1 /* ELF support for BFD.
2    Copyright (C) 1991-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 
4    Written by Fred Fish @ Cygnus Support, from information published
5    in "UNIX System V Release 4, Programmers Guide: ANSI C and
6    Programming Support Tools".
7 
8    This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
9 
10    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
13    (at your option) any later version.
14 
15    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
18    GNU General Public License for more details.
19 
20    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
22    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
23    MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
24 
25 /* This file is part of ELF support for BFD, and contains the portions
26    that describe how ELF is represented internally in the BFD library.
27    I.E. it describes the in-memory representation of ELF.  It requires
28    the elf-common.h file which contains the portions that are common to
29    both the internal and external representations.  */
30 
31 /* NOTE that these structures are not kept in the same order as they appear
32    in the object file.  In some cases they've been reordered for more optimal
33    packing under various circumstances.  */
34 
35 #ifndef _ELF_INTERNAL_H
36 #define _ELF_INTERNAL_H
37 
38 /* Special section indices, which may show up in st_shndx fields, among
39    other places.  */
40 
41 #undef SHN_UNDEF
42 #undef SHN_LORESERVE
43 #undef SHN_LOPROC
44 #undef SHN_HIPROC
45 #undef SHN_LOOS
46 #undef SHN_HIOS
47 #undef SHN_ABS
48 #undef SHN_COMMON
49 #undef SHN_XINDEX
50 #undef SHN_HIRESERVE
51 #define SHN_UNDEF	0		/* Undefined section reference */
52 #define SHN_LORESERVE	(-0x100u)	/* Begin range of reserved indices */
53 #define SHN_LOPROC	(-0x100u)	/* Begin range of appl-specific */
54 #define SHN_HIPROC	(-0xE1u)	/* End range of appl-specific */
55 #define SHN_LOOS	(-0xE0u)	/* OS specific semantics, lo */
56 #define SHN_HIOS	(-0xC1u)	/* OS specific semantics, hi */
57 #define SHN_ABS		(-0xFu)		/* Associated symbol is absolute */
58 #define SHN_COMMON	(-0xEu)		/* Associated symbol is in common */
59 #define SHN_XINDEX	(-0x1u)		/* Section index is held elsewhere */
60 #define SHN_HIRESERVE	(-0x1u)		/* End range of reserved indices */
61 #define SHN_BAD		(-0x101u)	/* Used internally by bfd */
62 
63 /* ELF Header */
64 
65 #define EI_NIDENT	16		/* Size of e_ident[] */
66 
67 typedef struct elf_internal_ehdr {
68   unsigned char		e_ident[EI_NIDENT]; /* ELF "magic number" */
69   bfd_vma		e_entry;	/* Entry point virtual address */
70   bfd_size_type		e_phoff;	/* Program header table file offset */
71   bfd_size_type		e_shoff;	/* Section header table file offset */
72   unsigned long		e_version;	/* Identifies object file version */
73   unsigned long		e_flags;	/* Processor-specific flags */
74   unsigned short	e_type;		/* Identifies object file type */
75   unsigned short	e_machine;	/* Specifies required architecture */
76   unsigned int		e_ehsize;	/* ELF header size in bytes */
77   unsigned int		e_phentsize;	/* Program header table entry size */
78   unsigned int		e_phnum;	/* Program header table entry count */
79   unsigned int		e_shentsize;	/* Section header table entry size */
80   unsigned int		e_shnum;	/* Section header table entry count */
81   unsigned int		e_shstrndx;	/* Section header string table index */
82 } Elf_Internal_Ehdr;
83 
84 /* Program header */
85 
86 struct elf_internal_phdr {
87   unsigned long	p_type;		     /* Identifies program segment type.  */
88   unsigned long	p_flags;	     /* Segment flags.  */
89   bfd_vma	p_offset;	     /* Segment file offset in octets.  */
90   bfd_vma	p_vaddr;	     /* Segment virtual address in octets.  */
91   bfd_vma	p_paddr;	     /* Segment physical address in octets.  */
92   bfd_vma	p_filesz;	     /* Segment size in file in octets.  */
93   bfd_vma	p_memsz;	     /* Segment size in memory in octets.  */
94   bfd_vma	p_align;	     /* Segment alignment in bytes, file
95 					& memory */
96 };
97 
98 typedef struct elf_internal_phdr Elf_Internal_Phdr;
99 
100 /* Section header */
101 
102 typedef struct elf_internal_shdr {
103   unsigned int	sh_name;		/* Section name, index in string tbl */
104   unsigned int	sh_type;		/* Type of section */
