1// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
2// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
3// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
4
5// Windows system calls.
6
7package windows
8
9import (
10	errorspkg "errors"
11	"fmt"
12	"runtime"
13	"sync"
14	"syscall"
15	"time"
16	"unicode/utf16"
17	"unsafe"
18
19	"golang.org/x/sys/internal/unsafeheader"
20)
21
22type Handle uintptr
23type HWND uintptr
24
25const (
26	InvalidHandle = ^Handle(0)
27	InvalidHWND   = ^HWND(0)
28
29	// Flags for DefineDosDevice.
30	DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE = 0x00000004
31	DDD_NO_BROADCAST_SYSTEM   = 0x00000008
32	DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH       = 0x00000001
33	DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION     = 0x00000002
34
35	// Return values for GetDriveType.
36	DRIVE_UNKNOWN     = 0
37	DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR = 1
38	DRIVE_REMOVABLE   = 2
39	DRIVE_FIXED       = 3
40	DRIVE_REMOTE      = 4
41	DRIVE_CDROM       = 5
42	DRIVE_RAMDISK     = 6
43
44	// File system flags from GetVolumeInformation and GetVolumeInformationByHandle.
45	FILE_CASE_SENSITIVE_SEARCH        = 0x00000001
46	FILE_CASE_PRESERVED_NAMES         = 0x00000002
47	FILE_FILE_COMPRESSION             = 0x00000010
48	FILE_DAX_VOLUME                   = 0x20000000
49	FILE_NAMED_STREAMS                = 0x00040000
50	FILE_PERSISTENT_ACLS              = 0x00000008
51	FILE_READ_ONLY_VOLUME             = 0x00080000
52	FILE_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_ONCE        = 0x00100000
53	FILE_SUPPORTS_ENCRYPTION          = 0x00020000
54	FILE_SUPPORTS_EXTENDED_ATTRIBUTES = 0x00800000
55	FILE_SUPPORTS_HARD_LINKS          = 0x00400000
56	FILE_SUPPORTS_OBJECT_IDS          = 0x00010000
57	FILE_SUPPORTS_OPEN_BY_FILE_ID     = 0x01000000
58	FILE_SUPPORTS_REPARSE_POINTS      = 0x00000080
59	FILE_SUPPORTS_SPARSE_FILES        = 0x00000040
60	FILE_SUPPORTS_TRANSACTIONS        = 0x00200000
61	FILE_SUPPORTS_USN_JOURNAL         = 0x02000000
62	FILE_UNICODE_ON_DISK              = 0x00000004
63	FILE_VOLUME_IS_COMPRESSED         = 0x00008000
64	FILE_VOLUME_QUOTAS                = 0x00000020
65
66	// Flags for LockFileEx.
67	LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY = 0x00000001
68	LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   = 0x00000002
69
70	// Return value of SleepEx and other APC functions
71	WAIT_IO_COMPLETION = 0x000000C0
72)
73
74// StringToUTF16 is deprecated. Use UTF16FromString instead.
75// If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
76// returning an error.
77func StringToUTF16(s string) []uint16 {
78	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
79	if err != nil {
80		panic("windows: string with NUL passed to StringToUTF16")
81	}
82	return a
83}
84
85// UTF16FromString returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string
86// s, with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte at any
87// location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
88func UTF16FromString(s string) ([]uint16, error) {
89	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
90		if s[i] == 0 {
91			return nil, syscall.EINVAL
92		}
93	}
94	return utf16.Encode([]rune(s + "\x00")), nil
95}
96
97// UTF16ToString returns the UTF-8 encoding of the UTF-16 sequence s,
98// with a terminating NUL and any bytes after the NUL removed.
99func UTF16ToString(s []uint16) string {
100	for i, v := range s {
101		if v == 0 {
102			s = s[:i]
103			break
104		}
105	}
106	return string(utf16.Decode(s))
107}
108
109// StringToUTF16Ptr is deprecated. Use UTF16PtrFromString instead.
110// If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
111// returning an error.
112func StringToUTF16Ptr(s string) *uint16 { return &StringToUTF16(s)[0] }
113
114// UTF16PtrFromString returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
115// the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
116// contains a NUL byte at any location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
117func UTF16PtrFromString(s string) (*uint16, error) {
118	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
119	if err != nil {
120		return nil, err
121	}
122	return &a[0], nil
123}
124
125// UTF16PtrToString takes a pointer to a UTF-16 sequence and returns the corresponding UTF-8 encoded string.
126// If the pointer is nil, it returns the empty string. It assumes that the UTF-16 sequence is terminated
127// at a zero word; if the zero word is not present, the program may crash.
128func UTF16PtrToString(p *uint16) string {
129	if p == nil {
130		return ""
131	}
132	if *p == 0 {
133		return ""
134	}
135
136	// Find NUL terminator.
137	n := 0
138	for ptr := unsafe.Pointer(p); *(*uint16)(ptr) != 0; n++ {
139		ptr = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(ptr) + unsafe.Sizeof(*p))
140	}
141
142	var s []uint16
143	h := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
144	h.Data = unsafe.Pointer(p)
145	h.Len = n
146	h.Cap = n
147
148	return string(utf16.Decode(s))
149}
150
151func Getpagesize() int { return 4096 }
152
153// NewCallback converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the stdcall calling convention.
154// This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
155// The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
156func NewCallback(fn interface{}) uintptr {
157	return syscall.NewCallback(fn)
158}
159
160// NewCallbackCDecl converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the cdecl calling convention.
161// This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
162// The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
163func NewCallbackCDecl(fn interface{}) uintptr {
164	return syscall.NewCallbackCDecl(fn)
165}
166
167// windows api calls
168
169//sys	GetLastError() (lasterr error)
170//sys	LoadLibrary(libname string) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryW
171//sys	LoadLibraryEx(libname string, zero Handle, flags uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryExW
172//sys	FreeLibrary(handle Handle) (err error)
173//sys	GetProcAddress(module Handle, procname string) (proc uintptr, err error)
174//sys	GetModuleFileName(module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW
175//sys	GetModuleHandleEx(flags uint32, moduleName *uint16, module *Handle) (err error) = kernel32.GetModuleHandleExW
176//sys	SetDefaultDllDirectories(directoryFlags uint32) (err error)
177//sys	SetDllDirectory(path string) (err error) = kernel32.SetDllDirectoryW
178//sys	GetVersion() (ver uint32, err error)
179//sys	FormatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uintptr, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) = FormatMessageW
180//sys	ExitProcess(exitcode uint32)
181//sys	IsWow64Process(handle Handle, isWow64 *bool) (err error) = IsWow64Process
182//sys	IsWow64Process2(handle Handle, processMachine *uint16, nativeMachine *uint16) (err error) = IsWow64Process2?
