1 // © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
2 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
3 /*
4 *******************************************************************************
5 * Copyright (C) 2011-2016, International Business Machines Corporation and
6 * others. All Rights Reserved.
7 *******************************************************************************
8 */
9 #ifndef __TZNAMES_H
10 #define __TZNAMES_H
11 
12 /**
13  * \file
14  * \brief C++ API: TimeZoneNames
15  */
16 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
17 
18 #if U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API
19 
20 #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING
21 
22 #include "unicode/uloc.h"
23 #include "unicode/unistr.h"
24 
25 U_CDECL_BEGIN
26 
27 /**
28  * Constants for time zone display name types.
29  * @stable ICU 50
30  */
31 typedef enum UTimeZoneNameType {
32     /**
33      * Unknown display name type.
34      * @stable ICU 50
35      */
36     UTZNM_UNKNOWN           = 0x00,
37     /**
38      * Long display name, such as "Eastern Time".
39      * @stable ICU 50
40      */
41     UTZNM_LONG_GENERIC      = 0x01,
42     /**
43      * Long display name for standard time, such as "Eastern Standard Time".
44      * @stable ICU 50
45      */
46     UTZNM_LONG_STANDARD     = 0x02,
47     /**
48      * Long display name for daylight saving time, such as "Eastern Daylight Time".
49      * @stable ICU 50
50      */
51     UTZNM_LONG_DAYLIGHT     = 0x04,
52     /**
53      * Short display name, such as "ET".
54      * @stable ICU 50
55      */
56     UTZNM_SHORT_GENERIC     = 0x08,
57     /**
58      * Short display name for standard time, such as "EST".
59      * @stable ICU 50
60      */
61     UTZNM_SHORT_STANDARD    = 0x10,
62     /**
63      * Short display name for daylight saving time, such as "EDT".
64      * @stable ICU 50
65      */
66     UTZNM_SHORT_DAYLIGHT    = 0x20,
67     /**
68      * Exemplar location name, such as "Los Angeles".
69      * @stable ICU 51
70      */
71     UTZNM_EXEMPLAR_LOCATION = 0x40
72 } UTimeZoneNameType;
73 
74 U_CDECL_END
75 
76 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
77 
78 class UVector;
79 struct MatchInfo;
80 
81 /**
82  * <code>TimeZoneNames</code> is an abstract class representing the time zone display name data model defined
83  * by <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/">UTS#35 Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML)</a>.
84  * The model defines meta zone, which is used for storing a set of display names. A meta zone can be shared
85  * by multiple time zones. Also a time zone may have multiple meta zone historic mappings.
86  * <p>
87  * For example, people in the United States refer the zone used by the east part of North America as "Eastern Time".
88  * The tz database contains multiple time zones "America/New_York", "America/Detroit", "America/Montreal" and some
89  * others that belong to "Eastern Time". However, assigning different display names to these time zones does not make
90  * much sense for most of people.
91  * <p>
92  * In <a href="http://cldr.unicode.org/">CLDR</a> (which uses LDML for representing locale data), the display name
93  * "Eastern Time" is stored as long generic display name of a meta zone identified by the ID "America_Eastern".
94  * Then, there is another table maintaining the historic mapping to meta zones for each time zone. The time zones in
95  * the above example ("America/New_York", "America/Detroit"...) are mapped to the meta zone "America_Eastern".
96  * <p>
97  * Sometimes, a time zone is mapped to a different time zone in the past. For example, "America/Indiana/Knox"
98  * had been moving "Eastern Time" and "Central Time" back and forth. Therefore, it is necessary that time zone
99  * to meta zones mapping data are stored by date range.
100  *
101  * <p><b>Note:</b>
102  * The methods in this class assume that time zone IDs are already canonicalized. For example, you may not get proper
103  * result returned by a method with time zone ID "America/Indiana/Indianapolis", because it's not a canonical time zone
104  * ID (the canonical time zone ID for the time zone is "America/Indianapolis". See
105  * {@link TimeZone#getCanonicalID(const UnicodeString& id, UnicodeString& canonicalID, UErrorCode& status)} about ICU
106  * canonical time zone IDs.