105   bfd_vma	sh_flags;		/* Miscellaneous section attributes */
106   bfd_vma	sh_addr;		/* Section virtual addr at execution in
107 					   octets.  */
108   file_ptr	sh_offset;		/* Section file offset in octets.  */
109   bfd_size_type	sh_size;		/* Size of section in octets.  */
110   unsigned int	sh_link;		/* Index of another section */
111   unsigned int	sh_info;		/* Additional section information */
112   bfd_vma	sh_addralign;		/* Section alignment */
113   bfd_size_type	sh_entsize;		/* Entry size if section holds table */
114 
115   /* The internal rep also has some cached info associated with it. */
116   asection *	bfd_section;		/* Associated BFD section.  */
117   unsigned char *contents;		/* Section contents.  */
118 } Elf_Internal_Shdr;
119 
120 /* Compression header */
121 
122 typedef struct elf_internal_chdr {
123   unsigned int	ch_type;		/* Type of compression */
124   bfd_size_type	ch_size;		/* Size of uncompressed data in bytes */
125   bfd_vma	ch_addralign;		/* Alignment of uncompressed data */
126 } Elf_Internal_Chdr;
127 
128 /* Symbol table entry */
129 
130 struct elf_internal_sym {
131   bfd_vma	st_value;		/* Value of the symbol */
132   bfd_vma	st_size;		/* Associated symbol size */
133   unsigned long	st_name;		/* Symbol name, index in string tbl */
134   unsigned char	st_info;		/* Type and binding attributes */
135   unsigned char	st_other;		/* Visibilty, and target specific */
136   unsigned char st_target_internal;	/* Internal-only information */
137   unsigned int  st_shndx;		/* Associated section index */
138 };
139 
140 typedef struct elf_internal_sym Elf_Internal_Sym;
141 
142 /* Note segments */
143 
144 typedef struct elf_internal_note {
145   unsigned long	namesz;			/* Size of entry's owner string */
146   unsigned long	descsz;			/* Size of the note descriptor */
147   unsigned long	type;			/* Interpretation of the descriptor */
148   char *	namedata;		/* Start of the name+desc data */
149   char *	descdata;		/* Start of the desc data */
150   bfd_vma	descpos;		/* File offset of the descdata */
151 } Elf_Internal_Note;
152 
153 /* Relocation Entries */
154 
155 typedef struct elf_internal_rela {
156   bfd_vma	r_offset;	/* Location at which to apply the action */
157   bfd_vma	r_info;		/* Index and Type of relocation */
158   bfd_vma	r_addend;	/* Constant addend used to compute value */
159 } Elf_Internal_Rela;
160 
161 /* dynamic section structure */
162 
163 typedef struct elf_internal_dyn {
164   /* This needs to support 64-bit values in elf64.  */
165   bfd_vma d_tag;		/* entry tag value */
166   union {
167     /* This needs to support 64-bit values in elf64.  */
168     bfd_vma	d_val;
169     bfd_vma	d_ptr;
170   } d_un;
171 } Elf_Internal_Dyn;
172 
173 /* This structure appears in a SHT_GNU_verdef section.  */
174 
175 typedef struct elf_internal_verdef {
176   unsigned short vd_version;	/* Version number of structure.  */
177   unsigned short vd_flags;	/* Flags (VER_FLG_*).  */
178   unsigned short vd_ndx;	/* Version index.  */
179   unsigned short vd_cnt;	/* Number of verdaux entries.  */
180   unsigned long	 vd_hash;	/* Hash of name.  */
181   unsigned long	 vd_aux;	/* Offset to verdaux entries.  */
182   unsigned long	 vd_next;	/* Offset to next verdef.  */
183 
184   /* These fields are set up when BFD reads in the structure.  FIXME:
185      It would be cleaner to store these in a different structure.  */
186   bfd			      *vd_bfd;		/* BFD.  */
187   const char		      *vd_nodename;	/* Version name.  */
188   struct elf_internal_verdef  *vd_nextdef;	/* vd_next as pointer.  */
189   struct elf_internal_verdaux *vd_auxptr;	/* vd_aux as pointer.  */
190   unsigned int		       vd_exp_refno;	/* Used by the linker.  */
191 } Elf_Internal_Verdef;
192 
193 /* This structure appears in a SHT_GNU_verdef section.  */
194 
195 typedef struct elf_internal_verdaux {
196   unsigned long vda_name;	/* String table offset of name.  */
197   unsigned long vda_next;	/* Offset to next verdaux.  */
198 
199   /* These fields are set up when BFD reads in the structure.  FIXME:
200      It would be cleaner to store these in a different structure.  */
201   const char *vda_nodename;			/* vda_name as pointer.  */
202   struct elf_internal_verdaux *vda_nextptr;	/* vda_next as pointer.  */