183//sys	CreateFile(name *uint16, access uint32, mode uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes, createmode uint32, attrs uint32, templatefile Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateFileW
184//sys	CreateNamedPipe(name *uint16, flags uint32, pipeMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, outSize uint32, inSize uint32, defaultTimeout uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes) (handle Handle, err error)  [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateNamedPipeW
185//sys	ConnectNamedPipe(pipe Handle, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
186//sys	GetNamedPipeInfo(pipe Handle, flags *uint32, outSize *uint32, inSize *uint32, maxInstances *uint32) (err error)
187//sys	GetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, curInstances *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32, userName *uint16, maxUserNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetNamedPipeHandleStateW
188//sys	SetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32) (err error) = SetNamedPipeHandleState
189//sys	ReadFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
190//sys	WriteFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
191//sys	GetOverlappedResult(handle Handle, overlapped *Overlapped, done *uint32, wait bool) (err error)
192//sys	SetFilePointer(handle Handle, lowoffset int32, highoffsetptr *int32, whence uint32) (newlowoffset uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
193//sys	CloseHandle(handle Handle) (err error)
194//sys	GetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle]
195//sys	SetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32, handle Handle) (err error)
196//sys	findFirstFile1(name *uint16, data *win32finddata1) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstFileW
197//sys	findNextFile1(handle Handle, data *win32finddata1) (err error) = FindNextFileW
198//sys	FindClose(handle Handle) (err error)
199//sys	GetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, data *ByHandleFileInformation) (err error)
200//sys	GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle Handle, class uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferLen uint32) (err error)
201//sys	SetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, class uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32) (err error)
202//sys	GetCurrentDirectory(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetCurrentDirectoryW
203//sys	SetCurrentDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = SetCurrentDirectoryW
204//sys	CreateDirectory(path *uint16, sa *SecurityAttributes) (err error) = CreateDirectoryW
205//sys	RemoveDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = RemoveDirectoryW
206//sys	DeleteFile(path *uint16) (err error) = DeleteFileW
207//sys	MoveFile(from *uint16, to *uint16) (err error) = MoveFileW
208//sys	MoveFileEx(from *uint16, to *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) = MoveFileExW
209//sys	LockFileEx(file Handle, flags uint32, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
210//sys	UnlockFileEx(file Handle, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
211//sys	GetComputerName(buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameW
212//sys	GetComputerNameEx(nametype uint32, buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameExW
213//sys	SetEndOfFile(handle Handle) (err error)
214//sys	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
215//sys	GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
216//sys	GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi *Timezoneinformation) (rc uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
217//sys	CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uintptr, threadcnt uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
218//sys	GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
219//sys	PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
220//sys	CancelIo(s Handle) (err error)
221//sys	CancelIoEx(s Handle, o *Overlapped) (err error)
222//sys	CreateProcess(appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = CreateProcessW
223//sys	CreateProcessAsUser(token Token, appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = advapi32.CreateProcessAsUserW
224//sys   initializeProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, attrcount uint32, flags uint32, size *uintptr) (err error) = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList
225//sys   deleteProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList) = DeleteProcThreadAttributeList
226//sys   updateProcThreadAttribute(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, flags uint32, attr uintptr, value unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr, prevvalue unsafe.Pointer, returnedsize *uintptr) (err error) = UpdateProcThreadAttribute
227//sys	OpenProcess(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
228//sys	ShellExecute(hwnd Handle, verb *uint16, file *uint16, args *uint16, cwd *uint16, showCmd int32) (err error) [failretval<=32] = shell32.ShellExecuteW
229//sys	GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd HWND, pid *uint32) (tid uint32, err error) = user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId
230//sys	GetShellWindow() (shellWindow HWND) = user32.GetShellWindow
231//sys	MessageBox(hwnd HWND, text *uint16, caption *uint16, boxtype uint32) (ret int32, err error) [failretval==0] = user32.MessageBoxW
232//sys	ExitWindowsEx(flags uint32, reason uint32) (err error) = user32.ExitWindowsEx
233//sys	shGetKnownFolderPath(id *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32, token Token, path **uint16) (ret error) = shell32.SHGetKnownFolderPath
234//sys	TerminateProcess(handle Handle, exitcode uint32) (err error)
235//sys	GetExitCodeProcess(handle Handle, exitcode *uint32) (err error)
236//sys	GetStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) (err error) = GetStartupInfoW
237//sys	GetProcessTimes(handle Handle, creationTime *Filetime, exitTime *Filetime, kernelTime *Filetime, userTime *Filetime) (err error)
238//sys	DuplicateHandle(hSourceProcessHandle Handle, hSourceHandle Handle, hTargetProcessHandle Handle, lpTargetHandle *Handle, dwDesiredAccess uint32, bInheritHandle bool, dwOptions uint32) (err error)
239//sys	WaitForSingleObject(handle Handle, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
240//sys	waitForMultipleObjects(count uint32, handles uintptr, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = WaitForMultipleObjects
241//sys	GetTempPath(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetTempPathW
242//sys	CreatePipe(readhandle *Handle, writehandle *Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, size uint32) (err error)
243//sys	GetFileType(filehandle Handle) (n uint32, err error)
244//sys	CryptAcquireContext(provhandle *Handle, container *uint16, provider *uint16, provtype uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptAcquireContextW
245//sys	CryptReleaseContext(provhandle Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptReleaseContext
246//sys	CryptGenRandom(provhandle Handle, buflen uint32, buf *byte) (err error) = advapi32.CryptGenRandom
247//sys	GetEnvironmentStrings() (envs *uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = kernel32.GetEnvironmentStringsW
248//sys	FreeEnvironmentStrings(envs *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.FreeEnvironmentStringsW
249//sys	GetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, buffer *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW
250//sys	SetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, value *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.SetEnvironmentVariableW
251//sys	CreateEnvironmentBlock(block **uint16, token Token, inheritExisting bool) (err error) = userenv.CreateEnvironmentBlock
252//sys	DestroyEnvironmentBlock(block *uint16) (err error) = userenv.DestroyEnvironmentBlock
253//sys	getTickCount64() (ms uint64) = kernel32.GetTickCount64
254//sys	SetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
255//sys	GetFileAttributes(name *uint16) (attrs uint32, err error) [failretval==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES] = kernel32.GetFileAttributesW
256//sys	SetFileAttributes(name *uint16, attrs uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
257//sys	GetFileAttributesEx(name *uint16, level uint32, info *byte) (err error) = kernel32.GetFileAttributesExW
258//sys	GetCommandLine() (cmd *uint16) = kernel32.GetCommandLineW
259//sys	CommandLineToArgv(cmd *uint16, argc *int32) (argv *[8192]*[8192]uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
260//sys	LocalFree(hmem Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval!=0]
261//sys	LocalAlloc(flags uint32, length uint32) (ptr uintptr, err error)
262//sys	SetHandleInformation(handle Handle, mask uint32, flags uint32) (err error)
263//sys	FlushFileBuffers(handle Handle) (err error)
264//sys	GetFullPathName(path *uint16, buflen uint32, buf *uint16, fname **uint16) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFullPathNameW
265//sys	GetLongPathName(path *uint16, buf *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetLongPathNameW
266//sys	GetShortPathName(longpath *uint16, shortpath *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
267//sys	GetFinalPathNameByHandle(file Handle, filePath *uint16, filePathSize uint32, flags uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFinalPathNameByHandleW
268//sys	CreateFileMapping(fhandle Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, prot uint32, maxSizeHigh uint32, maxSizeLow uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
269//sys	MapViewOfFile(handle Handle, access uint32, offsetHigh uint32, offsetLow uint32, length uintptr) (addr uintptr, err error)
270//sys	UnmapViewOfFile(addr uintptr) (err error)
271//sys	FlushViewOfFile(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
272//sys	VirtualLock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
273//sys	VirtualUnlock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
274//sys	VirtualAlloc(address uintptr, size uintptr, alloctype uint32, protect uint32) (value uintptr, err error) = kernel32.VirtualAlloc
275//sys	VirtualFree(address uintptr, size uintptr, freetype uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualFree
276//sys	VirtualProtect(address uintptr, size uintptr, newprotect uint32, oldprotect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtect
277//sys	TransmitFile(s Handle, handle Handle, bytesToWrite uint32, bytsPerSend uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, transmitFileBuf *TransmitFileBuffers, flags uint32) (err error) = mswsock.TransmitFile
278//sys	ReadDirectoryChanges(handle Handle, buf *byte, buflen uint32, watchSubTree bool, mask uint32, retlen *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadDirectoryChangesW
279//sys	FindFirstChangeNotification(path string, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.FindFirstChangeNotificationW
280//sys	FindNextChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
