1A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
2==========================
3
4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
5Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
6as a successor of a language called ABC.  Guido remains Python's
7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
8
9In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
12software.
13
14In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team.  In October of the same
16year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com).  In 2001, the Python Software
18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
20Intellectual Property.  Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
21the PSF.
22
23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
24the Open Source Definition).  Historically, most, but not all, Python
25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
26the various releases.
27
28    Release         Derived     Year        Owner       GPL-
29                    from                                compatible? (1)
30
31    0.9.0 thru 1.2              1991-1995   CWI         yes
32    1.3 thru 1.5.2  1.2         1995-1999   CNRI        yes
33    1.6             1.5.2       2000        CNRI        no
34    2.0             1.6         2000        BeOpen.com  no
35    1.6.1           1.6         2001        CNRI        yes (2)
36    2.1             2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         no
37    2.0.1           2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         yes
38    2.1.1           2.1+2.0.1   2001        PSF         yes
39    2.2             2.1.1       2001        PSF         yes
40    2.1.2           2.1.1       2002        PSF         yes
41    2.1.3           2.1.2       2002        PSF         yes
42    2.2.1           2.2         2002        PSF         yes
43    2.2.2           2.2.1       2002        PSF         yes
44    2.2.3           2.2.2       2003        PSF         yes
45    2.3             2.2.2       2002-2003   PSF         yes
46    2.3.1           2.3         2002-2003   PSF         yes
47    2.3.2           2.3.1       2002-2003   PSF         yes
48    2.3.3           2.3.2       2002-2003   PSF         yes
49    2.3.4           2.3.3       2004        PSF         yes
50    2.3.5           2.3.4       2005        PSF         yes
51    2.4             2.3         2004        PSF         yes
52    2.4.1           2.4         2005        PSF         yes
53    2.4.2           2.4.1       2005        PSF         yes
54    2.4.3           2.4.2       2006        PSF         yes
55    2.4.4           2.4.3       2006        PSF         yes
56    2.5             2.4         2006        PSF         yes
57    2.5.1           2.5         2007        PSF         yes
58    2.5.2           2.5.2       2008        PSF         yes
59
60Footnotes:
61
62(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
63    the GPL.  All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
64    a modified version without making your changes open source.  The
65    GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
66    other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
67
68(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
69    because its license has a choice of law clause.  According to
70    CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
71    is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
72
73Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
74direction to make these releases possible.
75
76
77B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
78===============================================================
79
80PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
81--------------------------------------------
82
831. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
84("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
85otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
86its associated documentation.
87
882. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF
89hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
90license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
91prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python
92alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's
93License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
942001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Python Software Foundation;
95All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative
96version prepared by Licensee.
97
983. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
99or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
100the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
101Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
102the changes made to Python.
103
1044. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
105basis.  PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
106IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
107DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
108FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
109INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
110
1115. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
112FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
113A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
114OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
115
1166. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
117breach of its terms and conditions.
118
1197. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
120relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
121Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
122trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
123products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
124
1258. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
126agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
127Agreement.
128
129
130BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
131-------------------------------------------
132
133BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
134
1351. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
136office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
137Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
138this software in source or binary form and its associated
139documentation ("the Software").
140
1412. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
142Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
143royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
144and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
145otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
146provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
147Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
148
1493. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
150basis.  BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
151IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
152DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
153FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
154INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
155
1564. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
157SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
158AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
159DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
160
1615. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
162breach of its terms and conditions.
163
1646. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
165respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
166law provisions.  Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
167create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
168between BeOpen and Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant
169permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
170sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
171third party.  As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
172http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
173permissions granted on that web page.
174
1757. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
176agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
177Agreement.
178
179
180CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
181---------------------------------------
182
1831. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
184Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
185Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
186("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
187source or binary form and its associated documentation.
188
1892. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
190hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
191license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
192prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
193alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
194License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
1951995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
196Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
197version prepared by Licensee.  Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
198Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
199quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
200conditions in CNRI's License Agreement.  This Agreement together with
201Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
202unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013.  This
203Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
204using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
205
2063. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
207or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
208the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
209Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
210the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
211
2124. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
213basis.  CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
214IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
215DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
216FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
217INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
218
2195. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
2201.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
221A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
222OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
223
2246. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
225breach of its terms and conditions.
226
2277. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
228intellectual property law of the United States, including without
229limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
230U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
231Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
232Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
233on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
234previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
235law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
236Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
237Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement.  Nothing in this
238License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
239agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee.  This
240License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
241trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
242services of Licensee, or any third party.
243
2448. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
245installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
246bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
247
248        ACCEPT
249
250
251CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
252--------------------------------------------------
253
254Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
255The Netherlands.  All rights reserved.
256
257Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
258documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
259provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
260both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
261supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
262Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
263distribution of the software without specific, written prior
264permission.
265
266STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
267THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
268FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
269FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
270WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
271ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
272OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
273