1------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2--                                                                          --
3--                         GNAT LIBRARY COMPONENTS                          --
4--                                                                          --
5--                  ADA.CONTAINERS.INDEFINITE_HASHED_SETS                   --
6--                                                                          --
7--                                 S p e c                                  --
8--                                                                          --
9--          Copyright (C) 2004-2013, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
10--                                                                          --
11-- This specification is derived from the Ada Reference Manual for use with --
12-- GNAT. The copyright notice above, and the license provisions that follow --
13-- apply solely to the  contents of the part following the private keyword. --
14--                                                                          --
15-- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
16-- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
17-- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
18-- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
19-- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
20-- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.                                     --
21--                                                                          --
22-- As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted --
23-- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception,   --
24-- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.               --
25--                                                                          --
26-- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and    --
27-- a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;     --
28-- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see    --
29-- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                                          --
30--                                                                          --
31-- This unit was originally developed by Matthew J Heaney.                  --
32------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33
34with Ada.Iterator_Interfaces;
35
36private with Ada.Containers.Hash_Tables;
37private with Ada.Streams;
38private with Ada.Finalization;
39
40generic
41   type Element_Type (<>) is private;
42
43   with function Hash (Element : Element_Type) return Hash_Type;
44
45   with function Equivalent_Elements (Left, Right : Element_Type)
46                                     return Boolean;
47
48   with function "=" (Left, Right : Element_Type) return Boolean is <>;
49
50package Ada.Containers.Indefinite_Hashed_Sets is
51   pragma Preelaborate;
52   pragma Remote_Types;
53
54   type Set is tagged private
55     with Constant_Indexing => Constant_Reference,
56          Default_Iterator  => Iterate,
57          Iterator_Element  => Element_Type;
58
59   pragma Preelaborable_Initialization (Set);
60
61   type Cursor is private;
62   pragma Preelaborable_Initialization (Cursor);
63
64   Empty_Set : constant Set;
65   --  Set objects declared without an initialization expression are
66   --  initialized to the value Empty_Set.
67
68   No_Element : constant Cursor;
69   --  Cursor objects declared without an initialization expression are
70   --  initialized to the value No_Element.
71
72   function Has_Element (Position : Cursor) return Boolean;
73   --  Equivalent to Position /= No_Element
74
75   package Set_Iterator_Interfaces is new
76     Ada.Iterator_Interfaces (Cursor, Has_Element);
77
78   function "=" (Left, Right : Set) return Boolean;
79   --  For each element in Left, set equality attempts to find the equal
80   --  element in Right; if a search fails, then set equality immediately
81   --  returns False. The search works by calling Hash to find the bucket in
82   --  the Right set that corresponds to the Left element. If the bucket is
83   --  non-empty, the search calls the generic formal element equality operator
84   --  to compare the element (in Left) to the element of each node in the
85   --  bucket (in Right); the search terminates when a matching node in the
86   --  bucket is found, or the nodes in the bucket are exhausted. (Note that
87   --  element equality is called here, not Equivalent_Elements. Set equality
88   --  is the only operation in which element equality is used. Compare set
89   --  equality to Equivalent_Sets, which does call Equivalent_Elements.)
90
91   function Equivalent_Sets (Left, Right : Set) return Boolean;
92   --  Similar to set equality, with the difference that the element in Left is
93   --  compared to the elements in Right using the generic formal
94   --  Equivalent_Elements operation instead of element equality.
95
96   function To_Set (New_Item : Element_Type) return Set;
97   --  Constructs a singleton set comprising New_Element. To_Set calls Hash to
98   --  determine the bucket for New_Item.
99
100   function Capacity (Container : Set) return Count_Type;
101   --  Returns the current capacity of the set. Capacity is the maximum length
102   --  before which rehashing in guaranteed not to occur.
103
104   procedure Reserve_Capacity (Container : in out Set; Capacity : Count_Type);
105   --  Adjusts the current capacity, by allocating a new buckets array. If the
106   --  requested capacity is less than the current capacity, then the capacity
107   --  is contracted (to a value not less than the current length). If the
108   --  requested capacity is greater than the current capacity, then the
109   --  capacity is expanded (to a value not less than what is requested). In
110   --  either case, the nodes are rehashed from the old buckets array onto the
111   --  new buckets array (Hash is called once for each existing element in
112   --  order to compute the new index), and then the old buckets array is
113   --  deallocated.