281//sys	FindCloseChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
282//sys	CertOpenSystemStore(hprov Handle, name *uint16) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenSystemStoreW
283//sys	CertOpenStore(storeProvider uintptr, msgAndCertEncodingType uint32, cryptProv uintptr, flags uint32, para uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenStore
284//sys	CertEnumCertificatesInStore(store Handle, prevContext *CertContext) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore
285//sys	CertAddCertificateContextToStore(store Handle, certContext *CertContext, addDisposition uint32, storeContext **CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertAddCertificateContextToStore
286//sys	CertCloseStore(store Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CertCloseStore
287//sys	CertDeleteCertificateFromStore(certContext *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertDeleteCertificateFromStore
288//sys	CertDuplicateCertificateContext(certContext *CertContext) (dupContext *CertContext) = crypt32.CertDuplicateCertificateContext
289//sys	PFXImportCertStore(pfx *CryptDataBlob, password *uint16, flags uint32) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.PFXImportCertStore
290//sys	CertGetCertificateChain(engine Handle, leaf *CertContext, time *Filetime, additionalStore Handle, para *CertChainPara, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, chainCtx **CertChainContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertGetCertificateChain
291//sys	CertFreeCertificateChain(ctx *CertChainContext) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateChain
292//sys	CertCreateCertificateContext(certEncodingType uint32, certEncoded *byte, encodedLen uint32) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertCreateCertificateContext
293//sys	CertFreeCertificateContext(ctx *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateContext
294//sys	CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(policyOID uintptr, chain *CertChainContext, para *CertChainPolicyPara, status *CertChainPolicyStatus) (err error) = crypt32.CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy
295//sys	CertGetNameString(certContext *CertContext, nameType uint32, flags uint32, typePara unsafe.Pointer, name *uint16, size uint32) (chars uint32) = crypt32.CertGetNameStringW
296//sys	CertFindExtension(objId *byte, countExtensions uint32, extensions *CertExtension) (ret *CertExtension) = crypt32.CertFindExtension
297//sys   CertFindCertificateInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevCertContext *CertContext) (cert *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindCertificateInStore
298//sys   CertFindChainInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevChainContext *CertChainContext) (certchain *CertChainContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindChainInStore
299//sys   CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey(cert *CertContext, flags uint32, parameters unsafe.Pointer, cryptProvOrNCryptKey *Handle, keySpec *uint32, callerFreeProvOrNCryptKey *bool) (err error) = crypt32.CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey
300//sys	CryptQueryObject(objectType uint32, object unsafe.Pointer, expectedContentTypeFlags uint32, expectedFormatTypeFlags uint32, flags uint32, msgAndCertEncodingType *uint32, contentType *uint32, formatType *uint32, certStore *Handle, msg *Handle, context *unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = crypt32.CryptQueryObject
301//sys	CryptDecodeObject(encodingType uint32, structType *byte, encodedBytes *byte, lenEncodedBytes uint32, flags uint32, decoded unsafe.Pointer, decodedLen *uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CryptDecodeObject
302//sys	CryptProtectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name *uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptProtectData
303//sys	CryptUnprotectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name **uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptUnprotectData
304//sys	WinVerifyTrustEx(hwnd HWND, actionId *GUID, data *WinTrustData) (ret error) = wintrust.WinVerifyTrustEx
305//sys	RegOpenKeyEx(key Handle, subkey *uint16, options uint32, desiredAccess uint32, result *Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegOpenKeyExW
306//sys	RegCloseKey(key Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegCloseKey
307//sys	RegQueryInfoKey(key Handle, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, subkeysLen *uint32, maxSubkeyLen *uint32, maxClassLen *uint32, valuesLen *uint32, maxValueNameLen *uint32, maxValueLen *uint32, saLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryInfoKeyW
308//sys	RegEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegEnumKeyExW
309//sys	RegQueryValueEx(key Handle, name *uint16, reserved *uint32, valtype *uint32, buf *byte, buflen *uint32) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
310//sys	RegNotifyChangeKeyValue(key Handle, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32, event Handle, asynchronous bool) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegNotifyChangeKeyValue
311//sys	GetCurrentProcessId() (pid uint32) = kernel32.GetCurrentProcessId
312//sys	ProcessIdToSessionId(pid uint32, sessionid *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.ProcessIdToSessionId
313//sys	GetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
314//sys	SetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleMode
315//sys	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console Handle, info *ConsoleScreenBufferInfo) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
316//sys	setConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
317//sys	WriteConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, towrite uint32, written *uint32, reserved *byte) (err error) = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
318//sys	ReadConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, toread uint32, read *uint32, inputControl *byte) (err error) = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
319//sys	CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(flags uint32, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
320//sys	Process32First(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32FirstW
321//sys	Process32Next(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32NextW
322//sys	Thread32First(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
323//sys	Thread32Next(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
324//sys	DeviceIoControl(handle Handle, ioControlCode uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferSize uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
325// This function returns 1 byte BOOLEAN rather than the 4 byte BOOL.
326//sys	CreateSymbolicLink(symlinkfilename *uint16, targetfilename *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateSymbolicLinkW
327//sys	CreateHardLink(filename *uint16, existingfilename *uint16, reserved uintptr) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateHardLinkW
328//sys	GetCurrentThreadId() (id uint32)
329//sys	CreateEvent(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, manualReset uint32, initialState uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventW
330//sys	CreateEventEx(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventExW
331//sys	OpenEvent(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenEventW
332//sys	SetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.SetEvent
333//sys	ResetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ResetEvent
334//sys	PulseEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.PulseEvent
335//sys	CreateMutex(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, initialOwner bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexW
336//sys	CreateMutexEx(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexExW
337//sys	OpenMutex(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenMutexW
338//sys	ReleaseMutex(mutex Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ReleaseMutex
339//sys	SleepEx(milliseconds uint32, alertable bool) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SleepEx
340//sys	CreateJobObject(jobAttr *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.CreateJobObjectW
341//sys	AssignProcessToJobObject(job Handle, process Handle) (err error) = kernel32.AssignProcessToJobObject
342//sys	TerminateJobObject(job Handle, exitCode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.TerminateJobObject
343//sys	SetErrorMode(mode uint32) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SetErrorMode
344//sys	ResumeThread(thread Handle) (ret uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = kernel32.ResumeThread
345//sys	SetPriorityClass(process Handle, priorityClass uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetPriorityClass
346//sys	GetPriorityClass(process Handle) (ret uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetPriorityClass
347//sys	QueryInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass int32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32, retlen *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryInformationJobObject
348//sys	SetInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass uint32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32) (ret int, err error)
349//sys	GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(ctrlEvent uint32, processGroupID uint32) (err error)
350//sys	GetProcessId(process Handle) (id uint32, err error)
351//sys	QueryFullProcessImageName(proc Handle, flags uint32, exeName *uint16, size *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryFullProcessImageNameW
352//sys	OpenThread(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, threadId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
353//sys	SetProcessPriorityBoost(process Handle, disable bool) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessPriorityBoost
354//sys	GetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, lpMinimumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, lpMaximumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, flags *uint32)
355//sys	SetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, dwMinimumWorkingSetSize uintptr, dwMaximumWorkingSetSize uintptr, flags uint32) (err error)
356//sys	GetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
357//sys	SetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
358
359// Volume Management Functions
360//sys	DefineDosDevice(flags uint32, deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16) (err error) = DefineDosDeviceW
361//sys	DeleteVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16) (err error) = DeleteVolumeMountPointW
362//sys	FindFirstVolume(volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeW
363//sys	FindFirstVolumeMountPoint(rootPathName *uint16, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeMountPointW
364//sys	FindNextVolume(findVolume Handle, volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeW
