1// mgo - MongoDB driver for Go
2//
3// Copyright (c) 2010-2012 - Gustavo Niemeyer <gustavo@niemeyer.net>
4//
5// All rights reserved.
6//
7// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
9//
10// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
11//    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
13//    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
14//    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15//
16// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
17// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
18// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
19// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
20// ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
21// (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
22// LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
23// ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
25// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26
27package mgo
28
29import (
30	"errors"
31	"fmt"
32	"net"
33	"strconv"
34	"strings"
35	"sync"
36	"time"
37
38	"gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson"
39)
40
41// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42// Mongo cluster encapsulation.
43//
44// A cluster enables the communication with one or more servers participating
45// in a mongo cluster.  This works with individual servers, a replica set,
46// a replica pair, one or multiple mongos routers, etc.
47
48type mongoCluster struct {
49	sync.RWMutex
50	serverSynced sync.Cond
51	userSeeds    []string
52	dynaSeeds    []string
53	servers      mongoServers
54	masters      mongoServers
55	references   int
56	syncing      bool
57	direct       bool
58	failFast     bool
59	syncCount    uint
60	setName      string
61	cachedIndex  map[string]bool
62	sync         chan bool
63	dial         dialer
64}
65
66func newCluster(userSeeds []string, direct, failFast bool, dial dialer, setName string) *mongoCluster {
67	cluster := &mongoCluster{
68		userSeeds:  userSeeds,
69		references: 1,
70		direct:     direct,
71		failFast:   failFast,
72		dial:       dial,
73		setName:    setName,
74	}
75	cluster.serverSynced.L = cluster.RWMutex.RLocker()
76	cluster.sync = make(chan bool, 1)
77	stats.cluster(+1)
78	go cluster.syncServersLoop()
79	return cluster
80}
81
82// Acquire increases the reference count for the cluster.
83func (cluster *mongoCluster) Acquire() {
84	cluster.Lock()
85	cluster.references++
86	debugf("Cluster %p acquired (refs=%d)", cluster, cluster.references)
87	cluster.Unlock()
88}
89
90// Release decreases the reference count for the cluster. Once
91// it reaches zero, all servers will be closed.
92func (cluster *mongoCluster) Release() {
93	cluster.Lock()
94	if cluster.references == 0 {
95		panic("cluster.Release() with references == 0")
96	}
97	cluster.references--
98	debugf("Cluster %p released (refs=%d)", cluster, cluster.references)
99	if cluster.references == 0 {
100		for _, server := range cluster.servers.Slice() {
101			server.Close()
102		}
103		// Wake up the sync loop so it can die.
104		cluster.syncServers()
105		stats.cluster(-1)
106	}
107	cluster.Unlock()
108}
109
110func (cluster *mongoCluster) LiveServers() (servers []string) {
111	cluster.RLock()
112	for _, serv := range cluster.servers.Slice() {
113		servers = append(servers, serv.Addr)
114	}
115	cluster.RUnlock()
116	return servers
117}
118
119func (cluster *mongoCluster) removeServer(server *mongoServer) {
120	cluster.Lock()
121	cluster.masters.Remove(server)
122	other := cluster.servers.Remove(server)
123	cluster.Unlock()
124	if other != nil {
125		other.Close()
126		log("Removed server ", server.Addr, " from cluster.")
127	}
128	server.Close()
129}
130
131type isMasterResult struct {
132	IsMaster       bool
133	Secondary      bool
134	Primary        string
135	Hosts          []string
136	Passives       []string
137	Tags           bson.D
138	Msg            string
139	SetName        string `bson:"setName"`
140	MaxWireVersion int    `bson:"maxWireVersion"`
141}
142
143func (cluster *mongoCluster) isMaster(socket *mongoSocket, result *isMasterResult) error {
144	// Monotonic let's it talk to a slave and still hold the socket.
145	session := newSession(Monotonic, cluster, 10*time.Second)
146	session.setSocket(socket)
147	err := session.Run("ismaster", result)
148	session.Close()
149	return err
150}
151
152type possibleTimeout interface {
153	Timeout() bool
154}
155
156var syncSocketTimeout = 5 * time.Second
157
158func (cluster *mongoCluster) syncServer(server *mongoServer) (info *mongoServerInfo, hosts []string, err error) {
159	var syncTimeout time.Duration
160	if raceDetector {
161		// This variable is only ever touched by tests.