203 } Elf_Internal_Verdaux;
204 
205 /* This structure appears in a SHT_GNU_verneed section.  */
206 
207 typedef struct elf_internal_verneed {
208   unsigned short vn_version;	/* Version number of structure.  */
209   unsigned short vn_cnt;	/* Number of vernaux entries.  */
210   unsigned long	 vn_file;	/* String table offset of library name.  */
211   unsigned long	 vn_aux;	/* Offset to vernaux entries.  */
212   unsigned long	 vn_next;	/* Offset to next verneed.  */
213 
214   /* These fields are set up when BFD reads in the structure.  FIXME:
215      It would be cleaner to store these in a different structure.  */
216   bfd			      *vn_bfd;		/* BFD.  */
217   const char                  *vn_filename;	/* vn_file as pointer.  */
218   struct elf_internal_vernaux *vn_auxptr;	/* vn_aux as pointer.  */
219   struct elf_internal_verneed *vn_nextref;	/* vn_nextref as pointer.  */
220 } Elf_Internal_Verneed;
221 
222 /* This structure appears in a SHT_GNU_verneed section.  */
223 
224 typedef struct elf_internal_vernaux {
225   unsigned long	 vna_hash;	/* Hash of dependency name.  */
226   unsigned short vna_flags;	/* Flags (VER_FLG_*).  */
227   unsigned short vna_other;	/* Unused.  */
228   unsigned long	 vna_name;	/* String table offset to version name.  */
229   unsigned long	 vna_next;	/* Offset to next vernaux.  */
230 
231   /* These fields are set up when BFD reads in the structure.  FIXME:
232      It would be cleaner to store these in a different structure.  */
233   const char                  *vna_nodename;	/* vna_name as pointer.  */
234   struct elf_internal_vernaux *vna_nextptr;	/* vna_next as pointer.  */
235 } Elf_Internal_Vernaux;
236 
237 /* This structure appears in a SHT_GNU_versym section.  This is not a
238    standard ELF structure; ELF just uses Elf32_Half.  */
239 
240 typedef struct elf_internal_versym {
241   unsigned short vs_vers;
242 } Elf_Internal_Versym;
243 
244 /* Structure for syminfo section.  */
245 typedef struct
246 {
247   unsigned short int 	si_boundto;
248   unsigned short int	si_flags;
249 } Elf_Internal_Syminfo;
250 
251 /* This structure appears on the stack and in NT_AUXV core file notes.  */
252 typedef struct
253 {
254   bfd_vma a_type;
255   bfd_vma a_val;
256 } Elf_Internal_Auxv;
257 
258 
259 /* This structure is used to describe how sections should be assigned
260    to program segments.  */
261 
262 struct elf_segment_map
263 {
264   /* Next program segment.  */
265   struct elf_segment_map *next;
266   /* Program segment type.  */
267   unsigned long p_type;
268   /* Program segment flags.  */
269   unsigned long p_flags;
270   /* Program segment physical address in octets.  */
271   bfd_vma p_paddr;
272   /* Program segment virtual address offset from section vma in bytes.  */
273   bfd_vma p_vaddr_offset;
274   /* Program segment alignment.  */
275   bfd_vma p_align;
276   /* Segment size in file and memory in octets.  */
277   bfd_vma p_size;
278   /* Whether the p_flags field is valid; if not, the flags are based
279      on the section flags.  */
280   unsigned int p_flags_valid : 1;
281   /* Whether the p_paddr field is valid; if not, the physical address
282      is based on the section lma values.  */
283   unsigned int p_paddr_valid : 1;
284   /* Whether the p_align field is valid; if not, PT_LOAD segment
285      alignment is based on the default maximum page size.  */
286   unsigned int p_align_valid : 1;
287   /* Whether the p_size field is valid; if not, the size are based
288      on the section sizes.  */
289   unsigned int p_size_valid : 1;
290   /* Whether this segment includes the file header.  */
291   unsigned int includes_filehdr : 1;
292   /* Whether this segment includes the program headers.  */
293   unsigned int includes_phdrs : 1;
294   /* Assume this PT_LOAD header has an lma of zero when sorting
295      headers before assigning file offsets.  PT_LOAD headers with this
296      flag set are placed after one with includes_filehdr set, and
297      before PT_LOAD headers without this flag set.  */
298   unsigned int no_sort_lma : 1;
299   /* Index holding original order before sorting segments.  */
300   unsigned int idx;
301   /* Number of sections (may be 0).  */
302   unsigned int count;
303   /* Sections.  Actual number of elements is in count field.  */