365//sys	FindNextVolumeMountPoint(findVolumeMountPoint Handle, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeMountPointW
366//sys	FindVolumeClose(findVolume Handle) (err error)
367//sys	FindVolumeMountPointClose(findVolumeMountPoint Handle) (err error)
368//sys	GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(directoryName *uint16, freeBytesAvailableToCaller *uint64, totalNumberOfBytes *uint64, totalNumberOfFreeBytes *uint64) (err error) = GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
369//sys	GetDriveType(rootPathName *uint16) (driveType uint32) = GetDriveTypeW
370//sys	GetLogicalDrives() (drivesBitMask uint32, err error) [failretval==0]
371//sys	GetLogicalDriveStrings(bufferLength uint32, buffer *uint16) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = GetLogicalDriveStringsW
372//sys	GetVolumeInformation(rootPathName *uint16, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationW
373//sys	GetVolumeInformationByHandle(file Handle, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationByHandleW
374//sys	GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16, bufferlength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPointW
375//sys	GetVolumePathName(fileName *uint16, volumePathName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNameW
376//sys	GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(volumeName *uint16, volumePathNames *uint16, bufferLength uint32, returnLength *uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW
377//sys	QueryDosDevice(deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16, max uint32) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = QueryDosDeviceW
378//sys	SetVolumeLabel(rootPathName *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeLabelW
379//sys	SetVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeMountPointW
380//sys	InitiateSystemShutdownEx(machineName *uint16, message *uint16, timeout uint32, forceAppsClosed bool, rebootAfterShutdown bool, reason uint32) (err error) = advapi32.InitiateSystemShutdownExW
381//sys	SetProcessShutdownParameters(level uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessShutdownParameters
382//sys	GetProcessShutdownParameters(level *uint32, flags *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessShutdownParameters
383//sys	clsidFromString(lpsz *uint16, pclsid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CLSIDFromString
384//sys	stringFromGUID2(rguid *GUID, lpsz *uint16, cchMax int32) (chars int32) = ole32.StringFromGUID2
385//sys	coCreateGuid(pguid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CoCreateGuid
386//sys	CoTaskMemFree(address unsafe.Pointer) = ole32.CoTaskMemFree
387//sys	CoInitializeEx(reserved uintptr, coInit uint32) (ret error) = ole32.CoInitializeEx
388//sys	CoUninitialize() = ole32.CoUninitialize
389//sys	CoGetObject(name *uint16, bindOpts *BIND_OPTS3, guid *GUID, functionTable **uintptr) (ret error) = ole32.CoGetObject
390//sys	getProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessPreferredUILanguages
391//sys	getThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetThreadPreferredUILanguages
392//sys	getUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetUserPreferredUILanguages
393//sys	getSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetSystemPreferredUILanguages
394//sys	findResource(module Handle, name uintptr, resType uintptr) (resInfo Handle, err error) = kernel32.FindResourceW
395//sys	SizeofResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (size uint32, err error) = kernel32.SizeofResource
396//sys	LoadResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (resData Handle, err error) = kernel32.LoadResource
397//sys	LockResource(resData Handle) (addr uintptr, err error) = kernel32.LockResource
398
399// Process Status API (PSAPI)
400//sys	EnumProcesses(processIds []uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcesses
401//sys	EnumProcessModules(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModules
402//sys	EnumProcessModulesEx(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32, filterFlag uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModulesEx
403//sys	GetModuleInformation(process Handle, module Handle, modinfo *ModuleInfo, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleInformation
404//sys	GetModuleFileNameEx(process Handle, module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleFileNameExW
405//sys	GetModuleBaseName(process Handle, module Handle, baseName *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleBaseNameW
406
407// NT Native APIs
408//sys	rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(ntstatus NTStatus) (ret syscall.Errno) = ntdll.RtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb
409//sys	rtlGetVersion(info *OsVersionInfoEx) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlGetVersion
410//sys	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(majorVersion *uint32, minorVersion *uint32, buildNumber *uint32) = ntdll.RtlGetNtVersionNumbers
411//sys	RtlGetCurrentPeb() (peb *PEB) = ntdll.RtlGetCurrentPeb
412//sys	RtlInitUnicodeString(destinationString *NTUnicodeString, sourceString *uint16) = ntdll.RtlInitUnicodeString
413//sys	RtlInitString(destinationString *NTString, sourceString *byte) = ntdll.RtlInitString
414//sys	NtCreateFile(handle *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, allocationSize *int64, attributes uint32, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, eabuffer uintptr, ealength uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateFile
415//sys	NtCreateNamedPipeFile(pipe *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, typ uint32, readMode uint32, completionMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, inboundQuota uint32, outputQuota uint32, timeout *int64) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateNamedPipeFile
416//sys	RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName_U_WithStatus
417//sys	RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName_U_WithStatus
418//sys	RtlDefaultNpAcl(acl **ACL) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDefaultNpAcl
419//sys	NtQueryInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQueryInformationProcess
420//sys	NtSetInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationProcess
421
422// syscall interface implementation for other packages
423
424// GetCurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
425// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
426// The returned error is always nil.
427//
428// Deprecated: use CurrentProcess for the same Handle without the nil
429// error.
430func GetCurrentProcess() (Handle, error) {
431	return CurrentProcess(), nil
432}
433
434// CurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
435// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
436func CurrentProcess() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(1 - 1)) }
437
438// GetCurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
439// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
440// The returned error is always nil.
441//
442// Deprecated: use CurrentThread for the same Handle without the nil
443// error.
444func GetCurrentThread() (Handle, error) {
445	return CurrentThread(), nil
446}
447
448// CurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
449// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
450func CurrentThread() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(2 - 1)) }
451
452// GetProcAddressByOrdinal retrieves the address of the exported
453// function from module by ordinal.
454func GetProcAddressByOrdinal(module Handle, ordinal uintptr) (proc uintptr, err error) {
455	r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(procGetProcAddress.Addr(), 2, uintptr(module), ordinal, 0)
456	proc = uintptr(r0)
457	if proc == 0 {
458		err = errnoErr(e1)
459	}
460	return
461}
462
463func Exit(code int) { ExitProcess(uint32(code)) }
464
465func makeInheritSa() *SecurityAttributes {
466	var sa SecurityAttributes
467	sa.Length = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa))
468	sa.InheritHandle = 1
469	return &sa
470}
471
472func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd Handle, err error) {
473	if len(path) == 0 {
474		return InvalidHandle, ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
475	}
476	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
477	if err != nil {
478		return InvalidHandle, err
479	}
480	var access uint32
481	switch mode & (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR) {
482	case O_RDONLY:
483		access = GENERIC_READ
484	case O_WRONLY:
485		access = GENERIC_WRITE
486	case O_RDWR:
487		access = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
488	}
489	if mode&O_CREAT != 0 {
490		access |= GENERIC_WRITE
491	}
492	if mode&O_APPEND != 0 {
493		access &^= GENERIC_WRITE
494		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
495	}
496	sharemode := uint32(FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE)
497	var sa *SecurityAttributes
498	if mode&O_CLOEXEC == 0 {
499		sa = makeInheritSa()
500	}
501	var createmode uint32
502	switch {
503	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_EXCL) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL):
504		createmode = CREATE_NEW
505	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_TRUNC) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
506		createmode = CREATE_ALWAYS
507	case mode&O_CREAT == O_CREAT:
508		createmode = OPEN_ALWAYS
509	case mode&O_TRUNC == O_TRUNC:
510		createmode = TRUNCATE_EXISTING
511	default:
512		createmode = OPEN_EXISTING
513	}
514	var attrs uint32 = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
515	if perm&S_IWRITE == 0 {
516		attrs = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
517	}
518	h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, createmode, attrs, 0)
519	return h, e
520}
521
522func Read(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
523	var done uint32
524	e := ReadFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
525	if e != nil {
526		if e == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE {
527			// NOTE(brainman): work around ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE is returned on reading EOF from stdin
528			return 0, nil
529		}
530		return 0, e
531	}
532	if raceenabled {
533		if done > 0 {
534			raceWriteRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(done))
535		}
536		raceAcquire(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
537	}
538	return int(done), nil
539}
540
541func Write(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
542	if raceenabled {
543		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
544	}
545	var done uint32
546	e := WriteFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
547	if e != nil {
548		return 0, e
549	}
550	if raceenabled && done > 0 {
551		raceReadRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(done))
552	}
553	return int(done), nil
554}
555
556var ioSync int64
557
