1 /*    handy.h
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000,
4  *    2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2012 by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 /* IMPORTANT NOTE: Everything whose name begins with an underscore is for
12  * internal core Perl use only. */
13 
14 #ifndef PERL_HANDY_H_ /* Guard against nested #inclusion */
15 #define PERL_HANDY_H_
16 
17 #ifndef PERL_CORE
18 #  define Null(type) ((type)NULL)
19 
20 /*
21 =for apidoc_section $string
22 =for apidoc AmnU||Nullch
23 Null character pointer.  (No longer available when C<PERL_CORE> is
24 defined.)
25 
26 =for apidoc_section $SV
27 =for apidoc AmnU||Nullsv
28 Null SV pointer.  (No longer available when C<PERL_CORE> is defined.)
29 
30 =cut
31 
32 Below are signatures of functions from config.h which can't easily be gleaned
33 from it, and are very unlikely to change
34 
35 =for apidoc_section $signals
36 =for apidoc Am|int|Sigsetjmp|jmp_buf env|int savesigs
37 =for apidoc Am|void|Siglongjmp|jmp_buf env|int val
38 
39 =for apidoc_section $filesystem
40 =for apidoc Am|void *|FILE_ptr|FILE * f
41 =for apidoc Am|Size_t|FILE_cnt|FILE * f
42 =for apidoc Am|void *|FILE_base|FILE * f
43 =for apidoc Am|Size_t|FILE_bufsiz|FILE *f
44 
45 =for apidoc_section $string
46 =for apidoc Amu|token|CAT2|token x|token y
47 =for apidoc Amu|string|STRINGIFY|token x
48 
49 =for apidoc_section $numeric
50 =for apidoc Am|double|Drand01
51 =for apidoc Am|void|seedDrand01|Rand_seed_t x
52 =for apidoc Am|char *|Gconvert|double x|Size_t n|bool t|char * b
53 
54 =cut
55 */
56 
57 #  define Nullch Null(char*)
58 #  define Nullfp Null(PerlIO*)
59 #  define Nullsv Null(SV*)
60 #endif
61 
62 #ifdef TRUE
63 #undef TRUE
64 #endif
65 #ifdef FALSE
66 #undef FALSE
67 #endif
68 #define TRUE (1)
69 #define FALSE (0)
70 
71 /*
72 =for apidoc_section $SV
73 =for apidoc Am|void *|MUTABLE_PTR|void * p
74 =for apidoc_item |AV *|MUTABLE_AV|AV * p
75 =for apidoc_item |CV *|MUTABLE_CV|CV * p
76 =for apidoc_item |GV *|MUTABLE_GV|GV * p
77 =for apidoc_item |HV *|MUTABLE_HV|HV * p
78 =for apidoc_item |IO *|MUTABLE_IO|IO * p
79 =for apidoc_item |SV *|MUTABLE_SV|SV * p
80 
81 The C<MUTABLE_I<*>>() macros cast pointers to the types shown, in such a way
82 (compiler permitting) that casting away const-ness will give a warning;
83 e.g.:
84 
85  const SV *sv = ...;
86  AV *av1 = (AV*)sv;        <== BAD:  the const has been silently
87                                      cast away
88  AV *av2 = MUTABLE_AV(sv); <== GOOD: it may warn
89 
90 C<MUTABLE_PTR> is the base macro used to derive new casts.  The other
91 already-built-in ones return pointers to what their names indicate.
92 
93 =cut
94  */
95 
96 #if defined(PERL_USE_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS)
97 #  define MUTABLE_PTR(p) ({ void *p_ = (p); p_; })
98 #else
99 #  define MUTABLE_PTR(p) ((void *) (p))
100 #endif
101 
102 #define MUTABLE_AV(p)	((AV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
103 #define MUTABLE_CV(p)	((CV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
104 #define MUTABLE_GV(p)	((GV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
105 #define MUTABLE_HV(p)	((HV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
106 #define MUTABLE_IO(p)	((IO *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
107 #define MUTABLE_SV(p)	((SV *)MUTABLE_PTR(p))
108 
109 #if defined(I_STDBOOL) && !defined(PERL_BOOL_AS_CHAR)
110 #  include <stdbool.h>
111 #  ifndef HAS_BOOL
112 #    define HAS_BOOL 1
113 #  endif
114 #endif
115 
116 /* bool is built-in for g++-2.6.3 and later, which might be used
117    for extensions.  <_G_config.h> defines _G_HAVE_BOOL, but we can't
118    be sure _G_config.h will be included before this file.  _G_config.h
119    also defines _G_HAVE_BOOL for both gcc and g++, but only g++
120    actually has bool.  Hence, _G_HAVE_BOOL is pretty useless for us.
121    g++ can be identified by __GNUG__.
122    Andy Dougherty	February 2000
123 */
124 #ifdef __GNUG__		/* GNU g++ has bool built-in */
125 # ifndef PERL_BOOL_AS_CHAR
126 #  ifndef HAS_BOOL
127 #    define HAS_BOOL 1
128 #  endif
129 # endif
130 #endif
131 
132 #ifndef HAS_BOOL
133 # ifdef bool
134 #  undef bool
135 # endif
136 # define bool char
137 # define HAS_BOOL 1
138 #endif
139 
140 /*
141 =for apidoc_section $casting
142 =for apidoc Am|bool|cBOOL|bool expr
143 
144 Cast-to-bool.  A simple S<C<(bool) I<expr>>> cast may not do the right thing:
145 if C<bool> is defined as C<char>, for example, then the cast from C<int> is
146 implementation-defined.
147 
148 C<(bool)!!(cbool)> in a ternary triggers a bug in xlc on AIX
149 
150 =cut
151 */
152 #define cBOOL(cbool) ((cbool) ? (bool)1 : (bool)0)
153 
154 /* Try to figure out __func__ or __FUNCTION__ equivalent, if any.
155  * XXX Should really be a Configure probe, with HAS__FUNCTION__
156  *     and FUNCTION__ as results.
157  * XXX Similarly, a Configure probe for __FILE__ and __LINE__ is needed. */
158 #if (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) || (defined(__SUNPRO_C)) /* C99 or close enough. */
159 #  define FUNCTION__ __func__
160 #elif (defined(__DECC_VER)) /* Tru64 or VMS, and strict C89 being used, but not modern enough cc (in Tur64, -c99 not known, only -std1). */
161 #  define FUNCTION__ ""
162 #else
163 #  define FUNCTION__ __FUNCTION__ /* Common extension. */
164 #endif
165 
166 /* XXX A note on the perl source internal type system.  The
167    original intent was that I32 be *exactly* 32 bits.
168 
169    Currently, we only guarantee that I32 is *at least* 32 bits.
170    Specifically, if int is 64 bits, then so is I32.  (This is the case
171    for the Cray.)  This has the advantage of meshing nicely with
172    standard library calls (where we pass an I32 and the library is
173    expecting an int), but the disadvantage that an I32 is not 32 bits.
174    Andy Dougherty	August 1996
175 
176    There is no guarantee that there is *any* integral type with
177    exactly 32 bits.  It is perfectly legal for a system to have
178    sizeof(short) == sizeof(int) == sizeof(long) == 8.
179 
180    Similarly, there is no guarantee that I16 and U16 have exactly 16
181    bits.
182 
183    For dealing with issues that may arise from various 32/64-bit
184    systems, we will ask Configure to check out
185 
186         SHORTSIZE == sizeof(short)
187         INTSIZE == sizeof(int)
188         LONGSIZE == sizeof(long)
189         LONGLONGSIZE == sizeof(long long) (if HAS_LONG_LONG)
190         PTRSIZE == sizeof(void *)
191         DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(double)
192         LONG_DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(long double) (if HAS_LONG_DOUBLE).
193 
194 */
195 
196 #ifdef I_INTTYPES /* e.g. Linux has int64_t without <inttypes.h> */
197 #   include <inttypes.h>
198 #   ifdef INT32_MIN_BROKEN
199 #       undef  INT32_MIN
200 #       define INT32_MIN (-2147483647-1)
201 #   endif
202 #   ifdef INT64_MIN_BROKEN
203 #       undef  INT64_MIN
204 #       define INT64_MIN (-9223372036854775807LL-1)
205 #   endif
206 #endif
207 
208 typedef I8TYPE I8;
209 typedef U8TYPE U8;
210 typedef I16TYPE I16;
211 typedef U16TYPE U16;
212 typedef I32TYPE I32;
213 typedef U32TYPE U32;
214 
215 #ifdef QUADKIND
216 typedef I64TYPE I64;
217 typedef U64TYPE U64;
218 #endif
219 
220 /* I8_MAX and I8_MIN constants are not defined, as I8 is an ambiguous type.
221    Please search CHAR_MAX in perl.h for further details. */
222 #ifdef UINT8_MAX
223 #  define U8_MAX UINT8_MAX
224 #else
225 #  define U8_MAX PERL_UCHAR_MAX
226 #endif
227 #ifdef UINT8_MIN
228 #  define U8_MIN UINT8_MIN
229 #else
230 #  define U8_MIN PERL_UCHAR_MIN
231 #endif
232 
233 #ifdef INT16_MAX
234 #  define I16_MAX INT16_MAX
235 #else
236 #  define I16_MAX PERL_SHORT_MAX
237 #endif
238 #ifdef INT16_MIN
239 #  define I16_MIN INT16_MIN
240 #else
241 #  define I16_MIN PERL_SHORT_MIN
242 #endif
243 #ifdef UINT16_MAX
244 #  define U16_MAX UINT16_MAX
245 #else
246 #  define U16_MAX PERL_USHORT_MAX
247 #endif
248 #ifdef UINT16_MIN
249 #  define U16_MIN UINT16_MIN
250 #else
251 #  define U16_MIN PERL_USHORT_MIN
252 #endif
253 
254 #ifdef INT32_MAX
255 #  define I32_MAX INT32_MAX
256 #elif LONGSIZE > 4
257 #  define I32_MAX PERL_INT_MAX
258 #else
259 #  define I32_MAX PERL_LONG_MAX
260 #endif
261 #ifdef INT32_MIN
262 #  define I32_MIN INT32_MIN
263 #elif LONGSIZE > 4
264 #  define I32_MIN PERL_INT_MIN
265 #else
266 #  define I32_MIN PERL_LONG_MIN
267 #endif
268 #ifdef UINT32_MAX
269 #  ifndef UINT32_MAX_BROKEN /* e.g. HP-UX with gcc messes this up */
270 #    define U32_MAX UINT_MAX
271 #  else
272 #    define U32_MAX 4294967295U
273 #  endif
274 #elif LONGSIZE > 4
275 #  define U32_MAX PERL_UINT_MAX
276 #else
277 #  define U32_MAX PERL_ULONG_MAX
278 #endif
279 #ifdef UINT32_MIN
280 #  define U32_MIN UINT32_MIN
281 #elif LONGSIZE > 4
282 #  define U32_MIN PERL_UINT_MIN
283 #else
284 #  define U32_MIN PERL_ULONG_MIN
285 #endif
286 
287 /*
288 =for apidoc_section $integer
289 =for apidoc Ay|| PERL_INT_FAST8_T
290 =for apidoc_item PERL_INT_FAST16_T
291 =for apidoc_item PERL_UINT_FAST8_T
292 =for apidoc_item PERL_UINT_FAST16_T
293 
294 These are equivalent to the correspondingly-named C99 typedefs on platforms
295 that have those; they evaluate to C<int> and C<unsigned int> on platforms that
296 don't, so that you can portably take advantage of this C99 feature.
297 
298 =cut
299 */
300 #  ifdef I_STDINT
301     typedef  int_fast8_t  PERL_INT_FAST8_T;
302     typedef uint_fast8_t  PERL_UINT_FAST8_T;
303     typedef  int_fast16_t PERL_INT_FAST16_T;
304     typedef uint_fast16_t PERL_UINT_FAST16_T;
305 #  else
306     typedef int           PERL_INT_FAST8_T;
307     typedef unsigned int  PERL_UINT_FAST8_T;
308     typedef int           PERL_INT_FAST16_T;
309     typedef unsigned int  PERL_UINT_FAST16_T;
310 #  endif
311 
312 /* log(2) (i.e., log base 10 of 2) is pretty close to 0.30103, just in case
313  * anyone is grepping for it.  So BIT_DIGITS gives the number of decimal digits
314  * required to represent any possible unsigned number containing N bits.
315  * TYPE_DIGITS gives the number of decimal digits required to represent any
316  * possible unsigned number of type T. */
317 #define BIT_DIGITS(N)   (((N)*146)/485 + 1)  /* log10(2) =~ 146/485 */
318 #define TYPE_DIGITS(T)  BIT_DIGITS(sizeof(T) * 8)
319 #define TYPE_CHARS(T)   (TYPE_DIGITS(T) + 2) /* sign, NUL */
320 
321 /* Unused by core; should be deprecated */
322 #define Ctl(ch) ((ch) & 037)
323 
324 #if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
325 #  ifndef MIN
326 #    define MIN(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
327 #  endif
328 #  ifndef MAX
329 #    define MAX(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
330 #  endif
331 #endif
332 
333 /* Returns a boolean as to whether the input unsigned number is a power of 2
334  * (2**0, 2**1, etc).  In other words if it has just a single bit set.
335  * If not, subtracting 1 would leave the uppermost bit set, so the & would
336  * yield non-zero */
337 #if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
338 #  define isPOWER_OF_2(n) ((n) && ((n) & ((n)-1)) == 0)
339 #endif
340 
341 /* Returns a mask with the lowest n bits set */
342 #define nBIT_MASK(n) ((UINTMAX_C(1) << (n)) - 1)
343 
344 /* The largest unsigned number that will fit into n bits */
345 #define nBIT_UMAX(n)  nBIT_MASK(n)
346 
347 /*
348 =for apidoc_section $directives
349 =for apidoc Am||__ASSERT_|bool expr
350 
351 This is a helper macro to avoid preprocessor issues, replaced by nothing
352 unless under DEBUGGING, where it expands to an assert of its argument,
353 followed by a comma (hence the comma operator).  If we just used a straight
354 assert(), we would get a comma with nothing before it when not DEBUGGING.
355 
356 =cut
357 
358 We also use empty definition under Coverity since the __ASSERT_
359 checks often check for things that Really Cannot Happen, and Coverity
360 detects that and gets all excited. */
361 
362 #if   defined(DEBUGGING) && !defined(__COVERITY__)                        \
363  && ! defined(PERL_SMALL_MACRO_BUFFER)
364 #   define __ASSERT_(statement)  assert(statement),
365 #else
366 #   define __ASSERT_(statement)
367 #endif
368 
369 /*
370 =for apidoc_section $SV
371 
372 =for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs|"literal string"
373 Like C<newSVpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
374 string/length pair.
375 
376 =for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs_flags|"literal string"|U32 flags
377 Like C<newSVpvn_flags>, but takes a literal string instead of
378 a string/length pair.
379 
380 =for apidoc Ama|SV*|newSVpvs_share|"literal string"
381 Like C<newSVpvn_share>, but takes a literal string instead of
382 a string/length pair and omits the hash parameter.
383 
384 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_flags|SV* sv|"literal string"|I32 flags
385 Like C<sv_catpvn_flags>, but takes a literal string instead
386 of a string/length pair.
387 
388 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_nomg|SV* sv|"literal string"
389 Like C<sv_catpvn_nomg>, but takes a literal string instead of
390 a string/length pair.
391 
392 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs|SV* sv|"literal string"
393 Like C<sv_catpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
394 string/length pair.
395 
396 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvs_mg|SV* sv|"literal string"
397 Like C<sv_catpvn_mg>, but takes a literal string instead of a
398 string/length pair.
399 
400 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_setpvs|SV* sv|"literal string"
401 Like C<sv_setpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
402 string/length pair.
403 
404 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_setpvs_mg|SV* sv|"literal string"
405 Like C<sv_setpvn_mg>, but takes a literal string instead of a
406 string/length pair.
407 
408 =for apidoc Am|SV *|sv_setref_pvs|SV *const rv|const char *const classname|"literal string"
409 Like C<sv_setref_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of
410 a string/length pair.
411 
412 =for apidoc_section $string
413 
414 =for apidoc Ama|char*|savepvs|"literal string"
415 Like C<savepvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
416 string/length pair.
417 
418 =for apidoc Ama|char*|savesharedpvs|"literal string"
419 A version of C<savepvs()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
420 which is shared between threads.
421 
422 =for apidoc_section $GV
423 
424 =for apidoc Am|HV*|gv_stashpvs|"name"|I32 create
425 Like C<gv_stashpvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
426 string/length pair.
427 
428 =for apidoc_section $HV
429 
430 =for apidoc Am|SV**|hv_fetchs|HV* tb|"key"|I32 lval
431 Like C<hv_fetch>, but takes a literal string instead of a
432 string/length pair.
433 
434 =for apidoc Am|SV**|hv_stores|HV* tb|"key"|SV* val
435 Like C<hv_store>, but takes a literal string instead of a
436 string/length pair
437 and omits the hash parameter.
438 
439 =for apidoc_section $lexer
440 
441 =for apidoc Amx|void|lex_stuff_pvs|"pv"|U32 flags
442 
443 Like L</lex_stuff_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of
444 a string/length pair.