162		globalMutex.Lock()
163		syncTimeout = syncSocketTimeout
164		globalMutex.Unlock()
165	} else {
166		syncTimeout = syncSocketTimeout
167	}
168
169	addr := server.Addr
170	log("SYNC Processing ", addr, "...")
171
172	// Retry a few times to avoid knocking a server down for a hiccup.
173	var result isMasterResult
174	var tryerr error
175	for retry := 0; ; retry++ {
176		if retry == 3 || retry == 1 && cluster.failFast {
177			return nil, nil, tryerr
178		}
179		if retry > 0 {
180			// Don't abuse the server needlessly if there's something actually wrong.
181			if err, ok := tryerr.(possibleTimeout); ok && err.Timeout() {
182				// Give a chance for waiters to timeout as well.
183				cluster.serverSynced.Broadcast()
184			}
185			time.Sleep(syncShortDelay)
186		}
187
188		// It's not clear what would be a good timeout here. Is it
189		// better to wait longer or to retry?
190		socket, _, err := server.AcquireSocket(0, syncTimeout)
191		if err != nil {
192			tryerr = err
193			logf("SYNC Failed to get socket to %s: %v", addr, err)
194			continue
195		}
196		err = cluster.isMaster(socket, &result)
197		socket.Release()
198		if err != nil {
199			tryerr = err
200			logf("SYNC Command 'ismaster' to %s failed: %v", addr, err)
201			continue
202		}
203		debugf("SYNC Result of 'ismaster' from %s: %#v", addr, result)
204		break
205	}
206
207	if cluster.setName != "" && result.SetName != cluster.setName {
208		logf("SYNC Server %s is not a member of replica set %q", addr, cluster.setName)
209		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("server %s is not a member of replica set %q", addr, cluster.setName)
210	}
211
212	if result.IsMaster {
213		debugf("SYNC %s is a master.", addr)
214		if !server.info.Master {
215			// Made an incorrect assumption above, so fix stats.
216			stats.conn(-1, false)
217			stats.conn(+1, true)
218		}
219	} else if result.Secondary {
220		debugf("SYNC %s is a slave.", addr)
221	} else if cluster.direct {
222		logf("SYNC %s in unknown state. Pretending it's a slave due to direct connection.", addr)
223	} else {
224		logf("SYNC %s is neither a master nor a slave.", addr)
225		// Let stats track it as whatever was known before.
226		return nil, nil, errors.New(addr + " is not a master nor slave")
227	}
228
229	info = &mongoServerInfo{
230		Master:         result.IsMaster,
231		Mongos:         result.Msg == "isdbgrid",
232		Tags:           result.Tags,
233		SetName:        result.SetName,
234		MaxWireVersion: result.MaxWireVersion,
235	}
236
237	hosts = make([]string, 0, 1+len(result.Hosts)+len(result.Passives))
238	if result.Primary != "" {
239		// First in the list to speed up master discovery.
240		hosts = append(hosts, result.Primary)
241	}
242	hosts = append(hosts, result.Hosts...)
243	hosts = append(hosts, result.Passives...)
244
245	debugf("SYNC %s knows about the following peers: %#v", addr, hosts)
246	return info, hosts, nil
247}
248
249type syncKind bool
250
251const (
252	completeSync syncKind = true
253	partialSync  syncKind = false
254)
255
256func (cluster *mongoCluster) addServer(server *mongoServer, info *mongoServerInfo, syncKind syncKind) {
257	cluster.Lock()
258	current := cluster.servers.Search(server.ResolvedAddr)
259	if current == nil {
260		if syncKind == partialSync {
261			cluster.Unlock()
262			server.Close()
263			log("SYNC Discarding unknown server ", server.Addr, " due to partial sync.")
264			return
265		}
266		cluster.servers.Add(server)
267		if info.Master {
268			cluster.masters.Add(server)
269			log("SYNC Adding ", server.Addr, " to cluster as a master.")
270		} else {
271			log("SYNC Adding ", server.Addr, " to cluster as a slave.")
272		}
273	} else {
274		if server != current {
275			panic("addServer attempting to add duplicated server")
276		}
277		if server.Info().Master != info.Master {
278			if info.Master {
279				log("SYNC Server ", server.Addr, " is now a master.")
280				cluster.masters.Add(server)
281			} else {
282				log("SYNC Server ", server.Addr, " is now a slave.")
