1 /* Display hostname in various forms.
2    Copyright (C) 2001-2003, 2006-2007, 2012, 2014, 2018-2020 Free Software
3    Foundation, Inc.
4    Written by Bruno Haible <haible@clisp.cons.org>, 2001.
5 
6    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
7    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
9    (at your option) any later version.
10 
11    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14    GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
18 
19 
20 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
21 # include "config.h"
22 #endif
23 
24 #include <errno.h>
25 #include <getopt.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <locale.h>
30 
31 #if defined _WIN32
32 # define WIN32_NATIVE
33 #endif
34 
35 /* Get gethostname().  */
36 #include <unistd.h>
37 
38 #ifdef WIN32_NATIVE
39 /* Native Woe32 API lacks gethostname() but has GetComputerName() instead.  */
40 # include <windows.h>
41 #else
42 /* Some systems, like early Solaris versions, lack gethostname() but
43    have uname() instead.  */
44 # if !HAVE_GETHOSTNAME
45 #  include <sys/utsname.h>
46 # endif
47 #endif
48 
49 /* Get MAXHOSTNAMELEN.  */
50 #if HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
51 # include <sys/param.h>
52 #endif
53 #ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN
54 # define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 64
55 #endif
56 
57 /* Support for using gethostbyname().  */
58 #if HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME
59 # include <sys/types.h>
60 # include <sys/socket.h> /* defines AF_INET, AF_INET6 */
61 # include <netinet/in.h> /* declares ntohs(), defines struct sockaddr_in */
62 # if HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
63 #  include <arpa/inet.h> /* declares inet_ntoa(), inet_ntop() */
64 # endif
65 # if HAVE_IPV6
66 #  if !defined(__CYGWIN__) /* Cygwin has only s6_addr, no s6_addr16 */
67 #   if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) /* MacOS X */
68 #    define in6_u __u6_addr
69 #    define u6_addr16 __u6_addr16
70 #   endif
71     /* Use s6_addr16 for portability.  See RFC 2553.  */
72 #   ifndef s6_addr16
73 #    define s6_addr16 in6_u.u6_addr16
74 #   endif
75 #   define HAVE_IN6_S6_ADDR16 1
76 #  endif
77 # endif
78 # include <netdb.h> /* defines struct hostent, declares gethostbyname() */
79 #endif
80 
81 /* Include this after <sys/socket.h>, to avoid a syntax error on BeOS.  */
82 #include <stdbool.h>
83 
84 #include "noreturn.h"
85 #include "closeout.h"
86 #include "error.h"
87 #include "error-progname.h"
88 #include "progname.h"
89 #include "relocatable.h"
90 #include "basename-lgpl.h"
91 #include "xalloc.h"
92 #include "propername.h"
93 #include "gettext.h"
94 
95 #define _(str) gettext (str)
96 
97 
98 /* Output format.  */
99 static enum { default_format, short_format, long_format, ip_format } format;
100 
101 /* Long options.  */
102 static const struct option long_options[] =
103 {
104   { "fqdn", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
105   { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
106   { "ip-address", no_argument, NULL, 'i' },
107   { "long", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
108   { "short", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
109   { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
110   { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
111 };
112 
113 
114 /* Forward declaration of local functions.  */
115 _GL_NORETURN_FUNC static void usage (int status);
116 static void print_hostname (void);
117 
118 int
main(int argc,char * argv[])119 main (int argc, char *argv[])
120 {
121   int optchar;
122   bool do_help;
123   bool do_version;
124 
125   /* Set program name for messages.  */
126   set_program_name (argv[0]);
127   error_print_progname = maybe_print_progname;
128 
129   /* Set locale via LC_ALL.  */
130   setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
131 
132   /* Set the text message domain.  */
133   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, relocate (LOCALEDIR));
134   textdomain (PACKAGE);
135 
136   /* Ensure that write errors on stdout are detected.  */
137   atexit (close_stdout);
138 
139   /* Set default values for variables.  */
140   do_help = false;
141   do_version = false;
142   format = default_format;
143 
144   /* Parse command line options.  */
145   while ((optchar = getopt_long (argc, argv, "fhisV", long_options, NULL))
146          != EOF)
147     switch (optchar)
148     {
149     case '\0':          /* Long option.  */
150       break;