445 
446 =cut
447 */
448 
449 /*
450 =for apidoc_section $string
451 
452 =for apidoc Amu|pair|STR_WITH_LEN|"literal string"
453 
454 Returns two comma separated tokens of the input literal string, and its length.
455 This is convenience macro which helps out in some API calls.
456 Note that it can't be used as an argument to macros or functions that under
457 some configurations might be macros, which means that it requires the full
458 Perl_xxx(aTHX_ ...) form for any API calls where it's used.
459 
460 =cut
461 */
462 
463 #define STR_WITH_LEN(s)  ("" s ""), (sizeof(s)-1)
464 
465 /* STR_WITH_LEN() shortcuts */
466 #define newSVpvs(str) Perl_newSVpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
467 #define newSVpvs_flags(str,flags)	\
468     Perl_newSVpvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), flags)
469 #define newSVpvs_share(str) Perl_newSVpvn_share(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), 0)
470 #define sv_catpvs_flags(sv, str, flags) \
471     Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), flags)
472 #define sv_catpvs_nomg(sv, str) \
473     Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), 0)
474 #define sv_catpvs(sv, str) \
475     Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), SV_GMAGIC)
476 #define sv_catpvs_mg(sv, str) \
477     Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC)
478 #define sv_setpvs(sv, str) Perl_sv_setpvn(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
479 #define sv_setpvs_mg(sv, str) Perl_sv_setpvn_mg(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
480 #define sv_setref_pvs(rv, classname, str) \
481     Perl_sv_setref_pvn(aTHX_ rv, classname, STR_WITH_LEN(str))
482 #define savepvs(str) Perl_savepvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
483 #define savesharedpvs(str) Perl_savesharedpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
484 #define gv_stashpvs(str, create) \
485     Perl_gv_stashpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), create)
486 
487 #define gv_fetchpvs(namebeg, flags, sv_type) \
488     Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(namebeg), flags, sv_type)
489 #define  gv_fetchpvn  gv_fetchpvn_flags
490 #define sv_catxmlpvs(dsv, str, utf8) \
491     Perl_sv_catxmlpvn(aTHX_ dsv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), utf8)
492 
493 
494 #define lex_stuff_pvs(pv,flags) Perl_lex_stuff_pvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(pv), flags)
495 
496 #define get_cvs(str, flags)					\
497         Perl_get_cvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), (flags))
498 
499 /* internal helpers */
500 /* Transitional */
501 #ifndef PERL_VERSION_MAJOR
502 #  define PERL_VERSION_MAJOR  PERL_REVISION
503 #else
504 #  undef  PERL_REVISION     /* We don't want code to be using these */
505 #endif
506 #ifndef PERL_VERSION_MINOR
507 #  define PERL_VERSION_MINOR  PERL_VERSION
508 #else
509 #  undef  PERL_VERSION
510 #endif
511 #ifndef PERL_VERSION_PATCH
512 #  define PERL_VERSION_PATCH  PERL_SUBVERSION
513 #else
514 #  undef  PERL_SUBVERSION
515 #endif
516 
517 #define PERL_JNP_TO_DECIMAL_(maJor,miNor,Patch)                             \
518             /* '10*' leaves room for things like alpha, beta, releases */   \
519                     (10 * ((maJor) * 1000000) + ((miNor) * 1000) + (Patch))
520 #define PERL_DECIMAL_VERSION_                                               \
521         PERL_JNP_TO_DECIMAL_(PERL_VERSION_MAJOR, PERL_VERSION_MINOR,        \
522                                                         PERL_VERSION_PATCH)
523 
524 /*
525 =for apidoc_section $versioning
526 =for apidoc AmR|bool|PERL_VERSION_EQ|const U8 major|const U8 minor|const U8 patch
527 =for apidoc_item PERL_VERSION_NE
528 =for apidoc_item PERL_VERSION_LT
529 =for apidoc_item PERL_VERSION_LE
530 =for apidoc_item PERL_VERSION_GT
531 =for apidoc_item PERL_VERSION_GE
532 
533 Returns whether or not the perl currently being compiled has the specified
534 relationship to the perl given by the parameters.  For example,
535 
536  #if PERL_VERSION_GT(5,24,2)
537    code that will only be compiled on perls after v5.24.2
538  #else
539    fallback code
540  #endif
541 
542 Note that this is usable in making compile-time decisions
543 
544 You may use the special value '*' for the final number to mean ALL possible
545 values for it.  Thus,
546 
547  #if PERL_VERSION_EQ(5,31,'*')
548 
549 means all perls in the 5.31 series.  And
550 
551  #if PERL_VERSION_NE(5,24,'*')
552 
553 means all perls EXCEPT 5.24 ones.  And
554 
555  #if PERL_VERSION_LE(5,9,'*')
556 
557 is effectively
558 
559  #if PERL_VERSION_LT(5,10,0)
560 
561 This means you don't have to think so much when converting from the existing
562 deprecated C<PERL_VERSION> to using this macro:
563 
564  #if PERL_VERSION <= 9
565 
566 becomes
567 
568  #if PERL_VERSION_LE(5,9,'*')
569 
570 =cut
571 */
572 
573 /* N.B. These don't work if the patch version is 42 or 92, as those are what
574  * '*' is in ASCII and EBCDIC respectively */
575 # define PERL_VERSION_EQ(j,n,p)                                             \
576               (((p) == '*')                                                 \
577                ? (   (j) == PERL_VERSION_MAJOR                              \
578                   && (n) == PERL_VERSION_MINOR)                             \
579                : (PERL_DECIMAL_VERSION_ == PERL_JNP_TO_DECIMAL_(j,n,p)))
580 # define PERL_VERSION_NE(j,n,p) (! PERL_VERSION_EQ(j,n,p))
581 
582 # define PERL_VERSION_LT(j,n,p) /* < '*' effectively means < 0 */           \
583     (PERL_DECIMAL_VERSION_ < PERL_JNP_TO_DECIMAL_( (j),                     \
584                                                    (n),                     \
585                                                  (((p) == '*') ? 0 : p)))
586 # define PERL_VERSION_GE(j,n,p)  (! PERL_VERSION_LT(j,n,p))
587 
588 # define PERL_VERSION_LE(j,n,p)  /* <= '*' effectively means < n+1 */       \
589     (PERL_DECIMAL_VERSION_ < PERL_JNP_TO_DECIMAL_(                  (j),    \
590                                           (((p) == '*') ? ((n)+1) : (n)),   \
591                                           (((p) == '*') ? 0 : p)))
592 # define PERL_VERSION_GT(j,n,p) (! PERL_VERSION_LE(j,n,p))
593 
594 /*
595 =for apidoc_section $string
596 
597 =for apidoc Am|bool|strNE|char* s1|char* s2
598 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if they are different.  Returns true
599 or false.
600 
601 =for apidoc Am|bool|strEQ|char* s1|char* s2
602 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if they are equal.  Returns true or
603 false.
604 
605 =for apidoc Am|bool|strLT|char* s1|char* s2
606 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than the
607 second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.
608 
609 =for apidoc Am|bool|strLE|char* s1|char* s2
610 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than or
611 equal to the second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.
612 
613 =for apidoc Am|bool|strGT|char* s1|char* s2
614 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than
615 the second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.
616 
617 =for apidoc Am|bool|strGE|char* s1|char* s2
618 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than
619 or equal to the second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.
620 
621 =for apidoc Am|bool|strnNE|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
622 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if they are different.  The C<len>
623 parameter indicates the number of bytes to compare.  Returns true or false.  (A
624 wrapper for C<strncmp>).
625 
626 =for apidoc Am|bool|strnEQ|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
627 Test two C<NUL>-terminated strings to see if they are equal.  The C<len>
628 parameter indicates the number of bytes to compare.  Returns true or false.  (A
629 wrapper for C<strncmp>).
630 
631 =for apidoc Am|bool|memEQ|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
632 Test two buffers (which may contain embedded C<NUL> characters, to see if they
633 are equal.  The C<len> parameter indicates the number of bytes to compare.
634 Returns true or false.  It is undefined behavior if either of the buffers
635 doesn't contain at least C<len> bytes.
636 
637 =for apidoc Am|bool|memEQs|char* s1|STRLEN l1|"s2"
638 Like L</memEQ>, but the second string is a literal enclosed in double quotes,
639 C<l1> gives the number of bytes in C<s1>.
640 Returns true or false.
641 
642 =for apidoc Am|bool|memNE|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
643 Test two buffers (which may contain embedded C<NUL> characters, to see if they
644 are not equal.  The C<len> parameter indicates the number of bytes to compare.
645 Returns true or false.  It is undefined behavior if either of the buffers
646 doesn't contain at least C<len> bytes.
647 
648 =for apidoc Am|bool|memNEs|char* s1|STRLEN l1|"s2"
649 Like L</memNE>, but the second string is a literal enclosed in double quotes,
650 C<l1> gives the number of bytes in C<s1>.
651 Returns true or false.
652 
653 =for apidoc Am|bool|memCHRs|"list"|char c
654 Returns the position of the first occurence of the byte C<c> in the literal
655 string C<"list">, or NULL if C<c> doesn't appear in C<"list">.  All bytes are
656 treated as unsigned char.  Thus this macro can be used to determine if C<c> is
657 in a set of particular characters.  Unlike L<strchr(3)>, it works even if C<c>
658 is C<NUL> (and the set doesn't include C<NUL>).
659 
660 =cut
661 
662 New macros should use the following conventions for their names (which are
663 based on the underlying C library functions):
664 
665   (mem | str n? ) (EQ | NE | LT | GT | GE | (( BEGIN | END ) P? )) l? s?
666 
667   Each has two main parameters, string-like operands that are compared
668   against each other, as specified by the macro name.  Some macros may
669   additionally have one or potentially even two length parameters.  If a length
670   parameter applies to both string parameters, it will be positioned third;
671   otherwise any length parameter immediately follows the string parameter it
672   applies to.
673 
674   If the prefix to the name is 'str', the string parameter is a pointer to a C
675   language string.  Such a string does not contain embedded NUL bytes; its
676   length may be unknown, but can be calculated by C<strlen()>, since it is
677   terminated by a NUL, which isn't included in its length.
678 
679   The optional 'n' following 'str' means that there is a third parameter,
680   giving the maximum number of bytes to look at in each string.  Even if both
681   strings are longer than the length parameter, those extra bytes will be
682   unexamined.
683 
684   The 's' suffix means that the 2nd byte string parameter is a literal C
685   double-quoted string.  Its length will automatically be calculated by the
686   macro, so no length parameter will ever be needed for it.
687 
688   If the prefix is 'mem', the string parameters don't have to be C strings;
689   they may contain embedded NUL bytes, do not necessarily have a terminating
690   NUL, and their lengths can be known only through other means, which in
691   practice are additional parameter(s) passed to the function.  All 'mem'
692   functions have at least one length parameter.  Barring any 'l' or 's' suffix,
693   there is a single length parameter, in position 3, which applies to both
694   string parameters.  The 's' suffix means, as described above, that the 2nd
695   string is a literal double-quoted C string (hence its length is calculated by
696   the macro, and the length parameter to the function applies just to the first
697   string parameter, and hence is positioned just after it).  An 'l' suffix
698   means that the 2nd string parameter has its own length parameter, and the
699   signature will look like memFOOl(s1, l1, s2, l2).
700 
701   BEGIN (and END) are for testing if the 2nd string is an initial (or final)
702   substring  of the 1st string.  'P' if present indicates that the substring
703   must be a "proper" one in tha mathematical sense that the first one must be
704   strictly larger than the 2nd.
705 
706 */
707 
708 
709 #define strNE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) != 0)
710 #define strEQ(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) == 0)
711 #define strLT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) < 0)
712 #define strLE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) <= 0)
713 #define strGT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) > 0)
714 #define strGE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) >= 0)
715 
716 #define strnNE(s1,s2,l) (strncmp(s1,s2,l) != 0)
717 #define strnEQ(s1,s2,l) (strncmp(s1,s2,l) == 0)
718 
719 #define memEQ(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(((const void *) (s1)), ((const void *) (s2)), l) == 0)
720 #define memNE(s1,s2,l) (! memEQ(s1,s2,l))
721 
722 /* memEQ and memNE where second comparand is a string constant */
723 #define memEQs(s1, l, s2) \
724         (((sizeof(s2)-1) == (l)) && memEQ((s1), ("" s2 ""), (sizeof(s2)-1)))
725 #define memNEs(s1, l, s2) (! memEQs(s1, l, s2))
726 
727 /* Keep these private until we decide it was a good idea */
728 #if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT) || defined(PERL_EXT_POSIX)
729 
730 #define strBEGINs(s1,s2) (strncmp(s1,"" s2 "", sizeof(s2)-1) == 0)
731 
732 #define memBEGINs(s1, l, s2)                                                \
733             (   (Ptrdiff_t) (l) >= (Ptrdiff_t) sizeof(s2) - 1               \
734              && memEQ(s1, "" s2 "", sizeof(s2)-1))
735 #define memBEGINPs(s1, l, s2)                                               \
736             (   (Ptrdiff_t) (l) > (Ptrdiff_t) sizeof(s2) - 1                \
737              && memEQ(s1, "" s2 "", sizeof(s2)-1))
738 #define memENDs(s1, l, s2)                                                  \
739             (   (Ptrdiff_t) (l) >= (Ptrdiff_t) sizeof(s2) - 1               \
740              && memEQ(s1 + (l) - (sizeof(s2) - 1), "" s2 "", sizeof(s2)-1))
741 #define memENDPs(s1, l, s2)                                                 \
742             (   (Ptrdiff_t) (l) > (Ptrdiff_t) sizeof(s2)                    \
743              && memEQ(s1 + (l) - (sizeof(s2) - 1), "" s2 "", sizeof(s2)-1))
744 #endif  /* End of making macros private */
745 
746 #define memLT(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l) < 0)
747 #define memLE(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l) <= 0)
748 #define memGT(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l) > 0)
749 #define memGE(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l) >= 0)
750 
751 #define memCHRs(s1,c) ((const char *) memchr("" s1 "" , c, sizeof(s1)-1))
752 
753 /*
754  * Character classes.
755  *
756  * Unfortunately, the introduction of locales means that we
757  * can't trust isupper(), etc. to tell the truth.  And when
758  * it comes to /\w+/ with tainting enabled, we *must* be able
759  * to trust our character classes.
760  *
761  * Therefore, the default tests in the text of Perl will be
762  * independent of locale.  Any code that wants to depend on
763  * the current locale will use the tests that begin with "lc".
764  */
765 
766 #ifdef USE_LOCALE
767 #  ifndef CTYPE256
768 #    define CTYPE256
769 #  endif
770 #endif
771 
772 /*
773 
774 =head1 Character classification
775 This section is about functions (really macros) that classify characters
776 into types, such as punctuation versus alphabetic, etc.  Most of these are
777 analogous to regular expression character classes.  (See
778 L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character Classes>.)  There are several variants for
779 each class.  (Not all macros have all variants; each item below lists the
780 ones valid for it.)  None are affected by C<use bytes>, and only the ones
781 with C<LC> in the name are affected by the current locale.
782 
783 The base function, e.g., C<isALPHA()>, takes any signed or unsigned value,
784 treating it as a code point, and returns a boolean as to whether or not the
785 character represented by it is (or on non-ASCII platforms, corresponds to) an
786 ASCII character in the named class based on platform, Unicode, and Perl rules.
787 If the input is a number that doesn't fit in an octet, FALSE is returned.
788 
789 Variant C<isI<FOO>_A> (e.g., C<isALPHA_A()>) is identical to the base function
790 with no suffix C<"_A">.  This variant is used to emphasize by its name that
791 only ASCII-range characters can return TRUE.
792 
793 Variant C<isI<FOO>_L1> imposes the Latin-1 (or EBCDIC equivalent) character set
794 onto the platform.  That is, the code points that are ASCII are unaffected,
795 since ASCII is a subset of Latin-1.  But the non-ASCII code points are treated
796 as if they are Latin-1 characters.  For example, C<isWORDCHAR_L1()> will return
797 true when called with the code point 0xDF, which is a word character in both
798 ASCII and EBCDIC (though it represents different characters in each).
799 If the input is a number that doesn't fit in an octet, FALSE is returned.
800 (Perl's documentation uses a colloquial definition of Latin-1, to include all
801 code points below 256.)
802 
803 Variant C<isI<FOO>_uvchr> is exactly like the C<isI<FOO>_L1> variant, for
804 inputs below 256, but if the code point is larger than 255, Unicode rules are
805 used to determine if it is in the character class.  For example,
806 C<isWORDCHAR_uvchr(0x100)> returns TRUE, since 0x100 is LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A
807 WITH MACRON in Unicode, and is a word character.
808 
809 Variants C<isI<FOO>_utf8> and C<isI<FOO>_utf8_safe> are like C<isI<FOO>_uvchr>,
810 but are used for UTF-8 encoded strings.  The two forms are different names for
811 the same thing.  Each call to one of these classifies the first character of
812 the string starting at C<p>.  The second parameter, C<e>, points to anywhere in
813 the string beyond the first character, up to one byte past the end of the
814 entire string.  Although both variants are identical, the suffix C<_safe> in
815 one name emphasizes that it will not attempt to read beyond S<C<e - 1>>,
816 provided that the constraint S<C<s E<lt> e>> is true (this is asserted for in
817 C<-DDEBUGGING> builds).  If the UTF-8 for the input character is malformed in
818 some way, the program may croak, or the function may return FALSE, at the
819 discretion of the implementation, and subject to change in future releases.
820 
821 Variant C<isI<FOO>_LC> is like the C<isI<FOO>_A> and C<isI<FOO>_L1> variants,
822 but the result is based on the current locale, which is what C<LC> in the name
823 stands for.  If Perl can determine that the current locale is a UTF-8 locale,
824 it uses the published Unicode rules; otherwise, it uses the C library function
825 that gives the named classification.  For example, C<isDIGIT_LC()> when not in
826 a UTF-8 locale returns the result of calling C<isdigit()>.  FALSE is always
827 returned if the input won't fit into an octet.  On some platforms where the C
828 library function is known to be defective, Perl changes its result to follow
829 the POSIX standard's rules.
830 
831 Variant C<isI<FOO>_LC_uvchr> acts exactly like C<isI<FOO>_LC> for inputs less
832 than 256, but for larger ones it returns the Unicode classification of the code
833 point.
834 
835 Variants C<isI<FOO>_LC_utf8> and C<isI<FOO>_LC_utf8_safe> are like
836 C<isI<FOO>_LC_uvchr>, but are used for UTF-8 encoded strings.  The two forms
837 are different names for the same thing.  Each call to one of these classifies
838 the first character of the string starting at C<p>.  The second parameter,
839 C<e>, points to anywhere in the string beyond the first character, up to one
840 byte past the end of the entire string.  Although both variants are identical,
841 the suffix C<_safe> in one name emphasizes that it will not attempt to read
842 beyond S<C<e - 1>>, provided that the constraint S<C<s E<lt> e>> is true (this
843 is asserted for in C<-DDEBUGGING> builds).  If the UTF-8 for the input
844 character is malformed in some way, the program may croak, or the function may
845 return FALSE, at the discretion of the implementation, and subject to change in
846 future releases.
847 
848 =for apidoc Am|bool|isALPHA|UV ch
849 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_A|UV ch
850 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_L1|UV ch
851 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_uvchr|UV ch
852 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
853 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
854 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_LC|UV ch
855 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_LC_uvchr|UV ch
856 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHA_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
857 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified input is one of C<[A-Za-z]>,
858 analogous to C<m/[[:alpha:]]/>.
859 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
860 the variants.
861 
862 =cut
863 
864 Here and below, we add the prototypes of these macros for downstream programs
865 that would be interested in them, such as Devel::PPPort
866 
867 =for apidoc Am|bool|isALPHANUMERIC|UV ch
868 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_A|UV ch
869 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_L1|UV ch
870 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_uvchr|UV ch
871 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
872 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
873 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_LC|UV ch
874 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_LC_uvchr|UV ch
875 =for apidoc_item ||isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
876 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUMC|UV ch
877 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUMC_A|UV ch
878 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUMC_L1|UV ch
879 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUMC_LC|UV ch
880 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUMC_LC_uvchr|UV ch
881 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is one of
882 C<[A-Za-z0-9]>, analogous to C<m/[[:alnum:]]/>.
883 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
884 the variants.
