1 // class template regex -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2013-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 // any later version.
10 
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19 
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24 
25 /**
26  *  @file bits/regex_scanner.tcc
27  *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
28  *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{regex}
29  */
30 
31 // FIXME make comments doxygen format.
32 
33 // N3376 specified 6 regex styles: ECMAScript, basic, extended, grep, egrep
34 // and awk
35 // 1) grep is basic except '\n' is treated as '|'
36 // 2) egrep is extended except '\n' is treated as '|'
37 // 3) awk is extended except special escaping rules, and there's no
38 //    back-reference.
39 //
40 // References:
41 //
42 // ECMAScript: ECMA-262 15.10
43 //
44 // basic, extended:
45 // http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap09.html
46 //
47 // awk: http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/utilities/awk.html
48 
49 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
50 {
51 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
52 
53 namespace __detail
54 {
55   template<typename _CharT>
56     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_Scanner(typename _Scanner::_IterT __begin,typename _Scanner::_IterT __end,_FlagT __flags,std::locale __loc)57     _Scanner(typename _Scanner::_IterT __begin,
58 	     typename _Scanner::_IterT __end,
59 	     _FlagT __flags, std::locale __loc)
60     : _ScannerBase(__flags),
61       _M_current(__begin), _M_end(__end),
62       _M_ctype(std::use_facet<_CtypeT>(__loc)),
63       _M_eat_escape(_M_is_ecma()
64 		    ? &_Scanner::_M_eat_escape_ecma
65 		    : &_Scanner::_M_eat_escape_posix)
66     { _M_advance(); }
67 
68   template<typename _CharT>
69     void
70     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_advance()71     _M_advance()
72     {
73       if (_M_current == _M_end)
74 	{
75 	  _M_token = _S_token_eof;
76 	  return;
77 	}
78 
79       if (_M_state == _S_state_normal)
80 	_M_scan_normal();
81       else if (_M_state == _S_state_in_bracket)
82 	_M_scan_in_bracket();
83       else if (_M_state == _S_state_in_brace)
84 	_M_scan_in_brace();
85       else
86 	{
87 	  __glibcxx_assert(false);
88 	}
89     }
90 
91   // Differences between styles:
92   // 1) "\(", "\)", "\{" in basic. It's not escaping.
93   // 2) "(?:", "(?=", "(?!" in ECMAScript.
94   template<typename _CharT>
95     void
96     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_scan_normal()97     _M_scan_normal()
98     {
99       auto __c = *_M_current++;
100 
101       if (std::strchr(_M_spec_char, _M_ctype.narrow(__c, ' ')) == nullptr)
102 	{
103 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
104 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
105 	  return;
106 	}
107       if (__c == '\\')
108 	{
109 	  if (_M_current == _M_end)
110 	    __throw_regex_error(
111 	      regex_constants::error_escape,
112 	      "Unexpected end of regex when escaping.");
113 
114 	  if (!_M_is_basic()
115 	      || (*_M_current != '('
116 		  && *_M_current != ')'
117 		  && *_M_current != '{'))
118 	    {
119 	      (this->*_M_eat_escape)();
120 	      return;
121 	    }
122 	  __c = *_M_current++;
123 	}
124       if (__c == '(')
125 	{
126 	  if (_M_is_ecma() && *_M_current == '?')
127 	    {
128 	      if (++_M_current == _M_end)
129 		__throw_regex_error(
130 		  regex_constants::error_paren,
131 		  "Unexpected end of regex when in an open parenthesis.");
132 
133 	      if (*_M_current == ':')
134 		{
135 		  ++_M_current;
136 		  _M_token = _S_token_subexpr_no_group_begin;
137 		}
138 	      else if (*_M_current == '=')
139 		{
140 		  ++_M_current;
141 		  _M_token = _S_token_subexpr_lookahead_begin;
142 		  _M_value.assign(1, 'p');
143 		}
144 	      else if (*_M_current == '!')
