1 #include "Python.h"
2 #include "pycore_pyarena.h"       // PyArena
3 
4 /* A simple arena block structure.
5 
6    Measurements with standard library modules suggest the average
7    allocation is about 20 bytes and that most compiles use a single
8    block.
9 
10    TODO(jhylton): Think about a realloc API, maybe just for the last
11    allocation?
12 */
13 
14 #define DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE 8192
15 #define ALIGNMENT               8
16 
17 typedef struct _block {
18     /* Total number of bytes owned by this block available to pass out.
19      * Read-only after initialization.  The first such byte starts at
20      * ab_mem.
21      */
22     size_t ab_size;
23 
24     /* Total number of bytes already passed out.  The next byte available
25      * to pass out starts at ab_mem + ab_offset.
26      */
27     size_t ab_offset;
28 
29     /* An arena maintains a singly-linked, NULL-terminated list of
30      * all blocks owned by the arena.  These are linked via the
31      * ab_next member.
32      */
33     struct _block *ab_next;
34 
35     /* Pointer to the first allocatable byte owned by this block.  Read-
36      * only after initialization.
37      */
38     void *ab_mem;
39 } block;
40 
41 /* The arena manages two kinds of memory, blocks of raw memory
42    and a list of PyObject* pointers.  PyObjects are decrefed
43    when the arena is freed.
44 */
45 
46 struct _arena {
47     /* Pointer to the first block allocated for the arena, never NULL.
48        It is used only to find the first block when the arena is
49        being freed.
50      */
51     block *a_head;
52 
53     /* Pointer to the block currently used for allocation.  Its
54        ab_next field should be NULL.  If it is not-null after a
55        call to block_alloc(), it means a new block has been allocated
56        and a_cur should be reset to point it.
57      */
58     block *a_cur;
59 
60     /* A Python list object containing references to all the PyObject
61        pointers associated with this arena.  They will be DECREFed
62        when the arena is freed.
63     */
64     PyObject *a_objects;
65 
66 #if defined(Py_DEBUG)
67     /* Debug output */
68     size_t total_allocs;
69     size_t total_size;
70     size_t total_blocks;
71     size_t total_block_size;
72     size_t total_big_blocks;
73 #endif
74 };
75 
76 static block *
block_new(size_t size)77 block_new(size_t size)
78 {
79     /* Allocate header and block as one unit.
80        ab_mem points just past header. */
81     block *b = (block *)PyMem_Malloc(sizeof(block) + size);
82     if (!b)
83         return NULL;
84     b->ab_size = size;
85     b->ab_mem = (void *)(b + 1);
86     b->ab_next = NULL;
87     b->ab_offset = (char *)_Py_ALIGN_UP(b->ab_mem, ALIGNMENT) -
88             (char *)(b->ab_mem);
89     return b;
90 }
91 
92 static void
block_free(block * b)93 block_free(block *b) {
94     while (b) {
95         block *next = b->ab_next;
96         PyMem_Free(b);
97         b = next;
98     }
99 }
100 
101 static void *
block_alloc(block * b,size_t size)102 block_alloc(block *b, size_t size)
103 {
104     void *p;
105     assert(b);
106     size = _Py_SIZE_ROUND_UP(size, ALIGNMENT);
107     if (b->ab_offset + size > b->ab_size) {
108         /* If we need to allocate more memory than will fit in
109            the default block, allocate a one-off block that is
110            exactly the right size. */
111         /* TODO(jhylton): Think about space waste at end of block */
112         block *newbl = block_new(
113                         size < DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE ?
114                         DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE : size);
115         if (!newbl)
116             return NULL;
117         assert(!b->ab_next);
118         b->ab_next = newbl;
119         b = newbl;
120     }
121 
122     assert(b->ab_offset + size <= b->ab_size);
123     p = (void *)(((char *)b->ab_mem) + b->ab_offset);
124     b->ab_offset += size;
125     return p;
126 }
127 
128 PyArena *
_PyArena_New(void)129 _PyArena_New(void)
130 {
131     PyArena* arena = (PyArena *)PyMem_Malloc(sizeof(PyArena));
132     if (!arena)
133         return (PyArena*)PyErr_NoMemory();
134 
135     arena->a_head = block_new(DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE);
136     arena->a_cur = arena->a_head;
137     if (!arena->a_head) {
138         PyMem_Free((void *)arena);
139         return (PyArena*)PyErr_NoMemory();
140     }
141     arena->a_objects = PyList_New(0);
142     if (!arena->a_objects) {
143         block_free(arena->a_head);
144         PyMem_Free((void *)arena);
145         return (PyArena*)PyErr_NoMemory();
146     }
147 #if defined(Py_DEBUG)
148     arena->total_allocs = 0;
149     arena->total_size = 0;
150     arena->total_blocks = 1;
151     arena->total_block_size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
152     arena->total_big_blocks = 0;
153 #endif
154     return arena;
155 }
156 
157 void
_PyArena_Free(PyArena * arena)158 _PyArena_Free(PyArena *arena)
159 {
160     assert(arena);
161 #if defined(Py_DEBUG)
162     /*
163     fprintf(stderr,
164         "alloc=%zu size=%zu blocks=%zu block_size=%zu big=%zu objects=%zu\n",
165         arena->total_allocs, arena->total_size, arena->total_blocks,
166         arena->total_block_size, arena->total_big_blocks,
167         PyList_Size(arena->a_objects));
168     */
169 #endif
170     block_free(arena->a_head);
171     /* This property normally holds, except when the code being compiled
172        is sys.getobjects(0), in which case there will be two references.
173     assert(arena->a_objects->ob_refcnt == 1);
174     */
175 
176     Py_DECREF(arena->a_objects);
177     PyMem_Free(arena);
178 }
179 
180 void *
_PyArena_Malloc(PyArena * arena,size_t size)181 _PyArena_Malloc(PyArena *arena, size_t size)
182 {
183     void *p = block_alloc(arena->a_cur, size);
184     if (!p)
185         return PyErr_NoMemory();
186 #if defined(Py_DEBUG)
187     arena->total_allocs++;
188     arena->total_size += size;
189 #endif
190     /* Reset cur if we allocated a new block. */
191     if (arena->a_cur->ab_next) {
192         arena->a_cur = arena->a_cur->ab_next;
193 #if defined(Py_DEBUG)
194         arena->total_blocks++;
195         arena->total_block_size += arena->a_cur->ab_size;
196         if (arena->a_cur->ab_size > DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE)
197             ++arena->total_big_blocks;
198 #endif
199     }
200     return p;
201 }
202 
203 int
_PyArena_AddPyObject(PyArena * arena,PyObject * obj)204 _PyArena_AddPyObject(PyArena *arena, PyObject *obj)
205 {
206     int r = PyList_Append(arena->a_objects, obj);
207     if (r >= 0) {
208         Py_DECREF(obj);
209     }
210     return r;
211 }
212