clasp-da10954/src/clasp_options.cpp

//
// Copyright (c) 2006-2017 Benjamin Kaufmann
//
// This file is part of Clasp. See http://www.cs.uni-potsdam.de/clasp/
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
// IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
#include <clasp/cli/clasp_options.h>
#include <clasp/minimize_constraint.h>
#include <clasp/lookahead.h>
#include <clasp/unfounded_check.h>
#include <potassco/program_opts/program_options.h>
#include <potassco/program_opts/typed_value.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <cfloat>
#include <fstream>
#include <cctype>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning (disable : 4996)
#endif
#if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 199711) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900)
#define CLASP_NOEXCEPT_X(X) noexcept(X)
#else
#define CLASP_NOEXCEPT_X(X)
#endif
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Helper MACROS
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define SET(x, v)           ( ((x)=(v)) == (v) )
#define SET_LEQ(x, v, m)    ( ((v)<=(m)) && SET((x), (v)) )
#define SET_GEQ(x, v, m)    ( ((v)>=(m)) && SET((x), (v)) )
#define SET_OR_FILL(x, v)   ( SET((x),(v)) || ((x) = 0, (x) = ~(x),true) )
#define SET_OR_ZERO(x,v)    ( SET((x),(v)) || SET((x),uint32(0)) )
#define SET_R(x, v, lo, hi) ( ((lo)<=(v)) && ((v)<=(hi)) && SET((x), (v)) )
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Primitive types/functions for string <-> T conversions
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
namespace bk_lib {
template <class T>
static int xconvert(const char* x, pod_vector<T>& out, const char** errPos, int sep) {
	if (sep == 0) { sep = Potassco::def_sep; }
	typename pod_vector<T>::size_type sz = out.size();
	std::size_t t = Potassco::convert_seq<T>(x, out.max_size() - sz, std::back_inserter(out), static_cast<char>(sep), errPos);
	if (!t) { out.resize(sz); }
	return static_cast<int>(t);
}
template <class T>
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const pod_vector<T>& x) { return Potassco::xconvert(out, x.begin(), x.end()); }
}
namespace Potassco {
struct KV { const char* key; int value; };
static const struct OffType {} off = {};
static int xconvert(const char* x, const OffType&, const char** errPos, int) {
	bool temp = true;
	const char* n = x;
	if (xconvert(n, temp, &n, 0) && !temp) { x = n; }
	if (errPos) { *errPos = x; }
	return int(temp == false);
}
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const OffType&) { return out.append("no"); }

static const KV* findValue(const Span<KV>& map, const char* key, const char** next, const char* sep = ",") {
	std::size_t kLen = std::strcspn(key, sep);
	const KV* needle = 0;
	for (const KV* it = Potassco::begin(map), *end = Potassco::end(map); it != end; ++it) {
		if (strncasecmp(key, it->key, kLen) == 0 && !it->key[kLen]) {
			needle = it;
			key   += kLen;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (next) { *next = key; }
	return needle;
}
static const char* findKey(const Span<KV>& map, int x) {
	for (const KV* it = Potassco::begin(map), *end = Potassco::end(map); it != end; ++it) {
		if (it->value == x) { return it->key; }
	}
	return "";
}

struct ArgString {
	ArgString(const char* x) : in(x), skip(0) { }
	~ArgString() CLASP_NOEXCEPT_X(false) { POTASSCO_ASSERT(!ok() || !*in || off(), "Unused argument!"); }
	bool ok()       const { return in != 0; }
	bool off()      const { return ok() && stringTo(in, Potassco::off); }
	bool empty()    const { return ok() && !*in; }
	operator void*()const { return (void*)in; }
	char peek()     const { return ok() ? in[(*in == skip)] : 0; }
	template <class T>
	ArgString& get(T& x)  {
		if (ok()) {
			const char* next = in + (*in == skip);
			in = xconvert(next, x, &next, 0) != 0 ? next : 0;
			skip = ',';
		}
		return *this;
	}
	const char* in;
	char  skip;
	template <class T>
	struct Opt_t {
		Opt_t(T& x) : obj(&x) {}
		T* obj;
	};
};
template <class T>
inline ArgString::Opt_t<T> opt(T& x) { return ArgString::Opt_t<T>(x); }
template <class T>
inline ArgString& operator>>(ArgString& arg, T& x) { return arg.get(x); }
template <class T>
inline ArgString& operator>>(ArgString& arg, const ArgString::Opt_t<T>& x) { return !arg.empty() ? arg.get(*x.obj) : arg; }

struct StringRef {
	StringRef(std::string& o) : out(&o) {}
	std::string* out;
};
template <class T>
inline StringRef& operator<<(StringRef& str, const T& val) {
	if (!str.out->empty()) { str.out->append(1, ','); }
	xconvert(*str.out, val);
	return str;
}

template <class ET>
struct Set {
	Set(unsigned v = 0) : val(v) {}
	unsigned value() const { return val; }
	unsigned val;
};
// <list_of_keys>|<bitmask>
template <class ET>
static int xconvert(const char* x, Set<ET>& out, const char** errPos, int e) {
	const char* it = x, *next;
	unsigned n, len = 0u; ET v;
	if (xconvert(it, n, &next, e)) {
		const Potassco::Span<Potassco::KV> em = enumMap(static_cast<ET*>(0));
		for (size_t i = 0, sum = 0; i != em.size && !len; ++i) {
			sum |= static_cast<unsigned>(em[i].value);
			len += (n == static_cast<unsigned>(em[i].value)) || (n && (n & sum) == n);
		}
	}
	else {
		for (next = "", n = 0u; xconvert(it + int(*next == ','), v, &next, e); it = next, ++len) {
			n |= static_cast<unsigned>(v);
		}
	}
	if (len)    { out.val = n; it = next; }
	if (errPos) { *errPos = it; }
	return static_cast<int>(len);
}
template <class ET>
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const Set<ET>& x) {
	const Potassco::Span<Potassco::KV> em = enumMap(static_cast<ET*>(0));
	if (unsigned bitset = x.val) {
		for (const KV* k = Potassco::begin(em), *kEnd = Potassco::end(em); k != kEnd; ++k) {
			unsigned ev = static_cast<unsigned>(k->value);
			if (bitset == ev || (ev && (ev & bitset) == ev)) {
				out.append(k->key);
				if ((bitset -= ev) == 0u) { return out; }
				out.append(1, ',');
			}
		}
		return xconvert(out, static_cast<ET>(bitset));
	}
	return xconvert(out, off);
}