558func Seek(fd Handle, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
559	var w uint32
560	switch whence {
561	case 0:
562		w = FILE_BEGIN
563	case 1:
564		w = FILE_CURRENT
565	case 2:
566		w = FILE_END
567	}
568	hi := int32(offset >> 32)
569	lo := int32(offset)
570	// use GetFileType to check pipe, pipe can't do seek
571	ft, _ := GetFileType(fd)
572	if ft == FILE_TYPE_PIPE {
573		return 0, syscall.EPIPE
574	}
575	rlo, e := SetFilePointer(fd, lo, &hi, w)
576	if e != nil {
577		return 0, e
578	}
579	return int64(hi)<<32 + int64(rlo), nil
580}
581
582func Close(fd Handle) (err error) {
583	return CloseHandle(fd)
584}
585
586var (
587	Stdin  = getStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
588	Stdout = getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
589	Stderr = getStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
590)
591
592func getStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (fd Handle) {
593	r, _ := GetStdHandle(stdhandle)
594	CloseOnExec(r)
595	return r
596}
597
598const ImplementsGetwd = true
599
600func Getwd() (wd string, err error) {
601	b := make([]uint16, 300)
602	n, e := GetCurrentDirectory(uint32(len(b)), &b[0])
603	if e != nil {
604		return "", e
605	}
606	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
607}
608
609func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
610	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
611	if err != nil {
612		return err
613	}
614	return SetCurrentDirectory(pathp)
615}
616
617func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
618	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
619	if err != nil {
620		return err
621	}
622	return CreateDirectory(pathp, nil)
623}
624
625func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
626	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
627	if err != nil {
628		return err
629	}
630	return RemoveDirectory(pathp)
631}
632
633func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
634	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
635	if err != nil {
636		return err
637	}
638	return DeleteFile(pathp)
639}
640
641func Rename(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) {
642	from, err := UTF16PtrFromString(oldpath)
643	if err != nil {
644		return err
645	}
646	to, err := UTF16PtrFromString(newpath)
647	if err != nil {
648		return err
649	}
650	return MoveFileEx(from, to, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)
651}
652
653func ComputerName() (name string, err error) {
654	var n uint32 = MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1
655	b := make([]uint16, n)
656	e := GetComputerName(&b[0], &n)
657	if e != nil {
658		return "", e
659	}
660	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
661}
662
663func DurationSinceBoot() time.Duration {
664	return time.Duration(getTickCount64()) * time.Millisecond
665}
666
667func Ftruncate(fd Handle, length int64) (err error) {
668	curoffset, e := Seek(fd, 0, 1)
669	if e != nil {
670		return e
671	}
672	defer Seek(fd, curoffset, 0)
673	_, e = Seek(fd, length, 0)
674	if e != nil {
675		return e
676	}
677	e = SetEndOfFile(fd)
678	if e != nil {
679		return e
680	}
681	return nil
682}
683
684func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
685	var ft Filetime
686	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft)
687	*tv = NsecToTimeval(ft.Nanoseconds())
688	return nil
689}
690
691func Pipe(p []Handle) (err error) {
692	if len(p) != 2 {
693		return syscall.EINVAL
694	}
695	var r, w Handle
696	e := CreatePipe(&r, &w, makeInheritSa(), 0)
697	if e != nil {
698		return e
699	}
700	p[0] = r
701	p[1] = w
702	return nil
703}
704
705func Utimes(path string, tv []Timeval) (err error) {
706	if len(tv) != 2 {
707		return syscall.EINVAL
708	}
709	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
710	if e != nil {
711		return e
712	}
713	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
714		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
715		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
716	if e != nil {
717		return e
718	}
719	defer Close(h)
720	a := NsecToFiletime(tv[0].Nanoseconds())
721	w := NsecToFiletime(tv[1].Nanoseconds())
722	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
723}
724
725func UtimesNano(path string, ts []Timespec) (err error) {
726	if len(ts) != 2 {
727		return syscall.EINVAL
728	}
729	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
730	if e != nil {
731		return e
732	}
733	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
734		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
735		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
736	if e != nil {
737		return e
738	}
739	defer Close(h)
740	a := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[0]))
741	w := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[1]))
742	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
743}
744
745func Fsync(fd Handle) (err error) {
746	return FlushFileBuffers(fd)
747}
748
749func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
750	p, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
751	if e != nil {
752		return e
753	}
754	attrs, e := GetFileAttributes(p)
755	if e != nil {
756		return e
757	}
758	if mode&S_IWRITE != 0 {
759		attrs &^= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
760	} else {
761		attrs |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
762	}
763	return SetFileAttributes(p, attrs)
764}
765
766func LoadGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime() error {
767	return procGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime.Find()
768}
769
770func LoadCancelIoEx() error {
771	return procCancelIoEx.Find()
772}
773
774func LoadSetFileCompletionNotificationModes() error {
775	return procSetFileCompletionNotificationModes.Find()
776}
777
778func WaitForMultipleObjects(handles []Handle, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) {
779	// Every other win32 array API takes arguments as "pointer, count", except for this function. So we
780	// can't declare it as a usual [] type, because mksyscall will use the opposite order. We therefore
781	// trivially stub this ourselves.
782
783	var handlePtr *Handle
784	if len(handles) > 0 {
785		handlePtr = &handles[0]
786	}
787	return waitForMultipleObjects(uint32(len(handles)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(handlePtr)), waitAll, waitMilliseconds)
788}
789
790// net api calls
791
792const socket_error = uintptr(^uint32(0))
793
794//sys	WSAStartup(verreq uint32, data *WSAData) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.WSAStartup
795//sys	WSACleanup() (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSACleanup
796//sys	WSAIoctl(s Handle, iocc uint32, inbuf *byte, cbif uint32, outbuf *byte, cbob uint32, cbbr *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSAIoctl
797//sys	socket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.socket
798//sys	sendto(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, to unsafe.Pointer, tolen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.sendto
799//sys	recvfrom(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.recvfrom
800//sys	Setsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.setsockopt
801//sys	Getsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockopt
802//sys	bind(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.bind
803//sys	connect(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.connect
804//sys	getsockname(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockname
805//sys	getpeername(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getpeername
806//sys	listen(s Handle, backlog int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.listen
807//sys	shutdown(s Handle, how int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.shutdown
808//sys	Closesocket(s Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.closesocket
809//sys	AcceptEx(ls Handle, as Handle, buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, recvd *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = mswsock.AcceptEx
810//sys	GetAcceptExSockaddrs(buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, lrsa **RawSockaddrAny, lrsalen *int32, rrsa **RawSockaddrAny, rrsalen *int32) = mswsock.GetAcceptExSockaddrs
811//sys	WSARecv(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecv
812//sys	WSASend(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASend
813//sys	WSARecvFrom(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32,  from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecvFrom
814//sys	WSASendTo(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *RawSockaddrAny, tolen int32,  overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASendTo
815//sys	WSASocket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32, protoInfo *WSAProtocolInfo, group uint32, flags uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.WSASocketW
816//sys	GetHostByName(name string) (h *Hostent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.gethostbyname
817//sys	GetServByName(name string, proto string) (s *Servent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getservbyname
818//sys	Ntohs(netshort uint16) (u uint16) = ws2_32.ntohs
819//sys	GetProtoByName(name string) (p *Protoent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getprotobyname
820//sys	DnsQuery(name string, qtype uint16, options uint32, extra *byte, qrs **DNSRecord, pr *byte) (status error) = dnsapi.DnsQuery_W
821//sys	DnsRecordListFree(rl *DNSRecord, freetype uint32) = dnsapi.DnsRecordListFree
822//sys	DnsNameCompare(name1 *uint16, name2 *uint16) (same bool) = dnsapi.DnsNameCompare_W
823//sys	GetAddrInfoW(nodename *uint16, servicename *uint16, hints *AddrinfoW, result **AddrinfoW) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.GetAddrInfoW
824//sys	FreeAddrInfoW(addrinfo *AddrinfoW) = ws2_32.FreeAddrInfoW
825//sys	GetIfEntry(pIfRow *MibIfRow) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetIfEntry
826//sys	GetAdaptersInfo(ai *IpAdapterInfo, ol *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
827//sys	SetFileCompletionNotificationModes(handle Handle, flags uint8) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileCompletionNotificationModes
828//sys	WSAEnumProtocols(protocols *int32, protocolBuffer *WSAProtocolInfo, bufferLength *uint32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.WSAEnumProtocolsW
829//sys	WSAGetOverlappedResult(h Handle, o *Overlapped, bytes *uint32, wait bool, flags *uint32) (err error) = ws2_32.WSAGetOverlappedResult
830//sys	GetAdaptersAddresses(family uint32, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, adapterAddresses *IpAdapterAddresses, sizePointer *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersAddresses
831//sys	GetACP() (acp uint32) = kernel32.GetACP
832//sys	MultiByteToWideChar(codePage uint32, dwFlags uint32, str *byte, nstr int32, wchar *uint16, nwchar int32) (nwrite int32, err error) = kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
833
834// For testing: clients can set this flag to force
835// creation of IPv6 sockets to return EAFNOSUPPORT.