885 
886 A (discouraged from use) synonym is C<isALNUMC> (where the C<C> suffix means
887 this corresponds to the C language alphanumeric definition).  Also
888 there are the variants
889 C<isALNUMC_A>, C<isALNUMC_L1>
890 C<isALNUMC_LC>, and C<isALNUMC_LC_uvchr>.
891 
892 =for apidoc Am|bool|isASCII|UV ch
893 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_A|UV ch
894 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_L1|UV ch
895 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_uvchr|UV ch
896 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
897 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
898 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_LC|UV ch
899 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_LC_uvchr|UV ch
900 =for apidoc_item ||isASCII_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
901 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is one of the 128
902 characters in the ASCII character set, analogous to C<m/[[:ascii:]]/>.
903 On non-ASCII platforms, it returns TRUE iff this
904 character corresponds to an ASCII character.  Variants C<isASCII_A()> and
905 C<isASCII_L1()> are identical to C<isASCII()>.
906 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
907 the variants.
908 Note, however, that some platforms do not have the C library routine
909 C<isascii()>.  In these cases, the variants whose names contain C<LC> are the
910 same as the corresponding ones without.
911 
912 Also note, that because all ASCII characters are UTF-8 invariant (meaning they
913 have the exact same representation (always a single byte) whether encoded in
914 UTF-8 or not), C<isASCII> will give the correct results when called with any
915 byte in any string encoded or not in UTF-8.  And similarly C<isASCII_utf8> and
916 C<isASCII_utf8_safe> will work properly on any string encoded or not in UTF-8.
917 
918 =for apidoc Am|bool|isBLANK|UV ch
919 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_A|UV ch
920 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_L1|UV ch
921 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_uvchr|UV ch
922 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
923 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
924 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_LC|UV ch
925 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_LC_uvchr|UV ch
926 =for apidoc_item ||isBLANK_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
927 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
928 character considered to be a blank, analogous to C<m/[[:blank:]]/>.
929 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
930 the variants.
931 Note,
932 however, that some platforms do not have the C library routine
933 C<isblank()>.  In these cases, the variants whose names contain C<LC> are
934 the same as the corresponding ones without.
935 
936 =for apidoc Am|bool|isCNTRL|UV ch
937 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_A|UV ch
938 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_L1|UV ch
939 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_uvchr|UV ch
940 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
941 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
942 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_LC|UV ch
943 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_LC_uvchr|UV ch
944 =for apidoc_item ||isCNTRL_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
945 
946 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
947 control character, analogous to C<m/[[:cntrl:]]/>.
948 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
949 the variants.
950 On EBCDIC platforms, you almost always want to use the C<isCNTRL_L1> variant.
951 
952 =for apidoc Am|bool|isDIGIT|UV ch
953 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_A|UV ch
954 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_L1|UV ch
955 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_uvchr|UV ch
956 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
957 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
958 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_LC|UV ch
959 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_LC_uvchr|UV ch
960 =for apidoc_item ||isDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
961 
962 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
963 digit, analogous to C<m/[[:digit:]]/>.
964 Variants C<isDIGIT_A> and C<isDIGIT_L1> are identical to C<isDIGIT>.
965 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
966 the variants.
967 
968 =for apidoc Am|bool|isGRAPH|UV ch
969 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_A|UV ch
970 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_L1|UV ch
971 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_uvchr|UV ch
972 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
973 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
974 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_LC|UV ch
975 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_LC_uvchr|UV ch
976 =for apidoc_item ||isGRAPH_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
977 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
978 graphic character, analogous to C<m/[[:graph:]]/>.
979 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
980 the variants.
981 
982 =for apidoc Am|bool|isLOWER|UV ch
983 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_A|UV ch
984 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_L1|UV ch
985 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_uvchr|UV ch
986 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
987 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
988 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_LC|UV ch
989 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_LC_uvchr|UV ch
990 =for apidoc_item ||isLOWER_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
991 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
992 lowercase character, analogous to C<m/[[:lower:]]/>.
993 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
994 the variants
995 
996 =for apidoc Am|bool|isOCTAL|UV ch
997 =for apidoc_item ||isOCTAL_A|UV ch
998 =for apidoc_item ||isOCTAL_L1|UV ch
999 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is an
1000 octal digit, [0-7].
1001 The only two variants are C<isOCTAL_A> and C<isOCTAL_L1>; each is identical to
1002 C<isOCTAL>.
1003 
1004 =for apidoc Am|bool|isPUNCT|UV ch
1005 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_A|UV ch
1006 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_L1|UV ch
1007 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_uvchr|UV ch
1008 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1009 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1010 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_LC|UV ch
1011 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1012 =for apidoc_item ||isPUNCT_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1013 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
1014 punctuation character, analogous to C<m/[[:punct:]]/>.
1015 Note that the definition of what is punctuation isn't as
1016 straightforward as one might desire.  See L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character
1017 Classes> for details.
1018 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1019 the variants.
1020 
1021 =for apidoc Am|bool|isSPACE|UV ch
1022 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_A|UV ch
1023 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_L1|UV ch
1024 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_uvchr|UV ch
1025 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1026 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1027 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_LC|UV ch
1028 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1029 =for apidoc_item ||isSPACE_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1030 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
1031 whitespace character.  This is analogous
1032 to what C<m/\s/> matches in a regular expression.  Starting in Perl 5.18
1033 this also matches what C<m/[[:space:]]/> does.  Prior to 5.18, only the
1034 locale forms of this macro (the ones with C<LC> in their names) matched
1035 precisely what C<m/[[:space:]]/> does.  In those releases, the only difference,
1036 in the non-locale variants, was that C<isSPACE()> did not match a vertical tab.
1037 (See L</isPSXSPC> for a macro that matches a vertical tab in all releases.)
1038 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1039 the variants.
1040 
1041 =for apidoc Am|bool|isPSXSPC|UV ch
1042 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_A|UV ch
1043 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_L1|UV ch
1044 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_uvchr|UV ch
1045 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1046 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1047 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_LC|UV ch
1048 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1049 =for apidoc_item ||isPSXSPC_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1050 (short for Posix Space)
1051 Starting in 5.18, this is identical in all its forms to the
1052 corresponding C<isSPACE()> macros.
1053 The locale forms of this macro are identical to their corresponding
1054 C<isSPACE()> forms in all Perl releases.  In releases prior to 5.18, the
1055 non-locale forms differ from their C<isSPACE()> forms only in that the
1056 C<isSPACE()> forms don't match a Vertical Tab, and the C<isPSXSPC()> forms do.
1057 Otherwise they are identical.  Thus this macro is analogous to what
1058 C<m/[[:space:]]/> matches in a regular expression.
1059 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1060 the variants.
1061 
1062 =for apidoc Am|bool|isUPPER|UV ch
1063 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_A|UV ch
1064 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_L1|UV ch
1065 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_uvchr|UV ch
1066 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1067 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1068 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_LC|UV ch
1069 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1070 =for apidoc_item ||isUPPER_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1071 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is an
1072 uppercase character, analogous to C<m/[[:upper:]]/>.
1073 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1074 the variants.
1075 
1076 =for apidoc Am|bool|isPRINT|UV ch
1077 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_A|UV ch
1078 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_L1|UV ch
1079 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_uvchr|UV ch
1080 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1081 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1082 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_LC|UV ch
1083 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1084 =for apidoc_item ||isPRINT_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1085 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a
1086 printable character, analogous to C<m/[[:print:]]/>.
1087 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1088 the variants.
1089 
1090 =for apidoc Am|bool|isWORDCHAR|UV ch
1091 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_A|UV ch
1092 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_L1|UV ch
1093 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_uvchr|UV ch
1094 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1095 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1096 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_LC|UV ch
1097 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1098 =for apidoc_item ||isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1099 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUM|UV ch
1100 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUM_A|UV ch
1101 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUM_LC|UV ch
1102 =for apidoc_item ||isALNUM_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1103 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a character
1104 that is a word character, analogous to what C<m/\w/> and C<m/[[:word:]]/> match
1105 in a regular expression.  A word character is an alphabetic character, a
1106 decimal digit, a connecting punctuation character (such as an underscore), or
1107 a "mark" character that attaches to one of those (like some sort of accent).
1108 C<isALNUM()> is a synonym provided for backward compatibility, even though a
1109 word character includes more than the standard C language meaning of
1110 alphanumeric.
1111 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1112 the variants.
1113 C<isWORDCHAR_A>, C<isWORDCHAR_L1>, C<isWORDCHAR_uvchr>,
1114 C<isWORDCHAR_LC>, C<isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr>, C<isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8>, and
1115 C<isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe> are also as described there, but additionally
1116 include the platform's native underscore.
1117 
1118 =for apidoc Am|bool|isXDIGIT|UV ch
1119 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_A|UV ch
1120 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_L1|UV ch
1121 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_uvchr|UV ch
1122 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1123 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1124 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_LC|UV ch
1125 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1126 =for apidoc_item ||isXDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1127 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character is a hexadecimal
1128 digit.  In the ASCII range these are C<[0-9A-Fa-f]>.  Variants C<isXDIGIT_A()>
1129 and C<isXDIGIT_L1()> are identical to C<isXDIGIT()>.
1130 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1131 the variants.
1132 
1133 =for apidoc Am|bool|isIDFIRST|UV ch
1134 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_A|UV ch
1135 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_L1|UV ch
1136 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_uvchr|UV ch
1137 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1138 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1139 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_LC|UV ch
1140 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1141 =for apidoc_item ||isIDFIRST_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1142 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character can be the first
1143 character of an identifier.  This is very close to, but not quite the same as
1144 the official Unicode property C<XID_Start>.  The difference is that this
1145 returns true only if the input character also matches L</isWORDCHAR>.
1146 See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for an explanation of
1147 the variants.
1148 
1149 =for apidoc Am|bool|isIDCONT|UV ch
1150 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_A|UV ch
1151 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_L1|UV ch
1152 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_uvchr|UV ch
1153 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_utf8_safe|U8 * s|U8 * end
1154 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_utf8|U8 * s|U8 * end
1155 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_LC|UV ch
1156 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_LC_uvchr|UV ch
1157 =for apidoc_item ||isIDCONT_LC_utf8_safe|U8 * s| U8 *end
1158 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified character can be the
1159 second or succeeding character of an identifier.  This is very close to, but
1160 not quite the same as the official Unicode property C<XID_Continue>.  The
1161 difference is that this returns true only if the input character also matches
1162 L</isWORDCHAR>.  See the L<top of this section|/Character classification> for
1163 an explanation of the variants.
1164 
1165 =for apidoc_section $numeric
1166 
1167 =for apidoc Am|U8|READ_XDIGIT|char str*
1168 Returns the value of an ASCII-range hex digit and advances the string pointer.
1169 Behaviour is only well defined when isXDIGIT(*str) is true.
1170 
1171 =head1 Character case changing
1172 Perl uses "full" Unicode case mappings.  This means that converting a single
1173 character to another case may result in a sequence of more than one character.
1174 For example, the uppercase of C<E<223>> (LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S) is the two
1175 character sequence C<SS>.  This presents some complications   The lowercase of
1176 all characters in the range 0..255 is a single character, and thus
1177 C<L</toLOWER_L1>> is furnished.  But, C<toUPPER_L1> can't exist, as it couldn't
1178 return a valid result for all legal inputs.  Instead C<L</toUPPER_uvchr>> has
1179 an API that does allow every possible legal result to be returned.)  Likewise
1180 no other function that is crippled by not being able to give the correct
1181 results for the full range of possible inputs has been implemented here.
1182 
1183 =for apidoc Am|UV|toUPPER|UV cp
1184 =for apidoc_item |UV|toUPPER_A|UV cp
1185 =for apidoc_item |UV|toUPPER_uvchr|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1186 =for apidoc_item |UV|toUPPER_utf8|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1187 =for apidoc_item |UV|toUPPER_utf8_safe|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1188 
1189 These all return the uppercase of a character.  The differences are what domain
1190 they operate on, and whether the input is specified as a code point (those
1191 forms with a C<cp> parameter) or as a UTF-8 string (the others).  In the latter
1192 case, the code point to use is the first one in the buffer of UTF-8 encoded
1193 code points, delineated by the arguments S<C<p .. e - 1>>.
1194 
1195 C<toUPPER> and C<toUPPER_A> are synonyms of each other.  They return the
1196 uppercase of any lowercase ASCII-range code point.  All other inputs are
1197 returned unchanged.  Since these are macros, the input type may be any integral
1198 one, and the output will occupy the same number of bits as the input.
1199 
1200 There is no C<toUPPER_L1> nor C<toUPPER_LATIN1> as the uppercase of some code
1201 points in the 0..255 range is above that range or consists of multiple
1202 characters.  Instead use C<toUPPER_uvchr>.
1203 
1204 C<toUPPER_uvchr> returns the uppercase of any Unicode code point.  The return
1205 value is identical to that of C<toUPPER_A> for input code points in the ASCII
1206 range.  The uppercase of the vast majority of Unicode code points is the same
1207 as the code point itself.  For these, and for code points above the legal
1208 Unicode maximum, this returns the input code point unchanged.  It additionally
1209 stores the UTF-8 of the result into the buffer beginning at C<s>, and its
1210 length in bytes into C<*lenp>.  The caller must have made C<s> large enough to
1211 contain at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1> bytes to avoid possible overflow.
1212 
1213 NOTE: the uppercase of a code point may be more than one code point.  The
1214 return value of this function is only the first of these.  The entire uppercase
1215 is returned in C<s>.  To determine if the result is more than a single code
1216 point, you can do something like this:
1217 
1218  uc = toUPPER_uvchr(cp, s, &len);
1219  if (len > UTF8SKIP(s)) { is multiple code points }
1220  else { is a single code point }
1221 
1222 C<toUPPER_utf8> and C<toUPPER_utf8_safe> are synonyms of each other.  The only
1223 difference between these and C<toUPPER_uvchr> is that the source for these is
1224 encoded in UTF-8, instead of being a code point.  It is passed as a buffer
1225 starting at C<p>, with C<e> pointing to one byte beyond its end.  The C<p>
1226 buffer may certainly contain more than one code point; but only the first one
1227 (up through S<C<e - 1>>) is examined.  If the UTF-8 for the input character is
1228 malformed in some way, the program may croak, or the function may return the
1229 REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, at the discretion of the implementation, and subject to
1230 change in future releases.
1231 
1232 =for apidoc Am|UV|toFOLD|UV cp
1233 =for apidoc_item |UV|toFOLD_A|UV cp
1234 =for apidoc_item |UV|toFOLD_uvchr|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1235 =for apidoc_item |UV|toFOLD_utf8|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1236 =for apidoc_item |UV|toFOLD_utf8_safe|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1237 
1238 These all return the foldcase of a character.  "foldcase" is an internal case
1239 for C</i> pattern matching. If the foldcase of character A and the foldcase of
1240 character B are the same, they match caselessly; otherwise they don't.
1241 
1242 The differences in the forms are what domain they operate on, and whether the
1243 input is specified as a code point (those forms with a C<cp> parameter) or as a
1244 UTF-8 string (the others).  In the latter case, the code point to use is the
1245 first one in the buffer of UTF-8 encoded code points, delineated by the
1246 arguments S<C<p .. e - 1>>.
1247 
1248 C<toFOLD> and C<toFOLD_A> are synonyms of each other.  They return the
1249 foldcase of any ASCII-range code point.  In this range, the foldcase is
1250 identical to the lowercase.  All other inputs are returned unchanged.  Since
1251 these are macros, the input type may be any integral one, and the output will
1252 occupy the same number of bits as the input.
1253 
1254 There is no C<toFOLD_L1> nor C<toFOLD_LATIN1> as the foldcase of some code
1255 points in the 0..255 range is above that range or consists of multiple
1256 characters.  Instead use C<toFOLD_uvchr>.
1257 
1258 C<toFOLD_uvchr> returns the foldcase of any Unicode code point.  The return
1259 value is identical to that of C<toFOLD_A> for input code points in the ASCII
1260 range.  The foldcase of the vast majority of Unicode code points is the same
1261 as the code point itself.  For these, and for code points above the legal
1262 Unicode maximum, this returns the input code point unchanged.  It additionally
1263 stores the UTF-8 of the result into the buffer beginning at C<s>, and its
1264 length in bytes into C<*lenp>.  The caller must have made C<s> large enough to
1265 contain at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1> bytes to avoid possible overflow.
1266 
1267 NOTE: the foldcase of a code point may be more than one code point.  The
1268 return value of this function is only the first of these.  The entire foldcase
1269 is returned in C<s>.  To determine if the result is more than a single code
1270 point, you can do something like this:
1271 
1272  uc = toFOLD_uvchr(cp, s, &len);
1273  if (len > UTF8SKIP(s)) { is multiple code points }
1274  else { is a single code point }
1275 
1276 C<toFOLD_utf8> and C<toFOLD_utf8_safe> are synonyms of each other.  The only
1277 difference between these and C<toFOLD_uvchr> is that the source for these is
1278 encoded in UTF-8, instead of being a code point.  It is passed as a buffer
1279 starting at C<p>, with C<e> pointing to one byte beyond its end.  The C<p>
1280 buffer may certainly contain more than one code point; but only the first one
1281 (up through S<C<e - 1>>) is examined.  If the UTF-8 for the input character is
1282 malformed in some way, the program may croak, or the function may return the
1283 REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, at the discretion of the implementation, and subject to
1284 change in future releases.
1285 
1286 =for apidoc Am|UV|toLOWER|UV cp
1287 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_A|UV cp
1288 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_L1|UV cp
1289 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_LATIN1|UV cp
1290 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_LC|UV cp
1291 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_uvchr|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1292 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_utf8|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1293 =for apidoc_item |UV|toLOWER_utf8_safe|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1294 
1295 These all return the lowercase of a character.  The differences are what domain
1296 they operate on, and whether the input is specified as a code point (those
1297 forms with a C<cp> parameter) or as a UTF-8 string (the others).  In the latter
1298 case, the code point to use is the first one in the buffer of UTF-8 encoded
1299 code points, delineated by the arguments S<C<p .. e - 1>>.
1300 
1301 C<toLOWER> and C<toLOWER_A> are synonyms of each other.  They return the
1302 lowercase of any uppercase ASCII-range code point.  All other inputs are
1303 returned unchanged.  Since these are macros, the input type may be any integral
1304 one, and the output will occupy the same number of bits as the input.
1305 
1306 C<toLOWER_L1> and C<toLOWER_LATIN1> are synonyms of each other.  They behave
1307 identically as C<toLOWER> for ASCII-range input.  But additionally will return
1308 the lowercase of any uppercase code point in the entire 0..255 range, assuming
1309 a Latin-1 encoding (or the EBCDIC equivalent on such platforms).