114
115   function Length (Container : Set) return Count_Type;
116   --  Returns the number of items in the set
117
118   function Is_Empty (Container : Set) return Boolean;
119   --  Equivalent to Length (Container) = 0
120
121   procedure Clear (Container : in out Set);
122   --  Removes all of the items from the set
123
124   function Element (Position : Cursor) return Element_Type;
125   --  Returns the element of the node designated by the cursor
126
127   procedure Replace_Element
128     (Container : in out Set;
129      Position  : Cursor;
130      New_Item  : Element_Type);
131   --  If New_Item is equivalent (as determined by calling Equivalent_Elements)
132   --  to the element of the node designated by Position, then New_Element is
133   --  assigned to that element. Otherwise, it calls Hash to determine the
134   --  bucket for New_Item. If the bucket is not empty, then it calls
135   --  Equivalent_Elements for each node in that bucket to determine whether
136   --  New_Item is equivalent to an element in that bucket. If
137   --  Equivalent_Elements returns True then Program_Error is raised (because
138   --  an element may appear only once in the set); otherwise, New_Item is
139   --  assigned to the node designated by Position, and the node is moved to
140   --  its new bucket.
141
142   procedure Query_Element
143     (Position : Cursor;
144      Process  : not null access procedure (Element : Element_Type));
145   --  Calls Process with the element (having only a constant view) of the node
146   --  designated by the cursor.
147
148   type Constant_Reference_Type
149     (Element : not null access constant Element_Type) is private
150        with Implicit_Dereference => Element;
151
152   function Constant_Reference
153     (Container : aliased Set;
154      Position  : Cursor) return Constant_Reference_Type;
155   pragma Inline (Constant_Reference);
156
157   procedure Assign (Target : in out Set; Source : Set);
158
159   function Copy (Source : Set; Capacity : Count_Type := 0) return Set;
160
161   procedure Move (Target : in out Set; Source : in out Set);
162   --  Clears Target (if it's not empty), and then moves (not copies) the
163   --  buckets array and nodes from Source to Target.
164
165   procedure Insert
166     (Container : in out Set;
167      New_Item  : Element_Type;
168      Position  : out Cursor;
169      Inserted  : out Boolean);
170   --  Conditionally inserts New_Item into the set. If New_Item is already in
171   --  the set, then Inserted returns False and Position designates the node
172   --  containing the existing element (which is not modified). If New_Item is
173   --  not already in the set, then Inserted returns True and Position
174   --  designates the newly-inserted node containing New_Item. The search for
175   --  an existing element works as follows. Hash is called to determine
176   --  New_Item's bucket; if the bucket is non-empty, then Equivalent_Elements
177   --  is called to compare New_Item to the element of each node in that
178   --  bucket. If the bucket is empty, or there were no equivalent elements in
179   --  the bucket, the search "fails" and the New_Item is inserted in the set
180   --  (and Inserted returns True); otherwise, the search "succeeds" (and
181   --  Inserted returns False).
182
183   procedure Insert  (Container : in out Set; New_Item : Element_Type);
184   --  Attempts to insert New_Item into the set, performing the usual insertion
185   --  search (which involves calling both Hash and Equivalent_Elements); if
186   --  the search succeeds (New_Item is equivalent to an element already in the
187   --  set, and so was not inserted), then this operation raises
188   --  Constraint_Error. (This version of Insert is similar to Replace, but
189   --  having the opposite exception behavior. It is intended for use when you
190   --  want to assert that the item is not already in the set.)
191
192   procedure Include (Container : in out Set; New_Item : Element_Type);
193   --  Attempts to insert New_Item into the set. If an element equivalent to
194   --  New_Item is already in the set (the insertion search succeeded, and
195   --  hence New_Item was not inserted), then the value of New_Item is assigned
196   --  to the existing element. (This insertion operation only raises an
197   --  exception if cursor tampering occurs. It is intended for use when you
198   --  want to insert the item in the set, and you don't care whether an
199   --  equivalent element is already present.)
200
201   procedure Replace (Container : in out Set; New_Item : Element_Type);
202   --  Searches for New_Item in the set; if the search fails (because an
203   --  equivalent element was not in the set), then it raises
204   --  Constraint_Error. Otherwise, the existing element is assigned the value
205   --  New_Item. (This is similar to Insert, but with the opposite exception
206   --  behavior. It is intended for use when you want to assert that the item
207   --  is already in the set.)