}
namespace Clasp {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Enum mappings for clasp types
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define MAP(x, y) {static_cast<const char*>(x), static_cast<int>(y)}
#define DEFINE_ENUM_MAPPING(X, ...) \
static Potassco::Span<Potassco::KV> enumMap(const X*) {\
	static const Potassco::KV map[] = {__VA_ARGS__};\
	return Potassco::toSpan(map, sizeof(map)/sizeof(map[0]));\
}\
static int xconvert(const char* x, X& out, const char** errPos, int) {\
	if (const Potassco::KV* it = Potassco::findValue(enumMap(&out), x, errPos)) { \
		out = static_cast<X>(it->value); \
		return 1;\
	}\
	return 0;\
}\
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, X x) { \
	return out.append(Potassco::findKey(enumMap(&x), static_cast<int>(x))); \
}
#define OPTION(k, e, a, d, ...) a
#define CLASP_CONTEXT_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_GLOBAL_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVE_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_ASP_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVER_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SEARCH_OPTIONS
#define ARG_EXT(a, X) X
#define ARG(a)
#define NO_ARG
#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_options.inl>
namespace Cli {
DEFINE_ENUM_MAPPING(ConfigKey, \
  MAP("auto",   config_default), MAP("frumpy", config_frumpy), MAP("jumpy",  config_jumpy), \
  MAP("tweety", config_tweety) , MAP("handy" , config_handy) ,\
  MAP("crafty", config_crafty) , MAP("trendy", config_trendy), MAP("many", config_many))
}
#undef MAP
#undef DEFINE_ENUM_MAPPING
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Conversion functions for complex clasp types
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static int xconvert(const char* x, ScheduleStrategy& out, const char** errPos, int e) {
	using Potassco::xconvert;
	if (!x) { return 0; }
	const char* next = std::strchr(x, ',');
	uint32      base = 0;
	int         tok  = 1;
	if (errPos) { *errPos = x; }
	if (!next || !xconvert(next+1, base, &next, e) || base == 0)         { return 0; }
	if (strncasecmp(x, "f,", 2) == 0 || strncasecmp(x, "fixed,", 6) == 0){
		out = ScheduleStrategy::fixed(base);
	}
	else if (strncasecmp(x, "l,", 2) == 0 || strncasecmp(x, "luby,", 5) == 0) {
		uint32 lim = 0;
		if (*next == ',' && !xconvert(next+1, lim, &next, e)) { return 0; }
		out = ScheduleStrategy::luby(base, lim);
	}
	else if (strncmp(x, "+,", 2) == 0 || strncasecmp(x, "add,", 4) == 0) {
		std::pair<uint32, uint32> arg(0, 0);
		if (*next != ',' || !xconvert(next+1, arg, &next, e)) { return 0; }
		out = ScheduleStrategy::arith(base, arg.first, arg.second);
	}
	else if (strncmp(x, "x,", 2) == 0 || strncmp(x, "*,", 2) == 0 || strncasecmp(x, "d,", 2) == 0) {
		std::pair<double, uint32> arg(0, 0);
		if (*next != ',' || !xconvert(next+1, arg, &next, e)) { return 0; }
		if      (strncasecmp(x, "d", 1) == 0 && arg.first > 0.0) { out = ScheduleStrategy(ScheduleStrategy::User, base, arg.first, arg.second); }
		else if (strncasecmp(x, "d", 1) != 0 && arg.first >= 1.0){ out = ScheduleStrategy::geom(base, arg.first, arg.second); }
		else { return 0; }
	}
	else { next = x; tok = 0; }
	if (errPos) { *errPos = next; }
	return tok;
}
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const ScheduleStrategy& sched) {
	using Potassco::xconvert;
	if (sched.defaulted()){ return xconvert(out, ScheduleStrategy()); }
	if (sched.disabled()) { return out.append("0"); }
	std::size_t t = out.size();
	out.append("f,");
	xconvert(out, sched.base);
	switch (sched.type) {
		case ScheduleStrategy::Geometric:
			out[t] = 'x';
			return xconvert(out.append(1, ','), std::make_pair((double)sched.grow, sched.len));
		case ScheduleStrategy::Arithmetic:
			if (sched.grow) { out[t] = '+'; return xconvert(out.append(1, ','), std::make_pair((uint32)sched.grow, sched.len)); }
			else            { out[t] = 'f'; return out; }
		case ScheduleStrategy::Luby:
			out[t] = 'l';
			if (sched.len) { return xconvert(out.append(1, ','), sched.len); }
			else           { return out; }
		case ScheduleStrategy::User:
			out[t] = 'd';
			return xconvert(out.append(1, ','), std::make_pair((double)sched.grow, sched.len));
		default: POTASSCO_ASSERT(false, "xconvert(ScheduleStrategy): unknown type");
	}
}
static bool setOptLegacy(OptParams& out, uint32 n) {
	if (n >= 20) { return false; }
	out.type = n < 4  ? OptParams::type_bb : OptParams::type_usc;
	out.algo = n < 4  ? n : 0;
	out.opts = 0u;
	out.kLim = 0u;
	if (n > 3 && (n -= 4u) != 0u) {
		if (test_bit(n, 0)) { out.opts |= OptParams::usc_disjoint; }
		if (test_bit(n, 1)) { out.opts |= OptParams::usc_succinct; }
		if (test_bit(n, 2)) { out.algo = OptParams::usc_pmr; }
		if (test_bit(n, 3)) { out.opts |= OptParams::usc_stratify; }
	}
	return true;
}
static int xconvert(const char* x, OptParams& out, const char** err, int e) {
	using Potassco::xconvert;
	using Potassco::toString;
	const char* it = x, *next;
	unsigned n = 0u, len = 0u;
	OptParams::Type t;
	// clasp-3.0: <n>
	if (xconvert(it, n, &next, e) && setOptLegacy(out, n)) {
		it = next; ++len;
	}
	else if (xconvert(it, t, &next, e)) {
		setOptLegacy(out, uint32(t)*4);
		it = next; ++len;
		if (*it == ',') {
			union { OptParams::BBAlgo bb; OptParams::UscAlgo usc; } algo;
			if (xconvert(it+1, n, &next, e) && setOptLegacy(out, n + (uint32(t)*4))) { // clasp-3.2: (bb|usc),<n>
				it = next; ++len;
			}
			else if (t == OptParams::type_bb && xconvert(it+1, algo.bb, &next, e)) {
				out.algo = algo.bb;
				it = next; ++len;
			}
			else if (t == OptParams::type_usc) {
				Potassco::Set<OptParams::UscOption> opts(0);
				if (xconvert(it+1, algo.usc, &next, e)) {
					out.algo = algo.usc;
					it = next; ++len;
					if (*it == ',' && algo.usc == OptParams::usc_k && xconvert(it + 1, n, &next)) {
						SET_OR_FILL(out.kLim, n);
						it = next; ++len;
					}
				}
				if (*it == ',' && (xconvert(it + 1, Potassco::off, &next, e) || xconvert(it + 1, opts, &next, e))) {
					out.opts = opts.value();
					it = next; ++len;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	if (err) { *err = it; }
	return static_cast<int>(len);
}
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const OptParams& p) {
	xconvert(out, static_cast<OptParams::Type>(p.type));
	if (p.type == OptParams::type_usc) {
		xconvert(out.append(1, ','), static_cast<OptParams::UscAlgo>(p.algo));
		if (p.algo == OptParams::usc_k ) { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(1, ','), p.kLim); }
		if (p.opts) { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(1, ','), Potassco::Set<OptParams::UscOption>(p.opts)); }
	}
	else {
		xconvert(out.append(1, ','), static_cast<OptParams::BBAlgo>(p.algo));
	}
	return out;
}
static int xconvert(const char* x, SatPreParams& out, const char** err, int e) {
	using Potassco::xconvert;
	if (xconvert(x, Potassco::off, err, e)) {
		out = SatPreParams();
		return 1;
	}
	uint32 n, len = 0;
	const char *next;
	if (xconvert(x, n, &next, e) && SET(out.type, n)) {
		x = next; ++len;
		Potassco::KV kv[5] = {{"iter", 0}, {"occ", 0}, {"time", 0}, {"frozen", 0}, {"size", 4000}};
		Potassco::Span<Potassco::KV> map = Potassco::toSpan(kv, 5);
		for (uint32 id = 0; *x == ','; ++id, ++len) {
			const char* it = x;
			if (const Potassco::KV* val = Potassco::findValue(map, it + 1, &next, ":=")) {
				id = static_cast<uint32>(val - kv);
				it = next;
			}
			if (id > 4 || !xconvert(it + 1, kv[id].value, &next, e)) { break; }
			x = next;
		}
		SET_OR_ZERO(out.limIters,  unsigned(kv[0].value));
		SET_OR_ZERO(out.limOcc,    unsigned(kv[1].value));
		SET_OR_ZERO(out.limTime,   unsigned(kv[2].value));
		SET_OR_ZERO(out.limFrozen, unsigned(kv[3].value));
		SET_OR_ZERO(out.limClause, unsigned(kv[4].value));
	}
	if (err) { *err = x; }
	return static_cast<int>(len);
}
static std::string& xconvert(std::string& out, const SatPreParams& p) {
	if (p.type) {
		Potassco::xconvert(out, p.type);
		if (uint32 n = p.limIters)  { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(",iter="), n);   }
		if (uint32 n = p.limOcc)    { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(",occ="), n);    }
		if (uint32 n = p.limTime)   { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(",time="), n);   }
		if (uint32 n = p.limFrozen) { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(",frozen="), n); }
		if (uint32 n = p.limClause) { Potassco::xconvert(out.append(",size="), n); }
		return out;
	}
	else {
		return xconvert(out, Potassco::off);
	}
}
namespace Asp { using Clasp::xconvert; }
namespace mt  { using Clasp::xconvert; }
namespace Cli {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Option -> Key mapping
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// \cond
// Valid option keys.
enum OptionKey {
	detail__before_options = -1,
	meta_config = 0,
#define CLASP_CONTEXT_OPTIONS  GRP(option_category_nodes_end,   option_category_context_begin),
#define CLASP_GLOBAL_OPTIONS   GRP(option_category_context_end, option_category_global_begin),
#define CLASP_SOLVER_OPTIONS   GRP(option_category_global_end,  option_category_solver_begin),
#define CLASP_SEARCH_OPTIONS   GRP(option_category_solver_end,  option_category_search_begin),
#define CLASP_ASP_OPTIONS      GRP(option_category_search_end,  option_category_asp_begin),
#define CLASP_SOLVE_OPTIONS    GRP(option_category_asp_end,     option_category_solve_begin),
#define OPTION(k,e,...) opt_##k,
#define GROUP_BEGIN(X) X
#define GRP(X, Y) X, Y = X, detail__before_##Y = X - 1
#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_options.inl>
#undef GRP
	option_category_solve_end,
	detail__num_options = option_category_solve_end,
	meta_tester = detail__num_options
};
static inline bool isOption(int k)       { return k >= option_category_nodes_end && k < detail__num_options; }
static inline bool isGlobalOption(int k) { return k >= option_category_global_begin && k < option_category_global_end; }
static inline bool isTesterOption(int k) { return k >= option_category_nodes_end && k < option_category_search_end && !isGlobalOption(k); }
static inline bool isSolverOption(int k) { return k >= option_category_solver_begin && k < option_category_search_end; }
#if CLASP_HAS_THREADS
#define MANY_DESC  "        many  : Use default portfolio to configure solver(s)\n"
#define MANY_ARG   "|many"
#else
#define MANY_DESC
#define MANY_ARG   ""
#endif
#define KEY_INIT_DESC(desc) \
desc "      <arg>: {auto|frumpy|jumpy|tweety|handy|crafty|trendy" MANY_ARG "|<file>}\n" \
"        auto  : Select configuration based on problem type\n"                          \
"        frumpy: Use conservative defaults\n"                                           \
"        jumpy : Use aggressive defaults\n"                                             \
"        tweety: Use defaults geared towards asp problems\n"                            \
"        handy : Use defaults geared towards large problems\n"                          \
"        crafty: Use defaults geared towards crafted problems\n"                        \
"        trendy: Use defaults geared towards industrial problems\n"                     \
         MANY_DESC                                                                      \
"        <file>: Use configuration file to configure solver(s)"

