1------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-- -- 3-- GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS -- 4-- -- 5-- G N A T . C O M M A N D _ L I N E -- 6-- -- 7-- S p e c -- 8-- -- 9-- Copyright (C) 1999-2013, AdaCore -- 10-- -- 11-- GNAT is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under -- 12-- terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Soft- -- 13-- ware Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later ver- -- 14-- sion. GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- -- 15-- OUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY -- 16-- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. -- 17-- -- 18-- As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted -- 19-- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, -- 20-- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. -- 21-- -- 22-- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and -- 23-- a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; -- 24-- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see -- 25-- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. -- 26-- -- 27-- GNAT was originally developed by the GNAT team at New York University. -- 28-- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc. -- 29-- -- 30------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 32-- High level package for command line parsing and manipulation 33 34---------------------------------------- 35-- Simple Parsing of the Command Line -- 36---------------------------------------- 37 38-- This package provides an interface for parsing command line arguments, 39-- when they are either read from Ada.Command_Line or read from a string list. 40-- As shown in the example below, one should first retrieve the switches 41-- (special command line arguments starting with '-' by default) and their 42-- parameters, and then the rest of the command line arguments. 43-- 44-- While it may appear easy to parse the command line arguments with 45-- Ada.Command_Line, there are in fact lots of special cases to handle in some 46-- applications. Those are fully managed by GNAT.Command_Line. Among these are 47-- switches with optional parameters, grouping switches (for instance "-ab" 48-- might mean the same as "-a -b"), various characters to separate a switch 49-- and its parameter (or none: "-a 1" and "-a1" are generally the same, which 50-- can introduce confusion with grouped switches),... 51-- 52-- begin 53-- loop 54-- case Getopt ("a b: ad") is -- Accepts '-a', '-ad', or '-b argument' 55-- when ASCII.NUL => exit; 56 57-- when 'a' => 58-- if Full_Switch = "a" then 59-- Put_Line ("Got a"); 60-- else 61-- Put_Line ("Got ad"); 62-- end if; 63 64-- when 'b' => Put_Line ("Got b + " & Parameter); 65 66-- when others => 67-- raise Program_Error; -- cannot occur 68-- end case; 69-- end loop; 70 71-- loop 72-- declare 73-- S : constant String := Get_Argument (Do_Expansion => True); 74-- begin 75-- exit when S'Length = 0; 76-- Put_Line ("Got " & S); 77-- end; 78-- end loop; 79 80-- exception 81-- when Invalid_Switch => Put_Line ("Invalid Switch " & Full_Switch); 82-- when Invalid_Parameter => Put_Line ("No parameter for " & Full_Switch); 83-- end; 84 85-------------- 86-- Sections -- 87-------------- 88 89-- A more complicated example would involve the use of sections for the 90-- switches, as for instance in gnatmake. The same command line is used to 91-- provide switches for several tools. Each tool recognizes its switches by 92-- separating them with special switches that act as section separators. 93-- Each section acts as a command line of its own. 94 95-- begin 96-- Initialize_Option_Scan ('-', False, "largs bargs cargs"); 97-- loop 98-- -- Same loop as above to get switches and arguments 99-- end loop; 100 101-- Goto_Section ("bargs"); 102-- loop 103-- -- Same loop as above to get switches and arguments 104-- -- The supported switches in Getopt might be different 105-- end loop; 106 107-- Goto_Section ("cargs"); 108-- loop 109-- -- Same loop as above to get switches and arguments 110-- -- The supported switches in Getopt might be different 111-- end loop; 112-- end; 113 114------------------------------- 115-- Parsing a List of Strings -- 116------------------------------- 117 118-- The examples above show how to parse the command line when the arguments 119-- are read directly from Ada.Command_Line. However, these arguments can also 120-- be read from a list of strings. This can be useful in several contexts, 121-- either because your system does not support Ada.Command_Line, or because 122-- you are manipulating other tools and creating their command lines by hand, 123-- or for any other reason. 124 125-- To create the list of strings, it is recommended to use 126-- GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_String_To_List. 127 128-- The example below shows how to get the parameters from such a list. Note 129-- also the use of '*' to get all the switches, and not report errors when an 130-- unexpected switch was used by the user 131 132-- declare 133-- Parser : Opt_Parser; 134-- Args : constant Argument_List_Access := 135-- GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_String_To_List ("-g -O1 -Ipath"); 136-- begin 137-- Initialize_Option_Scan (Parser, Args); 138-- while Getopt ("* g O! I=", Parser) /= ASCII.NUL loop 139-- Put_Line ("Switch " & Full_Switch (Parser) 140-- & " param=" & Parameter (Parser)); 141-- end loop; 142-- Free (Parser); 143-- end; 144 145------------------------------------------- 146-- High-Level Command Line Configuration -- 147------------------------------------------- 148 149-- As shown above, the code is still relatively low-level. For instance, there 150-- is no way to indicate which switches are related (thus if "-l" and "--long" 151-- should have the same effect, your code will need to test for both cases). 152-- Likewise, it is difficult to handle more advanced constructs, like: 153 154-- * Specifying -gnatwa is the same as specifying -gnatwu -gnatwv, but 155-- shorter and more readable 156 157-- * All switches starting with -gnatw can be grouped, for instance one 158-- can write -gnatwcd instead of -gnatwc -gnatwd. 159-- Of course, this can be combined with the above and -gnatwacd is the 160-- same as -gnatwc -gnatwd -gnatwu -gnatwv 161 162-- * The switch -T is the same as -gnatwAB (same as -gnatwA -gnatwB) 163 164-- With the above form of Getopt, you would receive "-gnatwa", "-T" or 165-- "-gnatwcd" in the examples above, and thus you require additional manual 166-- parsing of the switch. 