208
209   procedure Exclude (Container : in out Set; Item : Element_Type);
210   --  Searches for Item in the set, and if found, removes its node from the
211   --  set and then deallocates it. The search works as follows. The operation
212   --  calls Hash to determine the item's bucket; if the bucket is not empty,
213   --  it calls Equivalent_Elements to compare Item to the element of each node
214   --  in the bucket. (This is the deletion analog of Include. It is intended
215   --  for use when you want to remove the item from the set, but don't care
216   --  whether the item is already in the set.)
217
218   procedure Delete  (Container : in out Set; Item : Element_Type);
219   --  Searches for Item in the set (which involves calling both Hash and
220   --  Equivalent_Elements). If the search fails, then the operation raises
221   --  Constraint_Error. Otherwise it removes the node from the set and then
222   --  deallocates it. (This is the deletion analog of non-conditional
223   --  Insert. It is intended for use when you want to assert that the item is
224   --  already in the set.)
225
226   procedure Delete (Container : in out Set; Position  : in out Cursor);
227   --  Removes the node designated by Position from the set, and then
228   --  deallocates the node. The operation calls Hash to determine the bucket,
229   --  and then compares Position to each node in the bucket until there's a
230   --  match (it does not call Equivalent_Elements).
231
232   procedure Union (Target : in out Set; Source : Set);
233   --  The operation first calls Reserve_Capacity if the current capacity is
234   --  less than the sum of the lengths of Source and Target. It then iterates
235   --  over the Source set, and conditionally inserts each element into Target.
236
237   function Union (Left, Right : Set) return Set;
238   --  The operation first copies the Left set to the result, and then iterates
239   --  over the Right set to conditionally insert each element into the result.
240
241   function "or" (Left, Right : Set) return Set renames Union;
242
243   procedure Intersection (Target : in out Set; Source : Set);
244   --  Iterates over the Target set (calling First and Next), calling Find to
245   --  determine whether the element is in Source. If an equivalent element is
246   --  not found in Source, the element is deleted from Target.
247
248   function Intersection (Left, Right : Set) return Set;
249   --  Iterates over the Left set, calling Find to determine whether the
250   --  element is in Right. If an equivalent element is found, it is inserted
251   --  into the result set.
252
253   function "and" (Left, Right : Set) return Set renames Intersection;
254
255   procedure Difference (Target : in out Set; Source : Set);
256   --  Iterates over the Source (calling First and Next), calling Find to
257   --  determine whether the element is in Target. If an equivalent element is
258   --  found, it is deleted from Target.
259
260   function Difference (Left, Right : Set) return Set;
261   --  Iterates over the Left set, calling Find to determine whether the
262   --  element is in the Right set. If an equivalent element is not found, the
263   --  element is inserted into the result set.
264
265   function "-" (Left, Right : Set) return Set renames Difference;
266
267   procedure Symmetric_Difference (Target : in out Set; Source : Set);
268   --  The operation first calls Reserve_Capacity if the current capacity is
269   --  less than the sum of the lengths of Source and Target. It then iterates
270   --  over the Source set, searching for the element in Target (calling Hash
271   --  and Equivalent_Elements). If an equivalent element is found, it is
272   --  removed from Target; otherwise it is inserted into Target.
273
274   function Symmetric_Difference (Left, Right : Set) return Set;
275   --  The operation first iterates over the Left set. It calls Find to
276   --  determine whether the element is in the Right set. If no equivalent
277   --  element is found, the element from Left is inserted into the result. The
278   --  operation then iterates over the Right set, to determine whether the
279   --  element is in the Left set. If no equivalent element is found, the Right
280   --  element is inserted into the result.
281
282   function "xor" (Left, Right : Set) return Set
283     renames Symmetric_Difference;
284
285   function Overlap (Left, Right : Set) return Boolean;
286   --  Iterates over the Left set (calling First and Next), calling Find to
287   --  determine whether the element is in the Right set. If an equivalent
288   --  element is found, the operation immediately returns True. The operation
289   --  returns False if the iteration over Left terminates without finding any
290   --  equivalent element in Right.
291
292   function Is_Subset (Subset : Set; Of_Set : Set) return Boolean;
293   --  Iterates over Subset (calling First and Next), calling Find to determine
294   --  whether the element is in Of_Set. If no equivalent element is found in
295   --  Of_Set, the operation immediately returns False. The operation returns
296   --  True if the iteration over Subset terminates without finding an element
297   --  not in Of_Set (that is, every element in Subset is equivalent to an
298   --  element in Of_Set).