283				cluster.masters.Remove(server)
284			}
285		}
286	}
287	server.SetInfo(info)
288	debugf("SYNC Broadcasting availability of server %s", server.Addr)
289	cluster.serverSynced.Broadcast()
290	cluster.Unlock()
291}
292
293func (cluster *mongoCluster) getKnownAddrs() []string {
294	cluster.RLock()
295	max := len(cluster.userSeeds) + len(cluster.dynaSeeds) + cluster.servers.Len()
296	seen := make(map[string]bool, max)
297	known := make([]string, 0, max)
298
299	add := func(addr string) {
300		if _, found := seen[addr]; !found {
301			seen[addr] = true
302			known = append(known, addr)
303		}
304	}
305
306	for _, addr := range cluster.userSeeds {
307		add(addr)
308	}
309	for _, addr := range cluster.dynaSeeds {
310		add(addr)
311	}
312	for _, serv := range cluster.servers.Slice() {
313		add(serv.Addr)
314	}
315	cluster.RUnlock()
316
317	return known
318}
319
320// syncServers injects a value into the cluster.sync channel to force
321// an iteration of the syncServersLoop function.
322func (cluster *mongoCluster) syncServers() {
323	select {
324	case cluster.sync <- true:
325	default:
326	}
327}
328
329// How long to wait for a checkup of the cluster topology if nothing
330// else kicks a synchronization before that.
331const syncServersDelay = 30 * time.Second
332const syncShortDelay = 500 * time.Millisecond
333
334// syncServersLoop loops while the cluster is alive to keep its idea of
335// the server topology up-to-date. It must be called just once from
336// newCluster.  The loop iterates once syncServersDelay has passed, or
337// if somebody injects a value into the cluster.sync channel to force a
338// synchronization.  A loop iteration will contact all servers in
339// parallel, ask them about known peers and their own role within the
340// cluster, and then attempt to do the same with all the peers
341// retrieved.
342func (cluster *mongoCluster) syncServersLoop() {
343	for {
344		debugf("SYNC Cluster %p is starting a sync loop iteration.", cluster)
345
346		cluster.Lock()
347		if cluster.references == 0 {
348			cluster.Unlock()
349			break
350		}
351		cluster.references++ // Keep alive while syncing.
352		direct := cluster.direct
353		cluster.Unlock()
354
355		cluster.syncServersIteration(direct)
356
357		// We just synchronized, so consume any outstanding requests.
358		select {
359		case <-cluster.sync:
360		default:
361		}
362
363		cluster.Release()
364
365		// Hold off before allowing another sync. No point in
366		// burning CPU looking for down servers.
367		if !cluster.failFast {
368			time.Sleep(syncShortDelay)
369		}
370
371		cluster.Lock()
372		if cluster.references == 0 {
373			cluster.Unlock()
374			break
375		}
376		cluster.syncCount++
377		// Poke all waiters so they have a chance to timeout or
378		// restart syncing if they wish to.
379		cluster.serverSynced.Broadcast()
380		// Check if we have to restart immediately either way.
381		restart := !direct && cluster.masters.Empty() || cluster.servers.Empty()
382		cluster.Unlock()
383
384		if restart {
385			log("SYNC No masters found. Will synchronize again.")
386			time.Sleep(syncShortDelay)
387			continue
388		}
389
390		debugf("SYNC Cluster %p waiting for next requested or scheduled sync.", cluster)
391
392		// Hold off until somebody explicitly requests a synchronization
393		// or it's time to check for a cluster topology change again.
394		select {
395		case <-cluster.sync:
396		case <-time.After(syncServersDelay):
397		}
398	}
399	debugf("SYNC Cluster %p is stopping its sync loop.", cluster)
400}
401
402func (cluster *mongoCluster) server(addr string, tcpaddr *net.TCPAddr) *mongoServer {
403	cluster.RLock()
404	server := cluster.servers.Search(tcpaddr.String())
405	cluster.RUnlock()
406	if server != nil {
407		return server
408	}
409	return newServer(addr, tcpaddr, cluster.sync, cluster.dial)
410}
411
412func resolveAddr(addr string) (*net.TCPAddr, error) {
413	// Simple cases that do not need actual resolution. Works with IPv4 and v6.
414	if host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(addr); err == nil {
415		if port, _ := strconv.Atoi(port); port > 0 {
416			zone := ""
417			if i := strings.LastIndex(host, "%"); i >= 0 {
418				zone = host[i+1:]
419				host = host[:i]
420			}
421			ip := net.ParseIP(host)
422			if ip != nil {
423				return &net.TCPAddr{IP: ip, Port: port, Zone: zone}, nil
424			}
425		}
426	}
427
428	// Attempt to resolve IPv4 and v6 concurrently.