167 168-- Instead, this package provides the type Command_Line_Configuration, which 169-- stores all the knowledge above. For instance: 170 171-- Config : Command_Line_Configuration; 172-- Define_Alias (Config, "-gnatwa", "-gnatwu -gnatwv"); 173-- Define_Prefix (Config, "-gnatw"); 174-- Define_Alias (Config, "-T", "-gnatwAB"); 175 176-- You then need to specify all possible switches in your application by 177-- calling Define_Switch, for instance: 178 179-- Define_Switch (Config, "-gnatwu", Help => "warn on unused entities"); 180-- Define_Switch (Config, "-gnatwv", Help => "warn on unassigned var"); 181-- ... 182 183-- Specifying the help message is optional, but makes it easy to then call 184-- the function: 185 186-- Display_Help (Config); 187 188-- that will display a properly formatted help message for your application, 189-- listing all possible switches. That way you have a single place in which 190-- to maintain the list of switches and their meaning, rather than maintaining 191-- both the string to pass to Getopt and a subprogram to display the help. 192-- Both will properly stay synchronized. 193 194-- Once you have this Config, you just have to call: 195 196-- Getopt (Config, Callback'Access); 197 198-- to parse the command line. The Callback will be called for each switch 199-- found on the command line (in the case of our example, that is "-gnatwu" 200-- and then "-gnatwv", not "-gnatwa" itself). This simplifies command line 201-- parsing a lot. 202 203-- In fact, this can be further automated for the most command case where the 204-- parameter passed to a switch is stored in a variable in the application. 205-- When a switch is defined, you only have to indicate where to store the 206-- value, and let Getopt do the rest. For instance: 207 208-- Optimization : aliased Integer; 209-- Verbose : aliased Boolean; 210 211-- Define_Switch (Config, Verbose'Access, 212-- "-v", Long_Switch => "--verbose", 213-- Help => "Output extra verbose information"); 214-- Define_Switch (Config, Optimization'Access, 215-- "-O?", Help => "Optimization level"); 216 217-- Getopt (Config); -- No callback 218 219-- Since all switches are handled automatically, we don't even need to pass 220-- a callback to Getopt. Once getopt has been called, the two variables 221-- Optimization and Verbose have been properly initialized, either to the 222-- default value or to the value found on the command line. 223 224------------------------------------------------ 225-- Creating and Manipulating the Command Line -- 226------------------------------------------------ 227 228-- This package provides mechanisms to create and modify command lines by 229-- adding or removing arguments from them. The resulting command line is kept 230-- as short as possible by coalescing arguments whenever possible. 231 232-- Complex command lines can thus be constructed, for example from a GUI 233-- (although this package does not by itself depend upon any specific GUI 234-- toolkit). 235 236-- Using the configuration defined earlier, one can then construct a command 237-- line for the tool with: 238 239-- Cmd : Command_Line; 240-- Set_Configuration (Cmd, Config); -- Config created earlier 241-- Add_Switch (Cmd, "-bar"); 242-- Add_Switch (Cmd, "-gnatwu"); 243-- Add_Switch (Cmd, "-gnatwv"); -- will be grouped with the above 244-- Add_Switch (Cmd, "-T"); 245 246-- The resulting command line can be iterated over to get all its switches, 247-- There are two modes for this iteration: either you want to get the 248-- shortest possible command line, which would be: 249 250-- -bar -gnatwaAB 251 252-- or on the other hand you want each individual switch (so that your own 253-- tool does not have to do further complex processing), which would be: 254 255-- -bar -gnatwu -gnatwv -gnatwA -gnatwB 256 257-- Of course, we can assume that the tool you want to spawn would understand 258-- both of these, since they are both compatible with the description we gave 259-- above. However, the first result is useful if you want to show the user 260-- what you are spawning (since that keeps the output shorter), and the second 261-- output is more useful for a tool that would check whether -gnatwu was 262-- passed (which isn't obvious in the first output). Likewise, the second 263-- output is more useful if you have a graphical interface since each switch 264-- can be associated with a widget, and you immediately know whether -gnatwu 265-- was selected. 266-- 267-- Some command line arguments can have parameters, which on a command line 268-- appear as a separate argument that must immediately follow the switch. 269-- Since the subprograms in this package will reorganize the switches to group 270-- them, you need to indicate what is a command line parameter, and what is a 271-- switch argument. 272 273-- This is done by passing an extra argument to Add_Switch, as in: 274 275-- Add_Switch (Cmd, "-foo", Parameter => "arg1"); 276 277-- This ensures that "arg1" will always be treated as the argument to -foo, 278-- and will not be grouped with other parts of the command line. 279 280with Ada.Command_Line; 281 282with GNAT.Directory_Operations; 283with GNAT.OS_Lib; 284with GNAT.Regexp; 285with GNAT.Strings; 286 287package GNAT.Command_Line is 288 289 ------------- 290 -- Parsing -- 291 ------------- 292 293 type Opt_Parser is private; 294 Command_Line_Parser : constant Opt_Parser; 295 -- This object is responsible for parsing a list of arguments, which by 296 -- default are the standard command line arguments from Ada.Command_Line. 297 -- This is really a pointer to actual data, which must therefore be 298 -- initialized through a call to Initialize_Option_Scan, and must be freed 299 -- with a call to Free. 300 -- 301 -- As a special case, Command_Line_Parser does not need to be either 302 -- initialized or free-ed. 303 304 procedure Initialize_Option_Scan 305 (Switch_Char : Character := '-'; 306 Stop_At_First_Non_Switch : Boolean := False; 307 Section_Delimiters : String := ""); 308 procedure Initialize_Option_Scan 309 (Parser : out Opt_Parser; 310 Command_Line : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 311 Switch_Char : Character := '-'; 312 Stop_At_First_Non_Switch : Boolean := False; 313 Section_Delimiters : String := ""); 314 -- The first procedure resets the internal state of the package to prepare 315 -- to rescan the parameters. It does not need to be called before the 316 -- first use of Getopt (but it could be), but it must be called if you 317 -- want to start rescanning the command line parameters from the start. 