1 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2    LAMMPS - Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator
3    https://www.lammps.org/, Sandia National Laboratories
4    Steve Plimpton, sjplimp@sandia.gov
5 
6    Copyright (2003) Sandia Corporation.  Under the terms of Contract
7    DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation, the U.S. Government retains
8    certain rights in this software.  This software is distributed under
9    the GNU General Public License.
10 
11    See the README file in the top-level LAMMPS directory.
12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
13 
14 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
15    Contributing author: Paul Crozier (SNL)
16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
17 
18 #include "pair_coul_long.h"
19 
20 #include "atom.h"
21 #include "comm.h"
22 #include "error.h"
23 #include "force.h"
24 #include "kspace.h"
25 #include "memory.h"
26 #include "neigh_list.h"
27 #include "neighbor.h"
28 
29 #include <cmath>
30 #include <cstring>
31 
32 using namespace LAMMPS_NS;
33 
34 #define EWALD_F 1.12837917
35 #define EWALD_P 0.3275911
36 #define A1 0.254829592
37 #define A2 -0.284496736
38 #define A3 1.421413741
39 #define A4 -1.453152027
40 #define A5 1.061405429
41 
42 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
43 
PairCoulLong(LAMMPS * lmp)44 PairCoulLong::PairCoulLong(LAMMPS *lmp) : Pair(lmp)
45 {
46   ewaldflag = pppmflag = 1;
47   ftable = nullptr;
48   qdist = 0.0;
49   cut_respa = nullptr;
50 }
51 
52 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
53 
~PairCoulLong()54 PairCoulLong::~PairCoulLong()
55 {
56   if (copymode) return;
57 
58   if (allocated) {
59     memory->destroy(setflag);
60     memory->destroy(cutsq);
61 
62     memory->destroy(scale);
63   }
64   if (ftable) free_tables();
65 }
66 
67 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
68 
compute(int eflag,int vflag)69 void PairCoulLong::compute(int eflag, int vflag)
70 {
71   int i, j, ii, jj, inum, jnum, itable, itype, jtype;
72   double qtmp, xtmp, ytmp, ztmp, delx, dely, delz, ecoul, fpair;
73   double fraction, table;
74   double r, r2inv, forcecoul, factor_coul;
75   double grij, expm2, prefactor, t, erfc;
76   int *ilist, *jlist, *numneigh, **firstneigh;
77   double rsq;
78 
79   ecoul = 0.0;
80   ev_init(eflag, vflag);
81 
82   double **x = atom->x;
83   double **f = atom->f;
84   double *q = atom->q;
85   int *type = atom->type;
86   int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
87   double *special_coul = force->special_coul;
88   int newton_pair = force->newton_pair;
89   double qqrd2e = force->qqrd2e;
90 
91   inum = list->inum;
92   ilist = list->ilist;
93   numneigh = list->numneigh;
94   firstneigh = list->firstneigh;
95 
96   // loop over neighbors of my atoms
97 
98   for (ii = 0; ii < inum; ii++) {
99     i = ilist[ii];
100     qtmp = q[i];
101     xtmp = x[i][0];
102     ytmp = x[i][1];
103     ztmp = x[i][2];
104     itype = type[i];
105     jlist = firstneigh[i];
106     jnum = numneigh[i];
107 
108     for (jj = 0; jj < jnum; jj++) {
109       j = jlist[jj];
110       factor_coul = special_coul[sbmask(j)];
111       j &= NEIGHMASK;
112 
113       delx = xtmp - x[j][0];
114       dely = ytmp - x[j][1];
115       delz = ztmp - x[j][2];
116       rsq = delx * delx + dely * dely + delz * delz;
117       jtype = type[j];
118 
119       if (rsq < cut_coulsq) {
120         r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
121         if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq) {
122           r = sqrt(rsq);
123           grij = g_ewald * r;
124           expm2 = exp(-grij * grij);
125           t = 1.0 / (1.0 + EWALD_P * grij);
126           erfc = t * (A1 + t * (A2 + t * (A3 + t * (A4 + t * A5)))) * expm2;
127           prefactor = qqrd2e * scale[itype][jtype] * qtmp * q[j] / r;
128           forcecoul = prefactor * (erfc + EWALD_F * grij * expm2);
129           if (factor_coul < 1.0) forcecoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
130         } else {
131           union_int_float_t rsq_lookup;
132           rsq_lookup.f = rsq;
133           itable = rsq_lookup.i & ncoulmask;
134           itable >>= ncoulshiftbits;
135           fraction = (rsq_lookup.f - rtable[itable]) * drtable[itable];
136           table = ftable[itable] + fraction * dftable[itable];
137           forcecoul = scale[itype][jtype] * qtmp * q[j] * table;
138           if (factor_coul < 1.0) {
139             table = ctable[itable] + fraction * dctable[itable];
140             prefactor = scale[itype][jtype] * qtmp * q[j] * table;
