block:
      return cursor.block->live_out;

   case nir_cursor_before_instr:
      if (cursor.instr == nir_block_first_instr(cursor.instr->block))
         return cursor.instr->block->live_in;
      break;

   case nir_cursor_after_instr:
      if (cursor.instr == nir_block_last_instr(cursor.instr->block))
         return cursor.instr->block->live_out;
      break;
   }

   /* If we got here, we're an instruction cursor mid-block */
   const unsigned bitset_words = BITSET_WORDS(impl->ssa_alloc);
   BITSET_WORD *live = ralloc_array(mem_ctx, BITSET_WORD, bitset_words);
   memcpy(live, block->live_out, bitset_words * sizeof(BITSET_WORD));

   nir_foreach_instr_reverse(instr, block) {
      if (cursor.option == nir_cursor_after_instr && instr == cursor.instr)
         break;

      /* If someone asked for liveness in the middle of a bunch of phis,
       * that's an error.  Since we are going backwards and they are at the
       * beginning, we can just blow up as soon as we see one.
       */
      assert(instr->type != nir_instr_type_phi);
      if (instr->type == nir_instr_type_phi)
         break;

      nir_foreach_ssa_def(instr, set_ssa_def_dead, live);
      nir_foreach_src(instr, set_src_live, live);

      if (cursor.option == nir_cursor_before_instr && instr == cursor.instr)
         break;
   }

   return live;
}

static bool
src_does_not_use_def(nir_src *src, void *def)
{
   return !src->is_ssa || src->ssa != (nir_ssa_def *)def;
}

static bool
search_for_use_after_instr(nir_instr *start, nir_ssa_def *def)
{
   /* Only look for a use strictly after the given instruction */
   struct exec_node *node = start->node.next;
   while (!exec_node_is_tail_sentinel(node)) {
      nir_instr *instr = exec_node_data(nir_instr, node, node);
      if (!nir_foreach_src(instr, src_does_not_use_def, def))
         return true;
      node = node->next;
   }

   /* If uses are considered to be in the block immediately preceding the if
    * so we need to also check the following if condition, if any.
    */
   nir_if *following_if = nir_block_get_following_if(start->block);
   if (following_if && following_if->condition.is_ssa &&
       following_if->condition.ssa == def)
      return true;

   return false;
}

/* Returns true if def is live at instr assuming that def comes before
 * instr in a pre DFS search of the dominance tree.
 */
static bool
nir_ssa_def_is_live_at(nir_ssa_def *def, nir_instr *instr)
{
   if (BITSET_TEST(instr->block->live_out, def->index)) {
      /* Since def dominates instr, if def is in the liveout of the block,
       * it's live at instr
       */
      return true;
   } else {
      if (BITSET_TEST(instr->block->live_in, def->index) ||
          def->parent_instr->block == instr->block) {
         /* In this case it is either live coming into instr's block or it
          * is defined in the same block.  In this case, we simply need to
          * see if it is used after instr.
          */
         return search_for_use_after_instr(instr, def);
      } else {
         return false;
      }
   }
}

bool
nir_ssa_defs_interfere(nir_ssa_def *a, nir_ssa_def *b)
{
   if (a->parent_instr == b->parent_instr) {
      /* Two variables defined at the same time interfere assuming at
       * least one isn't dead.
       */
      return true;
   } else if (a->parent_instr->type == nir_instr_type_ssa_undef ||
              b->parent_instr->type == nir_instr_type_ssa_undef) {
      /* If either variable is an ssa_undef, then there's no interference */
      return false;
   } else if (a->parent_instr->index < b->parent_instr->index) {
      return nir_ssa_def_is_live_at(a, b->parent_instr);
   } else {
      return nir_ssa_def_is_live_at(b, a->parent_instr);
   }
}

/* Takes an SSA def's defs and uses and expands the live interval to cover
 * that range.  Control flow effects are handled separately.
 */
static bool def_cb(nir_ssa_def *def, void *state)
{
   nir_instr_liveness *liveness = state;
   nir_instr *instr = def->parent_instr;
   int index = def->index;

   liveness->defs[index].start = MIN2(liveness->defs[index].start, instr->index);

   nir_foreach_use(src, def) {
      liveness->defs[index].end = MAX2(liveness->defs[index].end,
                                       src->parent_instr->index);
   }

   return true;
}

nir_instr_liveness *
nir_live_ssa_defs_per_instr(nir_function_impl *impl)
{
   /* We'll use block-level live_ssa_defs to expand our per-instr ranges for
    * control flow.
    */
   nir_metadata_require(impl,
                        nir_metadata_block_index |
                        nir_metadata_instr_index |
                        nir_metadata_live_ssa_defs);

   /* Make our struct. */
   nir_instr_liveness *liveness = ralloc(NULL, nir_instr_liveness);
   liveness->defs = rzalloc_array(liveness, nir_liveness_bounds,
                                  impl->ssa_alloc);

   /* Set our starts so we can use MIN2() as we accumulate bounds. */
   for (int i = 0; i < impl->ssa_alloc; i++)
      liveness->defs->start = ~0;

   nir_foreach_block(block, impl) {
      unsigned index;
      BITSET_FOREACH_SET(index, block->live_in, impl->ssa_alloc) {
         liveness->defs[index].start = MIN2(liveness->defs[index].start,
                                            block->start_ip);
      }

      nir_foreach_instr(instr, block) {
         nir_foreach_ssa_def(instr, def_cb, liveness);
      };

      /* track an if src's use.  We need to make sure that our value is live
       * across the if reference, where we don't have an instr->index
       * representing the use.  Mark it as live through the end of the block.
       */
      nir_if *nif = nir_block_get_following_if(block);
      if (nif) {
         if (nif->condition.is_ssa) {
            liveness->defs[nif->condition.ssa->index].end = MAX2(
               liveness->defs[nif->condition.ssa->index].end, block->end_ip);
         }
      }

      BITSET_FOREACH_SET(index, block->live_out, impl->ssa_alloc) {
         liveness->defs[index].end = MAX2(liveness->defs[index].end,
                                          block->end_ip);
      }
   }

   return liveness;
}