145 		{
146 		  ++_M_current;
147 		  _M_token = _S_token_subexpr_lookahead_begin;
148 		  _M_value.assign(1, 'n');
149 		}
150 	      else
151 		__throw_regex_error(
152 		  regex_constants::error_paren,
153 		  "Invalid special open parenthesis.");
154 	    }
155 	  else if (_M_flags & regex_constants::nosubs)
156 	    _M_token = _S_token_subexpr_no_group_begin;
157 	  else
158 	    _M_token = _S_token_subexpr_begin;
159 	}
160       else if (__c == ')')
161 	_M_token = _S_token_subexpr_end;
162       else if (__c == '[')
163 	{
164 	  _M_state = _S_state_in_bracket;
165 	  _M_at_bracket_start = true;
166 	  if (_M_current != _M_end && *_M_current == '^')
167 	    {
168 	      _M_token = _S_token_bracket_neg_begin;
169 	      ++_M_current;
170 	    }
171 	  else
172 	    _M_token = _S_token_bracket_begin;
173 	}
174       else if (__c == '{')
175 	{
176 	  _M_state = _S_state_in_brace;
177 	  _M_token = _S_token_interval_begin;
178 	}
179       else if (__builtin_expect(__c == _CharT(0), false))
180 	{
181 	  if (!_M_is_ecma())
182 	    {
183 	      __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::_S_null,
184 		  "Unexpected null character in regular expression");
185 	    }
186 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
187 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
188 	}
189       else if (__c != ']' && __c != '}')
190 	{
191 	  auto __it = _M_token_tbl;
192 	  auto __narrowc = _M_ctype.narrow(__c, '\0');
193 	  for (; __it->first != '\0'; ++__it)
194 	    if (__it->first == __narrowc)
195 	      {
196 		_M_token = __it->second;
197 		return;
198 	      }
199 	  __glibcxx_assert(false);
200 	}
201       else
202 	{
203 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
204 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
205 	}
206     }
207 
208   // Differences between styles:
209   // 1) different semantics of "[]" and "[^]".
210   // 2) Escaping in bracket expr.
211   template<typename _CharT>
212     void
213     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_scan_in_bracket()214     _M_scan_in_bracket()
215     {
216       if (_M_current == _M_end)
217 	__throw_regex_error(
218 	  regex_constants::error_brack,
219 	  "Unexpected end of regex when in bracket expression.");
220 
221       auto __c = *_M_current++;
222 
223       if (__c == '-')
224 	_M_token = _S_token_bracket_dash;
225       else if (__c == '[')
226 	{
227 	  if (_M_current == _M_end)
228 	    __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_brack,
229 				"Unexpected character class open bracket.");
230 
231 	  if (*_M_current == '.')
232 	    {
233 	      _M_token = _S_token_collsymbol;
234 	      _M_eat_class(*_M_current++);
235 	    }
236 	  else if (*_M_current == ':')
237 	    {
238 	      _M_token = _S_token_char_class_name;
239 	      _M_eat_class(*_M_current++);
240 	    }
241 	  else if (*_M_current == '=')
242 	    {
243 	      _M_token = _S_token_equiv_class_name;
244 	      _M_eat_class(*_M_current++);
245 	    }
246 	  else
247 	    {
248 	      _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
249 	      _M_value.assign(1, __c);
250 	    }
251 	}
252       // In POSIX, when encountering "[]" or "[^]", the ']' is interpreted
253       // literally. So "[]]" and "[^]]" are valid regexes. See the testcases
254       // `*/empty_range.cc`.
255       else if (__c == ']' && (_M_is_ecma() || !_M_at_bracket_start))
256 	{
257 	  _M_token = _S_token_bracket_end;
258 	  _M_state = _S_state_normal;
259 	}
260       // ECMAScript and awk permits escaping in bracket.
261       else if (__c == '\\' && (_M_is_ecma() || _M_is_awk()))
262 	(this->*_M_eat_escape)();
263       else
264 	{
265 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
266 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
267 	}
268       _M_at_bracket_start = false;
269     }
270 
271   // Differences between styles:
272   // 1) "\}" in basic style.
273   template<typename _CharT>
274     void
275     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_scan_in_brace()276     _M_scan_in_brace()
277     {
278       if (_M_current == _M_end)
279 	__throw_regex_error(
280 	  regex_constants::error_brace,
281 	  "Unexpected end of regex when in brace expression.");
282 
283       auto __c = *_M_current++;
284 
285       if (_M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, __c))
286 	{
287 	  _M_token = _S_token_dup_count;
288 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
289 	  while (_M_current != _M_end
290 		 && _M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, *_M_current))
291 	    _M_value += *_M_current++;
292 	}
293       else if (__c == ',')
294 	_M_token = _S_token_comma;
295       // basic use \}.