141             forcecoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
142           }
143         }
144 
145         fpair = forcecoul * r2inv;
146 
147         f[i][0] += delx * fpair;
148         f[i][1] += dely * fpair;
149         f[i][2] += delz * fpair;
150         if (newton_pair || j < nlocal) {
151           f[j][0] -= delx * fpair;
152           f[j][1] -= dely * fpair;
153           f[j][2] -= delz * fpair;
154         }
155 
156         if (eflag) {
157           if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq)
158             ecoul = prefactor * erfc;
159           else {
160             table = etable[itable] + fraction * detable[itable];
161             ecoul = scale[itype][jtype] * qtmp * q[j] * table;
162           }
163           if (factor_coul < 1.0) ecoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
164         }
165 
166         if (evflag) ev_tally(i, j, nlocal, newton_pair, 0.0, ecoul, fpair, delx, dely, delz);
167       }
168     }
169   }
170 
171   if (vflag_fdotr) virial_fdotr_compute();
172 }
173 
174 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
175    allocate all arrays
176 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
177 
allocate()178 void PairCoulLong::allocate()
179 {
180   allocated = 1;
181   int n = atom->ntypes;
182 
183   memory->create(setflag, n + 1, n + 1, "pair:setflag");
184   for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
185     for (int j = i; j <= n; j++) setflag[i][j] = 0;
186 
187   memory->create(cutsq, n + 1, n + 1, "pair:cutsq");
188 
189   memory->create(scale, n + 1, n + 1, "pair:scale");
190 }
191 
192 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
193    global settings
194 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
195 
settings(int narg,char ** arg)196 void PairCoulLong::settings(int narg, char **arg)
197 {
198   if (narg != 1) error->all(FLERR, "Illegal pair_style command");
199 
200   cut_coul = utils::numeric(FLERR, arg[0], false, lmp);
201 }
202 
203 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
204    set coeffs for one or more type pairs
205 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
206 
coeff(int narg,char ** arg)207 void PairCoulLong::coeff(int narg, char **arg)
208 {
209   if (narg != 2) error->all(FLERR, "Incorrect args for pair coefficients");
210   if (!allocated) allocate();
211 
212   int ilo, ihi, jlo, jhi;
213   utils::bounds(FLERR, arg[0], 1, atom->ntypes, ilo, ihi, error);
214   utils::bounds(FLERR, arg[1], 1, atom->ntypes, jlo, jhi, error);
215 
216   int count = 0;
217   for (int i = ilo; i <= ihi; i++) {
218     for (int j = MAX(jlo, i); j <= jhi; j++) {
219       scale[i][j] = 1.0;
220       setflag[i][j] = 1;
221       count++;
222     }
223   }
224 
225   if (count == 0) error->all(FLERR, "Incorrect args for pair coefficients");
226 }
227 
228 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
229    init specific to this pair style
230 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
231 
init_style()232 void PairCoulLong::init_style()
233 {
234   if (!atom->q_flag) error->all(FLERR, "Pair style lj/cut/coul/long requires atom attribute q");
235 
236   neighbor->request(this, instance_me);
237 
238   cut_coulsq = cut_coul * cut_coul;
239 
240   // insure use of KSpace long-range solver, set g_ewald
241 
242   if (force->kspace == nullptr) error->all(FLERR, "Pair style requires a KSpace style");
243   g_ewald = force->kspace->g_ewald;
244 
245   // setup force tables
246 
247   if (ncoultablebits) init_tables(cut_coul, nullptr);
248 }
249 
250 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
251    init for one type pair i,j and corresponding j,i
252 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
253 
init_one(int i,int j)254 double PairCoulLong::init_one(int i, int j)
255 {
256   scale[j][i] = scale[i][j];
257   return cut_coul + 2.0 * qdist;
258 }
259 
260 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
261   proc 0 writes to restart file
262 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
263 
write_restart(FILE * fp)264 void PairCoulLong::write_restart(FILE *fp)
265 {
266   write_restart_settings(fp);
267 
268   for (int i = 1; i <= atom->ntypes; i++)
269     for (int j = i; j <= atom->ntypes; j++) {
270       fwrite(&setflag[i][j], sizeof(int), 1, fp);
271       if (setflag[i][j]) fwrite(&scale[i][j], sizeof(double), 1, fp);
272     }
273 }
274 
275 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
276   proc 0 reads from restart file, bcasts
277 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
278 
read_restart(FILE * fp)279 void PairCoulLong::read_restart(FILE *fp)
280 {
281   read_restart_settings(fp);
