1 //===- InputChunks.cpp ----------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "InputChunks.h"
10 #include "Config.h"
11 #include "OutputSegment.h"
12 #include "WriterUtils.h"
13 #include "lld/Common/ErrorHandler.h"
14 #include "lld/Common/LLVM.h"
15 #include "llvm/Support/LEB128.h"
16 
17 #define DEBUG_TYPE "lld"
18 
19 using namespace llvm;
20 using namespace llvm::wasm;
21 using namespace llvm::support::endian;
22 
23 namespace lld {
relocTypeToString(uint8_t relocType)24 StringRef relocTypeToString(uint8_t relocType) {
25   switch (relocType) {
26 #define WASM_RELOC(NAME, REL)                                                  \
27   case REL:                                                                    \
28     return #NAME;
29 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/WasmRelocs.def"
30 #undef WASM_RELOC
31   }
32   llvm_unreachable("unknown reloc type");
33 }
34 
relocIs64(uint8_t relocType)35 bool relocIs64(uint8_t relocType) {
36   switch (relocType) {
37   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB64:
38   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB64:
39   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_REL_SLEB64:
40   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_I64:
41     return true;
42   default:
43     return false;
44   }
45 }
46 
toString(const wasm::InputChunk * c)47 std::string toString(const wasm::InputChunk *c) {
48   return (toString(c->file) + ":(" + c->getName() + ")").str();
49 }
50 
51 namespace wasm {
getComdatName() const52 StringRef InputChunk::getComdatName() const {
53   uint32_t index = getComdat();
54   if (index == UINT32_MAX)
55     return StringRef();
56   return file->getWasmObj()->linkingData().Comdats[index];
57 }
58 
verifyRelocTargets() const59 void InputChunk::verifyRelocTargets() const {
60   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
61     uint64_t existingValue;
62     unsigned bytesRead = 0;
63     auto offset = rel.Offset - getInputSectionOffset();
64     const uint8_t *loc = data().data() + offset;
65     switch (rel.Type) {
66     case R_WASM_TYPE_INDEX_LEB:
67     case R_WASM_FUNCTION_INDEX_LEB:
68     case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_LEB:
69     case R_WASM_EVENT_INDEX_LEB:
70     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB:
71     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB64:
72       existingValue = decodeULEB128(loc, &bytesRead);
73       break;
74     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_SLEB:
75     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_REL_SLEB:
76     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB:
77     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB64:
78     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_REL_SLEB:
79     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_REL_SLEB64:
80       existingValue = static_cast<uint64_t>(decodeSLEB128(loc, &bytesRead));
81       break;
82     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_I32:
83     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_I32:
84     case R_WASM_FUNCTION_OFFSET_I32:
85     case R_WASM_SECTION_OFFSET_I32:
86     case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_I32:
87       existingValue = read32le(loc);
88       break;
89     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_I64:
90       existingValue = read64le(loc);
91       break;
92     default:
93       llvm_unreachable("unknown relocation type");
94     }
95 
96     if (bytesRead && bytesRead != 5)
97       warn("expected LEB at relocation site be 5-byte padded");
98 
99     if (rel.Type != R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_LEB &&
100         rel.Type != R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_I32) {
101       auto expectedValue = file->calcExpectedValue(rel);
102       if (expectedValue != existingValue)
103         warn("unexpected existing value for " + relocTypeToString(rel.Type) +
104              ": existing=" + Twine(existingValue) +
105              " expected=" + Twine(expectedValue));
106     }
107   }
108 }
109 
110 // Copy this input chunk to an mmap'ed output file and apply relocations.