1310 
1311 C<toLOWER_LC> returns the lowercase of the input code point according to the
1312 rules of the current POSIX locale.  Input code points outside the range 0..255
1313 are returned unchanged.
1314 
1315 C<toLOWER_uvchr> returns the lowercase of any Unicode code point.  The return
1316 value is identical to that of C<toLOWER_L1> for input code points in the 0..255
1317 range.  The lowercase of the vast majority of Unicode code points is the same
1318 as the code point itself.  For these, and for code points above the legal
1319 Unicode maximum, this returns the input code point unchanged.  It additionally
1320 stores the UTF-8 of the result into the buffer beginning at C<s>, and its
1321 length in bytes into C<*lenp>.  The caller must have made C<s> large enough to
1322 contain at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1> bytes to avoid possible overflow.
1323 
1324 NOTE: the lowercase of a code point may be more than one code point.  The
1325 return value of this function is only the first of these.  The entire lowercase
1326 is returned in C<s>.  To determine if the result is more than a single code
1327 point, you can do something like this:
1328 
1329  uc = toLOWER_uvchr(cp, s, &len);
1330  if (len > UTF8SKIP(s)) { is multiple code points }
1331  else { is a single code point }
1332 
1333 C<toLOWER_utf8> and C<toLOWER_utf8_safe> are synonyms of each other.  The only
1334 difference between these and C<toLOWER_uvchr> is that the source for these is
1335 encoded in UTF-8, instead of being a code point.  It is passed as a buffer
1336 starting at C<p>, with C<e> pointing to one byte beyond its end.  The C<p>
1337 buffer may certainly contain more than one code point; but only the first one
1338 (up through S<C<e - 1>>) is examined.  If the UTF-8 for the input character is
1339 malformed in some way, the program may croak, or the function may return the
1340 REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, at the discretion of the implementation, and subject to
1341 change in future releases.
1342 
1343 =for apidoc Am|UV|toTITLE|UV cp
1344 =for apidoc_item |UV|toTITLE_A|UV cp
1345 =for apidoc_item |UV|toTITLE_uvchr|UV cp|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1346 =for apidoc_item |UV|toTITLE_utf8|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1347 =for apidoc_item |UV|toTITLE_utf8_safe|U8* p|U8* e|U8* s|STRLEN* lenp
1348 
1349 These all return the titlecase of a character.  The differences are what domain
1350 they operate on, and whether the input is specified as a code point (those
1351 forms with a C<cp> parameter) or as a UTF-8 string (the others).  In the latter
1352 case, the code point to use is the first one in the buffer of UTF-8 encoded
1353 code points, delineated by the arguments S<C<p .. e - 1>>.
1354 
1355 C<toTITLE> and C<toTITLE_A> are synonyms of each other.  They return the
1356 titlecase of any lowercase ASCII-range code point.  In this range, the
1357 titlecase is identical to the uppercase.  All other inputs are returned
1358 unchanged.  Since these are macros, the input type may be any integral one, and
1359 the output will occupy the same number of bits as the input.
1360 
1361 There is no C<toTITLE_L1> nor C<toTITLE_LATIN1> as the titlecase of some code
1362 points in the 0..255 range is above that range or consists of multiple
1363 characters.  Instead use C<toTITLE_uvchr>.
1364 
1365 C<toTITLE_uvchr> returns the titlecase of any Unicode code point.  The return
1366 value is identical to that of C<toTITLE_A> for input code points in the ASCII
1367 range.  The titlecase of the vast majority of Unicode code points is the same
1368 as the code point itself.  For these, and for code points above the legal
1369 Unicode maximum, this returns the input code point unchanged.  It additionally
1370 stores the UTF-8 of the result into the buffer beginning at C<s>, and its
1371 length in bytes into C<*lenp>.  The caller must have made C<s> large enough to
1372 contain at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1> bytes to avoid possible overflow.
1373 
1374 NOTE: the titlecase of a code point may be more than one code point.  The
1375 return value of this function is only the first of these.  The entire titlecase
1376 is returned in C<s>.  To determine if the result is more than a single code
1377 point, you can do something like this:
1378 
1379  uc = toTITLE_uvchr(cp, s, &len);
1380  if (len > UTF8SKIP(s)) { is multiple code points }
1381  else { is a single code point }
1382 
1383 C<toTITLE_utf8> and C<toTITLE_utf8_safe> are synonyms of each other.  The only
1384 difference between these and C<toTITLE_uvchr> is that the source for these is
1385 encoded in UTF-8, instead of being a code point.  It is passed as a buffer
1386 starting at C<p>, with C<e> pointing to one byte beyond its end.  The C<p>
1387 buffer may certainly contain more than one code point; but only the first one
1388 (up through S<C<e - 1>>) is examined.  If the UTF-8 for the input character is
1389 malformed in some way, the program may croak, or the function may return the
1390 REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, at the discretion of the implementation, and subject to
1391 change in future releases.
1392 
1393 =cut
1394 
1395 XXX Still undocumented isVERTWS_uvchr and _utf8; it's unclear what their names
1396 really should be.  Also toUPPER_LC and toFOLD_LC, which are subject to change,
1397 and aren't general purpose as they don't work on U+DF, and assert against that.
1398 
1399 Note that these macros are repeated in Devel::PPPort, so should also be
1400 patched there.  The file as of this writing is cpan/Devel-PPPort/parts/inc/misc
1401 
1402 */
1403 
1404 /*
1405    void below because that's the best fit, and works for Devel::PPPort
1406 =for apidoc_section $integer
1407 =for apidoc AyT||WIDEST_UTYPE
1408 
1409 Yields the widest unsigned integer type on the platform, currently either
1410 C<U32> or C<U64>.  This can be used in declarations such as
1411 
1412  WIDEST_UTYPE my_uv;
1413 
1414 or casts
1415 
1416  my_uv = (WIDEST_UTYPE) val;
1417 
1418 =cut
1419 
1420 */
1421 #ifdef QUADKIND
1422 #   define WIDEST_UTYPE U64
1423 #else
1424 #   define WIDEST_UTYPE U32
1425 #endif
1426 
1427 /* Where there could be some confusion, use this as a static assert in macros
1428  * to make sure that a parameter isn't a pointer.  But some compilers can't
1429  * handle this.  The only one known so far that doesn't is gcc 3.3.6; the check
1430  * below isn't thorough for such an old compiler, so may have to be revised if
1431  * experience so dictates. */
1432 #if  ! PERL_IS_GCC || PERL_GCC_VERSION_GT(3,3,6)
1433 #  define ASSERT_NOT_PTR(x) ((x) | 0)
1434 #else
1435 #  define ASSERT_NOT_PTR(x) (x)
1436 #endif
1437 
1438 /* FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) returns true if c doesn't have  a bit set other than in
1439  * the lower 8.  It is designed to be hopefully bomb-proof, making sure that no
1440  * bits of information are lost even on a 64-bit machine, but to get the
1441  * compiler to optimize it out if possible.  This is because Configure makes
1442  * sure that the machine has an 8-bit byte, so if c is stored in a byte, the
1443  * sizeof() guarantees that this evaluates to a constant true at compile time.
1444  *
1445  * For Coverity, be always true, because otherwise Coverity thinks
1446  * it finds several expressions that are always true, independent
1447  * of operands.  Well, they are, but that is kind of the point.
1448  */
1449 #ifndef __COVERITY__
1450   /* The '| 0' part in ASSERT_NOT_PTR ensures a compiler error if c is not
1451    * integer (like e.g., a pointer) */
1452 #  define FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) (   (sizeof(c) == 1)                            \
1453                              || (((WIDEST_UTYPE) ASSERT_NOT_PTR(c)) >> 8) == 0)
1454 #else
1455 #  define FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) (1)
1456 #endif
1457 
1458 /* Returns true if l <= c <= (l + n), where 'l' and 'n' are non-negative
1459  * Written this way so that after optimization, only one conditional test is
1460  * needed.  (The NV casts stop any warnings about comparison always being true
1461  * if called with an unsigned.  The cast preserves the sign, which is all we
1462  * care about.) */
1463 #define withinCOUNT(c, l, n)  (__ASSERT_((NV) (l) >= 0)                 \
1464                                __ASSERT_((NV) (n) >= 0)                 \
1465                                withinCOUNT_KNOWN_VALID_((c), (l), (n)))
1466 
1467 /* For internal use only, this can be used in places where it is known that the
1468  * parameters to withinCOUNT() are valid, to avoid the asserts.  For example,
1469  * inRANGE() below, calls this several times, but does all the necessary
1470  * asserts itself, once.  The reason that this is necessary is that the
1471  * duplicate asserts were exceeding the internal limits of some compilers */
1472 #define withinCOUNT_KNOWN_VALID_(c, l, n)                                   \
1473     ((((WIDEST_UTYPE) (c)) - ASSERT_NOT_PTR(l))                             \
1474                                    <= ((WIDEST_UTYPE) ASSERT_NOT_PTR(n)))
1475 
1476 /* Returns true if c is in the range l..u, where 'l' is non-negative
1477  * Written this way so that after optimization, only one conditional test is
1478  * needed. */
1479 #define inRANGE(c, l, u) (__ASSERT_((NV) (l) >= 0) __ASSERT_((u) >= (l))    \
1480    (  (sizeof(c) == sizeof(U8))  ? inRANGE_helper_(U8, (c), (l), ((u)))     \
1481     : (sizeof(c) == sizeof(U16)) ? inRANGE_helper_(U16,(c), (l), ((u)))     \
1482     : (sizeof(c) == sizeof(U32)) ? inRANGE_helper_(U32,(c), (l), ((u)))     \
1483              : (__ASSERT_(sizeof(c) == sizeof(WIDEST_UTYPE))                \
1484                           inRANGE_helper_(WIDEST_UTYPE,(c), (l), ((u))))))
1485 
1486 /* For internal use, this is used by machine-generated code which generates
1487  * known valid calls, with a known sizeof().  This avoids the extra code and
1488  * asserts that were exceeding internal limits of some compilers. */
1489 #define inRANGE_helper_(cast, c, l, u)                                      \
1490                     withinCOUNT_KNOWN_VALID_(((cast) (c)), (l), ((u) - (l)))
1491 
1492 #ifdef EBCDIC
1493 #   ifndef _ALL_SOURCE
1494         /* The native libc isascii() et.al. functions return the wrong results
1495          * on at least z/OS unless this is defined. */
1496 #       error   _ALL_SOURCE should probably be defined
1497 #   endif
1498 #else
1499     /* There is a simple definition of ASCII for ASCII platforms.  But the
1500      * EBCDIC one isn't so simple, so is defined using table look-up like the
1501      * other macros below.
1502      *
1503      * The cast here is used instead of '(c) >= 0', because some compilers emit
1504      * a warning that that test is always true when the parameter is an
1505      * unsigned type.  khw supposes that it could be written as
1506      *      && ((c) == '\0' || (c) > 0)
1507      * to avoid the message, but the cast will likely avoid extra branches even
1508      * with stupid compilers. */
1509 #   define isASCII(c)    (((WIDEST_UTYPE) ASSERT_NOT_PTR(c)) < 128)
1510 #endif
1511 
1512 /* Take the eight possible bit patterns of the lower 3 bits and you get the
1513  * lower 3 bits of the 8 octal digits, in both ASCII and EBCDIC, so those bits
1514  * can be ignored.  If the rest match '0', we have an octal */
1515 #define isOCTAL_A(c)  ((((WIDEST_UTYPE) ASSERT_NOT_PTR(c)) & ~7) == '0')
1516 
1517 #ifdef H_PERL       /* If have access to perl.h, lookup in its table */
1518 
1519 /* Character class numbers.  For internal core Perl use only.  The ones less
1520  * than 32 are used in PL_charclass[] and the ones up through the one that
1521  * corresponds to <_HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC> are used by regcomp.h and
1522  * related files.  PL_charclass ones use names used in l1_char_class_tab.h but
1523  * their actual definitions are here.  If that file has a name not used here,
1524  * it won't compile.
1525  *
1526  * The first group of these is ordered in what I (khw) estimate to be the
1527  * frequency of their use.  This gives a slight edge to exiting a loop earlier
1528  * (in reginclass() in regexec.c).  Except \v should be last, as it isn't a
1529  * real Posix character class, and some (small) inefficiencies in regular
1530  * expression handling would be introduced by putting it in the middle of those
1531  * that are.  Also, cntrl and ascii come after the others as it may be useful
1532  * to group these which have no members that match above Latin1, (or above
1533  * ASCII in the latter case) */
1534 
1535 #  define _CC_WORDCHAR           0      /* \w and [:word:] */
1536 #  define _CC_DIGIT              1      /* \d and [:digit:] */
1537 #  define _CC_ALPHA              2      /* [:alpha:] */
1538 #  define _CC_LOWER              3      /* [:lower:] */
1539 #  define _CC_UPPER              4      /* [:upper:] */
1540 #  define _CC_PUNCT              5      /* [:punct:] */
1541 #  define _CC_PRINT              6      /* [:print:] */
1542 #  define _CC_ALPHANUMERIC       7      /* [:alnum:] */
1543 #  define _CC_GRAPH              8      /* [:graph:] */
1544 #  define _CC_CASED              9      /* [:lower:] or [:upper:] under /i */
1545 #  define _CC_SPACE             10      /* \s, [:space:] */
1546 #  define _CC_BLANK             11      /* [:blank:] */
1547 #  define _CC_XDIGIT            12      /* [:xdigit:] */
1548 #  define _CC_CNTRL             13      /* [:cntrl:] */
1549 #  define _CC_ASCII             14      /* [:ascii:] */
1550 #  define _CC_VERTSPACE         15      /* \v */
1551 
1552 #  define _HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC _CC_VERTSPACE
1553 
1554 /* The members of the third group below do not need to be coordinated with data
1555  * structures in regcomp.[ch] and regexec.c. */
1556 #  define _CC_IDFIRST                  16
1557 #  define _CC_CHARNAME_CONT            17
1558 #  define _CC_NONLATIN1_FOLD           18
1559 #  define _CC_NONLATIN1_SIMPLE_FOLD    19
1560 #  define _CC_QUOTEMETA                20
1561 #  define _CC_NON_FINAL_FOLD           21
1562 #  define _CC_IS_IN_SOME_FOLD          22
1563 #  define _CC_BINDIGIT                 23
1564 #  define _CC_OCTDIGIT                 24
1565 #  define _CC_MNEMONIC_CNTRL           25
1566 
1567 /* Unused: 26-31
1568  * If more bits are needed, one could add a second word for non-64bit
1569  * QUAD_IS_INT systems, using some #ifdefs to distinguish between having a 2nd
1570  * word or not.  The IS_IN_SOME_FOLD bit is the most easily expendable, as it
1571  * is used only for optimization (as of this writing), and differs in the
1572  * Latin1 range from the ALPHA bit only in two relatively unimportant
1573  * characters: the masculine and feminine ordinal indicators, so removing it
1574  * would just cause /i regexes which match them to run less efficiently.