struct NodeKey {
	const char* name;
	const char* desc;
	int16       skBegin;
	int16       skEnd;
	uint32      numSubkeys() const { return static_cast<uint32>( skEnd - skBegin ); }
};
enum { key_leaf = 0, key_solver = -1, key_asp = -2, key_solve = -3, key_tester = -4, key_root = -5 };
// nodes_g[-k]: entry for key k
static const NodeKey nodes_g[] = {
/* 0: config */ {"configuration", KEY_INIT_DESC("Initializes this configuration\n"), 0,0},
/* 1: */ {"solver", "Solver Options", option_category_solver_begin, option_category_search_end},
/* 2: */ {"asp"   , "Asp Options"   , option_category_asp_begin, option_category_asp_end},
/* 3: */ {"solve" , "Solve Options" , option_category_solve_begin, option_category_solve_end},
/* 4: */ {"tester", "Tester Options", key_solver, option_category_context_end},
/* 5: */ {""      , "Options"       , key_tester, option_category_global_end}
};
static uint32 makeKeyHandle(int16 kId, uint32 mode, uint32 sId) {
	assert(sId <= 255 && mode <= 255);
	return (mode << 24) | (sId << 16) | static_cast<uint16>(kId);
}
static int16 decodeKey(uint32 key)   { return static_cast<int16>(static_cast<uint16>(key)); }
static uint8 decodeMode(uint32 key)  { return static_cast<uint8>( (key >> 24) ); }
static uint8 decodeSolver(uint32 key){ return static_cast<uint8>( (key >> 16) ); }
static bool  isValidId(int16 id)     { return id >= key_root && id < detail__num_options; }
static bool  isLeafId(int16 id)      { return id >= key_leaf && id < detail__num_options; }
const ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::KEY_INVALID = static_cast<ClaspCliConfig::KeyType>(-1);
const ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::KEY_ROOT    = makeKeyHandle(key_root, 0, 0);
const ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::KEY_SOLVER  = makeKeyHandle(key_solver, 0, 0);
const ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::KEY_TESTER  = makeKeyHandle(key_tester, ClaspCliConfig::mode_tester, 0);