writeTo(uint8_t * buf) const111 void InputChunk::writeTo(uint8_t *buf) const {
112   // Copy contents
113   memcpy(buf + outputOffset, data().data(), data().size());
114 
115   // Apply relocations
116   if (relocations.empty())
117     return;
118 
119 #ifndef NDEBUG
120   verifyRelocTargets();
121 #endif
122 
123   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "applying relocations: " << toString(this)
124                     << " count=" << relocations.size() << "\n");
125   int32_t off = outputOffset - getInputSectionOffset();
126 
127   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
128     uint8_t *loc = buf + rel.Offset + off;
129     auto value = file->calcNewValue(rel);
130     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "apply reloc: type=" << relocTypeToString(rel.Type));
131     if (rel.Type != R_WASM_TYPE_INDEX_LEB)
132       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " sym=" << file->getSymbols()[rel.Index]->getName());
133     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << " addend=" << rel.Addend << " index=" << rel.Index
134                       << " value=" << value << " offset=" << rel.Offset
135                       << "\n");
136 
137     switch (rel.Type) {
138     case R_WASM_TYPE_INDEX_LEB:
139     case R_WASM_FUNCTION_INDEX_LEB:
140     case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_LEB:
141     case R_WASM_EVENT_INDEX_LEB:
142     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB:
143       encodeULEB128(value, loc, 5);
144       break;
145     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB64:
146       encodeULEB128(value, loc, 10);
147       break;
148     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_SLEB:
149     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_REL_SLEB:
150     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB:
151     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_REL_SLEB:
152       encodeSLEB128(static_cast<int32_t>(value), loc, 5);
153       break;
154     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB64:
155     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_REL_SLEB64:
156       encodeSLEB128(static_cast<int64_t>(value), loc, 10);
157       break;
158     case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_I32:
159     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_I32:
160     case R_WASM_FUNCTION_OFFSET_I32:
161     case R_WASM_SECTION_OFFSET_I32:
162     case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_I32:
163       write32le(loc, value);
164       break;
165     case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_I64:
166       write64le(loc, value);
167       break;
168     default:
169       llvm_unreachable("unknown relocation type");
170     }
171   }
172 }
173 
174 // Copy relocation entries to a given output stream.
175 // This function is used only when a user passes "-r". For a regular link,
176 // we consume relocations instead of copying them to an output file.
writeRelocations(raw_ostream & os) const177 void InputChunk::writeRelocations(raw_ostream &os) const {
178   if (relocations.empty())
179     return;
180 
181   int32_t off = outputOffset - getInputSectionOffset();
182   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "writeRelocations: " << file->getName()
183                     << " offset=" << Twine(off) << "\n");
184 
185   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
186     writeUleb128(os, rel.Type, "reloc type");
187     writeUleb128(os, rel.Offset + off, "reloc offset");
188     writeUleb128(os, file->calcNewIndex(rel), "reloc index");
189 
190     if (relocTypeHasAddend(rel.Type))
191       writeSleb128(os, file->calcNewAddend(rel), "reloc addend");
192   }
193 }
194 
setFunctionIndex(uint32_t index)195 void InputFunction::setFunctionIndex(uint32_t index) {
196   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "InputFunction::setFunctionIndex: " << getName()
197                     << " -> " << index << "\n");
198   assert(!hasFunctionIndex());
199   functionIndex = index;
200 }
201 
setTableIndex(uint32_t index)202 void InputFunction::setTableIndex(uint32_t index) {
203   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "InputFunction::setTableIndex: " << getName() << " -> "
204                     << index << "\n");
205   assert(!hasTableIndex());
206   tableIndex = index;
207 }
208 
209 // Write a relocation value without padding and return the number of bytes
210 // witten.