299
300   function First (Container : Set) return Cursor;
301   --  Returns a cursor that designates the first non-empty bucket, by
302   --  searching from the beginning of the buckets array.
303
304   function Next (Position : Cursor) return Cursor;
305   --  Returns a cursor that designates the node that follows the current one
306   --  designated by Position. If Position designates the last node in its
307   --  bucket, the operation calls Hash to compute the index of this bucket,
308   --  and searches the buckets array for the first non-empty bucket, starting
309   --  from that index; otherwise, it simply follows the link to the next node
310   --  in the same bucket.
311
312   procedure Next (Position : in out Cursor);
313   --  Equivalent to Position := Next (Position)
314
315   function Find (Container : Set; Item : Element_Type) return Cursor;
316   --  Searches for Item in the set. Find calls Hash to determine the item's
317   --  bucket; if the bucket is not empty, it calls Equivalent_Elements to
318   --  compare Item to each element in the bucket. If the search succeeds, Find
319   --  returns a cursor designating the node containing the equivalent element;
320   --  otherwise, it returns No_Element.
321
322   function Contains (Container : Set; Item : Element_Type) return Boolean;
323   --  Equivalent to Find (Container, Item) /= No_Element
324
325   function Equivalent_Elements (Left, Right : Cursor) return Boolean;
326   --  Returns the result of calling Equivalent_Elements with the elements of
327   --  the nodes designated by cursors Left and Right.
328
329   function Equivalent_Elements
330     (Left  : Cursor;
331      Right : Element_Type) return Boolean;
332   --  Returns the result of calling Equivalent_Elements with element of the
333   --  node designated by Left and element Right.
334
335   function Equivalent_Elements
336     (Left  : Element_Type;
337      Right : Cursor) return Boolean;
338   --  Returns the result of calling Equivalent_Elements with element Left and
339   --  the element of the node designated by Right.
340
341   procedure Iterate
342     (Container : Set;
343      Process   : not null access procedure (Position : Cursor));
344   --  Calls Process for each node in the set
345
346   function Iterate (Container : Set)
347     return Set_Iterator_Interfaces.Forward_Iterator'Class;
348
349   generic
350      type Key_Type (<>) is private;
351
352      with function Key (Element : Element_Type) return Key_Type;
353
354      with function Hash (Key : Key_Type) return Hash_Type;
355
356      with function Equivalent_Keys (Left, Right : Key_Type) return Boolean;
357
358   package Generic_Keys is
359
360      function Key (Position : Cursor) return Key_Type;
361      --  Applies generic formal operation Key to the element of the node
362      --  designated by Position.
363
364      function Element (Container : Set; Key : Key_Type) return Element_Type;
365      --  Searches (as per the key-based Find) for the node containing Key, and
366      --  returns the associated element.
367
368      procedure Replace
369        (Container : in out Set;
370         Key       : Key_Type;
371         New_Item  : Element_Type);
372      --  Searches (as per the key-based Find) for the node containing Key, and
373      --  then replaces the element of that node (as per the element-based
374      --  Replace_Element).
375
376      procedure Exclude (Container : in out Set; Key : Key_Type);
377      --  Searches for Key in the set, and if found, removes its node from the
378      --  set and then deallocates it. The search works by first calling Hash
379      --  (on Key) to determine the bucket; if the bucket is not empty, it
380      --  calls Equivalent_Keys to compare parameter Key to the value of
381      --  generic formal operation Key applied to element of each node in the
382      --  bucket.
383
384      procedure Delete (Container : in out Set; Key : Key_Type);
385      --  Deletes the node containing Key as per Exclude, with the difference
386      --  that Constraint_Error is raised if Key is not found.
387
388      function Find (Container : Set; Key : Key_Type) return Cursor;
389      --  Searches for the node containing Key, and returns a cursor
390      --  designating the node. The search works by first calling Hash (on Key)
391      --  to determine the bucket. If the bucket is not empty, the search
392      --  compares Key to the element of each node in the bucket, and returns
393      --  the matching node. The comparison itself works by applying the
394      --  generic formal Key operation to the element of the node, and then
395      --  calling generic formal operation Equivalent_Keys.