151     case 'f':
152       format = long_format;
153       break;
154     case 's':
155       format = short_format;
156       break;
157     case 'i':
158       format = ip_format;
159       break;
160     case 'h':
161       do_help = true;
162       break;
163     case 'V':
164       do_version = true;
165       break;
166     default:
167       usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
168       /* NOTREACHED */
169     }
170 
171   /* Version information requested.  */
172   if (do_version)
173     {
174       printf ("%s (GNU %s) %s\n", last_component (program_name),
175               PACKAGE, VERSION);
176       /* xgettext: no-wrap */
177       printf (_("Copyright (C) %s Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n\
178 License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <%s>\n\
179 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\n\
180 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\
181 "),
182               "2001-2020", "https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html");
183       printf (_("Written by %s.\n"), proper_name ("Bruno Haible"));
184       exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
185     }
186 
187   /* Help is requested.  */
188   if (do_help)
189     usage (EXIT_SUCCESS);
190 
191   /* Test for extraneous arguments.  */
192   if (optind != argc)
193     error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("too many arguments"));
194 
195   /* Get and print the hostname.  */
196   print_hostname ();
197 
198   exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
199 }
200 
201 /* Display usage information and exit.  */
202 static void
usage(int status)203 usage (int status)
204 {
205   if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
206     fprintf (stderr, _("Try '%s --help' for more information.\n"),
207              program_name);
208   else
209     {
210       printf (_("\
211 Usage: %s [OPTION]\n\
212 "), program_name);
213       printf ("\n");
214       printf (_("\
215 Print the machine's hostname.\n"));
216       printf ("\n");
217       printf (_("\
218 Output format:\n"));
219       printf (_("\
220   -s, --short                 short host name\n"));
221       printf (_("\
222   -f, --fqdn, --long          long host name, includes fully qualified domain\n\
223                                 name, and aliases\n"));
224       printf (_("\
225   -i, --ip-address            addresses for the hostname\n"));
226       printf ("\n");
227       printf (_("\
228 Informative output:\n"));
229       printf (_("\
230   -h, --help                  display this help and exit\n"));
231       printf (_("\
232   -V, --version               output version information and exit\n"));
233       printf ("\n");
234       /* TRANSLATORS: The first placeholder is the web address of the Savannah
235          project of this package.  The second placeholder is the bug-reporting
236          email address for this package.  Please add _another line_ saying
237          "Report translation bugs to <...>\n" with the address for translation
238          bugs (typically your translation team's web or email address).  */
239       printf(_("\
240 Report bugs in the bug tracker at <%s>\n\
241 or by email to <%s>.\n"),
242              "https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/gettext",
243              "bug-gettext@gnu.org");
244     }
245 
246   exit (status);
247 }
248 
249 /* Returns an xmalloc()ed string containing the machine's host name.  */
250 static char *
xgethostname()251 xgethostname ()
252 {
253 #ifdef WIN32_NATIVE
254   char hostname[MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH+1];
255   DWORD size = sizeof (hostname);
256 
257   if (!GetComputerName (hostname, &size))
258     error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("could not get host name"));
259   return xstrdup (hostname);
260 #elif HAVE_GETHOSTNAME
261   char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+1];
262 
263   if (gethostname (hostname, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) < 0)
264     error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("could not get host name"));
265   hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
266   return xstrdup (hostname);
267 #else
268   struct utsname utsname;
269 
270   if (uname (&utsname) < 0)
271     error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("could not get host name"));
272   return xstrdup (utsname.nodename);
273 #endif
274 }
275 
276 /* Converts an AF_INET address to a printable, presentable format.