429	addrChan := make(chan *net.TCPAddr, 2)
430	for _, network := range []string{"udp4", "udp6"} {
431		network := network
432		go func() {
433			// The unfortunate UDP dialing hack allows having a timeout on address resolution.
434			conn, err := net.DialTimeout(network, addr, 10*time.Second)
435			if err != nil {
436				addrChan <- nil
437			} else {
438				addrChan <- (*net.TCPAddr)(conn.RemoteAddr().(*net.UDPAddr))
439				conn.Close()
440			}
441		}()
442	}
443
444	// Wait for the result of IPv4 and v6 resolution. Use IPv4 if available.
445	tcpaddr := <-addrChan
446	if tcpaddr == nil || len(tcpaddr.IP) != 4 {
447		var timeout <-chan time.Time
448		if tcpaddr != nil {
449			// Don't wait too long if an IPv6 address is known.
450			timeout = time.After(50 * time.Millisecond)
451		}
452		select {
453		case <-timeout:
454		case tcpaddr2 := <-addrChan:
455			if tcpaddr == nil || tcpaddr2 != nil {
456				// It's an IPv4 address or the only known address. Use it.
457				tcpaddr = tcpaddr2
458			}
459		}
460	}
461
462	if tcpaddr == nil {
463		log("SYNC Failed to resolve server address: ", addr)
464		return nil, errors.New("failed to resolve server address: " + addr)
465	}
466	if tcpaddr.String() != addr {
467		debug("SYNC Address ", addr, " resolved as ", tcpaddr.String())
468	}
469	return tcpaddr, nil
470}
471
472type pendingAdd struct {
473	server *mongoServer
474	info   *mongoServerInfo
475}
476
477func (cluster *mongoCluster) syncServersIteration(direct bool) {
478	log("SYNC Starting full topology synchronization...")
479
480	var wg sync.WaitGroup
481	var m sync.Mutex
482	notYetAdded := make(map[string]pendingAdd)
483	addIfFound := make(map[string]bool)
484	seen := make(map[string]bool)
485	syncKind := partialSync
486
487	var spawnSync func(addr string, byMaster bool)
488	spawnSync = func(addr string, byMaster bool) {
489		wg.Add(1)
490		go func() {
491			defer wg.Done()
492
493			tcpaddr, err := resolveAddr(addr)
494			if err != nil {
495				log("SYNC Failed to start sync of ", addr, ": ", err.Error())
496				return
497			}
498			resolvedAddr := tcpaddr.String()
499
500			m.Lock()
501			if byMaster {
502				if pending, ok := notYetAdded[resolvedAddr]; ok {
503					delete(notYetAdded, resolvedAddr)
504					m.Unlock()
505					cluster.addServer(pending.server, pending.info, completeSync)
506					return
507				}
508				addIfFound[resolvedAddr] = true
509			}
510			if seen[resolvedAddr] {
511				m.Unlock()
512				return
513			}
514			seen[resolvedAddr] = true
515			m.Unlock()
516
517			server := cluster.server(addr, tcpaddr)
518			info, hosts, err := cluster.syncServer(server)
519			if err != nil {
520				cluster.removeServer(server)
521				return
522			}
523
524			m.Lock()
525			add := direct || info.Master || addIfFound[resolvedAddr]
526			if add {
527				syncKind = completeSync
528			} else {
529				notYetAdded[resolvedAddr] = pendingAdd{server, info}
530			}
531			m.Unlock()
532			if add {
533				cluster.addServer(server, info, completeSync)
534			}
535			if !direct {
536				for _, addr := range hosts {
537					spawnSync(addr, info.Master)
538				}
539			}
540		}()
541	}
542
543	knownAddrs := cluster.getKnownAddrs()
544	for _, addr := range knownAddrs {
545		spawnSync(addr, false)
546	}
547	wg.Wait()
548
549	if syncKind == completeSync {
550		logf("SYNC Synchronization was complete (got data from primary).")
551		for _, pending := range notYetAdded {
552			cluster.removeServer(pending.server)
553		}
554	} else {
555		logf("SYNC Synchronization was partial (cannot talk to primary).")
