1 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  *
3  * char.c
4  *	  Functions for the built-in type "char" (not to be confused with
5  *	  bpchar, which is the SQL CHAR(n) type).
6  *
7  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2018, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
8  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
9  *
10  *
11  * IDENTIFICATION
12  *	  src/backend/utils/adt/char.c
13  *
14  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
15  */
16 #include "postgres.h"
17 
18 #include <limits.h>
19 
20 #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
21 #include "utils/builtins.h"
22 
23 /*****************************************************************************
24  *	 USER I/O ROUTINES														 *
25  *****************************************************************************/
26 
27 /*
28  *		charin			- converts "x" to 'x'
29  *
30  * Note that an empty input string will implicitly be converted to \0.
31  */
32 Datum
charin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)33 charin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
34 {
35 	char	   *ch = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
36 
37 	PG_RETURN_CHAR(ch[0]);
38 }
39 
40 /*
41  *		charout			- converts 'x' to "x"
42  *
43  * Note that if the char value is \0, the resulting string will appear
44  * to be empty (null-terminated after zero characters).  So this is the
45  * inverse of the charin() function for such data.
46  */
47 Datum
charout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)48 charout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
49 {
50 	char		ch = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
51 	char	   *result = (char *) palloc(2);
52 
53 	result[0] = ch;
54 	result[1] = '\0';
55 	PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
56 }
57 
58 /*
59  *		charrecv			- converts external binary format to char
60  *
61  * The external representation is one byte, with no character set
62  * conversion.  This is somewhat dubious, perhaps, but in many
63  * cases people use char for a 1-byte binary type.
64  */
65 Datum
charrecv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)66 charrecv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
67 {
68 	StringInfo	buf = (StringInfo) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
69 
70 	PG_RETURN_CHAR(pq_getmsgbyte(buf));
71 }
72 
73 /*
74  *		charsend			- converts char to binary format
75  */
76 Datum
charsend(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)77 charsend(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
78 {
79 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
80 	StringInfoData buf;
81 
82 	pq_begintypsend(&buf);
83 	pq_sendbyte(&buf, arg1);
84 	PG_RETURN_BYTEA_P(pq_endtypsend(&buf));
85 }
86 
87 /*****************************************************************************
88  *	 PUBLIC ROUTINES														 *
89  *****************************************************************************/
90 
91 /*
92  * NOTE: comparisons are done as though char is unsigned (uint8).
93  * Conversions to and from integer are done as though char is signed (int8).
94  *
95  * You wanted consistency?
96  */
97 
98 Datum
chareq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)99 chareq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
100 {
101 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
102 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
103 
104 	PG_RETURN_BOOL(arg1 == arg2);
105 }
106 
107 Datum
charne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)108 charne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
109 {
110 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
111 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
112 
113 	PG_RETURN_BOOL(arg1 != arg2);
114 }
115 
116 Datum
charlt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)117 charlt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
118 {
119 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
120 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
121 
122 	PG_RETURN_BOOL((uint8) arg1 < (uint8) arg2);
123 }
124 
125 Datum
charle(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)126 charle(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
127 {
128 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
129 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
130 
131 	PG_RETURN_BOOL((uint8) arg1 <= (uint8) arg2);
132 }
133 
134 Datum
chargt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)135 chargt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
136 {
137 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
138 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
139 
140 	PG_RETURN_BOOL((uint8) arg1 > (uint8) arg2);
141 }
142 
143 Datum
charge(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)144 charge(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
145 {
146 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
147 	char		arg2 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(1);
148 
149 	PG_RETURN_BOOL((uint8) arg1 >= (uint8) arg2);
150 }
151 
152 
153 Datum
chartoi4(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)154 chartoi4(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
155 {
156 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
157 
158 	PG_RETURN_INT32((int32) ((int8) arg1));
159 }
160 
161 Datum
i4tochar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)162 i4tochar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
163 {
164 	int32		arg1 = PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
165 
166 	if (arg1 < SCHAR_MIN || arg1 > SCHAR_MAX)
167 		ereport(ERROR,
168 				(errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
169 				 errmsg("\"char\" out of range")));
170 
171 	PG_RETURN_CHAR((int8) arg1);
172 }
173 
174 
175 Datum
text_char(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)176 text_char(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
177 {
178 	text	   *arg1 = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
179 	char		result;
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * An empty input string is converted to \0 (for consistency with charin).
183 	 * If the input is longer than one character, the excess data is silently
184 	 * discarded.
185 	 */
186 	if (VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(arg1) > 0)
187 		result = *(VARDATA_ANY(arg1));
188 	else
189 		result = '\0';
190 
191 	PG_RETURN_CHAR(result);
192 }
193 
194 Datum
char_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)195 char_text(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
196 {
197 	char		arg1 = PG_GETARG_CHAR(0);
198 	text	   *result = palloc(VARHDRSZ + 1);
199 
200 	/*
201 	 * Convert \0 to an empty string, for consistency with charout (and
202 	 * because the text stuff doesn't like embedded nulls all that well).
203 	 */
204 	if (arg1 != '\0')
205 	{
206 		SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ + 1);
207 		*(VARDATA(result)) = arg1;
208 	}
209 	else
210 		SET_VARSIZE(result, VARHDRSZ);
211 
212 	PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
213 }
214