277    BUFFER is an array with at least 15+1 bytes.  ADDR is 'struct in_addr'.  */
278 #if HAVE_INET_NTOP
279 # define ipv4_ntop(buffer,addr) \
280     inet_ntop (AF_INET, &addr, buffer, 15+1)
281 #else
282 # define ipv4_ntop(buffer,addr) \
283     strcpy (buffer, inet_ntoa (addr))
284 #endif
285 
286 #if HAVE_IPV6
287 /* Converts an AF_INET6 address to a printable, presentable format.
288    BUFFER is an array with at least 45+1 bytes.  ADDR is 'struct in6_addr'.  */
289 # if HAVE_INET_NTOP
290 #  define ipv6_ntop(buffer,addr) \
291      inet_ntop (AF_INET6, &addr, buffer, 45+1)
292 # elif HAVE_IN6_S6_ADDR16
293 #  define ipv6_ntop(buffer,addr) \
294      sprintf (buffer, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", \
295               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[0]), \
296               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[1]), \
297               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[2]), \
298               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[3]), \
299               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[4]), \
300               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[5]), \
301               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[6]), \
302               ntohs ((addr).s6_addr16[7]))
303 # else
304 #  define ipv6_ntop(buffer,addr) \
305      sprintf (buffer, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", \
306               ((addr).s6_addr[0] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[1], \
307               ((addr).s6_addr[2] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[3], \
308               ((addr).s6_addr[4] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[5], \
309               ((addr).s6_addr[6] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[7], \
310               ((addr).s6_addr[8] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[9], \
311               ((addr).s6_addr[10] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[11], \
312               ((addr).s6_addr[12] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[13], \
313               ((addr).s6_addr[14] << 8) | (addr).s6_addr[15])
314 # endif
315 #endif
316 
317 /* Print the hostname according to the specified format.  */
318 static void
print_hostname()319 print_hostname ()
320 {
321   char *hostname;
322   char *dot;
323 #if HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME
324   struct hostent *h;
325   size_t i;
326 #endif
327 
328   hostname = xgethostname ();
329 
330   switch (format)
331     {
332     case default_format:
333       /* Print the hostname, as returned by the system call.  */
334       printf ("%s\n", hostname);
335       break;
336 
337     case short_format:
338       /* Print only the part before the first dot.  */
339       dot = strchr (hostname, '.');
340       if (dot != NULL)
341         *dot = '\0';
342       printf ("%s\n", hostname);
343       break;
344 
345     case long_format:
346       /* Look for netwide usable hostname and aliases using gethostbyname().  */
347 #if HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME
348       h = gethostbyname (hostname);
349       if (h != NULL)
350         {
351           printf ("%s\n", h->h_name);
352           if (h->h_aliases != NULL)
353             for (i = 0; h->h_aliases[i] != NULL; i++)
354               printf ("%s\n", h->h_aliases[i]);
355         }
356       else
357 #endif
358         printf ("%s\n", hostname);
359       break;
360 
361     case ip_format:
362       /* Look for netwide usable IP addresses using gethostbyname().  */
363 #if HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME
364       h = gethostbyname (hostname);
365       if (h != NULL && h->h_addr_list != NULL)
366         for (i = 0; h->h_addr_list[i] != NULL; i++)
367           {
368 #if HAVE_IPV6
369             if (h->h_addrtype == AF_INET6)
370               {
371                 char buffer[45+1];
372                 ipv6_ntop (buffer, *(const struct in6_addr*) h->h_addr_list[i]);
373                 printf("[%s]\n", buffer);
374               }
375             else
376 #endif
377             if (h->h_addrtype == AF_INET)
378               {
379                 char buffer[15+1];
380                 ipv4_ntop (buffer, *(const struct in_addr*) h->h_addr_list[i]);
381                 printf("[%s]\n", buffer);
382               }
383           }
384 #endif
385       break;
386 
387     default:
388       abort ();
389     }
390 }
391