1575  * Similarly the EBCDIC-only bits are used just for speed, and could be
1576  * replaced by other means */
1577 
1578 #if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
1579 /* An enum version of the character class numbers, to help compilers
1580  * optimize */
1581 typedef enum {
1582     _CC_ENUM_ALPHA          = _CC_ALPHA,
1583     _CC_ENUM_ALPHANUMERIC   = _CC_ALPHANUMERIC,
1584     _CC_ENUM_ASCII          = _CC_ASCII,
1585     _CC_ENUM_BLANK          = _CC_BLANK,
1586     _CC_ENUM_CASED          = _CC_CASED,
1587     _CC_ENUM_CNTRL          = _CC_CNTRL,
1588     _CC_ENUM_DIGIT          = _CC_DIGIT,
1589     _CC_ENUM_GRAPH          = _CC_GRAPH,
1590     _CC_ENUM_LOWER          = _CC_LOWER,
1591     _CC_ENUM_PRINT          = _CC_PRINT,
1592     _CC_ENUM_PUNCT          = _CC_PUNCT,
1593     _CC_ENUM_SPACE          = _CC_SPACE,
1594     _CC_ENUM_UPPER          = _CC_UPPER,
1595     _CC_ENUM_VERTSPACE      = _CC_VERTSPACE,
1596     _CC_ENUM_WORDCHAR       = _CC_WORDCHAR,
1597     _CC_ENUM_XDIGIT         = _CC_XDIGIT
1598 } _char_class_number;
1599 #endif
1600 
1601 #define POSIX_CC_COUNT    (_HIGHEST_REGCOMP_DOT_H_SYNC + 1)
1602 
1603 START_EXTERN_C
1604 #  ifdef DOINIT
1605 EXTCONST  U32 PL_charclass[] = {
1606 #    include "l1_char_class_tab.h"
1607 };
1608 
1609 #  else /* ! DOINIT */
1610 EXTCONST U32 PL_charclass[];
1611 #  endif
1612 END_EXTERN_C
1613 
1614     /* The 1U keeps Solaris from griping when shifting sets the uppermost bit */
1615 #   define _CC_mask(classnum) (1U << (classnum))
1616 
1617     /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macro for defining macros like
1618      * isALPHA */
1619 #   define _generic_isCC(c, classnum) cBOOL(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)    \
1620                 && (PL_charclass[(U8) (c)] & _CC_mask(classnum)))
1621 
1622     /* The mask for the _A versions of the macros; it just adds in the bit for
1623      * ASCII. */
1624 #   define _CC_mask_A(classnum) (_CC_mask(classnum) | _CC_mask(_CC_ASCII))
1625 
1626     /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macro for defining macros like
1627      * isALPHA_A.  The foo_A version makes sure that both the desired bit and
1628      * the ASCII bit are present */
1629 #   define _generic_isCC_A(c, classnum) (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)      \
1630         && ((PL_charclass[(U8) (c)] & _CC_mask_A(classnum))     \
1631                                    == _CC_mask_A(classnum)))
1632 
1633 /* On ASCII platforms certain classes form a single range.  It's faster to
1634  * special case these.  isDIGIT is a single range on all platforms */
1635 #   ifdef EBCDIC
1636 #     define isALPHA_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_ALPHA)
1637 #     define isGRAPH_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_GRAPH)
1638 #     define isLOWER_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_LOWER)
1639 #     define isPRINT_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_PRINT)
1640 #     define isUPPER_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_UPPER)
1641 #   else
1642       /* By folding the upper and lowercase, we can use a single range */
1643 #     define isALPHA_A(c)  inRANGE((~('A' ^ 'a') & (c)), 'A', 'Z')
1644 #     define isGRAPH_A(c)  inRANGE(c, ' ' + 1, 0x7e)
1645 #     define isLOWER_A(c)  inRANGE(c, 'a', 'z')
1646 #     define isPRINT_A(c)  inRANGE(c, ' ', 0x7e)
1647 #     define isUPPER_A(c)  inRANGE(c, 'A', 'Z')
1648 #   endif
1649 #   define isALPHANUMERIC_A(c) _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_ALPHANUMERIC)
1650 #   define isBLANK_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_BLANK)
1651 #   define isCNTRL_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_CNTRL)
1652 #   define isDIGIT_A(c)  inRANGE(c, '0', '9')
1653 #   define isPUNCT_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_PUNCT)
1654 #   define isSPACE_A(c)  _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_SPACE)
1655 #   define isWORDCHAR_A(c) _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_WORDCHAR)
1656 #   define isXDIGIT_A(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_XDIGIT) /* No non-ASCII xdigits
1657                                                         */
1658 #   define isIDFIRST_A(c) _generic_isCC_A(c, _CC_IDFIRST)
1659 #   define isALPHA_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_ALPHA)
1660 #   define isALPHANUMERIC_L1(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_ALPHANUMERIC)
1661 #   define isBLANK_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_BLANK)
1662 
1663     /* continuation character for legal NAME in \N{NAME} */
1664 #   define isCHARNAME_CONT(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_CHARNAME_CONT)
1665 
1666 #   define isCNTRL_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_CNTRL)
1667 #   define isGRAPH_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_GRAPH)
1668 #   define isLOWER_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_LOWER)
1669 #   define isPRINT_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_PRINT)
1670 #   define isPSXSPC_L1(c)  isSPACE_L1(c)
1671 #   define isPUNCT_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_PUNCT)
1672 #   define isSPACE_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_SPACE)
1673 #   define isUPPER_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_UPPER)
1674 #   define isWORDCHAR_L1(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_WORDCHAR)
1675 #   define isIDFIRST_L1(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_IDFIRST)
1676 
1677 #   ifdef EBCDIC
1678 #       define isASCII(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_ASCII)
1679 #   endif
1680 
1681     /* Participates in a single-character fold with a character above 255 */
1682 #   if defined(PERL_IN_REGCOMP_C) || defined(PERL_IN_REGEXEC_C)
1683 #     define HAS_NONLATIN1_SIMPLE_FOLD_CLOSURE(c)                          \
1684         ((   ! cBOOL(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)))                                    \
1685           || (PL_charclass[(U8) (c)] & _CC_mask(_CC_NONLATIN1_SIMPLE_FOLD)))
1686 
1687 #   define IS_NON_FINAL_FOLD(c)   _generic_isCC(c, _CC_NON_FINAL_FOLD)
1688 #   define IS_IN_SOME_FOLD_L1(c)  _generic_isCC(c, _CC_IS_IN_SOME_FOLD)
1689 #  endif
1690 
1691     /* Like the above, but also can be part of a multi-char fold */
1692 #   define HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE(c)                                    \
1693       (   (! cBOOL(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)))                                      \
1694        || (PL_charclass[(U8) (c)] & _CC_mask(_CC_NONLATIN1_FOLD)))
1695 
1696 #   define _isQUOTEMETA(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_QUOTEMETA)
1697 
1698 /* is c a control character for which we have a mnemonic? */
1699 #  if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
1700 #     define isMNEMONIC_CNTRL(c) _generic_isCC(c, _CC_MNEMONIC_CNTRL)
1701 #  endif
1702 #else   /* else we don't have perl.h H_PERL */
1703 
1704     /* If we don't have perl.h, we are compiling a utility program.  Below we
1705      * hard-code various macro definitions that wouldn't otherwise be available
1706      * to it. Most are coded based on first principles.  These are written to
1707      * avoid EBCDIC vs. ASCII #ifdef's as much as possible. */
1708 #   define isDIGIT_A(c)  inRANGE(c, '0', '9')
1709 #   define isBLANK_A(c)  ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
1710 #   define isSPACE_A(c)  (isBLANK_A(c)                                   \
1711                           || (c) == '\n'                                 \
1712                           || (c) == '\r'                                 \
1713                           || (c) == '\v'                                 \
1714                           || (c) == '\f')
1715     /* On EBCDIC, there are gaps between 'i' and 'j'; 'r' and 's'.  Same for
1716      * uppercase.  The tests for those aren't necessary on ASCII, but hurt only
1717      * performance (if optimization isn't on), and allow the same code to be
1718      * used for both platform types */
1719 #   define isLOWER_A(c)  inRANGE((c), 'a', 'i')                         \
1720                       || inRANGE((c), 'j', 'r')                         \
1721                       || inRANGE((c), 's', 'z')
1722 #   define isUPPER_A(c)  inRANGE((c), 'A', 'I')                         \
1723                       || inRANGE((c), 'J', 'R')                         \
1724                       || inRANGE((c), 'S', 'Z')
1725 #   define isALPHA_A(c)  (isUPPER_A(c) || isLOWER_A(c))
1726 #   define isALPHANUMERIC_A(c) (isALPHA_A(c) || isDIGIT_A(c))
1727 #   define isWORDCHAR_A(c)   (isALPHANUMERIC_A(c) || (c) == '_')
1728 #   define isIDFIRST_A(c)    (isALPHA_A(c) || (c) == '_')
1729 #   define isXDIGIT_A(c) (   isDIGIT_A(c)                               \
1730                           || inRANGE((c), 'a', 'f')                     \
1731                           || inRANGE((c), 'A', 'F')
1732 #   define isPUNCT_A(c)  ((c) == '-' || (c) == '!' || (c) == '"'        \
1733                        || (c) == '#' || (c) == '$' || (c) == '%'        \
1734                        || (c) == '&' || (c) == '\'' || (c) == '('       \
1735                        || (c) == ')' || (c) == '*' || (c) == '+'        \
1736                        || (c) == ',' || (c) == '.' || (c) == '/'        \
1737                        || (c) == ':' || (c) == ';' || (c) == '<'        \
1738                        || (c) == '=' || (c) == '>' || (c) == '?'        \
1739                        || (c) == '@' || (c) == '[' || (c) == '\\'       \
1740                        || (c) == ']' || (c) == '^' || (c) == '_'        \
1741                        || (c) == '`' || (c) == '{' || (c) == '|'        \
1742                        || (c) == '}' || (c) == '~')
1743 #   define isGRAPH_A(c)  (isALPHANUMERIC_A(c) || isPUNCT_A(c))
1744 #   define isPRINT_A(c)  (isGRAPH_A(c) || (c) == ' ')
1745 
1746 #   ifdef EBCDIC
1747         /* The below is accurate for the 3 EBCDIC code pages traditionally
1748          * supported by perl.  The only difference between them in the controls
1749          * is the position of \n, and that is represented symbolically below */
1750 #       define isCNTRL_A(c)  ((c) == '\0' || (c) == '\a' || (c) == '\b'     \
1751                           ||  (c) == '\f' || (c) == '\n' || (c) == '\r'     \
1752                           ||  (c) == '\t' || (c) == '\v'                    \
1753                           || inRANGE((c), 1, 3)     /* SOH, STX, ETX */     \
1754                           ||  (c) == 7F   /* U+7F DEL */                    \
1755                           || inRANGE((c), 0x0E, 0x13) /* SO SI DLE          \
1756                                                          DC[1-3] */         \
1757                           ||  (c) == 0x18 /* U+18 CAN */                    \
1758                           ||  (c) == 0x19 /* U+19 EOM */                    \
1759                           || inRANGE((c), 0x1C, 0x1F) /* [FGRU]S */         \
1760                           ||  (c) == 0x26 /* U+17 ETB */                    \
1761                           ||  (c) == 0x27 /* U+1B ESC */                    \
1762                           ||  (c) == 0x2D /* U+05 ENQ */                    \
1763                           ||  (c) == 0x2E /* U+06 ACK */                    \
1764                           ||  (c) == 0x32 /* U+16 SYN */                    \
1765                           ||  (c) == 0x37 /* U+04 EOT */                    \
1766                           ||  (c) == 0x3C /* U+14 DC4 */                    \
1767                           ||  (c) == 0x3D /* U+15 NAK */                    \
1768                           ||  (c) == 0x3F)/* U+1A SUB */
1769 #       define isASCII(c)    (isCNTRL_A(c) || isPRINT_A(c))
1770 #   else /* isASCII is already defined for ASCII platforms, so can use that to
1771             define isCNTRL */
1772 #       define isCNTRL_A(c)  (isASCII(c) && ! isPRINT_A(c))
1773 #   endif
1774 
1775     /* The _L1 macros may be unnecessary for the utilities; I (khw) added them
1776      * during debugging, and it seems best to keep them.  We may be called
1777      * without NATIVE_TO_LATIN1 being defined.  On ASCII platforms, it doesn't
1778      * do anything anyway, so make it not a problem */
1779 #   if ! defined(EBCDIC) && ! defined(NATIVE_TO_LATIN1)
1780 #       define NATIVE_TO_LATIN1(ch) (ch)
1781 #   endif
1782 #   define isALPHA_L1(c)     (isUPPER_L1(c) || isLOWER_L1(c))
1783 #   define isALPHANUMERIC_L1(c) (isALPHA_L1(c) || isDIGIT_A(c))
1784 #   define isBLANK_L1(c)     (isBLANK_A(c)                                   \
1785                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1786                                   && NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xA0))
1787 #   define isCNTRL_L1(c)     (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && (! isPRINT_L1(c)))
1788 #   define isGRAPH_L1(c)     (isPRINT_L1(c) && (! isBLANK_L1(c)))
1789 #   define isLOWER_L1(c)     (isLOWER_A(c)                                   \
1790                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1791                                   && ((   NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) >= 0xDF   \
1792                                        && NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) != 0xF7)  \
1793                                        || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xAA   \
1794                                        || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xBA   \
1795                                        || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xB5)))
1796 #   define isPRINT_L1(c)     (isPRINT_A(c)                                   \
1797                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1798                                   && NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) >= 0xA0))
1799 #   define isPUNCT_L1(c)     (isPUNCT_A(c)                                   \
1800                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1801                                   && (   NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xA1    \
1802                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xA7    \
1803                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xAB    \
1804                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xB6    \
1805                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xB7    \
1806                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xBB    \
1807                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xBF)))
1808 #   define isSPACE_L1(c)     (isSPACE_A(c)                                   \
1809                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1810                                   && (   NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0x85    \
1811                                       || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) == 0xA0)))
1812 #   define isUPPER_L1(c)     (isUPPER_A(c)                                   \
1813                               || (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                          \
1814                                   && (   IN_RANGE(NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c),  \
1815                                                   0xC0, 0xDE)                \
1816                                       && NATIVE_TO_LATIN1((U8) c) != 0xD7)))
1817 #   define isWORDCHAR_L1(c)  (isIDFIRST_L1(c) || isDIGIT_A(c))
1818 #   define isIDFIRST_L1(c)   (isALPHA_L1(c) || NATIVE_TO_LATIN1(c) == '_')
1819 #   define isCHARNAME_CONT(c) (isWORDCHAR_L1(c)                              \
1820                                || isBLANK_L1(c)                              \
1821                                || (c) == '-'                                 \
1822                                || (c) == '('                                 \
1823                                || (c) == ')')
1824     /* The following are not fully accurate in the above-ASCII range.  I (khw)
1825      * don't think it's necessary to be so for the purposes where this gets
1826      * compiled */
1827 #   define _isQUOTEMETA(c)      (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && ! isWORDCHAR_L1(c))
1828 #   define _IS_IN_SOME_FOLD_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C(c) isALPHA_L1(c)
1829 
1830     /*  And these aren't accurate at all.  They are useful only for above
1831      *  Latin1, which utilities and bootstrapping don't deal with */
1832 #   define _IS_NON_FINAL_FOLD_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C(c) 0
1833 #   define _HAS_NONLATIN1_SIMPLE_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(c) 0
1834 #   define _HAS_NONLATIN1_FOLD_CLOSURE_ONLY_FOR_USE_BY_REGCOMP_DOT_C_AND_REGEXEC_DOT_C(c) 0
1835 
1836     /* Many of the macros later in this file are defined in terms of these.  By
1837      * implementing them with a function, which converts the class number into
1838      * a call to the desired macro, all of the later ones work.  However, that
1839      * function won't be actually defined when building a utility program (no
1840      * perl.h), and so a compiler error will be generated if one is attempted
1841      * to be used.  And the above-Latin1 code points require Unicode tables to
1842      * be present, something unlikely to be the case when bootstrapping */
1843 #   define _generic_isCC(c, classnum)                                        \
1844          (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && S_bootstrap_ctype((U8) (c), (classnum), TRUE))
1845 #   define _generic_isCC_A(c, classnum)                                      \
1846          (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && S_bootstrap_ctype((U8) (c), (classnum), FALSE))
1847 #endif  /* End of no perl.h H_PERL */
1848 
1849 #define isALPHANUMERIC(c)  isALPHANUMERIC_A(c)
1850 #define isALPHA(c)   isALPHA_A(c)
1851 #define isASCII_A(c)  isASCII(c)
1852 #define isASCII_L1(c)  isASCII(c)
1853 #define isBLANK(c)   isBLANK_A(c)
1854 #define isCNTRL(c)   isCNTRL_A(c)
1855 #define isDIGIT(c)   isDIGIT_A(c)
1856 #define isGRAPH(c)   isGRAPH_A(c)
1857 #define isIDFIRST(c) isIDFIRST_A(c)
1858 #define isLOWER(c)   isLOWER_A(c)
1859 #define isPRINT(c)   isPRINT_A(c)
1860 #define isPSXSPC_A(c) isSPACE_A(c)
1861 #define isPSXSPC(c)  isPSXSPC_A(c)
1862 #define isPSXSPC_L1(c) isSPACE_L1(c)
1863 #define isPUNCT(c)   isPUNCT_A(c)
1864 #define isSPACE(c)   isSPACE_A(c)
1865 #define isUPPER(c)   isUPPER_A(c)
1866 #define isWORDCHAR(c) isWORDCHAR_A(c)
1867 #define isXDIGIT(c)  isXDIGIT_A(c)
1868 
1869 /* ASCII casing.  These could also be written as
1870     #define toLOWER(c) (isASCII(c) ? toLOWER_LATIN1(c) : (c))
1871     #define toUPPER(c) (isASCII(c) ? toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(c) : (c))
1872    which uses table lookup and mask instead of subtraction.  (This would
1873    work because the _MOD does not apply in the ASCII range).
1874 
1875    These actually are UTF-8 invariant casing, not just ASCII, as any non-ASCII
1876    UTF-8 invariants are neither upper nor lower.  (Only on EBCDIC platforms are
1877    there non-ASCII invariants, and all of them are controls.) */
1878 #define toLOWER(c)  (isUPPER(c) ? (U8)((c) + ('a' - 'A')) : (c))
1879 #define toUPPER(c)  (isLOWER(c) ? (U8)((c) - ('a' - 'A')) : (c))
1880 
1881 /* In the ASCII range, these are equivalent to what they're here defined to be.
1882  * But by creating these definitions, other code doesn't have to be aware of
1883  * this detail.  Actually this works for all UTF-8 invariants, not just the
1884  * ASCII range. (EBCDIC platforms can have non-ASCII invariants.) */
1885 #define toFOLD(c)    toLOWER(c)
1886 #define toTITLE(c)   toUPPER(c)
1887 
1888 #define toLOWER_A(c) toLOWER(c)
1889 #define toUPPER_A(c) toUPPER(c)
1890 #define toFOLD_A(c)  toFOLD(c)
1891 #define toTITLE_A(c) toTITLE(c)
1892 
1893 /* Use table lookup for speed; returns the input itself if is out-of-range */
1894 #define toLOWER_LATIN1(c)    ((! FITS_IN_8_BITS(c))                        \
1895                              ? (c)                                         \
1896                              : PL_latin1_lc[ (U8) (c) ])
1897 #define toLOWER_L1(c)    toLOWER_LATIN1(c)  /* Synonym for consistency */
1898 
1899 /* Modified uc.  Is correct uc except for three non-ascii chars which are
1900  * all mapped to one of them, and these need special handling; returns the
1901  * input itself if is out-of-range */
1902 #define toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(c) ((! FITS_IN_8_BITS(c))                       \
1903                                ? (c)                                       \
1904                                : PL_mod_latin1_uc[ (U8) (c) ])
1905 #define IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale
1906 
1907 /* Use foo_LC_uvchr() instead  of these for beyond the Latin1 range */
1908 
1909 /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macro for defining macros like
1910  * isALPHA_LC, which uses the current LC_CTYPE locale.  'c' is the code point
1911  * (0-255) to check.  In a UTF-8 locale, the result is the same as calling
1912  * isFOO_L1(); the 'utf8_locale_classnum' parameter is something like
1913  * _CC_UPPER, which gives the class number for doing this.  For non-UTF-8
1914  * locales, the code to actually do the test this is passed in 'non_utf8'.  If
1915  * 'c' is above 255, 0 is returned.  For accessing the full range of possible
1916  * code points under locale rules, use the macros based on _generic_LC_uvchr
1917  * instead of this. */
1918 #define _generic_LC_base(c, utf8_locale_classnum, non_utf8)                    \
1919            (! FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                                                \
1920            ? 0                                                                 \
1921            : IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE                                              \
1922              ? cBOOL(PL_charclass[(U8) (c)] & _CC_mask(utf8_locale_classnum))  \
1923              : cBOOL(non_utf8))
1924 
1925 /* For internal core Perl use only: a helper macro for defining macros like
1926  * isALPHA_LC.  'c' is the code point (0-255) to check.  The function name to
1927  * actually do this test is passed in 'non_utf8_func', which is called on 'c',
1928  * casting 'c' to the macro _LC_CAST, which should not be parenthesized.  See
1929  * _generic_LC_base for more info */
1930 #define _generic_LC(c, utf8_locale_classnum, non_utf8_func)                    \
1931                         _generic_LC_base(c,utf8_locale_classnum,               \
1932                                          non_utf8_func( (_LC_CAST) (c)))
1933 
1934 /* For internal core Perl use only: like _generic_LC, but also returns TRUE if
1935  * 'c' is the platform's native underscore character */
1936 #define _generic_LC_underscore(c,utf8_locale_classnum,non_utf8_func)           \
1937                         _generic_LC_base(c, utf8_locale_classnum,              \
1938                                          (non_utf8_func( (_LC_CAST) (c))       \
1939                                           || (char)(c) == '_'))
1940 
1941 /* These next three are also for internal core Perl use only: case-change
1942  * helper macros.  The reason for using the PL_latin arrays is in case the
1943  * system function is defective; it ensures uniform results that conform to the
1944  * Unicod standard.   It does not handle the anomalies in UTF-8 Turkic locales */
1945 #define _generic_toLOWER_LC(c, function, cast)  (! FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)           \
1946                                                 ? (c)                          \
1947                                                 : (IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE)       \
1948                                                   ? PL_latin1_lc[ (U8) (c) ]   \
1949                                                   : (cast)function((cast)(c)))
1950 
1951 /* Note that the result can be larger than a byte in a UTF-8 locale.  It
1952  * returns a single value, so can't adequately return the upper case of LATIN
1953  * SMALL LETTER SHARP S in a UTF-8 locale (which should be a string of two
1954  * values "SS");  instead it asserts against that under DEBUGGING, and
1955  * otherwise returns its input.  It does not handle the anomalies in UTF-8
1956  * Turkic locales. */
1957 #define _generic_toUPPER_LC(c, function, cast)                                 \
1958                     (! FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)                                       \
1959                     ? (c)                                                      \
1960                     : ((! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE)                                \
1961                       ? (cast)function((cast)(c))                              \
1962                       : ((((U8)(c)) == MICRO_SIGN)                             \
1963                         ? GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_MU                              \
1964                         : ((((U8)(c)) == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS)  \
1965                           ? LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS              \
1966                           : ((((U8)(c)) == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S)         \
1967                             ? (__ASSERT_(0) (c))                               \
1968                             : PL_mod_latin1_uc[ (U8) (c) ])))))
1969 
1970 /* Note that the result can be larger than a byte in a UTF-8 locale.  It
1971  * returns a single value, so can't adequately return the fold case of LATIN
1972  * SMALL LETTER SHARP S in a UTF-8 locale (which should be a string of two
1973  * values "ss"); instead it asserts against that under DEBUGGING, and
1974  * otherwise returns its input.  It does not handle the anomalies in UTF-8
1975  * Turkic locales */
1976 #define _generic_toFOLD_LC(c, function, cast)                                  \
1977                     ((UNLIKELY((c) == MICRO_SIGN) && IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE)     \
1978                       ? GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_MU                                  \
1979                       : (__ASSERT_(! IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE                      \
1980                                    || (c) != LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S)       \
1981                          _generic_toLOWER_LC(c, function, cast)))
1982 
1983 /* Use the libc versions for these if available. */
1984 #if defined(HAS_ISASCII)
1985 #   define isASCII_LC(c) (FITS_IN_8_BITS(c) && isascii( (U8) (c)))
1986 #else
1987 #   define isASCII_LC(c) isASCII(c)
1988 #endif
1989 
1990 #if defined(HAS_ISBLANK)
1991 #   define isBLANK_LC(c) _generic_LC(c, _CC_BLANK, isblank)
1992 #else /* Unlike isASCII, varies if in a UTF-8 locale */
1993 #   define isBLANK_LC(c) ((IN_UTF8_CTYPE_LOCALE) ? isBLANK_L1(c) : isBLANK(c))
1994 #endif
1995 
1996 #define _LC_CAST U8
1997 
1998 #ifdef WIN32
1999     /* The Windows functions don't bother to follow the POSIX standard, which
2000      * for example says that something can't both be a printable and a control.