318 -- The optional parameter Switch_Char can be used to reset the switch 319 -- character, e.g. to '/' for use in DOS-like systems. 320 -- 321 -- The second subprogram initializes a parser that takes its arguments 322 -- from an array of strings rather than directly from the command line. In 323 -- this case, the parser is responsible for freeing the strings stored in 324 -- Command_Line. If you pass null to Command_Line, this will in fact create 325 -- a second parser for Ada.Command_Line, which doesn't share any data with 326 -- the default parser. This parser must be free'ed. 327 -- 328 -- The optional parameter Stop_At_First_Non_Switch indicates if Getopt is 329 -- to look for switches on the whole command line, or if it has to stop as 330 -- soon as a non-switch argument is found. 331 -- 332 -- Example: 333 -- 334 -- Arguments: my_application file1 -c 335 -- 336 -- If Stop_At_First_Non_Switch is False, then -c will be considered 337 -- as a switch (returned by getopt), otherwise it will be considered 338 -- as a normal argument (returned by Get_Argument). 339 -- 340 -- If Section_Delimiters is set, then every following subprogram 341 -- (Getopt and Get_Argument) will only operate within a section, which 342 -- is delimited by any of these delimiters or the end of the command line. 343 -- 344 -- Example: 345 -- Initialize_Option_Scan (Section_Delimiters => "largs bargs cargs"); 346 -- 347 -- Arguments on command line : my_application -c -bargs -d -e -largs -f 348 -- This line contains three sections, the first one is the default one 349 -- and includes only the '-c' switch, the second one is between -bargs 350 -- and -largs and includes '-d -e' and the last one includes '-f'. 351 352 procedure Free (Parser : in out Opt_Parser); 353 -- Free the memory used by the parser. Calling this is not mandatory for 354 -- the Command_Line_Parser 355 356 procedure Goto_Section 357 (Name : String := ""; 358 Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser); 359 -- Change the current section. The next Getopt or Get_Argument will start 360 -- looking at the beginning of the section. An empty name ("") refers to 361 -- the first section between the program name and the first section 362 -- delimiter. If the section does not exist in Section_Delimiters, then 363 -- Invalid_Section is raised. If the section does not appear on the command 364 -- line, then it is treated as an empty section. 365 366 function Full_Switch 367 (Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return String; 368 -- Returns the full name of the last switch found (Getopt only returns the 369 -- first character). Does not include the Switch_Char ('-' by default), 370 -- unless the "*" option of Getopt is used (see below). 371 372 function Current_Section 373 (Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return String; 374 -- Return the name of the current section. 375 -- The list of valid sections is defined through Initialize_Option_Scan 376 377 function Getopt 378 (Switches : String; 379 Concatenate : Boolean := True; 380 Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return Character; 381 -- This function moves to the next switch on the command line (defined as 382 -- switch character followed by a character within Switches, casing being 383 -- significant). The result returned is the first character of the switch 384 -- that is located. If there are no more switches in the current section, 385 -- returns ASCII.NUL. If Concatenate is True (the default), the switches do 386 -- not need to be separated by spaces (they can be concatenated if they do 387 -- not require an argument, e.g. -ab is the same as two separate arguments 388 -- -a -b). 389 -- 390 -- Switches is a string of all the possible switches, separated by 391 -- spaces. A switch can be followed by one of the following characters: 392 -- 393 -- ':' The switch requires a parameter. There can optionally be a space 394 -- on the command line between the switch and its parameter. 395 -- 396 -- '=' The switch requires a parameter. There can either be a '=' or a 397 -- space on the command line between the switch and its parameter. 398 -- 399 -- '!' The switch requires a parameter, but there can be no space on the 400 -- command line between the switch and its parameter. 401 -- 402 -- '?' The switch may have an optional parameter. There can be no space 403 -- between the switch and its argument. 404 -- 405 -- e.g. if Switches has the following value : "a? b", 406 -- The command line can be: 407 -- 408 -- -afoo : -a switch with 'foo' parameter 409 -- -a foo : -a switch and another element on the 410 -- command line 'foo', returned by Get_Argument 411 -- 412 -- Example: if Switches is "-a: -aO:", you can have the following 413 -- command lines: 414 -- 415 -- -aarg : 'a' switch with 'arg' parameter 416 -- -a arg : 'a' switch with 'arg' parameter 417 -- -aOarg : 'aO' switch with 'arg' parameter 418 -- -aO arg : 'aO' switch with 'arg' parameter 419 -- 420 -- Example: 421 -- 422 -- Getopt ("a b: ac ad?") 423 -- 424 -- accept either 'a' or 'ac' with no argument, 425 -- accept 'b' with a required argument 426 -- accept 'ad' with an optional argument 427 -- 428 -- If the first item in switches is '*', then Getopt will catch 429 -- every element on the command line that was not caught by any other 430 -- switch. The character returned by GetOpt is '*', but Full_Switch 431 -- contains the full command line argument, including leading '-' if there 432 -- is one. If this character was not returned, there would be no way of 433 -- knowing whether it is there or not. 434 -- 435 -- Example 436 -- Getopt ("* a b") 437 -- If the command line is '-a -c toto.o -b', Getopt will return 438 -- successively 'a', '*', '*' and 'b', with Full_Switch returning 439 -- "a", "-c", "toto.o", and "b". 440 -- 441 -- When Getopt encounters an invalid switch, it raises the exception 442 -- Invalid_Switch and sets Full_Switch to return the invalid switch. 443 -- When Getopt cannot find the parameter associated with a switch, it 444 -- raises Invalid_Parameter, and sets Full_Switch to return the invalid 445 -- switch. 