107  *
108  * <p>
109  * In CLDR, most of time zone display names except location names are provided through meta zones. But a time zone may
110  * have a specific name that is not shared with other time zones.
111  *
112  * For example, time zone "Europe/London" has English long name for standard time "Greenwich Mean Time", which is also
113  * shared with other time zones. However, the long name for daylight saving time is "British Summer Time", which is only
114  * used for "Europe/London".
115  *
116  * <p>
117  * {@link #getTimeZoneDisplayName} is designed for accessing a name only used by a single time zone.
118  * But is not necessarily mean that a subclass implementation use the same model with CLDR. A subclass implementation
119  * may provide time zone names only through {@link #getTimeZoneDisplayName}, or only through {@link #getMetaZoneDisplayName},
120  * or both.
121  *
122  * <p>
123  * The default <code>TimeZoneNames</code> implementation returned by {@link #createInstance}
124  * uses the locale data imported from CLDR. In CLDR, set of meta zone IDs and mappings between zone IDs and meta zone
125  * IDs are shared by all locales. Therefore, the behavior of {@link #getAvailableMetaZoneIDs},
126  * {@link #getMetaZoneID}, and {@link #getReferenceZoneID} won't be changed no matter
127  * what locale is used for getting an instance of <code>TimeZoneNames</code>.
128  *
129  * @stable ICU 50
130  */
131 class U_I18N_API TimeZoneNames : public UObject {
132 public:
133     /**
134      * Destructor.
135      * @stable ICU 50
136      */
137     virtual ~TimeZoneNames();
138 
139     /**
140      * Return true if the given TimeZoneNames objects are semantically equal.
141      * @param other the object to be compared with.
142      * @return Return true if the given Format objects are semantically equal.
143      * @stable ICU 50
144      */
145     virtual UBool operator==(const TimeZoneNames& other) const = 0;
146 
147     /**
148      * Return true if the given TimeZoneNames objects are not semantically
149      * equal.
150      * @param other the object to be compared with.
151      * @return Return true if the given Format objects are not semantically equal.
152      * @stable ICU 50
153      */
154     UBool operator!=(const TimeZoneNames& other) const { return !operator==(other); }
155 
156     /**
157      * Clone this object polymorphically.  The caller is responsible
158      * for deleting the result when done.
159      * @return A copy of the object
160      * @stable ICU 50
161      */
162     virtual TimeZoneNames* clone() const = 0;
163 
164     /**
165      * Returns an instance of <code>TimeZoneNames</code> for the specified locale.
166      *
167      * @param locale The locale.
168      * @param status Receives the status.
169      * @return An instance of <code>TimeZoneNames</code>
170      * @stable ICU 50
171      */
172     static TimeZoneNames* U_EXPORT2 createInstance(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
173 
174     /**
175      * Returns an instance of <code>TimeZoneNames</code> containing only short specific
176      * zone names (SHORT_STANDARD and SHORT_DAYLIGHT),
177      * compatible with the IANA tz database's zone abbreviations (not localized).
178      * <br>
179      * Note: The input locale is used for resolving ambiguous names (e.g. "IST" is parsed
180      * as Israel Standard Time for Israel, while it is parsed as India Standard Time for
181      * all other regions). The zone names returned by this instance are not localized.
182      * @stable ICU 54
183      */
184      static TimeZoneNames* U_EXPORT2 createTZDBInstance(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
185 
186     /**
187      * Returns an enumeration of all available meta zone IDs.
188      * @param status Receives the status.
189      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller.
190      * @stable ICU 50
191      */
192     virtual StringEnumeration* getAvailableMetaZoneIDs(UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
193 
194     /**
195      * Returns an enumeration of all available meta zone IDs used by the given time zone.
196      * @param tzID The canonical time zone ID.
197      * @param status Receives the status.
198      * @return an enumeration object, owned by the caller.
199      * @stable ICU 50
200      */
201     virtual StringEnumeration* getAvailableMetaZoneIDs(const UnicodeString& tzID, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
202 
203     /**
204      * Returns the meta zone ID for the given canonical time zone ID at the given date.
205      * @param tzID The canonical time zone ID.
206      * @param date The date.