296       else if (_M_is_basic())
297 	{
298 	  if (__c == '\\' && _M_current != _M_end && *_M_current == '}')
299 	    {
300 	      _M_state = _S_state_normal;
301 	      _M_token = _S_token_interval_end;
302 	      ++_M_current;
303 	    }
304 	  else
305 	    __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_badbrace,
306 				"Unexpected character in brace expression.");
307 	}
308       else if (__c == '}')
309 	{
310 	  _M_state = _S_state_normal;
311 	  _M_token = _S_token_interval_end;
312 	}
313       else
314 	__throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_badbrace,
315 			    "Unexpected character in brace expression.");
316     }
317 
318   template<typename _CharT>
319     void
320     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_eat_escape_ecma()321     _M_eat_escape_ecma()
322     {
323       if (_M_current == _M_end)
324 	__throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_escape,
325 			    "Unexpected end of regex when escaping.");
326 
327       auto __c = *_M_current++;
328       auto __pos = _M_find_escape(_M_ctype.narrow(__c, '\0'));
329 
330       if (__pos != nullptr && (__c != 'b' || _M_state == _S_state_in_bracket))
331 	{
332 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
333 	  _M_value.assign(1, *__pos);
334 	}
335       else if (__c == 'b')
336 	{
337 	  _M_token = _S_token_word_bound;
338 	  _M_value.assign(1, 'p');
339 	}
340       else if (__c == 'B')
341 	{
342 	  _M_token = _S_token_word_bound;
343 	  _M_value.assign(1, 'n');
344 	}
345       // N3376 28.13
346       else if (__c == 'd'
347 	       || __c == 'D'
348 	       || __c == 's'
349 	       || __c == 'S'
350 	       || __c == 'w'
351 	       || __c == 'W')
352 	{
353 	  _M_token = _S_token_quoted_class;
354 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
355 	}
356       else if (__c == 'c')
357 	{
358 	  if (_M_current == _M_end)
359 	    __throw_regex_error(
360 	      regex_constants::error_escape,
361 	      "Unexpected end of regex when reading control code.");
362 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
363 	  _M_value.assign(1, *_M_current++);
364 	}
365       else if (__c == 'x' || __c == 'u')
366 	{
367 	  _M_value.erase();
368 	  for (int __i = 0; __i < (__c == 'x' ? 2 : 4); __i++)
369 	    {
370 	      if (_M_current == _M_end
371 		  || !_M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::xdigit, *_M_current))
372 		__throw_regex_error(
373 		  regex_constants::error_escape,
374 		  "Unexpected end of regex when ascii character.");
375 	      _M_value += *_M_current++;
376 	    }
377 	  _M_token = _S_token_hex_num;
378 	}
379       // ECMAScript recognizes multi-digit back-references.
380       else if (_M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, __c))
381 	{
382 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
383 	  while (_M_current != _M_end
384 		 && _M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, *_M_current))
385 	    _M_value += *_M_current++;
386 	  _M_token = _S_token_backref;
387 	}
388       else
389 	{
390 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
391 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
392 	}
393     }
394 
395   // Differences between styles:
396   // 1) Extended doesn't support backref, but basic does.
397   template<typename _CharT>
398     void
399     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_eat_escape_posix()400     _M_eat_escape_posix()
401     {
402       if (_M_current == _M_end)
403 	__throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_escape,
404 			    "Unexpected end of regex when escaping.");
405 
406       auto __c = *_M_current;
407       auto __pos = std::strchr(_M_spec_char, _M_ctype.narrow(__c, '\0'));
408 
409       if (__pos != nullptr && *__pos != '\0')
410 	{
411 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
412 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
413 	}
414       // We MUST judge awk before handling backrefs. There's no backref in awk.
415       else if (_M_is_awk())
416 	{
417 	  _M_eat_escape_awk();
418 	  return;
419 	}
420       else if (_M_is_basic() && _M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, __c) && __c != '0')
421 	{
422 	  _M_token = _S_token_backref;
423 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
424 	}
425       else
426 	{
427 #ifdef __STRICT_ANSI__
428 	  // POSIX says it is undefined to escape ordinary characters
429 	  __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_escape,
430 			      "Unexpected escape character.");
431 #else
432 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
433 	  _M_value.assign(1, __c);
434 #endif
435 	}
436       ++_M_current;
437     }
438 
439   template<typename _CharT>
440     void
441     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_eat_escape_awk()442     _M_eat_escape_awk()
443     {
444       auto __c = *_M_current++;
445       auto __pos = _M_find_escape(_M_ctype.narrow(__c, '\0'));
446 
447       if (__pos != nullptr)
448 	{
449 	  _M_token = _S_token_ord_char;
450 	  _M_value.assign(1, *__pos);
451 	}
452       // \ddd for oct representation
453       else if (_M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, __c)
454 	       && __c != '8'
455 	       && __c != '9')
456 	{
457 	  _M_value.assign(1,  __c);
458 	  for (int __i = 0;
459 	       __i < 2
460 	       && _M_current != _M_end
461 	       && _M_ctype.is(_CtypeT::digit, *_M_current)
462 	       && *_M_current != '8'
463 	       && *_M_current != '9';
464 	       __i++)
465 	    _M_value += *_M_current++;
466 	  _M_token = _S_token_oct_num;
467 	  return;
468 	}
469       else
470 	__throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_escape,
471 			    "Unexpected escape character.");
472     }
473 
474   // Eats a character class or throws an exception.