446 -- 447 -- Note: in case of ambiguity, e.g. switches a ab abc, then the longest 448 -- matching switch is returned. 449 -- 450 -- Arbitrary characters are allowed for switches, although it is 451 -- strongly recommended to use only letters and digits for portability 452 -- reasons. 453 -- 454 -- When Concatenate is False, individual switches need to be separated by 455 -- spaces. 456 -- 457 -- Example 458 -- Getopt ("a b", Concatenate => False) 459 -- If the command line is '-ab', exception Invalid_Switch will be 460 -- raised and Full_Switch will return "ab". 461 462 function Get_Argument 463 (Do_Expansion : Boolean := False; 464 Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return String; 465 -- Returns the next element on the command line that is not a switch. This 466 -- function should not be called before Getopt has returned ASCII.NUL. 467 -- 468 -- If Do_Expansion is True, then the parameter on the command line will 469 -- be considered as a filename with wild cards, and will be expanded. The 470 -- matching file names will be returned one at a time. This is useful in 471 -- non-Unix systems for obtaining normal expansion of wild card references. 472 -- When there are no more arguments on the command line, this function 473 -- returns an empty string. 474 475 function Parameter 476 (Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return String; 477 -- Returns parameter associated with the last switch returned by Getopt. 478 -- If no parameter was associated with the last switch, or no previous call 479 -- has been made to Get_Argument, raises Invalid_Parameter. If the last 480 -- switch was associated with an optional argument and this argument was 481 -- not found on the command line, Parameter returns an empty string. 482 483 function Separator 484 (Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser) return Character; 485 -- The separator that was between the switch and its parameter. This is 486 -- useful if you want to know exactly what was on the command line. This 487 -- is in general a single character, set to ASCII.NUL if the switch and 488 -- the parameter were concatenated. A space is returned if the switch and 489 -- its argument were in two separate arguments. 490 491 Invalid_Section : exception; 492 -- Raised when an invalid section is selected by Goto_Section 493 494 Invalid_Switch : exception; 495 -- Raised when an invalid switch is detected in the command line 496 497 Invalid_Parameter : exception; 498 -- Raised when a parameter is missing, or an attempt is made to obtain a 499 -- parameter for a switch that does not allow a parameter. 500 501 ----------------------------------------- 502 -- Expansion of command line arguments -- 503 ----------------------------------------- 504 505 -- These subprograms take care of of expanding globbing patterns on the 506 -- command line. On Unix, such expansion is done by the shell before your 507 -- application is called. But on Windows you must do this expansion 508 -- yourself. 509 510 type Expansion_Iterator is limited private; 511 -- Type used during expansion of file names 512 513 procedure Start_Expansion 514 (Iterator : out Expansion_Iterator; 515 Pattern : String; 516 Directory : String := ""; 517 Basic_Regexp : Boolean := True); 518 -- Initialize a wild card expansion. The next calls to Expansion will 519 -- return the next file name in Directory which match Pattern (Pattern 520 -- is a regular expression, using only the Unix shell and DOS syntax if 521 -- Basic_Regexp is True). When Directory is an empty string, the current 522 -- directory is searched. 523 -- 524 -- Pattern may contain directory separators (as in "src/*/*.ada"). 525 -- Subdirectories of Directory will also be searched, up to one 526 -- hundred levels deep. 527 -- 528 -- When Start_Expansion has been called, function Expansion should 529 -- be called repeatedly until it returns an empty string, before 530 -- Start_Expansion can be called again with the same Expansion_Iterator 531 -- variable. 532 533 function Expansion (Iterator : Expansion_Iterator) return String; 534 -- Returns the next file in the directory matching the parameters given 535 -- to Start_Expansion and updates Iterator to point to the next entry. 536 -- Returns an empty string when there are no more files. 537 -- 538 -- If Expansion is called again after an empty string has been returned, 539 -- then the exception GNAT.Directory_Operations.Directory_Error is raised. 540 541 ----------------- 542 -- Configuring -- 543 ----------------- 544 545 -- The following subprograms are used to manipulate a command line 546 -- represented as a string (for instance "-g -O2"), as well as parsing 547 -- the switches from such a string. They provide high-level configurations 548 -- to define aliases (a switch is equivalent to one or more other switches) 549 -- or grouping of switches ("-gnatyac" is equivalent to "-gnatya" and 550 -- "-gnatyc"). 551 552 -- See the top of this file for examples on how to use these subprograms 553 554 type Command_Line_Configuration is private; 555 556 procedure Define_Section 557 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 558 Section : String); 559 -- Indicates a new switch section. All switches belonging to the same 560 -- section are ordered together, preceded by the section. They are placed 561 -- at the end of the command line (as in "gnatmake somefile.adb -cargs -g") 562 -- 563 -- The section name should not include the leading '-'. So for instance in 564 -- the case of gnatmake we would use: 565 -- 566 -- Define_Section (Config, "cargs"); 567 -- Define_Section (Config, "bargs"); 568 569 procedure Define_Alias 570 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 571 Switch : String; 572 Expanded : String; 573 Section : String := ""); 574 -- Indicates that whenever Switch appears on the command line, it should 575 -- be expanded as Expanded. For instance, for the GNAT compiler switches, 576 -- we would define "-gnatwa" as an alias for "-gnatwcfijkmopruvz", ie some 577 -- default warnings to be activated. 578 -- 579 -- This expansion is only done within the specified section, which must 580 -- have been defined first through a call to [Define_Section]. 