207      * @param mzID Receives the meta zone ID for the given time zone ID at the given date. If the time zone does not have a
208      *          corresponding meta zone at the given date or the implementation does not support meta zones, "bogus" state
209      *          is set.
210      * @return A reference to the result.
211      * @stable ICU 50
212      */
213     virtual UnicodeString& getMetaZoneID(const UnicodeString& tzID, UDate date, UnicodeString& mzID) const = 0;
214 
215     /**
216      * Returns the reference zone ID for the given meta zone ID for the region.
217      *
218      * Note: Each meta zone must have a reference zone associated with a special region "001" (world).
219      * Some meta zones may have region specific reference zone IDs other than the special region
220      * "001". When a meta zone does not have any region specific reference zone IDs, this method
221      * return the reference zone ID for the special region "001" (world).
222      *
223      * @param mzID The meta zone ID.
224      * @param region The region.
225      * @param tzID Receives the reference zone ID ("golden zone" in the LDML specification) for the given time zone ID for the
226      *          region. If the meta zone is unknown or the implementation does not support meta zones, "bogus" state
227      *          is set.
228      * @return A reference to the result.
229      * @stable ICU 50
230      */
231     virtual UnicodeString& getReferenceZoneID(const UnicodeString& mzID, const char* region, UnicodeString& tzID) const = 0;
232 
233     /**
234      * Returns the display name of the meta zone.
235      * @param mzID The meta zone ID.
236      * @param type The display name type. See {@link #UTimeZoneNameType}.
237      * @param name Receives the display name of the meta zone. When this object does not have a localized display name for the given
238      *         meta zone with the specified type or the implementation does not provide any display names associated
239      *         with meta zones, "bogus" state is set.
240      * @return A reference to the result.
241      * @stable ICU 50
242      */
243     virtual UnicodeString& getMetaZoneDisplayName(const UnicodeString& mzID, UTimeZoneNameType type, UnicodeString& name) const = 0;
244 
245     /**
246      * Returns the display name of the time zone. Unlike {@link #getDisplayName},
247      * this method does not get a name from a meta zone used by the time zone.
248      * @param tzID The canonical time zone ID.
249      * @param type The display name type. See {@link #UTimeZoneNameType}.
250      * @param name Receives the display name for the time zone. When this object does not have a localized display name for the given
251      *         time zone with the specified type, "bogus" state is set.
252      * @return A reference to the result.
253      * @stable ICU 50
254      */
255     virtual UnicodeString& getTimeZoneDisplayName(const UnicodeString& tzID, UTimeZoneNameType type, UnicodeString& name) const = 0;
256 
257     /**
258      * Returns the exemplar location name for the given time zone. When this object does not have a localized location
259      * name, the default implementation may still returns a programmatically generated name with the logic described
260      * below.
261      * <ol>
262      * <li>Check if the ID contains "/". If not, return null.
263      * <li>Check if the ID does not start with "Etc/" or "SystemV/". If it does, return null.
264      * <li>Extract a substring after the last occurrence of "/".
265      * <li>Replace "_" with " ".
266      * </ol>
267      * For example, "New York" is returned for the time zone ID "America/New_York" when this object does not have the
268      * localized location name.
269      *
270      * @param tzID The canonical time zone ID
271      * @param name Receives the exemplar location name for the given time zone, or "bogus" state is set when a localized
272      *          location name is not available and the fallback logic described above cannot extract location from the ID.
273      * @return A reference to the result.
274      * @stable ICU 50
275      */
276     virtual UnicodeString& getExemplarLocationName(const UnicodeString& tzID, UnicodeString& name) const;
277 
278     /**
279      * Returns the display name of the time zone at the given date.
280      * <p>
281      * <b>Note:</b> This method calls the subclass's {@link #getTimeZoneDisplayName} first. When the
282      * result is bogus, this method calls {@link #getMetaZoneID} to get the meta zone ID mapped from the
283      * time zone, then calls {@link #getMetaZoneDisplayName}.
284      *
285      * @param tzID The canonical time zone ID.
286      * @param type The display name type. See {@link #UTimeZoneNameType}.
287      * @param date The date.
288      * @param name Receives the display name for the time zone at the given date. When this object does not have a localized display
289      *          name for the time zone with the specified type and date, "bogus" state is set.
290      * @return A reference to the result.