836var SocketDisableIPv6 bool
837
838type RawSockaddrInet4 struct {
839	Family uint16
840	Port   uint16
841	Addr   [4]byte /* in_addr */
842	Zero   [8]uint8
843}
844
845type RawSockaddrInet6 struct {
846	Family   uint16
847	Port     uint16
848	Flowinfo uint32
849	Addr     [16]byte /* in6_addr */
850	Scope_id uint32
851}
852
853type RawSockaddr struct {
854	Family uint16
855	Data   [14]int8
856}
857
858type RawSockaddrAny struct {
859	Addr RawSockaddr
860	Pad  [100]int8
861}
862
863type Sockaddr interface {
864	sockaddr() (ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int32, err error) // lowercase; only we can define Sockaddrs
865}
866
867type SockaddrInet4 struct {
868	Port int
869	Addr [4]byte
870	raw  RawSockaddrInet4
871}
872
873func (sa *SockaddrInet4) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
874	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
875		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
876	}
877	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET
878	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
879	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
880	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
881	for i := 0; i < len(sa.Addr); i++ {
882		sa.raw.Addr[i] = sa.Addr[i]
883	}
884	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
885}
886
887type SockaddrInet6 struct {
888	Port   int
889	ZoneId uint32
890	Addr   [16]byte
891	raw    RawSockaddrInet6
892}
893
894func (sa *SockaddrInet6) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
895	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
896		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
897	}
898	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET6
899	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
900	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
901	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
902	sa.raw.Scope_id = sa.ZoneId
903	for i := 0; i < len(sa.Addr); i++ {
904		sa.raw.Addr[i] = sa.Addr[i]
905	}
906	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
907}
908
909type RawSockaddrUnix struct {
910	Family uint16
911	Path   [UNIX_PATH_MAX]int8
912}
913
914type SockaddrUnix struct {
915	Name string
916	raw  RawSockaddrUnix
917}
918
919func (sa *SockaddrUnix) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
920	name := sa.Name
921	n := len(name)
922	if n > len(sa.raw.Path) {
923		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
924	}
925	if n == len(sa.raw.Path) && name[0] != '@' {
926		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
927	}
928	sa.raw.Family = AF_UNIX
929	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
930		sa.raw.Path[i] = int8(name[i])
931	}
932	// length is family (uint16), name, NUL.
933	sl := int32(2)
934	if n > 0 {
935		sl += int32(n) + 1
936	}
937	if sa.raw.Path[0] == '@' {
938		sa.raw.Path[0] = 0
939		// Don't count trailing NUL for abstract address.
940		sl--
941	}
942
943	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), sl, nil
944}
945
946func (rsa *RawSockaddrAny) Sockaddr() (Sockaddr, error) {
947	switch rsa.Addr.Family {
948	case AF_UNIX:
949		pp := (*RawSockaddrUnix)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
950		sa := new(SockaddrUnix)
951		if pp.Path[0] == 0 {
952			// "Abstract" Unix domain socket.
953			// Rewrite leading NUL as @ for textual display.
954			// (This is the standard convention.)
955			// Not friendly to overwrite in place,
956			// but the callers below don't care.
957			pp.Path[0] = '@'
958		}
959
960		// Assume path ends at NUL.
961		// This is not technically the Linux semantics for
962		// abstract Unix domain sockets--they are supposed
963		// to be uninterpreted fixed-size binary blobs--but
964		// everyone uses this convention.
965		n := 0
966		for n < len(pp.Path) && pp.Path[n] != 0 {
967			n++
968		}
969		bytes := (*[len(pp.Path)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Path[0]))[0:n]
970		sa.Name = string(bytes)
971		return sa, nil
972
973	case AF_INET:
974		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet4)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
975		sa := new(SockaddrInet4)
976		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
977		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
978		for i := 0; i < len(sa.Addr); i++ {
979			sa.Addr[i] = pp.Addr[i]
980		}
981		return sa, nil
982
983	case AF_INET6:
984		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet6)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
985		sa := new(SockaddrInet6)
986		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
987		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
988		sa.ZoneId = pp.Scope_id
989		for i := 0; i < len(sa.Addr); i++ {
990			sa.Addr[i] = pp.Addr[i]
991		}
992		return sa, nil
993	}
994	return nil, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
995}
996
997func Socket(domain, typ, proto int) (fd Handle, err error) {
998	if domain == AF_INET6 && SocketDisableIPv6 {
999		return InvalidHandle, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
1000	}
1001	return socket(int32(domain), int32(typ), int32(proto))
1002}
1003
1004func SetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int, value int) (err error) {
1005	v := int32(value)
1006	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v)))
1007}
1008
1009func Bind(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
1010	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1011	if err != nil {
1012		return err
1013	}
1014	return bind(fd, ptr, n)
1015}
1016
1017func Connect(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
1018	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1019	if err != nil {
1020		return err
1021	}
1022	return connect(fd, ptr, n)
1023}
1024
1025func Getsockname(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
1026	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1027	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1028	if err = getsockname(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
1029		return
1030	}
1031	return rsa.Sockaddr()
1032}
1033
1034func Getpeername(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
1035	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1036	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1037	if err = getpeername(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
1038		return
1039	}
1040	return rsa.Sockaddr()
1041}
1042
1043func Listen(s Handle, n int) (err error) {
1044	return listen(s, int32(n))
1045}
1046
1047func Shutdown(fd Handle, how int) (err error) {
1048	return shutdown(fd, int32(how))
1049}
1050
1051func WSASendto(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to Sockaddr, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
1052	rsa, l, err := to.sockaddr()
1053	if err != nil {
1054		return err
1055	}
1056	return WSASendTo(s, bufs, bufcnt, sent, flags, (*RawSockaddrAny)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), l, overlapped, croutine)
1057}
1058
1059func LoadGetAddrInfo() error {
1060	return procGetAddrInfoW.Find()
1061}
1062
1063var connectExFunc struct {
1064	once sync.Once
1065	addr uintptr
1066	err  error
1067}
1068
1069func LoadConnectEx() error {
1070	connectExFunc.once.Do(func() {
1071		var s Handle
1072		s, connectExFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)
1073		if connectExFunc.err != nil {
1074			return
1075		}
1076		defer CloseHandle(s)
1077		var n uint32
1078		connectExFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1079			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1080			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
1081			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
1082			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&connectExFunc.addr)),
1083			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(connectExFunc.addr)),
1084			&n, nil, 0)
1085	})
1086	return connectExFunc.err
1087}
1088
1089func connectEx(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) {
1090	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall9(connectExFunc.addr, 7, uintptr(s), uintptr(name), uintptr(namelen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sendBuf)), uintptr(sendDataLen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), 0, 0)
1091	if r1 == 0 {
1092		if e1 != 0 {
1093			err = error(e1)
1094		} else {
1095			err = syscall.EINVAL
1096		}
1097	}
1098	return
1099}
1100
1101func ConnectEx(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
1102	err := LoadConnectEx()
1103	if err != nil {
1104		return errorspkg.New("failed to find ConnectEx: " + err.Error())
1105	}
1106	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1107	if err != nil {
1108		return err
1109	}
1110	return connectEx(fd, ptr, n, sendBuf, sendDataLen, bytesSent, overlapped)
1111}
1112
1113var sendRecvMsgFunc struct {
1114	once     sync.Once
1115	sendAddr uintptr
1116	recvAddr uintptr
1117	err      error
1118}
1119
1120func loadWSASendRecvMsg() error {
1121	sendRecvMsgFunc.once.Do(func() {
1122		var s Handle
1123		s, sendRecvMsgFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)
1124		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
1125			return
1126		}
1127		defer CloseHandle(s)
1128		var n uint32
1129		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1130			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1131			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
1132			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
1133			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
1134			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
1135			&n, nil, 0)
1136		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
1137			return
1138		}
1139		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1140			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1141			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
1142			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
1143			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
1144			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
1145			&n, nil, 0)
1146	})
1147	return sendRecvMsgFunc.err
1148}
1149
1150func WSASendMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, flags uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
1151	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
1152	if err != nil {
1153		return err
1154	}
1155	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr, 6, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
1156	if r1 == socket_error {
1157		err = errnoErr(e1)
1158	}
1159	return err
1160}
1161
1162func WSARecvMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, bytesReceived *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
1163	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
1164	if err != nil {
1165		return err
1166	}
1167	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr, 5, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesReceived)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)), 0)
1168	if r1 == socket_error {
1169		err = errnoErr(e1)
1170	}
1171	return err
1172}
1173
1174// Invented structures to support what package os expects.