396
397      function Contains (Container : Set; Key : Key_Type) return Boolean;
398      --  Equivalent to Find (Container, Key) /= No_Element
399
400      procedure Update_Element_Preserving_Key
401        (Container : in out Set;
402         Position  : Cursor;
403         Process   : not null access
404                       procedure (Element : in out Element_Type));
405      --  Calls Process with the element of the node designated by Position,
406      --  but with the restriction that the key-value of the element is not
407      --  modified. The operation first makes a copy of the value returned by
408      --  applying generic formal operation Key on the element of the node, and
409      --  then calls Process with the element. The operation verifies that the
410      --  key-part has not been modified by calling generic formal operation
411      --  Equivalent_Keys to compare the saved key-value to the value returned
412      --  by applying generic formal operation Key to the post-Process value of
413      --  element. If the key values compare equal then the operation
414      --  completes. Otherwise, the node is removed from the map and
415      --  Program_Error is raised.
416
417      type Reference_Type (Element : not null access Element_Type) is private
418        with Implicit_Dereference => Element;
419
420      function Reference_Preserving_Key
421        (Container : aliased in out Set;
422         Position  : Cursor) return Reference_Type;
423
424      function Constant_Reference
425        (Container : aliased Set;
426         Key       : Key_Type) return Constant_Reference_Type;
427
428      function Reference_Preserving_Key
429        (Container : aliased in out Set;
430         Key       : Key_Type) return Reference_Type;
431
432   private
433      type Reference_Type (Element : not null access Element_Type)
434         is null record;
435
436      use Ada.Streams;
437
438      procedure Read
439        (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
440         Item   : out Reference_Type);
441
442      for Reference_Type'Read use Read;
443
444      procedure Write
445        (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
446         Item   : Reference_Type);
447
448      for Reference_Type'Write use Write;
449   end Generic_Keys;
450
451private
452   pragma Inline (Next);
453
454   type Node_Type;
455   type Node_Access is access Node_Type;
456
457   type Element_Access is access Element_Type;
458
459   type Node_Type is limited record
460      Element : Element_Access;
461      Next    : Node_Access;
462   end record;
463
464   package HT_Types is
465     new Hash_Tables.Generic_Hash_Table_Types (Node_Type, Node_Access);
466
467   type Set is new Ada.Finalization.Controlled with record
468      HT : HT_Types.Hash_Table_Type;
469   end record;
470
471   overriding procedure Adjust (Container : in out Set);
472
473   overriding procedure Finalize (Container : in out Set);
474
475   use HT_Types;
476   use Ada.Finalization;
477   use Ada.Streams;
478
479   procedure Write
480     (Stream    : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
481      Container : Set);
482
483   for Set'Write use Write;
484
485   procedure Read
486     (Stream    : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
487      Container : out Set);
488
489   for Set'Read use Read;
490
491   type Set_Access is access all Set;
492   for Set_Access'Storage_Size use 0;
493
494   type Cursor is record
495      Container : Set_Access;
496      Node      : Node_Access;
497   end record;
498
499   procedure Write
500     (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
501      Item   : Cursor);
502
503   for Cursor'Write use Write;
504
505   procedure Read
506     (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
507      Item   : out Cursor);
508
509   for Cursor'Read use Read;
510
511   type Reference_Control_Type is
512      new Controlled with record
513         Container : Set_Access;
514      end record;
515
516   overriding procedure Adjust (Control : in out Reference_Control_Type);
517   pragma Inline (Adjust);
518
519   overriding procedure Finalize (Control : in out Reference_Control_Type);
520   pragma Inline (Finalize);
521
522   type Constant_Reference_Type
523     (Element : not null access constant Element_Type) is
524      record
525         Control : Reference_Control_Type;
526      end record;
527
528   procedure Read
529     (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
530      Item   : out Constant_Reference_Type);
531
532   for Constant_Reference_Type'Read use Read;
533
534   procedure Write
535     (Stream : not null access Root_Stream_Type'Class;
536      Item   : Constant_Reference_Type);
537
538   for Constant_Reference_Type'Write use Write;
539
540   Empty_Set : constant Set := (Controlled with HT => (null, 0, 0, 0));
541
542   No_Element : constant Cursor := (Container => null, Node => null);
543
544   type Iterator is new Limited_Controlled and
545     Set_Iterator_Interfaces.Forward_Iterator with
546   record
547      Container : Set_Access;
548   end record;
549
550   overriding procedure Finalize (Object : in out Iterator);
551
552   overriding function First (Object : Iterator) return Cursor;
553
554   overriding function Next
555     (Object   : Iterator;
556      Position : Cursor) return Cursor;
557
558end Ada.Containers.Indefinite_Hashed_Sets;
559