291      * @stable ICU 50
292      */
293     virtual UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const UnicodeString& tzID, UTimeZoneNameType type, UDate date, UnicodeString& name) const;
294 
295     /**
296      * @internal ICU internal only, for specific users only until proposed publicly.
297      */
298     virtual void loadAllDisplayNames(UErrorCode& status);
299 
300     /**
301      * @internal ICU internal only, for specific users only until proposed publicly.
302      */
303     virtual void getDisplayNames(const UnicodeString& tzID, const UTimeZoneNameType types[], int32_t numTypes, UDate date, UnicodeString dest[], UErrorCode& status) const;
304 
305     /**
306      * <code>MatchInfoCollection</code> represents a collection of time zone name matches used by
307      * {@link TimeZoneNames#find}.
308      * @internal
309      */
310     class U_I18N_API MatchInfoCollection : public UMemory {
311     public:
312         /**
313          * Constructor.
314          * @internal
315          */
316         MatchInfoCollection();
317         /**
318          * Destructor.
319          * @internal
320          */
321         virtual ~MatchInfoCollection();
322 
323 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
324         /**
325          * Adds a zone match.
326          * @param nameType The name type.
327          * @param matchLength The match length.
328          * @param tzID The time zone ID.
329          * @param status Receives the status
330          * @internal
331          */
332         void addZone(UTimeZoneNameType nameType, int32_t matchLength,
333             const UnicodeString& tzID, UErrorCode& status);
334 
335         /**
336          * Adds a meata zone match.
337          * @param nameType The name type.
338          * @param matchLength The match length.
339          * @param mzID The metazone ID.
340          * @param status Receives the status
341          * @internal
342          */
343         void addMetaZone(UTimeZoneNameType nameType, int32_t matchLength,
344             const UnicodeString& mzID, UErrorCode& status);
345 
346         /**
347          * Returns the number of entries available in this object.
348          * @return The number of entries.
349          * @internal
350          */
351         int32_t size() const;
352 
353         /**
354          * Returns the time zone name type of a match at the specified index.
355          * @param idx The index
356          * @return The time zone name type. If the specified idx is out of range,
357          *      it returns UTZNM_UNKNOWN.
358          * @see UTimeZoneNameType
359          * @internal
360          */
361         UTimeZoneNameType getNameTypeAt(int32_t idx) const;
362 
363         /**
364          * Returns the match length of a match at the specified index.
365          * @param idx The index
366          * @return The match length. If the specified idx is out of range,
367          *      it returns 0.
368          * @internal
369          */
370         int32_t getMatchLengthAt(int32_t idx) const;
371 
372         /**
373          * Gets the zone ID of a match at the specified index.
374          * @param idx The index
375          * @param tzID Receives the zone ID.
376          * @return true if the zone ID was set to tzID.
377          * @internal
378          */
379         UBool getTimeZoneIDAt(int32_t idx, UnicodeString& tzID) const;
380 
381         /**
382          * Gets the metazone ID of a match at the specified index.
383          * @param idx The index
384          * @param mzID Receives the metazone ID
385          * @return true if the meta zone ID was set to mzID.
386          * @internal
387          */
388         UBool getMetaZoneIDAt(int32_t idx, UnicodeString& mzID) const;
389 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
390 
391     private:
392         UVector* fMatches;  // vector of MatchEntry
393 
394         UVector* matches(UErrorCode& status);
395     };
396 
397     /**
398      * Finds time zone name prefix matches for the input text at the
399      * given offset and returns a collection of the matches.
400      * @param text The text.
401      * @param start The starting offset within the text.
402      * @param types The set of name types represented by bitwise flags of UTimeZoneNameType enums,
403      *              or UTZNM_UNKNOWN for all name types.
404      * @param status Receives the status.
405      * @return A collection of matches (owned by the caller), or NULL if no matches are found.
406      * @see UTimeZoneNameType
407      * @see MatchInfoCollection
408      * @internal
409      */
410     virtual MatchInfoCollection* find(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t start, uint32_t types, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
411 };
412 
413 U_NAMESPACE_END
414 
415 #endif
416 
417 #endif /* U_SHOW_CPLUSPLUS_API */
418 
419 #endif
420