1175type Rusage struct {
1176	CreationTime Filetime
1177	ExitTime     Filetime
1178	KernelTime   Filetime
1179	UserTime     Filetime
1180}
1181
1182type WaitStatus struct {
1183	ExitCode uint32
1184}
1185
1186func (w WaitStatus) Exited() bool { return true }
1187
1188func (w WaitStatus) ExitStatus() int { return int(w.ExitCode) }
1189
1190func (w WaitStatus) Signal() Signal { return -1 }
1191
1192func (w WaitStatus) CoreDump() bool { return false }
1193
1194func (w WaitStatus) Stopped() bool { return false }
1195
1196func (w WaitStatus) Continued() bool { return false }
1197
1198func (w WaitStatus) StopSignal() Signal { return -1 }
1199
1200func (w WaitStatus) Signaled() bool { return false }
1201
1202func (w WaitStatus) TrapCause() int { return -1 }
1203
1204// Timespec is an invented structure on Windows, but here for
1205// consistency with the corresponding package for other operating systems.
1206type Timespec struct {
1207	Sec  int64
1208	Nsec int64
1209}
1210
1211func TimespecToNsec(ts Timespec) int64 { return int64(ts.Sec)*1e9 + int64(ts.Nsec) }
1212
1213func NsecToTimespec(nsec int64) (ts Timespec) {
1214	ts.Sec = nsec / 1e9
1215	ts.Nsec = nsec % 1e9
1216	return
1217}
1218
1219// TODO(brainman): fix all needed for net
1220
1221func Accept(fd Handle) (nfd Handle, sa Sockaddr, err error) { return 0, nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
1222
1223func Recvfrom(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int) (n int, from Sockaddr, err error) {
1224	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1225	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1226	n32, err := recvfrom(fd, p, int32(flags), &rsa, &l)
1227	n = int(n32)
1228	if err != nil {
1229		return
1230	}
1231	from, err = rsa.Sockaddr()
1232	return
1233}
1234
1235func Sendto(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int, to Sockaddr) (err error) {
1236	ptr, l, err := to.sockaddr()
1237	if err != nil {
1238		return err
1239	}
1240	return sendto(fd, p, int32(flags), ptr, l)
1241}
1242
1243func SetsockoptTimeval(fd Handle, level, opt int, tv *Timeval) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1244
1245// The Linger struct is wrong but we only noticed after Go 1.
1246// sysLinger is the real system call structure.
1247
1248// BUG(brainman): The definition of Linger is not appropriate for direct use
1249// with Setsockopt and Getsockopt.
1250// Use SetsockoptLinger instead.
1251
1252type Linger struct {
1253	Onoff  int32
1254	Linger int32
1255}
1256
1257type sysLinger struct {
1258	Onoff  uint16
1259	Linger uint16
1260}
1261
1262type IPMreq struct {
1263	Multiaddr [4]byte /* in_addr */
1264	Interface [4]byte /* in_addr */
1265}
1266
1267type IPv6Mreq struct {
1268	Multiaddr [16]byte /* in6_addr */
1269	Interface uint32
1270}
1271
1272func GetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int) (int, error) {
1273	v := int32(0)
1274	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v))
1275	err := Getsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), &l)
1276	return int(v), err
1277}
1278
1279func SetsockoptLinger(fd Handle, level, opt int, l *Linger) (err error) {
1280	sys := sysLinger{Onoff: uint16(l.Onoff), Linger: uint16(l.Linger)}
1281	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sys)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sys)))
1282}
1283
1284func SetsockoptInet4Addr(fd Handle, level, opt int, value [4]byte) (err error) {
1285	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&value[0])), 4)
1286}
1287func SetsockoptIPMreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPMreq) (err error) {
1288	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(mreq)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(*mreq)))
1289}
1290func SetsockoptIPv6Mreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPv6Mreq) (err error) {
1291	return syscall.EWINDOWS
1292}
1293
1294func Getpid() (pid int) { return int(GetCurrentProcessId()) }
1295
1296func FindFirstFile(name *uint16, data *Win32finddata) (handle Handle, err error) {
1297	// NOTE(rsc): The Win32finddata struct is wrong for the system call:
1298	// the two paths are each one uint16 short. Use the correct struct,
1299	// a win32finddata1, and then copy the results out.
1300	// There is no loss of expressivity here, because the final
1301	// uint16, if it is used, is supposed to be a NUL, and Go doesn't need that.
1302	// For Go 1.1, we might avoid the allocation of win32finddata1 here
1303	// by adding a final Bug [2]uint16 field to the struct and then
1304	// adjusting the fields in the result directly.
1305	var data1 win32finddata1
1306	handle, err = findFirstFile1(name, &data1)
1307	if err == nil {
1308		copyFindData(data, &data1)
1309	}
1310	return
1311}
1312
1313func FindNextFile(handle Handle, data *Win32finddata) (err error) {
1314	var data1 win32finddata1
1315	err = findNextFile1(handle, &data1)
1316	if err == nil {
1317		copyFindData(data, &data1)
1318	}
1319	return
1320}
1321
1322func getProcessEntry(pid int) (*ProcessEntry32, error) {
1323	snapshot, err := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)
1324	if err != nil {
1325		return nil, err
1326	}
1327	defer CloseHandle(snapshot)
1328	var procEntry ProcessEntry32
1329	procEntry.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(procEntry))
1330	if err = Process32First(snapshot, &procEntry); err != nil {
1331		return nil, err
1332	}
1333	for {
1334		if procEntry.ProcessID == uint32(pid) {
1335			return &procEntry, nil
1336		}
1337		err = Process32Next(snapshot, &procEntry)
1338		if err != nil {
1339			return nil, err
1340		}
1341	}
1342}
1343
1344func Getppid() (ppid int) {
1345	pe, err := getProcessEntry(Getpid())
1346	if err != nil {
1347		return -1
1348	}
1349	return int(pe.ParentProcessID)
1350}
1351
1352// TODO(brainman): fix all needed for os
1353func Fchdir(fd Handle) (err error)             { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1354func Link(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1355func Symlink(path, link string) (err error)    { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1356
1357func Fchmod(fd Handle, mode uint32) (err error)        { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1358func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error)  { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1359func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1360func Fchown(fd Handle, uid int, gid int) (err error)   { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1361
1362func Getuid() (uid int)                  { return -1 }
1363func Geteuid() (euid int)                { return -1 }
1364func Getgid() (gid int)                  { return -1 }
1365func Getegid() (egid int)                { return -1 }
1366func Getgroups() (gids []int, err error) { return nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
1367
1368type Signal int
1369
1370func (s Signal) Signal() {}
1371
1372func (s Signal) String() string {
1373	if 0 <= s && int(s) < len(signals) {
1374		str := signals[s]
1375		if str != "" {
1376			return str
1377		}
1378	}
1379	return "signal " + itoa(int(s))
1380}
1381
1382func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error {
1383	return procCreateSymbolicLinkW.Find()
1384}
1385
1386// Readlink returns the destination of the named symbolic link.
1387func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
1388	fd, err := CreateFile(StringToUTF16Ptr(path), GENERIC_READ, 0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING,
1389		FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT|FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
1390	if err != nil {
1391		return -1, err
1392	}
1393	defer CloseHandle(fd)
1394
1395	rdbbuf := make([]byte, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
1396	var bytesReturned uint32
1397	err = DeviceIoControl(fd, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT, nil, 0, &rdbbuf[0], uint32(len(rdbbuf)), &bytesReturned, nil)
1398	if err != nil {
1399		return -1, err
1400	}
1401
1402	rdb := (*reparseDataBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdbbuf[0]))
1403	var s string
1404	switch rdb.ReparseTag {
1405	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
1406		data := (*symbolicLinkReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
1407		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
1408		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
1409	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
1410		data := (*mountPointReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
1411		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
1412		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
1413	default:
1414		// the path is not a symlink or junction but another type of reparse
1415		// point
1416		return -1, syscall.ENOENT
1417	}
1418	n = copy(buf, []byte(s))
1419
1420	return n, nil
1421}
1422
1423// GUIDFromString parses a string in the form of
1424// "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}" into a GUID.
1425func GUIDFromString(str string) (GUID, error) {
1426	guid := GUID{}
1427	str16, err := syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(str)
1428	if err != nil {
1429		return guid, err
1430	}
1431	err = clsidFromString(str16, &guid)
1432	if err != nil {
1433		return guid, err
1434	}
1435	return guid, nil
1436}
1437
1438// GenerateGUID creates a new random GUID.