2001      * But Windows treats the \t control as a printable, and does such things
2002      * as making superscripts into both digits and punctuation.  This tames
2003      * these flaws by assuming that the definitions of both controls and space
2004      * are correct, and then making sure that other definitions don't have
2005      * weirdnesses, by making sure that isalnum() isn't also ispunct(), etc.
2006      * Not all possible weirdnesses are checked for, just the ones that were
2007      * detected on actual Microsoft code pages */
2008 
2009 #  define isCNTRL_LC(c)  _generic_LC(c, _CC_CNTRL, iscntrl)
2010 #  define isSPACE_LC(c)  _generic_LC(c, _CC_SPACE, isspace)
2011 
2012 #  define isALPHA_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_ALPHA, isalpha)                  \
2013                                                     && isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c))
2014 #  define isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_ALPHANUMERIC, isalnum) && \
2015                                                               ! isPUNCT_LC(c))
2016 #  define isDIGIT_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_DIGIT, isdigit) &&               \
2017                                                          isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c))
2018 #  define isGRAPH_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_GRAPH, isgraph) && isPRINT_LC(c))
2019 #  define isIDFIRST_LC(c) (((c) == '_')                                       \
2020                  || (_generic_LC(c, _CC_IDFIRST, isalpha) && ! isPUNCT_LC(c)))
2021 #  define isLOWER_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_LOWER, islower) && isALPHA_LC(c))
2022 #  define isPRINT_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_PRINT, isprint) && ! isCNTRL_LC(c))
2023 #  define isPUNCT_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_PUNCT, ispunct) && ! isCNTRL_LC(c))
2024 #  define isUPPER_LC(c)  (_generic_LC(c, _CC_UPPER, isupper) && isALPHA_LC(c))
2025 #  define isWORDCHAR_LC(c) (((c) == '_') || isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c))
2026 #  define isXDIGIT_LC(c) (_generic_LC(c, _CC_XDIGIT, isxdigit)                \
2027                                                     && isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c))
2028 
2029 #  define toLOWER_LC(c) _generic_toLOWER_LC((c), tolower, U8)
2030 #  define toUPPER_LC(c) _generic_toUPPER_LC((c), toupper, U8)
2031 #  define toFOLD_LC(c)  _generic_toFOLD_LC((c), tolower, U8)
2032 
2033 #elif defined(CTYPE256) || (!defined(isascii) && !defined(HAS_ISASCII))
2034     /* For most other platforms */
2035 
2036 #  define isALPHA_LC(c)   _generic_LC(c, _CC_ALPHA, isalpha)
2037 #  define isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c)  _generic_LC(c, _CC_ALPHANUMERIC, isalnum)
2038 #  define isCNTRL_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_CNTRL, iscntrl)
2039 #  define isDIGIT_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_DIGIT, isdigit)
2040 #  define isGRAPH_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_GRAPH, isgraph)
2041 #  define isIDFIRST_LC(c)  _generic_LC_underscore(c, _CC_IDFIRST, isalpha)
2042 #  define isLOWER_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_LOWER, islower)
2043 #  define isPRINT_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_PRINT, isprint)
2044 #  define isPUNCT_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_PUNCT, ispunct)
2045 #  define isSPACE_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_SPACE, isspace)
2046 #  define isUPPER_LC(c)    _generic_LC(c, _CC_UPPER, isupper)
2047 #  define isWORDCHAR_LC(c) _generic_LC_underscore(c, _CC_WORDCHAR, isalnum)
2048 #  define isXDIGIT_LC(c)   _generic_LC(c, _CC_XDIGIT, isxdigit)
2049 
2050 
2051 #  define toLOWER_LC(c) _generic_toLOWER_LC((c), tolower, U8)
2052 #  define toUPPER_LC(c) _generic_toUPPER_LC((c), toupper, U8)
2053 #  define toFOLD_LC(c)  _generic_toFOLD_LC((c), tolower, U8)
2054 
2055 #else  /* The final fallback position */
2056 
2057 #  define isALPHA_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isalpha(c))
2058 #  define isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c)  (isascii(c) && isalnum(c))
2059 #  define isCNTRL_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && iscntrl(c))
2060 #  define isDIGIT_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isdigit(c))
2061 #  define isGRAPH_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isgraph(c))
2062 #  define isIDFIRST_LC(c)	(isascii(c) && (isalpha(c) || (c) == '_'))
2063 #  define isLOWER_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && islower(c))
2064 #  define isPRINT_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isprint(c))
2065 #  define isPUNCT_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && ispunct(c))
2066 #  define isSPACE_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isspace(c))
2067 #  define isUPPER_LC(c)	        (isascii(c) && isupper(c))
2068 #  define isWORDCHAR_LC(c)	(isascii(c) && (isalnum(c) || (c) == '_'))
2069 #  define isXDIGIT_LC(c)        (isascii(c) && isxdigit(c))
2070 
2071 #  define toLOWER_LC(c)	(isascii(c) ? tolower(c) : (c))
2072 #  define toUPPER_LC(c)	(isascii(c) ? toupper(c) : (c))
2073 #  define toFOLD_LC(c)	(isascii(c) ? tolower(c) : (c))
2074 
2075 #endif
2076 
2077 #define isIDCONT(c)             isWORDCHAR(c)
2078 #define isIDCONT_A(c)           isWORDCHAR_A(c)
2079 #define isIDCONT_L1(c)	        isWORDCHAR_L1(c)
2080 #define isIDCONT_LC(c)	        isWORDCHAR_LC(c)
2081 #define isPSXSPC_LC(c)		isSPACE_LC(c)
2082 
2083 /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macros for defining macros like
2084  * isALPHA_uvchr.  'c' is the code point to check.  'classnum' is the POSIX class
2085  * number defined earlier in this file.  _generic_uvchr() is used for POSIX
2086  * classes where there is a macro or function 'above_latin1' that takes the
2087  * single argument 'c' and returns the desired value.  These exist for those
2088  * classes which have simple definitions, avoiding the overhead of an inversion
2089  * list binary search.  _generic_invlist_uvchr() can be used
2090  * for classes where that overhead is faster than a direct lookup.
2091  * _generic_uvchr() won't compile if 'c' isn't unsigned, as it won't match the
2092  * 'above_latin1' prototype. _generic_isCC() macro does bounds checking, so
2093  * have duplicate checks here, so could create versions of the macros that
2094  * don't, but experiments show that gcc optimizes them out anyway. */
2095 
2096 /* Note that all ignore 'use bytes' */
2097 #define _generic_uvchr(classnum, above_latin1, c) ((c) < 256                \
2098                                              ? _generic_isCC(c, classnum)   \
2099                                              : above_latin1(c))
2100 #define _generic_invlist_uvchr(classnum, c) ((c) < 256                        \
2101                                              ? _generic_isCC(c, classnum)   \
2102                                              : _is_uni_FOO(classnum, c))
2103 #define isALPHA_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_ALPHA, c)
2104 #define isALPHANUMERIC_uvchr(c) _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_ALPHANUMERIC, c)
2105 #define isASCII_uvchr(c)      isASCII(c)
2106 #define isBLANK_uvchr(c)      _generic_uvchr(_CC_BLANK, is_HORIZWS_cp_high, c)
2107 #define isCNTRL_uvchr(c)      isCNTRL_L1(c) /* All controls are in Latin1 */
2108 #define isDIGIT_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_DIGIT, c)
2109 #define isGRAPH_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_GRAPH, c)
2110 #define isIDCONT_uvchr(c)                                                   \
2111                     _generic_uvchr(_CC_WORDCHAR, _is_uni_perl_idcont, c)
2112 #define isIDFIRST_uvchr(c)                                                  \
2113                     _generic_uvchr(_CC_IDFIRST, _is_uni_perl_idstart, c)
2114 #define isLOWER_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_LOWER, c)
2115 #define isPRINT_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_PRINT, c)
2116 
2117 #define isPUNCT_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_PUNCT, c)
2118 #define isSPACE_uvchr(c)      _generic_uvchr(_CC_SPACE, is_XPERLSPACE_cp_high, c)
2119 #define isPSXSPC_uvchr(c)     isSPACE_uvchr(c)
2120 
2121 #define isUPPER_uvchr(c)      _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_UPPER, c)
2122 #define isVERTWS_uvchr(c)     _generic_uvchr(_CC_VERTSPACE, is_VERTWS_cp_high, c)
2123 #define isWORDCHAR_uvchr(c)   _generic_invlist_uvchr(_CC_WORDCHAR, c)
2124 #define isXDIGIT_uvchr(c)     _generic_uvchr(_CC_XDIGIT, is_XDIGIT_cp_high, c)
2125 
2126 #define toFOLD_uvchr(c,s,l)	to_uni_fold(c,s,l)
2127 #define toLOWER_uvchr(c,s,l)	to_uni_lower(c,s,l)
2128 #define toTITLE_uvchr(c,s,l)	to_uni_title(c,s,l)
2129 #define toUPPER_uvchr(c,s,l)	to_uni_upper(c,s,l)
2130 
2131 /* For backwards compatibility, even though '_uni' should mean official Unicode
2132  * code points, in Perl it means native for those below 256 */
2133 #define isALPHA_uni(c)          isALPHA_uvchr(c)
2134 #define isALPHANUMERIC_uni(c)   isALPHANUMERIC_uvchr(c)
2135 #define isASCII_uni(c)          isASCII_uvchr(c)
2136 #define isBLANK_uni(c)          isBLANK_uvchr(c)
2137 #define isCNTRL_uni(c)          isCNTRL_uvchr(c)
2138 #define isDIGIT_uni(c)          isDIGIT_uvchr(c)
2139 #define isGRAPH_uni(c)          isGRAPH_uvchr(c)
2140 #define isIDCONT_uni(c)         isIDCONT_uvchr(c)
2141 #define isIDFIRST_uni(c)        isIDFIRST_uvchr(c)
2142 #define isLOWER_uni(c)          isLOWER_uvchr(c)
2143 #define isPRINT_uni(c)          isPRINT_uvchr(c)
2144 #define isPUNCT_uni(c)          isPUNCT_uvchr(c)
2145 #define isSPACE_uni(c)          isSPACE_uvchr(c)
2146 #define isPSXSPC_uni(c)         isPSXSPC_uvchr(c)
2147 #define isUPPER_uni(c)          isUPPER_uvchr(c)
2148 #define isVERTWS_uni(c)         isVERTWS_uvchr(c)
2149 #define isWORDCHAR_uni(c)       isWORDCHAR_uvchr(c)
2150 #define isXDIGIT_uni(c)         isXDIGIT_uvchr(c)
2151 #define toFOLD_uni(c,s,l)       toFOLD_uvchr(c,s,l)
2152 #define toLOWER_uni(c,s,l)      toLOWER_uvchr(c,s,l)
2153 #define toTITLE_uni(c,s,l)      toTITLE_uvchr(c,s,l)
2154 #define toUPPER_uni(c,s,l)      toUPPER_uvchr(c,s,l)
2155 
2156 /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macros for defining macros like
2157  * isALPHA_LC_uvchr.  These are like isALPHA_LC, but the input can be any code
2158  * point, not just 0-255.  Like _generic_uvchr, there are two versions, one for
2159  * simple class definitions; the other for more complex.  These are like
2160  * _generic_uvchr, so see it for more info. */
2161 #define _generic_LC_uvchr(latin1, above_latin1, c)                            \
2162                                     (c < 256 ? latin1(c) : above_latin1(c))
2163 #define _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(latin1, classnum, c)                          \
2164                             (c < 256 ? latin1(c) : _is_uni_FOO(classnum, c))
2165 
2166 #define isALPHA_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isALPHA_LC, _CC_ALPHA, c)
2167 #define isALPHANUMERIC_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isALPHANUMERIC_LC, \
2168                                                          _CC_ALPHANUMERIC, c)
2169 #define isASCII_LC_uvchr(c)   isASCII_LC(c)
2170 #define isBLANK_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_uvchr(isBLANK_LC,                    \
2171                                                         is_HORIZWS_cp_high, c)
2172 #define isCNTRL_LC_uvchr(c)  (c < 256 ? isCNTRL_LC(c) : 0)
2173 #define isDIGIT_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isDIGIT_LC, _CC_DIGIT, c)
2174 #define isGRAPH_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isGRAPH_LC, _CC_GRAPH, c)
2175 #define isIDCONT_LC_uvchr(c) _generic_LC_uvchr(isIDCONT_LC,                   \
2176                                                   _is_uni_perl_idcont, c)
2177 #define isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr(c) _generic_LC_uvchr(isIDFIRST_LC,                 \
2178                                                   _is_uni_perl_idstart, c)
2179 #define isLOWER_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isLOWER_LC, _CC_LOWER, c)
2180 #define isPRINT_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isPRINT_LC, _CC_PRINT, c)
2181 #define isPSXSPC_LC_uvchr(c)  isSPACE_LC_uvchr(c)
2182 #define isPUNCT_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isPUNCT_LC, _CC_PUNCT, c)
2183 #define isSPACE_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_uvchr(isSPACE_LC,                    \
2184                                                     is_XPERLSPACE_cp_high, c)
2185 #define isUPPER_LC_uvchr(c)  _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isUPPER_LC, _CC_UPPER, c)
2186 #define isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr(c) _generic_LC_invlist_uvchr(isWORDCHAR_LC,         \
2187                                                            _CC_WORDCHAR, c)
2188 #define isXDIGIT_LC_uvchr(c) _generic_LC_uvchr(isXDIGIT_LC,                  \
2189                                                        is_XDIGIT_cp_high, c)
2190 
2191 #define isBLANK_LC_uni(c)    isBLANK_LC_uvchr(UNI_TO_NATIVE(c))
2192 
2193 /* The "_safe" macros make sure that we don't attempt to read beyond 'e', but
2194  * they don't otherwise go out of their way to look for malformed UTF-8.  If
2195  * they can return accurate results without knowing if the input is otherwise
2196  * malformed, they do so.  For example isASCII is accurate in spite of any
2197  * non-length malformations because it looks only at a single byte. Likewise
2198  * isDIGIT looks just at the first byte for code points 0-255, as all UTF-8
2199  * variant ones return FALSE.  But, if the input has to be well-formed in order
2200  * for the results to be accurate, the macros will test and if malformed will
2201  * call a routine to die
2202  *
2203  * Except for toke.c, the macros do assume that e > p, asserting that on
2204  * DEBUGGING builds.  Much code that calls these depends on this being true,
2205  * for other reasons.  toke.c is treated specially as using the regular
2206  * assertion breaks it in many ways.  All strings that these operate on there
2207  * are supposed to have an extra NUL character at the end,  so that *e = \0. A
2208  * bunch of code in toke.c assumes that this is true, so the assertion allows
2209  * for that */
2210 #ifdef PERL_IN_TOKE_C
2211 #  define _utf8_safe_assert(p,e) ((e) > (p) || ((e) == (p) && *(p) == '\0'))
2212 #else
2213 #  define _utf8_safe_assert(p,e) ((e) > (p))
2214 #endif
2215 
2216 #define _generic_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e, above_latin1)                    \
2217     ((! _utf8_safe_assert(p, e))                                            \
2218       ? (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message((U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0)\
2219       : (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*(p)))                                           \
2220           ? _generic_isCC(*(p), classnum)                                   \
2221           : (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*(p))                              \
2222              ? ((LIKELY((e) - (p) > 1 && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*((p)+1))))   \
2223                 ? _generic_isCC(EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*(p), *((p)+1 )),  \
2224                                 classnum)                                   \
2225                 : (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message(                       \
2226                                         (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0))  \
2227              : above_latin1))
2228 /* Like the above, but calls 'above_latin1(p)' to get the utf8 value.