writeCompressedReloc(uint8_t * buf,const WasmRelocation & rel,uint64_t value)211 static unsigned writeCompressedReloc(uint8_t *buf, const WasmRelocation &rel,
212                                      uint64_t value) {
213   switch (rel.Type) {
214   case R_WASM_TYPE_INDEX_LEB:
215   case R_WASM_FUNCTION_INDEX_LEB:
216   case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_LEB:
217   case R_WASM_EVENT_INDEX_LEB:
218   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB:
219   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB64:
220     return encodeULEB128(value, buf);
221   case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_SLEB:
222   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB:
223   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB64:
224     return encodeSLEB128(static_cast<int64_t>(value), buf);
225   default:
226     llvm_unreachable("unexpected relocation type");
227   }
228 }
229 
getRelocWidthPadded(const WasmRelocation & rel)230 static unsigned getRelocWidthPadded(const WasmRelocation &rel) {
231   switch (rel.Type) {
232   case R_WASM_TYPE_INDEX_LEB:
233   case R_WASM_FUNCTION_INDEX_LEB:
234   case R_WASM_GLOBAL_INDEX_LEB:
235   case R_WASM_EVENT_INDEX_LEB:
236   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB:
237   case R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_SLEB:
238   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB:
239     return 5;
240   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_LEB64:
241   case R_WASM_MEMORY_ADDR_SLEB64:
242     return 10;
243   default:
244     llvm_unreachable("unexpected relocation type");
245   }
246 }
247 
getRelocWidth(const WasmRelocation & rel,uint64_t value)248 static unsigned getRelocWidth(const WasmRelocation &rel, uint64_t value) {
249   uint8_t buf[10];
250   return writeCompressedReloc(buf, rel, value);
251 }
252 
253 // Relocations of type LEB and SLEB in the code section are padded to 5 bytes
254 // so that a fast linker can blindly overwrite them without needing to worry
255 // about the number of bytes needed to encode the values.
256 // However, for optimal output the code section can be compressed to remove
257 // the padding then outputting non-relocatable files.
258 // In this case we need to perform a size calculation based on the value at each
259 // relocation.  At best we end up saving 4 bytes for each relocation entry.
260 //
261 // This function only computes the final output size.  It must be called
262 // before getSize() is used to calculate of layout of the code section.
calculateSize()263 void InputFunction::calculateSize() {
264   if (!file || !config->compressRelocations)
265     return;
266 
267   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "calculateSize: " << getName() << "\n");
268 
269   const uint8_t *secStart = file->codeSection->Content.data();
270   const uint8_t *funcStart = secStart + getInputSectionOffset();
271   uint32_t functionSizeLength;
272   decodeULEB128(funcStart, &functionSizeLength);
273 
274   uint32_t start = getInputSectionOffset();
275   uint32_t end = start + function->Size;
276 
277   uint32_t lastRelocEnd = start + functionSizeLength;
278   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
279     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  region: " << (rel.Offset - lastRelocEnd) << "\n");
280     compressedFuncSize += rel.Offset - lastRelocEnd;
281     compressedFuncSize += getRelocWidth(rel, file->calcNewValue(rel));
282     lastRelocEnd = rel.Offset + getRelocWidthPadded(rel);
283   }
284   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  final region: " << (end - lastRelocEnd) << "\n");
285   compressedFuncSize += end - lastRelocEnd;
286 
287   // Now we know how long the resulting function is we can add the encoding
288   // of its length
289   uint8_t buf[5];
290   compressedSize = compressedFuncSize + encodeULEB128(compressedFuncSize, buf);
291 
292   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  calculateSize orig: " << function->Size << "\n");
293   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  calculateSize  new: " << compressedSize << "\n");
294 }
295 
296 // Override the default writeTo method so that we can (optionally) write the
297 // compressed version of the function.
writeTo(uint8_t * buf) const298 void InputFunction::writeTo(uint8_t *buf) const {
299   if (!file || !config->compressRelocations)
300     return InputChunk::writeTo(buf);
301 
302   buf += outputOffset;
303   uint8_t *orig = buf;
304   (void)orig;
305 
306   const uint8_t *secStart = file->codeSection->Content.data();
307   const uint8_t *funcStart = secStart + getInputSectionOffset();
308   const uint8_t *end = funcStart + function->Size;
309   uint32_t count;
310   decodeULEB128(funcStart, &count);
311   funcStart += count;
312 
313   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "write func: " << getName() << "\n");
314   buf += encodeULEB128(compressedFuncSize, buf);
315   const uint8_t *lastRelocEnd = funcStart;
316   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
317     unsigned chunkSize = (secStart + rel.Offset) - lastRelocEnd;
318     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  write chunk: " << chunkSize << "\n");
319     memcpy(buf, lastRelocEnd, chunkSize);
320     buf += chunkSize;
321     buf += writeCompressedReloc(buf, rel, file->calcNewValue(rel));
322     lastRelocEnd = secStart + rel.Offset + getRelocWidthPadded(rel);
323   }
324 
325   unsigned chunkSize = end - lastRelocEnd;
326   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  write final chunk: " << chunkSize << "\n");
327   memcpy(buf, lastRelocEnd, chunkSize);
328   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  total: " << (buf + chunkSize - orig) << "\n");
329 }
330 
331 // Generate code to apply relocations to the data section at runtime.