struct Name2Id {
	const char* name; int key;
	bool operator<(const Name2Id& rhs) const { return std::strcmp(name, rhs.name) < 0; }
};
static Name2Id options_g[detail__num_options+1] = {
	{"configuration", meta_config},
#define OPTION(k, e, ...) { #k, opt_##k },
#define CLASP_CONTEXT_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_GLOBAL_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVER_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SEARCH_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_ASP_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVE_OPTIONS
#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_options.inl>
	{"tester"       , meta_tester}
};
struct ClaspCliConfig::OptIndex {
	OptIndex(Name2Id* first, Name2Id* last) {
		std::sort(begin = first, end = last);
	}
	Name2Id* find(const char* name) const {
		Name2Id temp = { name, 0 };
		Name2Id* it  = std::lower_bound(begin, end, temp);
		if (it != end && std::strcmp(it->name, name) == 0) { return it; }
		return 0;
	}
	Name2Id* begin;
	Name2Id* end;
};
ClaspCliConfig::OptIndex ClaspCliConfig::index_g(options_g, options_g + detail__num_options+1);
/// \endcond
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Interface to ProgramOptions
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Converts option key to command-line option name.
static void keyToCliName(std::string& out, const char* n, const char* ext) {
	out.clear();
	for (const char* x; (x = std::strchr(n, '_')) != 0; n = ++x) {
		out.append(n, x-n);
		out.append(1, '-');
	}
	out.append(n).append(ext);
}
// Converts command-line option name to option key.
static void cliNameToKey(std::string& out, const char* n) {
	out.clear();
	for (const char* x; (x = std::strchr(n, '-')) != 0; n = ++x) {
		out.append(n, x-n);
		out.append(1, '_');
	}
	out.append(n);
}
// Type for storing one command-line option.
class ClaspCliConfig::ProgOption : public Potassco::ProgramOptions::Value {
public:
	ProgOption(ClaspCliConfig& c, int o) : Potassco::ProgramOptions::Value(0), config_(&c), option_(o) {}
	bool doParse(const std::string& opt, const std::string& value) {
		int ret = isOption(option_) ? config_->setActive(option_, value.c_str()) : config_->setAppOpt(option_, value.c_str());
		if (ret == -1) { throw Potassco::ProgramOptions::UnknownOption(config_->isGenerator() ? "<clasp>" : "<tester>", opt); }
		return ret > 0;
	}
	int option() const { return option_; }
private:
	ClaspCliConfig* config_;
	int             option_;
};