2229  * 'above_latin1' can be a macro */
2230 #define _generic_func_utf8_safe(classnum, above_latin1, p, e)               \
2231                     _generic_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e, above_latin1(p, e))
2232 #define _generic_non_invlist_utf8_safe(classnum, above_latin1, p, e)          \
2233           _generic_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e,                                \
2234                              (UNLIKELY((e) - (p) < UTF8SKIP(p))             \
2235                               ? (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message(         \
2236                                       (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0)     \
2237                               : above_latin1(p)))
2238 /* Like the above, but passes classnum to _isFOO_utf8(), instead of having an
2239  * 'above_latin1' parameter */
2240 #define _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e)                            \
2241             _generic_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e, _is_utf8_FOO(classnum, p, e))
2242 
2243 /* Like the above, but should be used only when it is known that there are no
2244  * characters in the upper-Latin1 range (128-255 on ASCII platforms) which the
2245  * class is TRUE for.  Hence it can skip the tests for this range.
2246  * 'above_latin1' should include its arguments */
2247 #define _generic_utf8_safe_no_upper_latin1(classnum, p, e, above_latin1)    \
2248          (__ASSERT_(_utf8_safe_assert(p, e))                                \
2249          (isASCII(*(p)))                                                    \
2250           ? _generic_isCC(*(p), classnum)                                   \
2251           : (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*(p)))                             \
2252              ? 0 /* Note that doesn't check validity for latin1 */          \
2253              : above_latin1)
2254 
2255 
2256 #define isALPHA_utf8(p, e)         isALPHA_utf8_safe(p, e)
2257 #define isALPHANUMERIC_utf8(p, e)  isALPHANUMERIC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2258 #define isASCII_utf8(p, e)         isASCII_utf8_safe(p, e)
2259 #define isBLANK_utf8(p, e)         isBLANK_utf8_safe(p, e)
2260 #define isCNTRL_utf8(p, e)         isCNTRL_utf8_safe(p, e)
2261 #define isDIGIT_utf8(p, e)         isDIGIT_utf8_safe(p, e)
2262 #define isGRAPH_utf8(p, e)         isGRAPH_utf8_safe(p, e)
2263 #define isIDCONT_utf8(p, e)        isIDCONT_utf8_safe(p, e)
2264 #define isIDFIRST_utf8(p, e)       isIDFIRST_utf8_safe(p, e)
2265 #define isLOWER_utf8(p, e)         isLOWER_utf8_safe(p, e)
2266 #define isPRINT_utf8(p, e)         isPRINT_utf8_safe(p, e)
2267 #define isPSXSPC_utf8(p, e)        isPSXSPC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2268 #define isPUNCT_utf8(p, e)         isPUNCT_utf8_safe(p, e)
2269 #define isSPACE_utf8(p, e)         isSPACE_utf8_safe(p, e)
2270 #define isUPPER_utf8(p, e)         isUPPER_utf8_safe(p, e)
2271 #define isVERTWS_utf8(p, e)        isVERTWS_utf8_safe(p, e)
2272 #define isWORDCHAR_utf8(p, e)      isWORDCHAR_utf8_safe(p, e)
2273 #define isXDIGIT_utf8(p, e)        isXDIGIT_utf8_safe(p, e)
2274 
2275 #define isALPHA_utf8_safe(p, e)  _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_ALPHA, p, e)
2276 #define isALPHANUMERIC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                      \
2277                         _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_ALPHANUMERIC, p, e)
2278 #define isASCII_utf8_safe(p, e)                                             \
2279     /* Because ASCII is invariant under utf8, the non-utf8 macro            \
2280     * works */                                                              \
2281     (__ASSERT_(_utf8_safe_assert(p, e)) isASCII(*(p)))
2282 #define isBLANK_utf8_safe(p, e)                                             \
2283         _generic_non_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_BLANK, is_HORIZWS_high, p, e)
2284 
2285 #ifdef EBCDIC
2286     /* Because all controls are UTF-8 invariants in EBCDIC, we can use this
2287      * more efficient macro instead of the more general one */
2288 #   define isCNTRL_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2289                     (__ASSERT_(_utf8_safe_assert(p, e)) isCNTRL_L1(*(p)))
2290 #else
2291 #   define isCNTRL_utf8_safe(p, e)  _generic_utf8_safe(_CC_CNTRL, p, e, 0)
2292 #endif
2293 
2294 #define isDIGIT_utf8_safe(p, e)                                             \
2295             _generic_utf8_safe_no_upper_latin1(_CC_DIGIT, p, e,             \
2296                                             _is_utf8_FOO(_CC_DIGIT, p, e))
2297 #define isGRAPH_utf8_safe(p, e)    _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_GRAPH, p, e)
2298 #define isIDCONT_utf8_safe(p, e)   _generic_func_utf8_safe(_CC_WORDCHAR,    \
2299                                                  _is_utf8_perl_idcont, p, e)
2300 
2301 /* To prevent S_scan_word in toke.c from hanging, we have to make sure that
2302  * IDFIRST is an alnum.  See
2303  * https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/10275 for more detail than you
2304  * ever wanted to know about.  (In the ASCII range, there isn't a difference.)
2305  * This used to be not the XID version, but we decided to go with the more
2306  * modern Unicode definition */
2307 #define isIDFIRST_utf8_safe(p, e)                                           \
2308     _generic_func_utf8_safe(_CC_IDFIRST,                                    \
2309                             _is_utf8_perl_idstart, (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e))
2310 
2311 #define isLOWER_utf8_safe(p, e)     _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_LOWER, p, e)
2312 #define isPRINT_utf8_safe(p, e)     _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_PRINT, p, e)
2313 #define isPSXSPC_utf8_safe(p, e)     isSPACE_utf8_safe(p, e)
2314 #define isPUNCT_utf8_safe(p, e)     _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_PUNCT, p, e)
2315 #define isSPACE_utf8_safe(p, e)                                             \
2316     _generic_non_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_SPACE, is_XPERLSPACE_high, p, e)
2317 #define isUPPER_utf8_safe(p, e)  _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_UPPER, p, e)
2318 #define isVERTWS_utf8_safe(p, e)                                            \
2319         _generic_non_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_VERTSPACE, is_VERTWS_high, p, e)
2320 #define isWORDCHAR_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2321                              _generic_invlist_utf8_safe(_CC_WORDCHAR, p, e)
2322 #define isXDIGIT_utf8_safe(p, e)                                            \
2323                    _generic_utf8_safe_no_upper_latin1(_CC_XDIGIT, p, e,     \
2324                              (UNLIKELY((e) - (p) < UTF8SKIP(p))             \
2325                               ? (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message(         \
2326                                       (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0)     \
2327                               : is_XDIGIT_high(p)))
2328 
2329 #define toFOLD_utf8(p,e,s,l)	toFOLD_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)
2330 #define toLOWER_utf8(p,e,s,l)	toLOWER_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)
2331 #define toTITLE_utf8(p,e,s,l)	toTITLE_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)
2332 #define toUPPER_utf8(p,e,s,l)	toUPPER_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)
2333 
2334 /* For internal core use only, subject to change */
2335 #define _toFOLD_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l,f)  _to_utf8_fold_flags (p,e,s,l,f)
2336 #define _toLOWER_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l,f) _to_utf8_lower_flags(p,e,s,l,f)
2337 #define _toTITLE_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l,f) _to_utf8_title_flags(p,e,s,l,f)
2338 #define _toUPPER_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l,f) _to_utf8_upper_flags(p,e,s,l,f)
2339 
2340 #define toFOLD_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)   _toFOLD_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l, FOLD_FLAGS_FULL)
2341 #define toLOWER_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)  _toLOWER_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l, 0)
2342 #define toTITLE_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)  _toTITLE_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l, 0)
2343 #define toUPPER_utf8_safe(p,e,s,l)  _toUPPER_utf8_flags(p,e,s,l, 0)
2344 
2345 #define isALPHA_LC_utf8(p, e)         isALPHA_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2346 #define isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8(p, e)  isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2347 #define isASCII_LC_utf8(p, e)         isASCII_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2348 #define isBLANK_LC_utf8(p, e)         isBLANK_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2349 #define isCNTRL_LC_utf8(p, e)         isCNTRL_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2350 #define isDIGIT_LC_utf8(p, e)         isDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2351 #define isGRAPH_LC_utf8(p, e)         isGRAPH_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2352 #define isIDCONT_LC_utf8(p, e)        isIDCONT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2353 #define isIDFIRST_LC_utf8(p, e)       isIDFIRST_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2354 #define isLOWER_LC_utf8(p, e)         isLOWER_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2355 #define isPRINT_LC_utf8(p, e)         isPRINT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2356 #define isPSXSPC_LC_utf8(p, e)        isPSXSPC_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2357 #define isPUNCT_LC_utf8(p, e)         isPUNCT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2358 #define isSPACE_LC_utf8(p, e)         isSPACE_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2359 #define isUPPER_LC_utf8(p, e)         isUPPER_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2360 #define isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8(p, e)      isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2361 #define isXDIGIT_LC_utf8(p, e)        isXDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2362 
2363 /* For internal core Perl use only: the base macros for defining macros like
2364  * isALPHA_LC_utf8_safe.  These are like _generic_utf8, but if the first code
2365  * point in 'p' is within the 0-255 range, it uses locale rules from the
2366  * passed-in 'macro' parameter */
2367 #define _generic_LC_utf8_safe(macro, p, e, above_latin1)                    \
2368          (__ASSERT_(_utf8_safe_assert(p, e))                                \
2369          (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*(p)))                                          \
2370           ? macro(*(p))                                                     \
2371           : (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*(p))                              \
2372              ? ((LIKELY((e) - (p) > 1 && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*((p)+1))))   \
2373                 ? macro(EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(*(p), *((p)+1)))           \
2374                 : (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message(                       \
2375                                         (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0))  \
2376               : above_latin1))
2377 
2378 #define _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(macro, classnum, p, e)                  \
2379             _generic_LC_utf8_safe(macro, p, e,                              \
2380                                             _is_utf8_FOO(classnum, p, e))
2381 
2382 #define _generic_LC_func_utf8_safe(macro, above_latin1, p, e)               \
2383             _generic_LC_utf8_safe(macro, p, e, above_latin1(p, e))
2384 
2385 #define _generic_LC_non_invlist_utf8_safe(classnum, above_latin1, p, e)       \
2386           _generic_LC_utf8_safe(classnum, p, e,                             \
2387                              (UNLIKELY((e) - (p) < UTF8SKIP(p))             \
2388                               ? (_force_out_malformed_utf8_message(         \
2389                                       (U8 *) (p), (U8 *) (e), 0, 1), 0)     \
2390                               : above_latin1(p)))
2391 
2392 #define isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                   \
2393             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isALPHANUMERIC_LC,                  \
2394                                         _CC_ALPHANUMERIC, p, e)
2395 #define isALPHA_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2396             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isALPHA_LC, _CC_ALPHA, p, e)
2397 #define isASCII_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2398                     (__ASSERT_(_utf8_safe_assert(p, e)) isASCII_LC(*(p)))
2399 #define isBLANK_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2400         _generic_LC_non_invlist_utf8_safe(isBLANK_LC, is_HORIZWS_high, p, e)
2401 #define isCNTRL_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2402             _generic_LC_utf8_safe(isCNTRL_LC, p, e, 0)
2403 #define isDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2404             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isDIGIT_LC, _CC_DIGIT, p, e)
2405 #define isGRAPH_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2406             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isGRAPH_LC, _CC_GRAPH, p, e)
2407 #define isIDCONT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                         \
2408             _generic_LC_func_utf8_safe(isIDCONT_LC,                         \
2409                                                 _is_utf8_perl_idcont, p, e)
2410 #define isIDFIRST_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                        \
2411             _generic_LC_func_utf8_safe(isIDFIRST_LC,                        \
2412                                                _is_utf8_perl_idstart, p, e)
2413 #define isLOWER_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2414             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isLOWER_LC, _CC_LOWER, p, e)
2415 #define isPRINT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2416             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isPRINT_LC, _CC_PRINT, p, e)
2417 #define isPSXSPC_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)    isSPACE_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)
2418 #define isPUNCT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2419             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isPUNCT_LC, _CC_PUNCT, p, e)
2420 #define isSPACE_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2421     _generic_LC_non_invlist_utf8_safe(isSPACE_LC, is_XPERLSPACE_high, p, e)
2422 #define isUPPER_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                          \
2423             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isUPPER_LC, _CC_UPPER, p, e)
2424 #define isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                       \
2425             _generic_LC_invlist_utf8_safe(isWORDCHAR_LC, _CC_WORDCHAR, p, e)
2426 #define isXDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe(p, e)                                         \
2427         _generic_LC_non_invlist_utf8_safe(isXDIGIT_LC, is_XDIGIT_high, p, e)
2428 
2429 /* Macros for backwards compatibility and for completeness when the ASCII and
2430  * Latin1 values are identical */
2431 #define isALPHAU(c)         isALPHA_L1(c)
2432 #define isDIGIT_L1(c)       isDIGIT_A(c)
2433 #define isOCTAL(c)          isOCTAL_A(c)
2434 #define isOCTAL_L1(c)       isOCTAL_A(c)
2435 #define isXDIGIT_L1(c)      isXDIGIT_A(c)
2436 #define isALNUM(c)          isWORDCHAR(c)
2437 #define isALNUM_A(c)        isALNUM(c)
2438 #define isALNUMU(c)         isWORDCHAR_L1(c)
2439 #define isALNUM_LC(c)       isWORDCHAR_LC(c)
2440 #define isALNUM_uni(c)      isWORDCHAR_uni(c)
2441 #define isALNUM_LC_uvchr(c) isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr(c)
2442 #define isALNUM_utf8(p,e)   isWORDCHAR_utf8(p,e)
2443 #define isALNUM_utf8_safe(p,e) isWORDCHAR_utf8_safe(p,e)
2444 #define isALNUM_LC_utf8(p,e)isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8(p,e)
2445 #define isALNUM_LC_utf8_safe(p,e)isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe(p,e)
2446 #define isALNUMC_A(c)       isALPHANUMERIC_A(c)      /* Mnemonic: "C's alnum" */
2447 #define isALNUMC_L1(c)      isALPHANUMERIC_L1(c)
2448 #define isALNUMC(c)	    isALPHANUMERIC(c)
2449 #define isALNUMC_LC(c)	    isALPHANUMERIC_LC(c)
2450 #define isALNUMC_uni(c)     isALPHANUMERIC_uni(c)
2451 #define isALNUMC_LC_uvchr(c) isALPHANUMERIC_LC_uvchr(c)
2452 #define isALNUMC_utf8(p,e)  isALPHANUMERIC_utf8(p,e)
2453 #define isALNUMC_utf8_safe(p,e)  isALPHANUMERIC_utf8_safe(p,e)
2454 #define isALNUMC_LC_utf8_safe(p,e) isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8_safe(p,e)
2455 
2456 /* On EBCDIC platforms, CTRL-@ is 0, CTRL-A is 1, etc, just like on ASCII,
2457  * except that they don't necessarily mean the same characters, e.g. CTRL-D is
2458  * 4 on both systems, but that is EOT on ASCII;  ST on EBCDIC.
2459  * '?' is special-cased on EBCDIC to APC, which is the control there that is
2460  * the outlier from the block that contains the other controls, just like
2461  * toCTRL('?') on ASCII yields DEL, the control that is the outlier from the C0
2462  * block.  If it weren't special cased, it would yield a non-control.
2463  * The conversion works both ways, so toCTRL('D') is 4, and toCTRL(4) is D,
2464  * etc. */
2465 #ifndef EBCDIC
2466 #  define toCTRL(c)    (__ASSERT_(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c)) toUPPER(((U8)(c))) ^ 64)
2467 #else
2468 #  define toCTRL(c)   (__ASSERT_(FITS_IN_8_BITS(c))                     \
2469                       ((isPRINT_A(c))                                   \
2470                        ? (UNLIKELY((c) == '?')                          \
2471                          ? QUESTION_MARK_CTRL                           \
2472                          : (NATIVE_TO_LATIN1(toUPPER((U8) (c))) ^ 64))  \
2473                        : (UNLIKELY((c) == QUESTION_MARK_CTRL)           \
2474                          ? '?'                                          \
2475                          : (LATIN1_TO_NATIVE(((U8) (c)) ^ 64)))))
2476 #endif
2477 
2478 /*
2479 =for apidoc Ay||line_t
2480 The typedef to use to declare variables that are to hold line numbers.
2481 
2482 =cut
2483 
2484   Line numbers are unsigned, 32 bits.
2485 */
2486 typedef U32 line_t;
2487 #define NOLINE ((line_t) 4294967295UL)  /* = FFFFFFFF */
2488 
2489 /* Helpful alias for version prescan */
2490 #define is_LAX_VERSION(a,b) \
2491         (a != Perl_prescan_version(aTHX_ a, FALSE, b, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL))
2492 
2493 #define is_STRICT_VERSION(a,b) \
2494         (a != Perl_prescan_version(aTHX_ a, TRUE, b, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL))
2495 
2496 #define BADVERSION(a,b,c) \
2497         if (b) { \
2498             *b = c; \
2499         } \
2500         return a;
2501 
2502 /* Converts a character KNOWN to represent a hexadecimal digit (0-9, A-F, or
2503  * a-f) to its numeric value without using any branches.  The input is
2504  * validated only by an assert() in DEBUGGING builds.
2505  *
2506  * It works by right shifting and isolating the bit that is 0 for the digits,
2507  * and 1 for at least the alphas A-F, a-f.  The bit is shifted to the ones
2508  * position, and then to the eights position.  Both are added together to form
2509  * 0 if the input is '0'-'9' and to form 9 if alpha.  This is added to the
2510  * final four bits of the input to form the correct value. */
2511 #define XDIGIT_VALUE(c) (__ASSERT_(isXDIGIT(c))                             \
2512            ((NATIVE_TO_LATIN1(c) >> 6) & 1)  /* 1 if alpha; 0 if not */     \
2513          + ((NATIVE_TO_LATIN1(c) >> 3) & 8)  /* 8 if alpha; 0 if not */     \
2514          + ((c) & 0xF))   /* 0-9 if input valid hex digit */
2515 
2516 /* The argument is a string pointer, which is advanced. */
2517 #define READ_XDIGIT(s)  ((s)++, XDIGIT_VALUE(*((s) - 1)))
2518 
2519 /* Converts a character known to represent an octal digit (0-7) to its numeric
2520  * value.  The input is validated only by an assert() in DEBUGGING builds.  In
2521  * both ASCII and EBCDIC the last 3 bits of the octal digits range from 0-7. */
2522 #define OCTAL_VALUE(c) (__ASSERT_(isOCTAL(c)) (7 & (c)))
2523 
2524 /* Efficiently returns a boolean as to if two native characters are equivalent
2525  * case-insensitively.  At least one of the characters must be one of [A-Za-z];
2526  * the ALPHA in the name is to remind you of that.  This is asserted() in
2527  * DEBUGGING builds.  Because [A-Za-z] are invariant under UTF-8, this macro
2528  * works (on valid input) for both non- and UTF-8-encoded bytes.