332 // This is only called when generating shared libaries (PIC) where address are
333 // not known at static link time.
generateRelocationCode(raw_ostream & os) const334 void InputSegment::generateRelocationCode(raw_ostream &os) const {
335   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "generating runtime relocations: " << getName()
336                     << " count=" << relocations.size() << "\n");
337 
338   unsigned opcode_ptr_const =
339       config->is64 ? WASM_OPCODE_I64_CONST : WASM_OPCODE_I32_CONST;
340   unsigned opcode_ptr_add =
341       config->is64 ? WASM_OPCODE_I64_ADD : WASM_OPCODE_I32_ADD;
342 
343   // TODO(sbc): Encode the relocations in the data section and write a loop
344   // here to apply them.
345   uint32_t segmentVA = outputSeg->startVA + outputSegmentOffset;
346   for (const WasmRelocation &rel : relocations) {
347     uint64_t offset = rel.Offset - getInputSectionOffset();
348     uint64_t outputOffset = segmentVA + offset;
349 
350     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "gen reloc: type=" << relocTypeToString(rel.Type)
351                       << " addend=" << rel.Addend << " index=" << rel.Index
352                       << " output offset=" << outputOffset << "\n");
353 
354     // Get __memory_base
355     writeU8(os, WASM_OPCODE_GLOBAL_GET, "GLOBAL_GET");
356     writeUleb128(os, WasmSym::memoryBase->getGlobalIndex(), "memory_base");
357 
358     // Add the offset of the relocation
359     writeU8(os, opcode_ptr_const, "CONST");
360     writeSleb128(os, outputOffset, "offset");
361     writeU8(os, opcode_ptr_add, "ADD");
362 
363     bool is64 = relocIs64(rel.Type);
364     unsigned opcode_reloc_const =
365         is64 ? WASM_OPCODE_I64_CONST : WASM_OPCODE_I32_CONST;
366     unsigned opcode_reloc_add =
367         is64 ? WASM_OPCODE_I64_ADD : WASM_OPCODE_I32_ADD;
368     unsigned opcode_reloc_store =
369         is64 ? WASM_OPCODE_I64_STORE : WASM_OPCODE_I32_STORE;
370 
371     Symbol *sym = file->getSymbol(rel);
372     // Now figure out what we want to store
373     if (sym->hasGOTIndex()) {
374       writeU8(os, WASM_OPCODE_GLOBAL_GET, "GLOBAL_GET");
375       writeUleb128(os, sym->getGOTIndex(), "global index");
376       if (rel.Addend) {
377         writeU8(os, opcode_reloc_const, "CONST");
378         writeSleb128(os, rel.Addend, "addend");
379         writeU8(os, opcode_reloc_add, "ADD");
380       }
381     } else {
382       const GlobalSymbol* baseSymbol = WasmSym::memoryBase;
383       if (rel.Type == R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX_I32)
384         baseSymbol = WasmSym::tableBase;
385       writeU8(os, WASM_OPCODE_GLOBAL_GET, "GLOBAL_GET");
386       writeUleb128(os, baseSymbol->getGlobalIndex(), "base");
387       writeU8(os, opcode_reloc_const, "CONST");
388       writeSleb128(os, file->calcNewValue(rel), "offset");
389       writeU8(os, opcode_reloc_add, "ADD");
390     }
391 
392     // Store that value at the virtual address
393     writeU8(os, opcode_reloc_store, "I32_STORE");
394     writeUleb128(os, 2, "align");
395     writeUleb128(os, 0, "offset");
396   }
397 }
398 
399 } // namespace wasm
400 } // namespace lld
401