// Adapter for parsing a command string.
struct ClaspCliConfig::ParseContext : public Potassco::ProgramOptions::ParseContext{
	typedef Potassco::ProgramOptions::SharedOptPtr OptPtr;
	ParseContext(ClaspCliConfig& x, const char* c, const ParsedOpts* ex, bool allowMeta, ParsedOpts* o)
		: self(&x), config(c), exclude(ex), out(o), meta(allowMeta) { seen[0] = seen[1] = 0;  }
	OptPtr getOption(const char* name, FindType ft);
	OptPtr getOption(int, const char* key) { throw Potassco::ProgramOptions::UnknownOption(config, key); }
	void   addValue(const OptPtr& key, const std::string& value);
	uint64            seen[2];
	std::string       temp;
	ClaspCliConfig*   self;
	const char*       config;
	const ParsedOpts* exclude;
	ParsedOpts*       out;
	bool              meta;
};
void ClaspCliConfig::ParseContext::addValue(const OptPtr& key, const std::string& value) {
	using namespace Potassco::ProgramOptions;
	if (exclude->count(key->name()) == 0) {
		ProgOption* v = static_cast<ProgOption*>(key->value());
		Value::State s= v->state();
		int        id = v->option();
		uint64&    xs = seen[id/64];
		uint64      m = static_cast<uint64>(1u) << (id & 63);
		if ((xs & m) != 0 && !v->isComposing()){ throw ValueError(config, ValueError::multiple_occurrences, key->name(), value); }
		if (!v->parse(key->name(), value, s))  { throw ValueError(config, ValueError::invalid_value, key->name(), value); }
		if (out) { out->add(key->name()); }
		xs |= m;
	}
}
Potassco::ProgramOptions::SharedOptPtr ClaspCliConfig::ParseContext::getOption(const char* cmdName, FindType ft) {
	Options::option_iterator end = self->opts_->end(), it = end;
	if (ft == OptionContext::find_alias) {
		char a = cmdName[*cmdName == '-'];
		for (it = self->opts_->begin(); it != end && it->get()->alias() != a; ++it) { ; }
	}
	else {
		Name2Id  key = { cmdName, -2 };
		if (std::strchr(cmdName, '-') != 0) { cliNameToKey(temp, cmdName); key.name = temp.c_str(); }
		Name2Id* pos = std::lower_bound(self->index_g.begin, self->index_g.end, key);
		if (pos != self->index_g.end) {
			std::size_t len = std::strlen(key.name);
			int  cmp        = std::strncmp(key.name, pos->name, len);
			bool found      = cmp == 0 && !*(pos->name+len);
			if (!found && cmp == 0 && (ft & OptionContext::find_prefix) != 0) {
				Name2Id* next = pos + 1;
				cmp           = next != self->index_g.end ? std::strncmp(key.name, next->name, len) : -1;
				found         = cmp != 0;
				if (!found) { throw Potassco::ProgramOptions::AmbiguousOption(config, cmdName, ""); }
			}
			if (found) { it = self->opts_->begin() + pos->key; }
		}
		assert(it == end || static_cast<const ProgOption*>(it->get()->value())->option() == pos->key);
	}
	if (it != end && (meta || isOption(static_cast<const ProgOption*>(it->get()->value())->option()))) {
		return *it;
	}
	throw Potassco::ProgramOptions::UnknownOption(config, cmdName);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Default Configs
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
ConfigIter ClaspCliConfig::getConfig(ConfigKey k) {
	switch(k) {
		#define CONFIG(id, n,c,s,p) case config_##n: return ConfigIter("/[" #n "]\0/\0/" s " " c "\0");
		#define CLASP_CLI_DEFAULT_CONFIGS
		#define CLASP_CLI_AUX_CONFIGS
		#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_configs.inl>
		case config_many:
		#define CONFIG(id,n,c,s,p) "/[solver." #id "]\0/\0/" c " " p "\0"
		#define CLASP_CLI_DEFAULT_CONFIGS
		#define CLASP_CLI_AUX_CONFIGS
			return ConfigIter(
				#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_configs.inl>
				);
		default: POTASSCO_REQUIRE(k == config_default, "Invalid config key '%d'", (int)k); return ConfigIter("/default\0/\0/\0");
	}
}
ConfigIter ClaspCliConfig::getConfig(uint8 key, std::string& tempMem) {
	POTASSCO_REQUIRE(key <= (config_max_value + 1), "Invalid key!");
	if (key < config_max_value) { return getConfig(static_cast<ConfigKey>(key)); }
	tempMem.clear();
	loadConfig(tempMem, config_[key - config_max_value].c_str());
	return ConfigIter(tempMem.data());
}
int ClaspCliConfig::getConfigKey(const char* k) {
	ConfigKey ret;
	return Potassco::string_cast(k, ret) ? ret : -1;
}
static inline const char* skipWs(const char* x) {
	while (*x == ' ' || *x == '\t') { ++x; }
	return x;
}
static inline const char* getIdent(const char* x, std::string& to) {
	for (x = skipWs(x); std::strchr(" \t:()[]", *x) == 0; ++x) { to += *x; }
	return x;
}
static inline bool matchSep(const char*& x, char c) {
	if (*(x = skipWs(x)) == c) { ++x; return true; }
	return false;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::appendConfig(std::string& to, const std::string& line) {
	std::size_t sz = to.size();
	const char*  x = skipWs(line.c_str());
	const bool   p = matchSep(x, '[');
	to.append("/[", 2);
	// match name in optional square brackets
	bool ok = matchSep(x = getIdent(x, to), ']') == p;
	to.append("]\0/", 3);
	// match optional base in parentheses followed by start of option list
	if (ok && (!matchSep(x, '(') || matchSep((x = getIdent(x, to)), ')')) && matchSep(x, ':')) {
		to.append("\0/", 2);
		to.append(skipWs(x));
		to.erase(to.find_last_not_of(" \t") + 1);
		to.append(1, '\0');
		return true;
	}
	to.resize(sz);
	return false;
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::loadConfig(std::string& to, const char* name) {
	std::ifstream file(name);
	POTASSCO_EXPECT(file, "Could not open config file '%s'", name);
	uint32 lineNum= 0;
	for (std::string line, cont; std::getline(file, line); ) {
		++lineNum;
		line.erase(0, line.find_first_not_of(" \t"));
		if (line.empty() || line[0] == '#') { continue; }
		if (*line.rbegin() == '\\')         { *line.rbegin() = ' '; cont += line; continue; }
		if (!cont.empty()) { cont += line; cont.swap(line); cont.clear(); }
		POTASSCO_EXPECT(appendConfig(to, line), "'%s@%u': Invalid configuration", name, lineNum);
	}
	to.append(1, '\0');
	return true;
}
const char* ClaspCliConfig::getDefaults(ProblemType t) {
	if (t == Problem_t::Asp){ return "--configuration=tweety"; }
	else                    { return "--configuration=trendy"; }
}
ConfigIter::ConfigIter(const char* x) : base_(x) {}
const char* ConfigIter::name() const { return base_ + 1; }
const char* ConfigIter::base() const { return base_ + std::strlen(base_) + 2; }
const char* ConfigIter::args() const { const char* x = base(); return x + std::strlen(x) + 2; }
bool        ConfigIter::valid()const { return *base_ != 0; }
bool        ConfigIter::next()       {
	base_ = args();
	base_+= std::strlen(base_) + 1;
	return valid();
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ClaspCliConfig
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
ClaspCliConfig::ScopedSet::ScopedSet(ClaspCliConfig& s, uint8 mode, uint32 sId) : self(&s) {
	if (sId) { mode |= mode_solver; }
	s.cliId   = static_cast<uint8>(sId);
	s.cliMode = mode;
}
ClaspCliConfig::ScopedSet::~ScopedSet() { self->cliId = self->cliMode = 0; }
ClaspCliConfig::RawConfig::RawConfig(const char* name) {
	raw.append(1, '/').append(name ? name : "").append("\0/\0/", 4);
}
void ClaspCliConfig::RawConfig::addArg(const char* arg) {
	*raw.rbegin() = ' ';
	raw.append(arg ? arg : "").append(1, '\0');
}
void ClaspCliConfig::RawConfig::addArg(const std::string& arg) { addArg(arg.c_str()); }
ClaspCliConfig::ClaspCliConfig()  {
	initTester_ = true;
	static_assert(
		(option_category_context_begin< option_category_solver_begin) &&
		(option_category_solver_begin < option_category_search_begin) &&
		(option_category_search_begin < option_category_asp_begin)    &&
		(option_category_asp_begin    < option_category_solve_begin)  &&
		(option_category_solve_begin  < option_category_solve_end), "unexpected option order");
}
ClaspCliConfig::~ClaspCliConfig() {}
void ClaspCliConfig::reset() {
	config_[0] = config_[1] = "";
	initTester_ = true;
	ClaspConfig::reset();
}

void ClaspCliConfig::prepare(SharedContext& ctx) {
	if (testerConfig()) {
		// Force init
		ClaspCliConfig::config("tester");
	}
	ClaspConfig::prepare(ctx);
}
Configuration* ClaspCliConfig::config(const char* n) {
	if (n && std::strcmp(n, "tester") == 0) {
		if (!testerConfig() || (!testerConfig()->hasConfig && initTester_)) {
			setAppOpt(meta_tester, "--config=auto");
			initTester_ = false;
		}
		return testerConfig();
	}
	return ClaspConfig::config(n);
}

ClaspCliConfig::ProgOption* ClaspCliConfig::createOption(int o) {  return new ProgOption(*this, o); }