304   asection *sections[1];
305 };
306 
307 /* .tbss is special.  It doesn't contribute memory space to normal
308    segments and it doesn't take file space in normal segments.  */
309 #define ELF_TBSS_SPECIAL(sec_hdr, segment)			\
310   (((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_TLS) != 0				\
311    && (sec_hdr)->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS				\
312    && (segment)->p_type != PT_TLS)
313 
314 #define ELF_SECTION_SIZE(sec_hdr, segment)			\
315   (ELF_TBSS_SPECIAL(sec_hdr, segment) ? 0 : (sec_hdr)->sh_size)
316 
317 /* Decide if the section SEC_HDR is in SEGMENT.  If CHECK_VMA, then
318    VMAs are checked for alloc sections.  If STRICT, then a zero size
319    section won't match at the end of a segment, unless the segment
320    is also zero size.  Regardless of STRICT and CHECK_VMA, zero size
321    sections won't match at the start or end of PT_DYNAMIC nor PT_NOTE,
322    unless PT_DYNAMIC and PT_NOTE are themselves zero sized.  */
323 #define ELF_SECTION_IN_SEGMENT_1(sec_hdr, segment, check_vma, strict)	\
324   ((/* Only PT_LOAD, PT_GNU_RELRO and PT_TLS segments can contain	\
325        SHF_TLS sections.  */						\
326     ((((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_TLS) != 0)				\
327      && ((segment)->p_type == PT_TLS					\
328 	 || (segment)->p_type == PT_GNU_RELRO				\
329 	 || (segment)->p_type == PT_LOAD))				\
330     /* PT_TLS segment contains only SHF_TLS sections, PT_PHDR no	\
331        sections at all.  */						\
332     || (((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_TLS) == 0				\
333 	&& (segment)->p_type != PT_TLS					\
334 	&& (segment)->p_type != PT_PHDR))				\
335    /* PT_LOAD and similar segments only have SHF_ALLOC sections.  */	\
336    && !(((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0				\
337 	&& ((segment)->p_type == PT_LOAD				\
338 	    || (segment)->p_type == PT_DYNAMIC				\
339 	    || (segment)->p_type == PT_GNU_EH_FRAME			\
340 	    || (segment)->p_type == PT_GNU_STACK			\
341 	    || (segment)->p_type == PT_GNU_RELRO			\
342 	    || ((segment)->p_type >= PT_GNU_MBIND_LO			\
343 		&& (segment)->p_type <= PT_GNU_MBIND_HI)))		\
344    /* Any section besides one of type SHT_NOBITS must have file		\
345       offsets within the segment.  */					\
346    && ((sec_hdr)->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS					\
347        || ((bfd_vma) (sec_hdr)->sh_offset >= (segment)->p_offset	\
348 	   && (!(strict)						\
349 	       || ((sec_hdr)->sh_offset - (segment)->p_offset		\
350 		   <= (segment)->p_filesz - 1))				\
351 	   && (((sec_hdr)->sh_offset - (segment)->p_offset		\
352 		+ ELF_SECTION_SIZE(sec_hdr, segment))			\
353 	       <= (segment)->p_filesz)))				\
354    /* SHF_ALLOC sections must have VMAs within the segment.  */		\
355    && (!(check_vma)							\
356        || ((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0			\
357        || ((sec_hdr)->sh_addr >= (segment)->p_vaddr			\
358 	   && (!(strict)						\
359 	       || ((sec_hdr)->sh_addr - (segment)->p_vaddr		\
360 		   <= (segment)->p_memsz - 1))				\
361 	   && (((sec_hdr)->sh_addr - (segment)->p_vaddr			\
362 		+ ELF_SECTION_SIZE(sec_hdr, segment))			\
363 	       <= (segment)->p_memsz)))					\
364    /* No zero size sections at start or end of PT_DYNAMIC nor		\
365       PT_NOTE.  */							\
366    && (((segment)->p_type != PT_DYNAMIC					\
367 	&& (segment)->p_type != PT_NOTE)				\
368        || (sec_hdr)->sh_size != 0					\
369        || (segment)->p_memsz == 0					\
370        || (((sec_hdr)->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS				\
371 	    || ((bfd_vma) (sec_hdr)->sh_offset > (segment)->p_offset	\
372 	        && ((sec_hdr)->sh_offset - (segment)->p_offset		\
373 		    < (segment)->p_filesz)))				\
374 	   && (((sec_hdr)->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0			\
375 	       || ((sec_hdr)->sh_addr > (segment)->p_vaddr		\
376 		   && ((sec_hdr)->sh_addr - (segment)->p_vaddr		\
377 		       < (segment)->p_memsz))))))
378 
379 #define ELF_SECTION_IN_SEGMENT(sec_hdr, segment)			\
380   (ELF_SECTION_IN_SEGMENT_1 (sec_hdr, segment, 1, 0))
381 
382 #define ELF_SECTION_IN_SEGMENT_STRICT(sec_hdr, segment)			\
383   (ELF_SECTION_IN_SEGMENT_1 (sec_hdr, segment, 1, 1))
384 
385 #endif /* _ELF_INTERNAL_H */
386