1439func GenerateGUID() (GUID, error) {
1440	guid := GUID{}
1441	err := coCreateGuid(&guid)
1442	if err != nil {
1443		return guid, err
1444	}
1445	return guid, nil
1446}
1447
1448// String returns the canonical string form of the GUID,
1449// in the form of "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}".
1450func (guid GUID) String() string {
1451	var str [100]uint16
1452	chars := stringFromGUID2(&guid, &str[0], int32(len(str)))
1453	if chars <= 1 {
1454		return ""
1455	}
1456	return string(utf16.Decode(str[:chars-1]))
1457}
1458
1459// KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the current user, specified by one of
1460// the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
1461func KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
1462	return Token(0).KnownFolderPath(folderID, flags)
1463}
1464
1465// KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the user token, specified by one of
1466// the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
1467func (t Token) KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
1468	var p *uint16
1469	err := shGetKnownFolderPath(folderID, flags, t, &p)
1470	if err != nil {
1471		return "", err
1472	}
1473	defer CoTaskMemFree(unsafe.Pointer(p))
1474	return UTF16PtrToString(p), nil
1475}
1476
1477// RtlGetVersion returns the version of the underlying operating system, ignoring
1478// manifest semantics but is affected by the application compatibility layer.
1479func RtlGetVersion() *OsVersionInfoEx {
1480	info := &OsVersionInfoEx{}
1481	info.osVersionInfoSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*info))
1482	// According to documentation, this function always succeeds.
1483	// The function doesn't even check the validity of the
1484	// osVersionInfoSize member. Disassembling ntdll.dll indicates
1485	// that the documentation is indeed correct about that.
1486	_ = rtlGetVersion(info)
1487	return info
1488}
1489
1490// RtlGetNtVersionNumbers returns the version of the underlying operating system,
1491// ignoring manifest semantics and the application compatibility layer.
1492func RtlGetNtVersionNumbers() (majorVersion, minorVersion, buildNumber uint32) {
1493	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(&majorVersion, &minorVersion, &buildNumber)
1494	buildNumber &= 0xffff
1495	return
1496}
1497
1498// GetProcessPreferredUILanguages retrieves the process preferred UI languages.
1499func GetProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1500	return getUILanguages(flags, getProcessPreferredUILanguages)
1501}
1502
1503// GetThreadPreferredUILanguages retrieves the thread preferred UI languages for the current thread.
1504func GetThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1505	return getUILanguages(flags, getThreadPreferredUILanguages)
1506}
1507
1508// GetUserPreferredUILanguages retrieves information about the user preferred UI languages.
1509func GetUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1510	return getUILanguages(flags, getUserPreferredUILanguages)
1511}
1512
1513// GetSystemPreferredUILanguages retrieves the system preferred UI languages.
1514func GetSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1515	return getUILanguages(flags, getSystemPreferredUILanguages)
1516}
1517
1518func getUILanguages(flags uint32, f func(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) error) ([]string, error) {
1519	size := uint32(128)
1520	for {
1521		var numLanguages uint32
1522		buf := make([]uint16, size)
1523		err := f(flags, &numLanguages, &buf[0], &size)
1524		if err == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER {
1525			continue
1526		}
1527		if err != nil {
1528			return nil, err
1529		}
1530		buf = buf[:size]
1531		if numLanguages == 0 || len(buf) == 0 { // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages may return numLanguages==0 with "\0\0"
1532			return []string{}, nil
1533		}
1534		if buf[len(buf)-1] == 0 {
1535			buf = buf[:len(buf)-1] // remove terminating null
1536		}
1537		languages := make([]string, 0, numLanguages)
1538		from := 0
1539		for i, c := range buf {
1540			if c == 0 {
1541				languages = append(languages, string(utf16.Decode(buf[from:i])))
1542				from = i + 1
1543			}
1544		}
1545		return languages, nil
1546	}
1547}
1548
1549func SetConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position Coord) error {
1550	return setConsoleCursorPosition(console, *((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&position))))
1551}
1552
1553func (s NTStatus) Errno() syscall.Errno {
1554	return rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(s)
1555}
1556
1557func langID(pri, sub uint16) uint32 { return uint32(sub)<<10 | uint32(pri) }
1558
1559func (s NTStatus) Error() string {
1560	b := make([]uint16, 300)
1561	n, err := FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE|FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY, modntdll.Handle(), uint32(s), langID(LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), b, nil)
1562	if err != nil {
1563		return fmt.Sprintf("NTSTATUS 0x%08x", uint32(s))
1564	}
1565	// trim terminating \r and \n
1566	for ; n > 0 && (b[n-1] == '\n' || b[n-1] == '\r'); n-- {
1567	}
1568	return string(utf16.Decode(b[:n]))
1569}
1570
1571// NewNTUnicodeString returns a new NTUnicodeString structure for use with native
1572// NT APIs that work over the NTUnicodeString type. Note that most Windows APIs
1573// do not use NTUnicodeString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
1574// the more common *uint16 string type.
1575func NewNTUnicodeString(s string) (*NTUnicodeString, error) {
1576	var u NTUnicodeString
1577	s16, err := UTF16PtrFromString(s)
1578	if err != nil {
1579		return nil, err
1580	}
1581	RtlInitUnicodeString(&u, s16)
1582	return &u, nil
1583}
1584
1585// Slice returns a uint16 slice that aliases the data in the NTUnicodeString.
1586func (s *NTUnicodeString) Slice() []uint16 {
1587	var slice []uint16
1588	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
1589	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
1590	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
1591	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
1592	return slice
1593}
1594
1595func (s *NTUnicodeString) String() string {
1596	return UTF16ToString(s.Slice())
1597}
1598
1599// NewNTString returns a new NTString structure for use with native
1600// NT APIs that work over the NTString type. Note that most Windows APIs
1601// do not use NTString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
1602// the more common *uint16 string type.
1603func NewNTString(s string) (*NTString, error) {
1604	var nts NTString
1605	s8, err := BytePtrFromString(s)
1606	if err != nil {
1607		return nil, err
1608	}
1609	RtlInitString(&nts, s8)
1610	return &nts, nil
1611}
1612
1613// Slice returns a byte slice that aliases the data in the NTString.
1614func (s *NTString) Slice() []byte {
1615	var slice []byte
1616	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
1617	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
1618	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
1619	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
1620	return slice
1621}
1622
1623func (s *NTString) String() string {
1624	return ByteSliceToString(s.Slice())
1625}
1626
1627// FindResource resolves a resource of the given name and resource type.
1628func FindResource(module Handle, name, resType ResourceIDOrString) (Handle, error) {
1629	var namePtr, resTypePtr uintptr
1630	var name16, resType16 *uint16
1631	var err error
1632	resolvePtr := func(i interface{}, keep **uint16) (uintptr, error) {
1633		switch v := i.(type) {
1634		case string:
1635			*keep, err = UTF16PtrFromString(v)
1636			if err != nil {
1637				return 0, err
1638			}
1639			return uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(*keep)), nil
1640		case ResourceID:
1641			return uintptr(v), nil
1642		}
1643		return 0, errorspkg.New("parameter must be a ResourceID or a string")
1644	}
1645	namePtr, err = resolvePtr(name, &name16)
1646	if err != nil {
1647		return 0, err
1648	}
1649	resTypePtr, err = resolvePtr(resType, &resType16)
1650	if err != nil {
1651		return 0, err
1652	}
1653	resInfo, err := findResource(module, namePtr, resTypePtr)
1654	runtime.KeepAlive(name16)
1655	runtime.KeepAlive(resType16)
1656	return resInfo, err
1657}
1658
1659func LoadResourceData(module, resInfo Handle) (data []byte, err error) {
1660	size, err := SizeofResource(module, resInfo)
1661	if err != nil {
1662		return
1663	}
1664	resData, err := LoadResource(module, resInfo)
1665	if err != nil {
1666		return
1667	}
1668	ptr, err := LockResource(resData)
1669	if err != nil {
1670		return
1671	}
1672	h := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&data))
1673	h.Data = unsafe.Pointer(ptr)
1674	h.Len = int(size)
1675	h.Cap = int(size)
1676	return
1677}
1678