void ClaspCliConfig::createOptions() {
	if (opts_.get()) { return; }
	opts_ = new Options();
	using namespace Potassco::ProgramOptions;
	opts_->addOptions()("configuration", createOption(meta_config)->defaultsTo("auto")->state(Value::value_defaulted), KEY_INIT_DESC("Set default configuration [%D]\n"));
	std::string cmdName;
#define CLASP_CONTEXT_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_GLOBAL_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVE_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_ASP_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SOLVER_OPTIONS
#define CLASP_SEARCH_OPTIONS
#define OPTION(k, e, a, d, ...) keyToCliName(cmdName, #k, e); opts_->addOptions()(cmdName.c_str(),static_cast<ProgOption*>( createOption(opt_##k)a ), d);
#define ARG(a) ->a
#define ARG_EXT(a, X) ARG(a)
#define NO_ARG
#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_options.inl>
	opts_->addOptions()("tester", createOption(meta_tester)->arg("<options>"), "Pass (quoted) string of %A to tester");
}
void ClaspCliConfig::addOptions(OptionContext& root) {
	createOptions();
	using namespace Potassco::ProgramOptions;
	OptionGroup configOpts("Clasp.Config Options");
	OptionGroup ctxOpts("Clasp.Context Options", Potassco::ProgramOptions::desc_level_e1);
	OptionGroup solving("Clasp.Solving Options");
	OptionGroup aspOpts("Clasp.ASP Options", Potassco::ProgramOptions::desc_level_e1);
	OptionGroup search("Clasp.Search Options", Potassco::ProgramOptions::desc_level_e1);
	OptionGroup lookback("Clasp.Lookback Options", Potassco::ProgramOptions::desc_level_e1);
	configOpts.addOption(*opts_->begin());
	configOpts.addOption(*(opts_->end()-1));
	for (Options::option_iterator it = opts_->begin() + 1, end = opts_->end() - 1; it != end; ++it) {
		int oId = static_cast<ProgOption*>(it->get()->value())->option();
		if      (isGlobalOption(oId))               { configOpts.addOption(*it);}
		else if (oId < option_category_context_end) { ctxOpts.addOption(*it); }
		else if (oId < opt_no_lookback)             { search.addOption(*it); }
		else if (oId < option_category_solver_end)  { lookback.addOption(*it); }
		else if (oId < opt_restarts)                { search.addOption(*it); }
		else if (oId < option_category_search_end)  { lookback.addOption(*it); }
		else if (oId < option_category_asp_end)     { aspOpts.addOption(*it); }
		else                                        { solving.addOption(*it); }
	}
	root.add(configOpts).add(ctxOpts).add(aspOpts).add(solving).add(search).add(lookback);
	root.addAlias("number", root.find("models")); // remove on next version
	root.addAlias("opt-sat", root.find("parse-maxsat")); // remove on next version
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::assignDefaults(const Potassco::ProgramOptions::ParsedOptions& exclude) {
	for (Options::option_iterator it = opts_->begin(), end = opts_->end(); it != end; ++it) {
		const Potassco::ProgramOptions::Option& o = **it;
		POTASSCO_REQUIRE(exclude.count(o.name()) != 0 || o.assignDefault(), "Option '%s': invalid default value '%s'\n", o.name().c_str(), o.value()->defaultsTo());
	}
	return true;
}
void ClaspCliConfig::releaseOptions() {
	opts_ = 0;
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::match(const char*& path, const char* what) const {
	std::size_t wLen = std::strlen(what);
	if (strncmp(path, what, wLen) != 0 || (path[wLen] && path[wLen++] != '.')) {
		return false;
	}
	path += wLen;
	return true;
}
ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::getKey(KeyType k, const char* path) const {
	int16 id = decodeKey(k);
	if (!isValidId(id) || !path || !*path || (*path == '.' && !*++path)) {
		return k;
	}
	if (isLeafId(id)){ return KEY_INVALID; }
	const NodeKey& x = nodes_g[-id];
	for (int16 sk = x.skBegin; sk != x.skEnd && sk < 0; ++sk) {
		NodeKey sub = nodes_g[-sk];
		if (match(path, sub.name)) {
			KeyType ret = makeKeyHandle(sk, (sk == key_tester ? mode_tester : 0) | decodeMode(k), 0);
			if (!*path) { return ret; }
			return getKey(ret, path);
		}
	}
	uint8 mode = decodeMode(k);
	if (id == key_solver) {
		uint32 solverId;
		if ((mode & mode_solver) == 0 && *path != '.' && Potassco::xconvert(path, solverId, &path, 0) == 1) {
			return getKey(makeKeyHandle(id, mode | mode_solver, std::min(solverId, (uint32)uint8(-1))), path);
		}
		mode |= mode_solver;
	}
	const Name2Id* opt = index_g.find(path);
	// remaining name must be a valid option in our subkey range
	if (!opt || opt->key < x.skBegin || opt->key >= x.skEnd) {
		return KEY_INVALID;
	}
	return makeKeyHandle(static_cast<int16>(opt->key), mode, decodeSolver(k));
}

ClaspCliConfig::KeyType ClaspCliConfig::getArrKey(KeyType k, unsigned i) const {
	int16 id = decodeKey(k);
	if (id != key_solver || (decodeMode(k) & mode_solver) != 0 || i >= solve.supportedSolvers()) { return KEY_INVALID; }
	return makeKeyHandle(id, decodeMode(k) | mode_solver, i);
}
int ClaspCliConfig::getKeyInfo(KeyType k, int* nSubkeys, int* arrLen, const char** help, int* nValues) const {
	int16 id = decodeKey(k);
	int ret  = 0;
	if (!isValidId(id)){ return -1; }
	if (isLeafId(id)){
		if (nSubkeys && ++ret) { *nSubkeys = 0;  }
		if (arrLen && ++ret)   { *arrLen   = -1; }
		if (nValues && ++ret)  { *nValues  = static_cast<int>( (decodeMode(k) & mode_tester) == 0 || testerConfig() != 0 ); }
		if (help && ++ret)     { getActive(id, 0, help, 0); }
		return ret;
	}
	const NodeKey& x = nodes_g[-id];
	if (nSubkeys && ++ret) { *nSubkeys = x.numSubkeys(); }
	if (nValues && ++ret)  { *nValues = -1; }
	if (help && ++ret)     { *help = x.desc; }
	if (arrLen && ++ret)   {
		*arrLen = -1;
		if (id == key_solver && (decodeMode(k) & mode_solver) == 0) {
			const UserConfig* c = (decodeMode(k) & mode_tester) == 0 ? this : testerConfig();
			*arrLen = c ? (int)c->numSolver() : 0;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::isLeafKey(KeyType k) { return isLeafId(decodeKey(k)); }
const char* ClaspCliConfig::getSubkey(KeyType k, uint32 i) const {
	int16 id = decodeKey(k);
	if (!isValidId(id) || isLeafId(id)) { return 0; }
	const NodeKey& nk = nodes_g[-id];
	if (i >= nk.numSubkeys()) { return 0; }
	int sk = nk.skBegin + static_cast<int16>(i);
	if (sk < key_leaf) { return nodes_g[-sk].name; }
	const char* opt = 0;
	getActive(sk, 0, 0, &opt);
	return opt;
}
int ClaspCliConfig::getValue(KeyType key, std::string& out) const {
	int16 id = decodeKey(key);
	if (!isLeafId(id)) { return -1; }
	try {
		int ret = ScopedSet(const_cast<ClaspCliConfig&>(*this), decodeMode(key), decodeSolver(key))->getActive(id, &out, 0, 0);
		return ret > 0 ? static_cast<int>(out.length()) : ret;
	}
	catch (...) { return -2; }
}
int ClaspCliConfig::getValue(KeyType key, char* buffer, std::size_t bufSize) const {
	std::string temp;
	int ret = getValue(key, temp);
	if (ret <= 0) { return ret; }
	if (buffer && bufSize) {
		std::size_t n = temp.length() >= bufSize ? bufSize - 1 : temp.length();
		std::memcpy(buffer, temp.c_str(), n * sizeof(char));
		buffer[n] = 0;
	}
	return static_cast<int>(temp.length());
}
std::string ClaspCliConfig::getValue(const char* path) const {
	std::string temp;
	POTASSCO_REQUIRE(getValue(getKey(KEY_ROOT, path), temp) >= 0, "Invalid key: '%s'", path);
	return temp;
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::hasValue(const char* path) const {
	int nVals;
	return getKeyInfo(getKey(KEY_ROOT, path), 0, 0, 0, &nVals) == 1 && nVals > 0;
}