282 
283   allocate();
284 
285   int i, j;
286   int me = comm->me;
287   for (i = 1; i <= atom->ntypes; i++)
288     for (j = i; j <= atom->ntypes; j++) {
289       if (me == 0) utils::sfread(FLERR, &setflag[i][j], sizeof(int), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
290       MPI_Bcast(&setflag[i][j], 1, MPI_INT, 0, world);
291       if (setflag[i][j]) {
292         if (me == 0) utils::sfread(FLERR, &scale[i][j], sizeof(double), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
293         MPI_Bcast(&scale[i][j], 1, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, world);
294       }
295     }
296 }
297 
298 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
299   proc 0 writes to restart file
300 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
301 
write_restart_settings(FILE * fp)302 void PairCoulLong::write_restart_settings(FILE *fp)
303 {
304   fwrite(&cut_coul, sizeof(double), 1, fp);
305   fwrite(&offset_flag, sizeof(int), 1, fp);
306   fwrite(&mix_flag, sizeof(int), 1, fp);
307   fwrite(&ncoultablebits, sizeof(int), 1, fp);
308   fwrite(&tabinner, sizeof(double), 1, fp);
309 }
310 
311 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
312   proc 0 reads from restart file, bcasts
313 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
314 
read_restart_settings(FILE * fp)315 void PairCoulLong::read_restart_settings(FILE *fp)
316 {
317   if (comm->me == 0) {
318     utils::sfread(FLERR, &cut_coul, sizeof(double), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
319     utils::sfread(FLERR, &offset_flag, sizeof(int), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
320     utils::sfread(FLERR, &mix_flag, sizeof(int), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
321     utils::sfread(FLERR, &ncoultablebits, sizeof(int), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
322     utils::sfread(FLERR, &tabinner, sizeof(double), 1, fp, nullptr, error);
323   }
324   MPI_Bcast(&cut_coul, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, world);
325   MPI_Bcast(&offset_flag, 1, MPI_INT, 0, world);
326   MPI_Bcast(&mix_flag, 1, MPI_INT, 0, world);
327   MPI_Bcast(&ncoultablebits, 1, MPI_INT, 0, world);
328   MPI_Bcast(&tabinner, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, world);
329 }
330 
331 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
332 
single(int i,int j,int,int,double rsq,double factor_coul,double,double & fforce)333 double PairCoulLong::single(int i, int j, int /*itype*/, int /*jtype*/, double rsq,
334                             double factor_coul, double /*factor_lj*/, double &fforce)
335 {
336   double r2inv, r, grij, expm2, t, erfc, prefactor;
337   double fraction, table, forcecoul, phicoul;
338   int itable;
339 
340   r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
341   if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq) {
342     r = sqrt(rsq);
343     grij = g_ewald * r;
344     expm2 = exp(-grij * grij);
345     t = 1.0 / (1.0 + EWALD_P * grij);
346     erfc = t * (A1 + t * (A2 + t * (A3 + t * (A4 + t * A5)))) * expm2;
347     prefactor = force->qqrd2e * atom->q[i] * atom->q[j] / r;
348     forcecoul = prefactor * (erfc + EWALD_F * grij * expm2);
349     if (factor_coul < 1.0) forcecoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
350   } else {
351     union_int_float_t rsq_lookup;
352     rsq_lookup.f = rsq;
353     itable = rsq_lookup.i & ncoulmask;
354     itable >>= ncoulshiftbits;
355     fraction = (rsq_lookup.f - rtable[itable]) * drtable[itable];
356     table = ftable[itable] + fraction * dftable[itable];
357     forcecoul = atom->q[i] * atom->q[j] * table;
358     if (factor_coul < 1.0) {
359       table = ctable[itable] + fraction * dctable[itable];
360       prefactor = atom->q[i] * atom->q[j] * table;
361       forcecoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
362     }
363   }
364   fforce = forcecoul * r2inv;
365 
366   if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq)
367     phicoul = prefactor * erfc;
368   else {
369     table = etable[itable] + fraction * detable[itable];
370     phicoul = atom->q[i] * atom->q[j] * table;
371   }
372   if (factor_coul < 1.0) phicoul -= (1.0 - factor_coul) * prefactor;
373 
374   return phicoul;
375 }
376 
377 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
378 
extract(const char * str,int & dim)379 void *PairCoulLong::extract(const char *str, int &dim)
380 {
381   if (strcmp(str, "cut_coul") == 0) {
382     dim = 0;
383     return (void *) &cut_coul;
384   }
385   if (strcmp(str, "scale") == 0) {
386     dim = 2;
387     return (void *) scale;
388   }
389   return nullptr;
390 }
391