556		for _, pending := range notYetAdded {
557			cluster.addServer(pending.server, pending.info, partialSync)
558		}
559	}
560
561	cluster.Lock()
562	mastersLen := cluster.masters.Len()
563	logf("SYNC Synchronization completed: %d master(s) and %d slave(s) alive.", mastersLen, cluster.servers.Len()-mastersLen)
564
565	// Update dynamic seeds, but only if we have any good servers. Otherwise,
566	// leave them alone for better chances of a successful sync in the future.
567	if syncKind == completeSync {
568		dynaSeeds := make([]string, cluster.servers.Len())
569		for i, server := range cluster.servers.Slice() {
570			dynaSeeds[i] = server.Addr
571		}
572		cluster.dynaSeeds = dynaSeeds
573		debugf("SYNC New dynamic seeds: %#v\n", dynaSeeds)
574	}
575	cluster.Unlock()
576}
577
578// AcquireSocket returns a socket to a server in the cluster.  If slaveOk is
579// true, it will attempt to return a socket to a slave server.  If it is
580// false, the socket will necessarily be to a master server.
581func (cluster *mongoCluster) AcquireSocket(mode Mode, slaveOk bool, syncTimeout time.Duration, socketTimeout time.Duration, serverTags []bson.D, poolLimit int) (s *mongoSocket, err error) {
582	var started time.Time
583	var syncCount uint
584	warnedLimit := false
585	for {
586		cluster.RLock()
587		for {
588			mastersLen := cluster.masters.Len()
589			slavesLen := cluster.servers.Len() - mastersLen
590			debugf("Cluster has %d known masters and %d known slaves.", mastersLen, slavesLen)
591			if mastersLen > 0 && !(slaveOk && mode == Secondary) || slavesLen > 0 && slaveOk {
592				break
593			}
594			if mastersLen > 0 && mode == Secondary && cluster.masters.HasMongos() {
595				break
596			}
597			if started.IsZero() {
598				// Initialize after fast path above.
599				started = time.Now()
600				syncCount = cluster.syncCount
601			} else if syncTimeout != 0 && started.Before(time.Now().Add(-syncTimeout)) || cluster.failFast && cluster.syncCount != syncCount {
602				cluster.RUnlock()
603				return nil, errors.New("no reachable servers")
604			}
605			log("Waiting for servers to synchronize...")
606			cluster.syncServers()
607
608			// Remember: this will release and reacquire the lock.
609			cluster.serverSynced.Wait()
610		}
611
612		var server *mongoServer
613		if slaveOk {
614			server = cluster.servers.BestFit(mode, serverTags)
615		} else {
616			server = cluster.masters.BestFit(mode, nil)
617		}
618		cluster.RUnlock()
619
620		if server == nil {
621			// Must have failed the requested tags. Sleep to avoid spinning.
622			time.Sleep(1e8)
623			continue
624		}
625
626		s, abended, err := server.AcquireSocket(poolLimit, socketTimeout)
627		if err == errPoolLimit {
628			if !warnedLimit {
629				warnedLimit = true
630				log("WARNING: Per-server connection limit reached.")
631			}
632			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
633			continue
634		}
635		if err != nil {
636			cluster.removeServer(server)
637			cluster.syncServers()
638			continue
639		}
640		if abended && !slaveOk {
641			var result isMasterResult
642			err := cluster.isMaster(s, &result)
643			if err != nil || !result.IsMaster {
644				logf("Cannot confirm server %s as master (%v)", server.Addr, err)
645				s.Release()
646				cluster.syncServers()
647				time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
648				continue
649			}
650		}
651		return s, nil
652	}
653	panic("unreached")
654}
655
656func (cluster *mongoCluster) CacheIndex(cacheKey string, exists bool) {
657	cluster.Lock()
658	if cluster.cachedIndex == nil {
659		cluster.cachedIndex = make(map[string]bool)
660	}
661	if exists {
662		cluster.cachedIndex[cacheKey] = true
663	} else {
664		delete(cluster.cachedIndex, cacheKey)
665	}
666	cluster.Unlock()
667}
668
669func (cluster *mongoCluster) HasCachedIndex(cacheKey string) (result bool) {
670	cluster.RLock()
671	if cluster.cachedIndex != nil {
672		result = cluster.cachedIndex[cacheKey]
673	}
674	cluster.RUnlock()
675	return
676}
677
678func (cluster *mongoCluster) ResetIndexCache() {
679	cluster.Lock()
680	cluster.cachedIndex = make(map[string]bool)
681	cluster.Unlock()
682}
683