581 582 procedure Define_Prefix 583 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 584 Prefix : String); 585 -- Indicates that all switches starting with the given prefix should be 586 -- grouped. For instance, for the GNAT compiler we would define "-gnatw" as 587 -- a prefix, so that "-gnatwu -gnatwv" can be grouped into "-gnatwuv" It is 588 -- assumed that the remainder of the switch ("uv") is a set of characters 589 -- whose order is irrelevant. In fact, this package will sort them 590 -- alphabetically. 591 -- 592 -- When grouping switches that accept arguments (for instance "-gnatyL!" 593 -- as the definition, and "-gnatyaL12b" as the command line), only 594 -- numerical arguments are accepted. The above is equivalent to 595 -- "-gnatya -gnatyL12 -gnatyb". 596 597 procedure Define_Switch 598 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 599 Switch : String := ""; 600 Long_Switch : String := ""; 601 Help : String := ""; 602 Section : String := ""; 603 Argument : String := "ARG"); 604 -- Indicates a new switch. The format of this switch follows the getopt 605 -- format (trailing ':', '?', etc for defining a switch with parameters). 606 -- 607 -- Switch should also start with the leading '-' (or any other characters). 608 -- If this character is not '-', you need to call Initialize_Option_Scan to 609 -- set the proper character for the parser. 610 -- 611 -- The switches defined in the command_line_configuration object are used 612 -- when ungrouping switches with more that one character after the prefix. 613 -- 614 -- Switch and Long_Switch (when specified) are aliases and can be used 615 -- interchangeably. There is no check that they both take an argument or 616 -- both take no argument. Switch can be set to "*" to indicate that any 617 -- switch is supported (in which case Getopt will return '*', see its 618 -- documentation). 619 -- 620 -- Help is used by the Display_Help procedure to describe the supported 621 -- switches. 622 -- 623 -- In_Section indicates in which section the switch is valid (you need to 624 -- first define the section through a call to Define_Section). 625 -- 626 -- Argument is the name of the argument, as displayed in the automatic 627 -- help message. It is always capitalized for consistency. 628 629 procedure Define_Switch 630 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 631 Output : access Boolean; 632 Switch : String := ""; 633 Long_Switch : String := ""; 634 Help : String := ""; 635 Section : String := ""; 636 Value : Boolean := True); 637 -- See Define_Switch for a description of the parameters. 638 -- When the switch is found on the command line, Getopt will set 639 -- Output.all to Value. 640 -- 641 -- Output is always initially set to "not Value", so that if the switch is 642 -- not found on the command line, Output still has a valid value. 643 -- The switch must not take any parameter. 644 -- 645 -- Output must exist at least as long as Config, otherwise an erroneous 646 -- memory access may occur. 647 648 procedure Define_Switch 649 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 650 Output : access Integer; 651 Switch : String := ""; 652 Long_Switch : String := ""; 653 Help : String := ""; 654 Section : String := ""; 655 Initial : Integer := 0; 656 Default : Integer := 1; 657 Argument : String := "ARG"); 658 -- See Define_Switch for a description of the parameters. When the 659 -- switch is found on the command line, Getopt will set Output.all to the 660 -- value of the switch's parameter. If the parameter is not an integer, 661 -- Invalid_Parameter is raised. 662 663 -- Output is always initialized to Initial. If the switch has an optional 664 -- argument which isn't specified by the user, then Output will be set to 665 -- Default. The switch must accept an argument. 666 667 procedure Define_Switch 668 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 669 Output : access GNAT.Strings.String_Access; 670 Switch : String := ""; 671 Long_Switch : String := ""; 672 Help : String := ""; 673 Section : String := ""; 674 Argument : String := "ARG"); 675 -- Set Output to the value of the switch's parameter when the switch is 676 -- found on the command line. Output is always initialized to the empty 677 -- string if it does not have a value already (otherwise it is left as is 678 -- so that you can specify the default value directly in the declaration 679 -- of the variable). The switch must accept an argument. 680 681 procedure Set_Usage 682 (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration; 683 Usage : String := "[switches] [arguments]"; 684 Help : String := ""; 685 Help_Msg : String := ""); 686 -- Defines the general format of the call to the application, and a short 687 -- help text. These are both displayed by Display_Help. When a non-empty 688 -- Help_Msg is given, it is used by Display_Help instead of the 689 -- automatically generated list of supported switches. 690 691 procedure Display_Help (Config : Command_Line_Configuration); 692 -- Display the help for the tool (ie its usage, and its supported switches) 693 694 function Get_Switches 695 (Config : Command_Line_Configuration; 696 Switch_Char : Character := '-'; 697 Section : String := "") return String; 698 -- Get the switches list as expected by Getopt, for a specific section of 699 -- the command line. This list is built using all switches defined 700 -- previously via Define_Switch above. 701 702 function Section_Delimiters 703 (Config : Command_Line_Configuration) return String; 704 -- Return a string suitable for use in Initialize_Option_Scan 705 706 procedure Free (Config : in out Command_Line_Configuration); 707 -- Free the memory used by Config 708 709 type Switch_Handler is access procedure 710 (Switch : String; 711 Parameter : String; 712 Section : String); 713 -- Called when a switch is found on the command line. Switch includes 714 -- any leading '-' that was specified in Define_Switch. This is slightly 715 -- different from the functional version of Getopt above, for which 716 -- Full_Switch omits the first leading '-'. 717 718 Exit_From_Command_Line : exception; 719 -- Emitted when the program should exit. This is called when Getopt below 720 -- has seen -h, --help or an invalid switch. 721 722 procedure Getopt 723 (Config : Command_Line_Configuration; 724 Callback : Switch_Handler := null; 725 Parser : Opt_Parser := Command_Line_Parser; 726 Concatenate : Boolean := True); 727 -- Similar to the standard Getopt function. For each switch found on the 728 -- command line, this calls Callback, if the switch is not handled 729 -- automatically. 