2529  *
2530  * When one of the inputs is a compile-time constant and gets folded by the
2531  * compiler, this reduces to an AND and a TEST.  On both EBCDIC and ASCII
2532  * machines, 'A' and 'a' differ by a single bit; the same with the upper and
2533  * lower case of all other ASCII-range alphabetics.  On ASCII platforms, they
2534  * are 32 apart; on EBCDIC, they are 64.  At compile time, this uses an
2535  * exclusive 'or' to find that bit and then inverts it to form a mask, with
2536  * just a single 0, in the bit position where the upper- and lowercase differ.
2537  * */
2538 #define isALPHA_FOLD_EQ(c1, c2)                                         \
2539                       (__ASSERT_(isALPHA_A(c1) || isALPHA_A(c2))        \
2540                       ((c1) & ~('A' ^ 'a')) ==  ((c2) & ~('A' ^ 'a')))
2541 #define isALPHA_FOLD_NE(c1, c2) (! isALPHA_FOLD_EQ((c1), (c2)))
2542 
2543 /*
2544 =for apidoc_section $memory
2545 
2546 =for apidoc Am|void|Newx|void* ptr|int nitems|type
2547 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function.
2548 
2549 Memory obtained by this should B<ONLY> be freed with L</"Safefree">.
2550 
2551 In 5.9.3, Newx() and friends replace the older New() API, and drops
2552 the first parameter, I<x>, a debug aid which allowed callers to identify
2553 themselves.  This aid has been superseded by a new build option,
2554 PERL_MEM_LOG (see L<perlhacktips/PERL_MEM_LOG>).  The older API is still
2555 there for use in XS modules supporting older perls.
2556 
2557 =for apidoc Am|void|Newxc|void* ptr|int nitems|type|cast
2558 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function, with
2559 cast.  See also C<L</Newx>>.
2560 
2561 Memory obtained by this should B<ONLY> be freed with L</"Safefree">.
2562 
2563 =for apidoc Am|void|Newxz|void* ptr|int nitems|type
2564 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function.  The allocated
2565 memory is zeroed with C<memzero>.  See also C<L</Newx>>.
2566 
2567 Memory obtained by this should B<ONLY> be freed with L</"Safefree">.
2568 
2569 =for apidoc Am|void|Renew|void* ptr|int nitems|type
2570 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function.
2571 
2572 Memory obtained by this should B<ONLY> be freed with L</"Safefree">.
2573 
2574 =for apidoc Am|void|Renewc|void* ptr|int nitems|type|cast
2575 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function, with
2576 cast.
2577 
2578 Memory obtained by this should B<ONLY> be freed with L</"Safefree">.
2579 
2580 =for apidoc Am|void|Safefree|void* ptr
2581 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<free> function.
2582 
2583 This should B<ONLY> be used on memory obtained using L</"Newx"> and friends.
2584 
2585 =for apidoc_section $string
2586 =for apidoc Am|void|Move|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
2587 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memmove> function.  The C<src> is the
2588 source, C<dest> is the destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and
2589 C<type> is the type.  Can do overlapping moves.  See also C<L</Copy>>.
2590 
2591 =for apidoc Am|void *|MoveD|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
2592 Like C<Move> but returns C<dest>.  Useful
2593 for encouraging compilers to tail-call
2594 optimise.
2595 
2596 =for apidoc Am|void|Copy|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
2597 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memcpy> function.  The C<src> is the
2598 source, C<dest> is the destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and
2599 C<type> is the type.  May fail on overlapping copies.  See also C<L</Move>>.
2600 
2601 =for apidoc Am|void *|CopyD|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
2602 
2603 Like C<Copy> but returns C<dest>.  Useful
2604 for encouraging compilers to tail-call
2605 optimise.
2606 
2607 =for apidoc Am|void|Zero|void* dest|int nitems|type
2608 
2609 The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memzero> function.  The C<dest> is the
2610 destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and C<type> is the type.
2611 
2612 =for apidoc Am|void *|ZeroD|void* dest|int nitems|type
2613 
2614 Like C<Zero> but returns dest.  Useful
2615 for encouraging compilers to tail-call
2616 optimise.
2617 
2618 =for apidoc_section $utility
2619 =for apidoc Amu|void|StructCopy|type *src|type *dest|type
2620 This is an architecture-independent macro to copy one structure to another.
2621 
2622 =for apidoc Am|void|PoisonWith|void* dest|int nitems|type|U8 byte
2623 
2624 Fill up memory with a byte pattern (a byte repeated over and over
2625 again) that hopefully catches attempts to access uninitialized memory.
2626 
2627 =for apidoc Am|void|PoisonNew|void* dest|int nitems|type
2628 
2629 PoisonWith(0xAB) for catching access to allocated but uninitialized memory.
2630 
2631 =for apidoc Am|void|PoisonFree|void* dest|int nitems|type
2632 
2633 PoisonWith(0xEF) for catching access to freed memory.
2634 
2635 =for apidoc Am|void|Poison|void* dest|int nitems|type
2636 
2637 PoisonWith(0xEF) for catching access to freed memory.
2638 
2639 =cut */
2640 
2641 /* Maintained for backwards-compatibility only. Use newSV() instead. */
2642 #ifndef PERL_CORE
2643 #define NEWSV(x,len)	newSV(len)
2644 #endif
2645 
2646 #define MEM_SIZE_MAX ((MEM_SIZE)-1)
2647 
2648 #define _PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_UNCHECKED(n) (((n) - 1 + PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM) & ~((MEM_SIZE)PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM - 1))
2649 
2650 #ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
2651 
2652 /* This expression will be constant-folded at compile time.  It checks
2653  * whether or not the type of the count n is so small (e.g. U8 or U16, or
2654  * U32 on 64-bit systems) that there's no way a wrap-around could occur.
2655  * As well as avoiding the need for a run-time check in some cases, it's
2656  * designed to avoid compiler warnings like:
2657  *     comparison is always false due to limited range of data type
2658  * It's mathematically equivalent to
2659  *    max(n) * sizeof(t) > MEM_SIZE_MAX
2660  */
2661 
2662 #  define _MEM_WRAP_NEEDS_RUNTIME_CHECK(n,t) \
2663     (  sizeof(MEM_SIZE) < sizeof(n) \
2664     || sizeof(t) > ((MEM_SIZE)1 << 8*(sizeof(MEM_SIZE) - sizeof(n))))
2665 
2666 /* This is written in a slightly odd way to avoid various spurious
2667  * compiler warnings. We *want* to write the expression as
2668  *    _MEM_WRAP_NEEDS_RUNTIME_CHECK(n,t) && (n > C)
2669  * (for some compile-time constant C), but even when the LHS
2670  * constant-folds to false at compile-time, g++ insists on emitting
2671  * warnings about the RHS (e.g. "comparison is always false"), so instead
2672  * we write it as
2673  *
2674  *    (cond ? n : X) > C
2675  *
2676  * where X is a constant with X > C always false. Choosing a value for X
2677  * is tricky. If 0, some compilers will complain about 0 > C always being
2678  * false; if 1, Coverity complains when n happens to be the constant value
2679  * '1', that cond ? 1 : 1 has the same value on both branches; so use C
2680  * for X and hope that nothing else whines.
2681  */
2682 
2683 #  define _MEM_WRAP_WILL_WRAP(n,t) \
2684       ((_MEM_WRAP_NEEDS_RUNTIME_CHECK(n,t) ? (MEM_SIZE)(n) : \
2685             MEM_SIZE_MAX/sizeof(t)) > MEM_SIZE_MAX/sizeof(t))
2686 
2687 #  define MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t) \
2688         (void)(UNLIKELY(_MEM_WRAP_WILL_WRAP(n,t)) \
2689         && (croak_memory_wrap(),0))
2690 
2691 #  define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(n,t,a) \
2692         (void)(UNLIKELY(_MEM_WRAP_WILL_WRAP(n,t)) \
2693         && (Perl_croak_nocontext("%s",(a)),0))
2694 
2695 /* "a" arg must be a string literal */
2696 #  define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_s(n,t,a) \
2697         (void)(UNLIKELY(_MEM_WRAP_WILL_WRAP(n,t)) \
2698         && (Perl_croak_nocontext("" a ""),0))
2699 
2700 #define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t),
2701 
2702 #define PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP(n) ((void)(((n) > MEM_SIZE_MAX - 2 * PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM) ? (croak_memory_wrap(),0) : 0), _PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_UNCHECKED(n))
2703 #else
2704 
2705 #define MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t)
2706 #define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(n,t,a)
2707 #define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_s(n,t,a)
2708 #define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t)
2709 
2710 #define PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP(n) _PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_UNCHECKED(n)
2711 
2712 #endif
2713 
2714 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
2715 /*
2716  * If PERL_MEM_LOG is defined, all Newx()s, Renew()s, and Safefree()s
2717  * go through functions, which are handy for debugging breakpoints, but
2718  * which more importantly get the immediate calling environment (file and
2719  * line number, and C function name if available) passed in.  This info can
2720  * then be used for logging the calls, for which one gets a sample
2721  * implementation unless -DPERL_MEM_LOG_NOIMPL is also defined.
2722  *
2723  * Known problems:
2724  * - not all memory allocs get logged, only those
2725  *   that go through Newx() and derivatives (while all
2726  *   Safefrees do get logged)
2727  * - __FILE__ and __LINE__ do not work everywhere
2728  * - __func__ or __FUNCTION__ even less so
2729  * - I think more goes on after the perlio frees but
2730  *   the thing is that STDERR gets closed (as do all
2731  *   the file descriptors)
2732  * - no deeper calling stack than the caller of the Newx()
2733  *   or the kind, but do I look like a C reflection/introspection
2734  *   utility to you?
2735  * - the function prototypes for the logging functions
2736  *   probably should maybe be somewhere else than handy.h
2737  * - one could consider inlining (macrofying) the logging
2738  *   for speed, but I am too lazy
2739  * - one could imagine recording the allocations in a hash,
2740  *   (keyed by the allocation address?), and maintain that
2741  *   through reallocs and frees, but how to do that without
2742  *   any News() happening...?
2743  * - lots of -Ddefines to get useful/controllable output
2744  * - lots of ENV reads
2745  */
2746 
2747 # ifdef PERL_CORE
2748 #  ifndef PERL_MEM_LOG_NOIMPL
2749 enum mem_log_type {
2750   MLT_ALLOC,
2751   MLT_REALLOC,
2752   MLT_FREE,
2753   MLT_NEW_SV,
2754   MLT_DEL_SV
2755 };
2756 #  endif
2757 #  if defined(PERL_IN_SV_C)  /* those are only used in sv.c */
2758 void Perl_mem_log_new_sv(const SV *sv, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname);
2759 void Perl_mem_log_del_sv(const SV *sv, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname);
2760 #  endif
2761 # endif
2762 
2763 #endif
2764 
2765 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
2766 #define MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,a)     Perl_mem_log_alloc(n,sizeof(t),STRINGIFY(t),a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
2767 #define MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,a) Perl_mem_log_realloc(n,sizeof(t),STRINGIFY(t),v,a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
2768 #define MEM_LOG_FREE(a)          Perl_mem_log_free(a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
2769 #endif
2770 
2771 #ifndef MEM_LOG_ALLOC
2772 #define MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,a)     (a)
2773 #endif
2774 #ifndef MEM_LOG_REALLOC
2775 #define MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,a) (a)
2776 #endif
2777 #ifndef MEM_LOG_FREE
2778 #define MEM_LOG_FREE(a)          (a)
2779 #endif
2780 
2781 #define Newx(v,n,t)	(v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (t*)MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,safemalloc((MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
2782 #define Newxc(v,n,t,c)	(v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (c*)MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,safemalloc((MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
2783 #define Newxz(v,n,t)	(v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (t*)MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,safecalloc((n),sizeof(t)))))
2784 
2785 #ifndef PERL_CORE
2786 /* pre 5.9.x compatibility */
2787 #define New(x,v,n,t)	Newx(v,n,t)
2788 #define Newc(x,v,n,t,c)	Newxc(v,n,t,c)
2789 #define Newz(x,v,n,t)	Newxz(v,n,t)
2790 #endif
2791 
2792 #define Renew(v,n,t) \
2793           (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (t*)MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,saferealloc((Malloc_t)(v),(MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
2794 #define Renewc(v,n,t,c) \
2795           (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (c*)MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,saferealloc((Malloc_t)(v),(MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
2796 
2797 #ifdef PERL_POISON
2798 #define Safefree(d) \
2799   ((d) ? (void)(safefree(MEM_LOG_FREE((Malloc_t)(d))), Poison(&(d), 1, Malloc_t)) : (void) 0)
2800 #else
2801 #define Safefree(d)	safefree(MEM_LOG_FREE((Malloc_t)(d)))
2802 #endif
2803 
2804 /* assert that a valid ptr has been supplied - use this instead of assert(ptr)  *
2805  * as it handles cases like constant string arguments without throwing warnings *
2806  * the cast is required, as is the inequality check, to avoid warnings          */
2807 #define perl_assert_ptr(p) assert( ((void*)(p)) != 0 )
2808 
2809 
2810 #define Move(s,d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), perl_assert_ptr(s), (void)memmove((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2811 #define Copy(s,d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), perl_assert_ptr(s), (void)memcpy((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2812 #define Zero(d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), (void)memzero((char*)(d), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2813 
2814 /* Like above, but returns a pointer to 'd' */
2815 #define MoveD(s,d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), perl_assert_ptr(s), memmove((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2816 #define CopyD(s,d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), perl_assert_ptr(s), memcpy((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2817 #define ZeroD(d,n,t)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) perl_assert_ptr(d), memzero((char*)(d), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2818 
2819 #define PoisonWith(d,n,t,b)	(MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (void)memset((char*)(d), (U8)(b), (n) * sizeof(t)))
2820 #define PoisonNew(d,n,t)	PoisonWith(d,n,t,0xAB)
2821 #define PoisonFree(d,n,t)	PoisonWith(d,n,t,0xEF)
2822 #define Poison(d,n,t)		PoisonFree(d,n,t)
2823 
2824 #ifdef PERL_POISON
2825 #  define PERL_POISON_EXPR(x) x
2826 #else
2827 #  define PERL_POISON_EXPR(x)
2828 #endif
2829 
2830 /* Shallow copy */
2831 #define StructCopy(s,d,t) (*((t*)(d)) = *((t*)(s)))
2832 
2833 /*
2834 =for apidoc_section $utility
2835 
2836 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|C_ARRAY_LENGTH|void *a
2837 
2838 Returns the number of elements in the input C array (so you want your
2839 zero-based indices to be less than but not equal to).
2840 
2841 =for apidoc Am|void *|C_ARRAY_END|void *a
2842 
2843 Returns a pointer to one element past the final element of the input C array.
2844 
2845 =cut
2846 
2847 C_ARRAY_END is one past the last: half-open/half-closed range, not
2848 last-inclusive range.
2849 */
2850 #define C_ARRAY_LENGTH(a)	(sizeof(a)/sizeof((a)[0]))
2851 #define C_ARRAY_END(a)		((a) + C_ARRAY_LENGTH(a))
2852 
2853 #ifdef NEED_VA_COPY
2854 # ifdef va_copy
2855 #  define Perl_va_copy(s, d) va_copy(d, s)
2856 # elif defined(__va_copy)
2857 #  define Perl_va_copy(s, d) __va_copy(d, s)
2858 # else
2859 #  define Perl_va_copy(s, d) Copy(s, d, 1, va_list)
2860 # endif
2861 #endif
2862 
2863 /* convenience debug macros */
2864 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2865 #define pTHX_FORMAT  "Perl interpreter: 0x%p"
2866 #define pTHX__FORMAT ", Perl interpreter: 0x%p"
2867 #define pTHX_VALUE_   (void *)my_perl,
2868 #define pTHX_VALUE    (void *)my_perl
2869 #define pTHX__VALUE_ ,(void *)my_perl,
2870 #define pTHX__VALUE  ,(void *)my_perl
2871 #else
2872 #define pTHX_FORMAT
2873 #define pTHX__FORMAT
2874 #define pTHX_VALUE_
2875 #define pTHX_VALUE
2876 #define pTHX__VALUE_
2877 #define pTHX__VALUE
2878 #endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
2879 
2880 /* Perl_deprecate was not part of the public API, and did not have a deprecate()
2881    shortcut macro defined without -DPERL_CORE. Neither codesearch.google.com nor
2882    CPAN::Unpack show any users outside the core.  */
2883 #ifdef PERL_CORE
2884 #  define deprecate(s) Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),    \
2885                                             "Use of " s " is deprecated")
2886 #  define deprecate_disappears_in(when,message) \
2887               Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),    \
2888                                message ", and will disappear in Perl " when)
2889 #  define deprecate_fatal_in(when,message) \
2890               Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),    \
2891                                message ". Its use will be fatal in Perl " when)
2892 #endif
2893 
2894 /* Internal macros to deal with gids and uids */
2895 #ifdef PERL_CORE
2896 
2897 #  if Uid_t_size > IVSIZE
2898 #    define sv_setuid(sv, uid)       sv_setnv((sv), (NV)(uid))
2899 #    define SvUID(sv)                SvNV(sv)
2900 #  elif Uid_t_sign <= 0
2901 #    define sv_setuid(sv, uid)       sv_setiv((sv), (IV)(uid))
2902 #    define SvUID(sv)                SvIV(sv)
2903 #  else
2904 #    define sv_setuid(sv, uid)       sv_setuv((sv), (UV)(uid))
2905 #    define SvUID(sv)                SvUV(sv)
2906 #  endif /* Uid_t_size */
2907 
2908 #  if Gid_t_size > IVSIZE
2909 #    define sv_setgid(sv, gid)       sv_setnv((sv), (NV)(gid))
2910 #    define SvGID(sv)                SvNV(sv)
2911 #  elif Gid_t_sign <= 0
2912 #    define sv_setgid(sv, gid)       sv_setiv((sv), (IV)(gid))
2913 #    define SvGID(sv)                SvIV(sv)
2914 #  else
2915 #    define sv_setgid(sv, gid)       sv_setuv((sv), (UV)(gid))
2916 #    define SvGID(sv)                SvUV(sv)
2917 #  endif /* Gid_t_size */
2918 
2919 #endif
2920 
2921 #endif  /* PERL_HANDY_H_ */
2922 
2923 /*
2924  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
2925  */
2926