int ClaspCliConfig::setValue(KeyType key, const char* value) {
	int16 id = decodeKey(key);
	if (!isLeafId(id)) { return -1; }
	if ((decodeMode(key) & mode_tester) != 0) {
		addTesterConfig();
		initTester_ = false;
	}
	ScopedSet scope(*this, decodeMode(key), decodeSolver(key));
	try         { return setActive(id, value); }
	catch (...) { return -2; }
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::setValue(const char* path, const char* value) {
	int ret = setValue(getKey(KEY_ROOT, path), value);
	POTASSCO_REQUIRE(ret >= 0, (ret == -1 ? "Invalid or incomplete key: '%s'" : "Value error in key: '%s'"), path);
	return ret != 0;
}

int ClaspCliConfig::applyActive(int o, const char* _val_, std::string* _val_out_, const char** _desc_out_, const char** _name_out_) {
	UserConfig*    active = this->active();
	uint32         sId    = cliId;
	SolverOpts*    solver = 0;
	SearchOpts*    search = 0;
	ContextParams* ctxOpts= active;
	if (_name_out_) { *_name_out_ = 0; }
	if (_val_ || _val_out_) {
		if (!active || (active == testerConfig() && !isTesterOption(o)) || ((cliMode & mode_solver) != 0 && !isSolverOption(o))) {
			o = (cliMode & mode_relaxed) != 0 ? detail__before_options : detail__num_options;
		}
		else if (isSolverOption(o)) {
			solver = &active->addSolver(sId);
			search = &active->addSearch(sId);
		}
	}
	if (!isOption(o)) {
		return o == detail__before_options ? int(_val_ != 0) : -1;
	}
	// action & helper macros used in get/set
	using Potassco::xconvert; using Potassco::off; using Potassco::opt;
	using Potassco::stringTo; using Potassco::toString; using Potassco::Set;
	#define ITE(c, a, b)            (!!(c) ? (a) : (b))
	#define FUN(x)                  for (Potassco::ArgString x = _val_;;)
	#define STORE(obj)              { return stringTo((_val_), obj); }
	#define STORE_LEQ(x, y)         { unsigned __n; return stringTo(_val_, __n) && SET_LEQ(x, __n, y); }
	#define STORE_FLAG(x)           { bool __b; return stringTo(_val_, __b) && SET(x, static_cast<unsigned>(__b)); }
	#define STORE_OR_FILL(x)        { unsigned __n; return stringTo(_val_, __n) && SET_OR_FILL(x, __n); }
	#define STORE_U(E, x)           { E __e; return stringTo((_val_), __e) && SET(x, static_cast<unsigned>(__e));}
	#define GET_FUN(x)              Potassco::StringRef x(*_val_out_); if (!x.out);else
	#define GET(...)                *_val_out_ = toString( __VA_ARGS__ )
	#define GET_IF(c, ...)          *_val_out_ = ITE((c), toString(__VA_ARGS__), toString(off))
	switch(static_cast<OptionKey>(o)) {
		default: return -1;
		#define OPTION(k, e, a, d, x, v) \
		case opt_##k:\
			if (_name_out_){ *_name_out_ = #k ; }\
			if (_val_) try { x ; }catch(...) {return 0;}\
			if (_val_out_) { v ; }\
			if (_desc_out_){ *_desc_out_ = d; }\
			return 1;
		#define CLASP_CONTEXT_OPTIONS (*ctxOpts)
		#define CLASP_GLOBAL_OPTIONS (*this)
		#define CLASP_ASP_OPTIONS asp
		#define CLASP_SOLVE_OPTIONS solve
		#define CLASP_SOLVER_OPTIONS (*solver)
		#define CLASP_SEARCH_OPTIONS (*search)
		#define CLASP_SEARCH_RESTART_OPTIONS search->restart
		#define CLASP_SEARCH_REDUCE_OPTIONS search->reduce
		#include <clasp/cli/clasp_cli_options.inl>
	}
	#undef FUN
	#undef STORE
	#undef STORE_LEQ
	#undef STORE_FLAG
	#undef STORE_OR_FILL
	#undef GET_IF
	#undef GET
	#undef ITE
}

int ClaspCliConfig::setActive(int id, const char* setVal) {
	if      (isOption(id))     { return applyActive(id, setVal ? setVal : "", 0, 0, 0); }
	else if (id == meta_config){
		int sz = setAppOpt(id, setVal);
		if (sz <= 0) { return 0; }
		std::string m;
		UserConfig* act = active();
		ConfigIter it  = getConfig(act->cliConfig, m);
		act->hasConfig = 0;
		cliMode       |= mode_relaxed;
		act->resize(1, 1);
		for (uint32 sId = 0; it.valid(); it.next()) {
			act->addSolver(sId);
			act->addSearch(sId);
			cliId = static_cast<uint8>(sId);
			if (!setConfig(it, false, ParsedOpts(), 0)){ return 0; }
			if (++sId == static_cast<uint32>(sz))      { break; }
			cliMode |= mode_solver;
		}
		if (sz < 65 && static_cast<uint32>(sz) > act->numSolver()) {
			for (uint32 sId = act->numSolver(), mod = sId, end = static_cast<uint32>(sz); sId != end; ++sId) {
				SolverParams& solver = act->addSolver(sId);
				SolveParams&  search = act->addSearch(sId);
				(solver = act->solver(sId % mod)).setId(sId);
				search = act->search(sId % mod);
			}
		}
		return static_cast<int>((act->hasConfig = 1) == 1);
	}
	else { return -1; }
}