730 -- 731 -- The list of valid switches are the ones from the configuration. The 732 -- switches that were declared through Define_Switch with an Output 733 -- parameter are never returned (and result in a modification of the Output 734 -- variable). This function will in fact never call [Callback] if all 735 -- switches were handled automatically and there is nothing left to do. 736 -- 737 -- The option Concatenate is identical to the one of the standard Getopt 738 -- function. 739 -- 740 -- This procedure automatically adds -h and --help to the valid switches, 741 -- to display the help message and raises Exit_From_Command_Line. 742 -- If an invalid switch is specified on the command line, this procedure 743 -- will display an error message and raises Invalid_Switch again. 744 -- 745 -- This function automatically expands switches: 746 -- 747 -- If Define_Prefix was called (for instance "-gnaty") and the user 748 -- specifies "-gnatycb" on the command line, then Getopt returns 749 -- "-gnatyc" and "-gnatyb" separately. 750 -- 751 -- If Define_Alias was called (for instance "-gnatya = -gnatycb") then 752 -- the latter is returned (in this case it also expands -gnaty as per 753 -- the above. 754 -- 755 -- The goal is to make handling as easy as possible by leaving as much 756 -- work as possible to this package. 757 -- 758 -- As opposed to the standard Getopt, this one will analyze all sections 759 -- as defined by Define_Section, and automatically jump from one section to 760 -- the next. 761 762 ------------------------------ 763 -- Generating command lines -- 764 ------------------------------ 765 766 -- Once the command line configuration has been created, you can build your 767 -- own command line. This will be done in general because you need to spawn 768 -- external tools from your application. 769 770 -- Although it could be done by concatenating strings, the following 771 -- subprograms will properly take care of grouping switches when possible, 772 -- so as to keep the command line as short as possible. They also provide a 773 -- way to remove a switch from an existing command line. 774 775 -- For instance: 776 777 -- declare 778 -- Config : Command_Line_Configuration; 779 -- Line : Command_Line; 780 -- Args : Argument_List_Access; 781 782 -- begin 783 -- Define_Switch (Config, "-gnatyc"); 784 -- Define_Switch (Config, ...); -- for all valid switches 785 -- Define_Prefix (Config, "-gnaty"); 786 787 -- Set_Configuration (Line, Config); 788 -- Add_Switch (Line, "-O2"); 789 -- Add_Switch (Line, "-gnatyc"); 790 -- Add_Switch (Line, "-gnatyd"); 791 -- 792 -- Build (Line, Args); 793 -- -- Args is now ["-O2", "-gnatycd"] 794 -- end; 795 796 type Command_Line is private; 797 798 procedure Set_Configuration 799 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 800 Config : Command_Line_Configuration); 801 function Get_Configuration 802 (Cmd : Command_Line) return Command_Line_Configuration; 803 -- Set or retrieve the configuration used for that command line. The Config 804 -- must have been initialized first, by calling one of the Define_Switches 805 -- subprograms. 806 807 procedure Set_Command_Line 808 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 809 Switches : String; 810 Getopt_Description : String := ""; 811 Switch_Char : Character := '-'); 812 -- Set the new content of the command line, by replacing the current 813 -- version with Switches. 814 -- 815 -- The parsing of Switches is done through calls to Getopt, by passing 816 -- Getopt_Description as an argument. (A "*" is automatically prepended so 817 -- that all switches and command line arguments are accepted). If a config 818 -- was defined via Set_Configuration, the Getopt_Description parameter will 819 -- be ignored. 820 -- 821 -- To properly handle switches that take parameters, you should document 822 -- them in Getopt_Description. Otherwise, the switch and its parameter will 823 -- be recorded as two separate command line arguments as returned by a 824 -- Command_Line_Iterator (which might be fine depending on your 825 -- application). 826 -- 827 -- If the command line has sections (such as -bargs -cargs), then they 828 -- should be listed in the Sections parameter (as "-bargs -cargs"). 829 -- 830 -- This function can be used to reset Cmd by passing an empty string 831 -- 832 -- If an invalid switch is found on the command line (ie wasn't defined in 833 -- the configuration via Define_Switch), and the configuration wasn't set 834 -- to accept all switches (by defining "*" as a valid switch), then an 835 -- exception Invalid_Switch is raised. The exception message indicates the 836 -- invalid switch. 837 838 procedure Add_Switch 839 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 840 Switch : String; 841 Parameter : String := ""; 842 Separator : Character := ASCII.NUL; 843 Section : String := ""; 844 Add_Before : Boolean := False); 845 -- Add a new switch to the command line, and combine/group it with existing 846 -- switches if possible. Nothing is done if the switch already exists with 847 -- the same parameter. 848 -- 849 -- If the Switch takes a parameter, the latter should be specified 850 -- separately, so that the association between the two is always correctly 851 -- recognized even if the order of switches on the command line changes. 852 -- For instance, you should pass "--check=full" as ("--check", "full") so 853 -- that Remove_Switch below can simply take "--check" in parameter. That 854 -- will automatically remove "full" as well. The value of the parameter is 855 -- never modified by this package. 856 -- 857 -- On the other hand, you could decide to simply pass "--check=full" as 858 -- the Switch above, and then pass no parameter. This means that you need 859 -- to pass "--check=full" to Remove_Switch as well. 860 -- 861 -- A Switch with a parameter will never be grouped with another switch to 862 -- avoid ambiguities as to what the parameter applies to. 863 -- 864 -- If the switch is part of a section, then it should be specified so that 865 -- the switch is correctly placed in the command line, and the section 866 -- added if not already present. For example, to add the -g switch into the 867 -- -cargs section, you need to call (Cmd, "-g", Section => "-cargs"). 