475   // __ch could be ':', '.' or '=', _M_current is the char after ']' when
476   // returning.
477   template<typename _CharT>
478     void
479     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_eat_class(char __ch)480     _M_eat_class(char __ch)
481     {
482       for (_M_value.clear(); _M_current != _M_end && *_M_current != __ch;)
483 	_M_value += *_M_current++;
484       if (_M_current == _M_end
485 	  || *_M_current++ != __ch
486 	  || _M_current == _M_end // skip __ch
487 	  || *_M_current++ != ']') // skip ']'
488 	{
489 	  if (__ch == ':')
490 	    __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_ctype,
491 				"Unexpected end of character class.");
492 	  else
493 	    __throw_regex_error(regex_constants::error_collate,
494 				"Unexpected end of character class.");
495 	}
496     }
497 
498 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
499   template<typename _CharT>
500     std::ostream&
501     _Scanner<_CharT>::
_M_print(std::ostream & ostr)502     _M_print(std::ostream& ostr)
503     {
504       switch (_M_token)
505       {
506       case _S_token_anychar:
507 	ostr << "any-character\n";
508 	break;
509       case _S_token_backref:
510 	ostr << "backref\n";
511 	break;
512       case _S_token_bracket_begin:
513 	ostr << "bracket-begin\n";
514 	break;
515       case _S_token_bracket_neg_begin:
516 	ostr << "bracket-neg-begin\n";
517 	break;
518       case _S_token_bracket_end:
519 	ostr << "bracket-end\n";
520 	break;
521       case _S_token_char_class_name:
522 	ostr << "char-class-name \"" << _M_value << "\"\n";
523 	break;
524       case _S_token_closure0:
525 	ostr << "closure0\n";
526 	break;
527       case _S_token_closure1:
528 	ostr << "closure1\n";
529 	break;
530       case _S_token_collsymbol:
531 	ostr << "collsymbol \"" << _M_value << "\"\n";
532 	break;
533       case _S_token_comma:
534 	ostr << "comma\n";
535 	break;
536       case _S_token_dup_count:
537 	ostr << "dup count: " << _M_value << "\n";
538 	break;
539       case _S_token_eof:
540 	ostr << "EOF\n";
541 	break;
542       case _S_token_equiv_class_name:
543 	ostr << "equiv-class-name \"" << _M_value << "\"\n";
544 	break;
545       case _S_token_interval_begin:
546 	ostr << "interval begin\n";
547 	break;
548       case _S_token_interval_end:
549 	ostr << "interval end\n";
550 	break;
551       case _S_token_line_begin:
552 	ostr << "line begin\n";
553 	break;
554       case _S_token_line_end:
555 	ostr << "line end\n";
556 	break;
557       case _S_token_opt:
558 	ostr << "opt\n";
559 	break;
560       case _S_token_or:
561 	ostr << "or\n";
562 	break;
563       case _S_token_ord_char:
564 	ostr << "ordinary character: \"" << _M_value << "\"\n";
565 	break;
566       case _S_token_subexpr_begin:
567 	ostr << "subexpr begin\n";
568 	break;
569       case _S_token_subexpr_no_group_begin:
570 	ostr << "no grouping subexpr begin\n";
571 	break;
572       case _S_token_subexpr_lookahead_begin:
573 	ostr << "lookahead subexpr begin\n";
574 	break;
575       case _S_token_subexpr_end:
576 	ostr << "subexpr end\n";
577 	break;
578       case _S_token_unknown:
579 	ostr << "-- unknown token --\n";
580 	break;
581       case _S_token_oct_num:
582 	ostr << "oct number " << _M_value << "\n";
583 	break;
584       case _S_token_hex_num:
585 	ostr << "hex number " << _M_value << "\n";
586 	break;
587       case _S_token_quoted_class:
588 	ostr << "quoted class " << "\\" << _M_value << "\n";
589 	break;
590       default:
591 	_GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(false);
592       }
593       return ostr;
594     }
595 #endif
596 
597 } // namespace __detail
598 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
599 } // namespace
600