int ClaspCliConfig::getActive(int o, std::string* val, const char** desc, const char** opt) const {
	if      (isOption(o))     { return const_cast<ClaspCliConfig&>(*this).applyActive(o, 0, val, desc, opt); }
	else if (!active())       { return -1; }
	else if (o == meta_config){
		const NodeKey& n = nodes_g[-o];
		if (val)  {
			uint8 k = (ConfigKey)active()->cliConfig;
			if (k < config_max_value) { xconvert(*val, static_cast<ConfigKey>(k)); }
			else                      { val->append(config_[!isGenerator()]); }
		}
		if (desc) { *desc = n.desc; }
		if (opt)  { *opt  = n.name; }
		return 1;
	}
	else { return -1; }
}
int ClaspCliConfig::setAppOpt(int o, const char* _val_) {
	if (o == meta_config) {
		std::pair<ConfigKey, uint32> defC(config_default, INT_MAX);
		if (Potassco::stringTo(_val_, defC)) { active()->cliConfig = (uint8)defC.first; }
		else {
			POTASSCO_EXPECT(std::ifstream(_val_).is_open(), "Could not open config file '%s'", _val_);
			config_[!isGenerator()] = _val_; active()->cliConfig = config_max_value + !isGenerator();
		}
		return Range<uint32>(0, INT_MAX).clamp(defC.second);
	}
	else if (o == meta_tester && isGenerator()) {
		addTesterConfig();
		initTester_ = false;
		RawConfig config("<tester>");
		config.addArg(_val_);
		ParsedOpts ex;
		bool ret = ScopedSet(*this, mode_tester)->setConfig(config.iterator(), true, ParsedOpts(), &ex);
		return ret && finalizeAppConfig(testerConfig(), finalizeParsed(testerConfig(), ex, ex), Problem_t::Asp, true);
	}
	return -1; // invalid option
}
bool ClaspCliConfig::setAppDefaults(UserConfig* active, uint32 sId, const ParsedOpts& cmdLine, ProblemType t) {
	ScopedSet temp(*this, (active == this ? 0 : mode_tester) | mode_relaxed, sId);
	if (sId == 0 && t != Problem_t::Asp && cmdLine.count("sat-prepro") == 0) {
		setActive(opt_sat_prepro, "2,iter=20,occ=25,time=120");
	}
	if (active->addSolver(sId).search == SolverParams::no_learning) {
		if (cmdLine.count("heuristic") == 0) { setActive(opt_heuristic, "unit"); }
		if (cmdLine.count("lookahead") == 0) { setActive(opt_lookahead, "atom"); }
		if (cmdLine.count("deletion")  == 0) { setActive(opt_deletion, "no"); }
		if (cmdLine.count("restarts")  == 0) { setActive(opt_restarts, "no"); }
	}
	return true;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::setConfig(const ConfigIter& config, bool allowMeta, const ParsedOpts& exclude, ParsedOpts* out) {
	createOptions();
	ParseContext ctx(*this, config.name(), &exclude, allowMeta, out);
	Potassco::ProgramOptions::parseCommandString(config.args(), ctx, Potassco::ProgramOptions::command_line_allow_flag_value);
	return true;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::validate() {
	UserConfiguration* arr[3] = { this, testerConfig(), 0 };
	UserConfiguration** c     = arr;
	const char* ctx = *c == this ? "config":"tester";
	const char* err = 0;
	do {
		for (uint32 i = 0; i != (*c)->numSolver(); ++i) {
			POTASSCO_REQUIRE((err = Clasp::Cli::validate((*c)->solver(i), (*c)->search(i))) == 0, "<%s>.%u: %s", ctx, i, err);
		}
	} while (*++c);
	return true;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::finalize(const ParsedOpts& x, ProblemType t, bool defs) {
	ParsedOpts temp;
	return finalizeAppConfig(this, finalizeParsed(this, x, temp), t, defs);
}

void ClaspCliConfig::addDisabled(ParsedOpts& parsed) {
	finalizeParsed(this, parsed, parsed);
}

const ClaspCliConfig::ParsedOpts& ClaspCliConfig::finalizeParsed(UserConfig* active, const ParsedOpts& parsed, ParsedOpts& exclude) const {
	bool copied = &parsed == &exclude;
	if (active->search(0).reduce.fReduce() == 0 && parsed.count("deletion") != 0) {
		if (!copied) { exclude = parsed; copied = true; }
		exclude.add("del-cfl");
		exclude.add("del-max");
		exclude.add("del-grow");
	}
	return !copied ? parsed : exclude;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::finalizeAppConfig(UserConfig* active, const ParsedOpts& parsed, ProblemType t, bool defs) {
	if (defs && !setAppDefaults(active, 0, parsed, t)) { return false; }
	SolverParams defSolver = active->solver(0);
	SolveParams  defSearch = active->search(0);
	if (active->hasConfig) { return true; }
	uint8 c = active->cliConfig;
	if (c == config_many && solve.numSolver() == 1) { c = config_default; }
	if (c == config_default) {
		if      (defSolver.search == SolverParams::no_learning)       { c = config_nolearn; }
		else if (active == testerConfig())                            { c = config_tester_default; }
		else if (solve.numSolver() == 1 || !solve.defaultPortfolio()) { c = t == Problem_t::Asp ? (uint8)config_asp_default : (uint8)config_sat_default; }
		else                                                          { c = config_many; }
	}
	std::string m;
	ConfigIter conf = getConfig(c, m);
	uint8  mode     = (active == testerConfig() ? mode_tester : 0) | mode_relaxed;
	uint32 portSize = 0;
	const char* ctx = active == testerConfig() ? "tester" : "config", *err = 0;
	for (uint32 i = 0; i != solve.numSolver() && conf.valid(); ++i) {
		SolverParams& solver = (active->addSolver(i) = defSolver).setId(i);
		SolveParams&  search = (active->addSearch(i) = defSearch);
		ConfigKey     baseK  = config_default;
		POTASSCO_REQUIRE(!*conf.base() || Potassco::stringTo(conf.base(), baseK), "<%s>.%s: '%s': Invalid base config!", ctx, conf.name(), conf.base());
		if (baseK != config_default && !ScopedSet(*this, mode|mode_solver, i)->setConfig(getConfig(baseK), false, parsed, 0)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!ScopedSet(*this, mode, i)->setConfig(conf, false, parsed, 0)) {
			return false;
		}
		POTASSCO_REQUIRE((err = Clasp::Cli::validate(solver, search)) == 0, "<%s>.%s : %s", ctx, conf.name(), err);
		++portSize;
		conf.next();
		mode |= mode_solver;
	}
	active->hasConfig = 1;
	return true;
}

bool ClaspCliConfig::setAppConfig(const RawConfig& config, ProblemType t) {
	Potassco::ProgramOptions::ParsedOptions exclude;
	reset();
	return setConfig(config.iterator(), true, exclude, &exclude) && assignDefaults(exclude) && finalize(exclude, t, true);
}

const char* validate(const SolverParams& solver, const SolveParams& search) {
	const ReduceParams& reduce = search.reduce;
	if (solver.search == SolverParams::no_learning) {
		if (Heuristic_t::isLookback(solver.heuId)) return "Heuristic requires lookback strategy!";
		if (!search.restart.sched.disabled() && !search.restart.sched.defaulted()) return "'no-lookback': restart options disabled!";
		if (!reduce.cflSched.disabled() || (!reduce.growSched.disabled() && !reduce.growSched.defaulted()) || search.reduce.fReduce() != 0) return "'no-lookback': deletion options disabled!";
	}
	bool  hasSched = !reduce.cflSched.disabled() || !reduce.growSched.disabled() || reduce.maxRange != UINT32_MAX;
	if (hasSched  && reduce.fReduce() == 0.0f && !reduce.growSched.defaulted()) return "'no-deletion': deletion strategies disabled!";
	if (!hasSched && reduce.fReduce() != 0.0f && !reduce.growSched.defaulted()) return "'deletion': deletion strategy required!";
	return 0;
}
}}