868 -- 869 -- [Separator], if specified, overrides the separator that was defined 870 -- through Define_Switch. For instance, if the switch was defined as 871 -- "-from:", the separator defaults to a space. But if your application 872 -- uses unusual separators not supported by GNAT.Command_Line (for instance 873 -- it requires ":"), you can specify this separator here. 874 -- 875 -- For instance, 876 -- Add_Switch(Cmd, "-from", "bar", ':') 877 -- 878 -- results in 879 -- -from:bar 880 -- 881 -- rather than the default 882 -- -from bar 883 -- 884 -- Note however that Getopt doesn't know how to handle ":" as a separator. 885 -- So the recommendation is to declare the switch as "-from!" (ie no 886 -- space between the switch and its parameter). Then Getopt will return 887 -- ":bar" as the parameter, and you can trim the ":" in your application. 888 -- 889 -- Invalid_Section is raised if Section was not defined in the 890 -- configuration of the command line. 891 -- 892 -- Add_Before allows insertion of the switch at the beginning of the 893 -- command line. 894 895 procedure Add_Switch 896 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 897 Switch : String; 898 Parameter : String := ""; 899 Separator : Character := ASCII.NUL; 900 Section : String := ""; 901 Add_Before : Boolean := False; 902 Success : out Boolean); 903 -- Same as above, returning the status of the operation 904 905 procedure Remove_Switch 906 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 907 Switch : String; 908 Remove_All : Boolean := False; 909 Has_Parameter : Boolean := False; 910 Section : String := ""); 911 -- Remove Switch from the command line, and ungroup existing switches if 912 -- necessary. 913 -- 914 -- The actual parameter to the switches are ignored. If for instance 915 -- you are removing "-foo", then "-foo param1" and "-foo param2" can 916 -- be removed. 917 -- 918 -- If Remove_All is True, then all matching switches are removed, otherwise 919 -- only the first matching one is removed. 920 -- 921 -- If Has_Parameter is set to True, then only switches having a parameter 922 -- are removed. 923 -- 924 -- If the switch belongs to a section, then this section should be 925 -- specified: Remove_Switch (Cmd_Line, "-g", Section => "-cargs") called 926 -- on the command line "-g -cargs -g" will result in "-g", while if 927 -- called with (Cmd_Line, "-g") this will result in "-cargs -g". 928 -- If Remove_All is set, then both "-g" will be removed. 929 930 procedure Remove_Switch 931 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 932 Switch : String; 933 Remove_All : Boolean := False; 934 Has_Parameter : Boolean := False; 935 Section : String := ""; 936 Success : out Boolean); 937 -- Same as above, reporting the success of the operation (Success is False 938 -- if no switch was removed). 939 940 procedure Remove_Switch 941 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 942 Switch : String; 943 Parameter : String; 944 Section : String := ""); 945 -- Remove a switch with a specific parameter. If Parameter is the empty 946 -- string, then only a switch with no parameter will be removed. 947 948 procedure Free (Cmd : in out Command_Line); 949 -- Free the memory used by Cmd 950 951 --------------- 952 -- Iteration -- 953 --------------- 954 955 -- When a command line was created with the above, you can then iterate 956 -- over its contents using the following iterator. 957 958 type Command_Line_Iterator is private; 959 960 procedure Start 961 (Cmd : in out Command_Line; 962 Iter : in out Command_Line_Iterator; 963 Expanded : Boolean := False); 964 -- Start iterating over the command line arguments. If Expanded is true, 965 -- then the arguments are not grouped and no alias is used. For instance, 966 -- "-gnatwv" and "-gnatwu" would be returned instead of "-gnatwuv". 967 -- 968 -- The iterator becomes invalid if the command line is changed through a 969 -- call to Add_Switch, Remove_Switch or Set_Command_Line. 970 971 function Current_Switch (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return String; 972 function Is_New_Section (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return Boolean; 973 function Current_Section (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return String; 974 function Current_Separator (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return String; 975 function Current_Parameter (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return String; 976 -- Return the current switch and its parameter (or the empty string if 977 -- there is no parameter or the switch was added through Add_Switch 978 -- without specifying the parameter. 979 -- 980 -- Separator is the string that goes between the switch and its separator. 981 -- It could be the empty string if they should be concatenated, or a space 982 -- for instance. When printing, you should not add any other character. 983 984 function Has_More (Iter : Command_Line_Iterator) return Boolean; 985 -- Return True if there are more switches to be returned 986 987 procedure Next (Iter : in out Command_Line_Iterator); 988 -- Move to the next switch 989 990 procedure Build 991 (Line : in out Command_Line; 992 Args : out GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 993 Expanded : Boolean := False; 994 Switch_Char : Character := '-'); 995 -- This is a wrapper using the Command_Line_Iterator. It provides a simple 996 -- way to get all switches (grouped as much as possible), and possibly 997 -- create an Opt_Parser. 998 -- 999 -- Args must be freed by the caller. 1000 -- 1001 -- Expanded has the same meaning as in Start. 1002 1003private 1004 1005 Max_Depth : constant := 100; 1006 -- Maximum depth of subdirectories 1007 1008 Max_Path_Length : constant := 1024; 1009 -- Maximum length of relative path 1010 1011 type Depth is range 1 .. Max_Depth; 1012 1013 type Level is record 1014 Name_Last : Natural := 0; 1015 Dir : GNAT.Directory_Operations.Dir_Type; 1016 end record; 1017 1018 type Level_Array is array (Depth) of Level; 1019 1020 type Section_Number is new Natural range 0 .. 65534; 1021 for Section_Number'Size use 16; 1022 1023 type Parameter_Type is record 1024 Arg_Num : Positive; 1025 First : Positive; 1026 Last : Positive; 1027 Extra : Character; 1028 end record; 1029 1030 type Is_Switch_Type is array (Natural range <>) of Boolean; 1031 pragma Pack (Is_Switch_Type); 1032 1033 type Section_Type is array (Natural range <>) of Section_Number; 1034 pragma Pack (Section_Type); 1035 1036 type Expansion_Iterator is limited record 1037 Start : Positive := 1; 1038 -- Position of the first character of the relative path to check against 1039 -- the pattern. 1040 1041 Dir_Name : String (1 .. Max_Path_Length); 1042 1043 Current_Depth : Depth := 1; 1044 1045 Levels : Level_Array; 1046 1047 Regexp : GNAT.Regexp.Regexp; 1048 -- Regular expression built with the pattern 1049 1050 Maximum_Depth : Depth := 1; 1051 -- The maximum depth of directories, reflecting the number of directory 1052 -- separators in the pattern. 1053 end record; 1054 1055 type Opt_Parser_Data (Arg_Count : Natural) is record 1056 Arguments : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1057 -- null if reading from the command line 1058 1059 The_Parameter : Parameter_Type; 1060 The_Separator : Character; 1061 The_Switch : Parameter_Type; 1062 -- This type and this variable are provided to store the current switch 1063 -- and parameter. 1064 1065 Is_Switch : Is_Switch_Type (1 .. Arg_Count) := (others => False); 1066 -- Indicates wich arguments on the command line are considered not be 1067 -- switches or parameters to switches (leaving e.g. filenames,...) 1068 1069 Section : Section_Type (1 .. Arg_Count) := (others => 1); 1070 -- Contains the number of the section associated with the current 1071 -- switch. If this number is 0, then it is a section delimiter, which is 1072 -- never returned by GetOpt. 1073 1074 Current_Argument : Natural := 1; 1075 -- Number of the current argument parsed on the command line 1076 1077 Current_Index : Natural := 1; 1078 -- Index in the current argument of the character to be processed 1079 1080 Current_Section : Section_Number := 1; 1081 1082 Expansion_It : aliased Expansion_Iterator; 1083 -- When Get_Argument is expanding a file name, this is the iterator used 1084 1085 In_Expansion : Boolean := False; 1086 -- True if we are expanding a file 1087 1088 Switch_Character : Character := '-'; 1089 -- The character at the beginning of the command line arguments, 1090 -- indicating the beginning of a switch. 1091 1092 Stop_At_First : Boolean := False; 1093 -- If it is True then Getopt stops at the first non-switch argument 1094 end record; 1095 1096 Command_Line_Parser_Data : aliased Opt_Parser_Data 1097 (Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count); 1098 -- The internal data used when parsing the command line 1099 1100 type Opt_Parser is access all Opt_Parser_Data; 1101 Command_Line_Parser : constant Opt_Parser := 1102 Command_Line_Parser_Data'Access; 1103 1104 type Switch_Type is (Switch_Untyped, 1105 Switch_Boolean, 1106 Switch_Integer, 1107 Switch_String); 1108 1109 type Switch_Definition (Typ : Switch_Type := Switch_Untyped) is record 1110 Switch : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1111 Long_Switch : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1112 Section : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1113 Help : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1114 1115 Argument : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1116 -- null if "ARG". 1117 -- Name of the argument for this switch. 1118 1119 case Typ is 1120 when Switch_Untyped => 1121 null; 1122 when Switch_Boolean => 1123 Boolean_Output : access Boolean; 1124 Boolean_Value : Boolean; -- will set Output to that value 1125 when Switch_Integer => 1126 Integer_Output : access Integer; 1127 Integer_Initial : Integer; 1128 Integer_Default : Integer; 1129 when Switch_String => 1130 String_Output : access GNAT.Strings.String_Access; 1131 end case; 1132 end record; 1133 type Switch_Definitions is array (Natural range <>) of Switch_Definition; 1134 type Switch_Definitions_List is access all Switch_Definitions; 1135 -- [Switch] includes the leading '-' 1136 1137 type Alias_Definition is record 1138 Alias : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1139 Expansion : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1140 Section : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1141 end record; 1142 type Alias_Definitions is array (Natural range <>) of Alias_Definition; 1143 type Alias_Definitions_List is access all Alias_Definitions; 1144 1145 type Command_Line_Configuration_Record is record 1146 Prefixes : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1147 -- The list of prefixes 1148 1149 Sections : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1150 -- The list of sections 1151 1152 Star_Switch : Boolean := False; 1153 -- Whether switches not described in this configuration should be 1154 -- returned to the user (True). If False, an exception Invalid_Switch 1155 -- is raised. 1156 1157 Aliases : Alias_Definitions_List; 1158 Usage : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1159 Help : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1160 Help_Msg : GNAT.OS_Lib.String_Access; 1161 Switches : Switch_Definitions_List; 1162 -- List of expected switches (Used when expanding switch groups) 1163 end record; 1164 type Command_Line_Configuration is access Command_Line_Configuration_Record; 1165 1166 type Command_Line is record 1167 Config : Command_Line_Configuration; 1168 Expanded : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1169 1170 Params : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1171 -- Parameter for the corresponding switch in Expanded. The first 1172 -- character is the separator (or ASCII.NUL if there is no separator). 1173 1174 Sections : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1175 -- The list of sections 1176 1177 Coalesce : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1178 Coalesce_Params : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1179 Coalesce_Sections : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1180 -- Cached version of the command line. This is recomputed every time 1181 -- the command line changes. Switches are grouped as much as possible, 1182 -- and aliases are used to reduce the length of the command line. The 1183 -- parameters are not allocated, they point into Params, so they must 1184 -- not be freed. 1185 end record; 1186 1187 type Command_Line_Iterator is record 1188 List : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1189 Sections : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1190 Params : GNAT.OS_Lib.Argument_List_Access; 1191 Current : Natural; 1192 end record; 1193 1194end GNAT.Command_Line; 1195