1 /*
2 * QEMU disk image utility
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include <getopt.h>
27
28 #include "qemu-common.h"
29 #include "qemu-version.h"
30 #include "qapi/error.h"
31 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
32 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
33 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
35 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
36 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
37 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
38 #include "qemu/option.h"
39 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
40 #include "qemu/log.h"
41 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
42 #include "qemu/module.h"
43 #include "qemu/units.h"
44 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
45 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
46 #include "block/block_int.h"
47 #include "block/blockjob.h"
48 #include "block/qapi.h"
49 #include "crypto/init.h"
50 #include "trace/control.h"
51
52 #define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION \
53 "\n" QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
54
55 typedef struct img_cmd_t {
56 const char *name;
57 int (*handler)(int argc, char **argv);
58 } img_cmd_t;
59
60 enum {
61 OPTION_OUTPUT = 256,
62 OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN = 257,
63 OPTION_OBJECT = 258,
64 OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 259,
65 OPTION_PATTERN = 260,
66 OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL = 261,
67 OPTION_NO_DRAIN = 262,
68 OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS = 263,
69 OPTION_SIZE = 264,
70 OPTION_PREALLOCATION = 265,
71 OPTION_SHRINK = 266,
72 OPTION_SALVAGE = 267,
73 };
74
75 typedef enum OutputFormat {
76 OFORMAT_JSON,
77 OFORMAT_HUMAN,
78 } OutputFormat;
79
80 /* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-img */
81 #define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
82
format_print(void * opaque,const char * name)83 static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
84 {
85 printf(" %s", name);
86 }
87
error_exit(const char * fmt,...)88 static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
89 {
90 va_list ap;
91
92 va_start(ap, fmt);
93 error_vreport(fmt, ap);
94 va_end(ap);
95
96 error_printf("Try 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
97 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
98 }
99
missing_argument(const char * option)100 static void QEMU_NORETURN missing_argument(const char *option)
101 {
102 error_exit("missing argument for option '%s'", option);
103 }
104
unrecognized_option(const char * option)105 static void QEMU_NORETURN unrecognized_option(const char *option)
106 {
107 error_exit("unrecognized option '%s'", option);
108 }
109
110 /* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
help(void)111 static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
112 {
113 const char *help_msg =
114 QEMU_IMG_VERSION
115 "usage: qemu-img [standard options] command [command options]\n"
116 "QEMU disk image utility\n"
117 "\n"
118 " '-h', '--help' display this help and exit\n"
119 " '-V', '--version' output version information and exit\n"
120 " '-T', '--trace' [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
121 " specify tracing options\n"
122 "\n"
123 "Command syntax:\n"
124 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
125 " " arg_string "\n"
126 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
127 #undef DEF
128 "\n"
129 "Command parameters:\n"
130 " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
131 " 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
132 " manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
133 " object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
134 " encryption keys.\n"
135 " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
136 " 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
137 " options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
138 " 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
139 " 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
140 " options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
141 " 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
142 " 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
143 " 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
144 " supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
145 " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
146 " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
147 " 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
148 " name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
149 " used format\n"
150 " 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
151 " is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
152 " '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
153 " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
154 " '-u' allows unsafe backing chains. For rebasing, it is assumed that old and\n"
155 " new backing file match exactly. The image doesn't need a working\n"
156 " backing file before rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the\n"
157 " backing file). For image creation, allow creating without attempting\n"
158 " to open the backing file.\n"
159 " '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
160 " '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
161 " '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
162 " '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
163 " contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
164 " conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
165 " unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
166 " fully allocated\n"
167 " '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
168 " '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
169 " prior to running qemu-img)\n"
170 "\n"
171 "Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
172 " '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
173 " '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
174 " kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
175 " hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
176 "\n"
177 "Parameters to convert subcommand:\n"
178 " '-m' specifies how many coroutines work in parallel during the convert\n"
179 " process (defaults to 8)\n"
180 " '-W' allow to write to the target out of order rather than sequential\n"
181 "\n"
182 "Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
183 " 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
184 " '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
185 " '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
186 " '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
187 " '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
188 "\n"
189 "Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
190 " '-f' first image format\n"
191 " '-F' second image format\n"
192 " '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n"
193 "\n"
194 "Parameters to dd subcommand:\n"
195 " 'bs=BYTES' read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time "
196 "(default: 512)\n"
197 " 'count=N' copy only N input blocks\n"
198 " 'if=FILE' read from FILE\n"
199 " 'of=FILE' write to FILE\n"
200 " 'skip=N' skip N bs-sized blocks at the start of input\n";
201
202 printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
203 bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL, false);
204 printf("\n\n" QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
205 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
206 }
207
208 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
209 .name = "object",
210 .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
211 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
212 .desc = {
213 { }
214 },
215 };
216
qemu_img_object_print_help(const char * type,QemuOpts * opts)217 static bool qemu_img_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
218 {
219 if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
220 exit(0);
221 }
222 return true;
223 }
224
225 static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts = {
226 .name = "source",
227 .implied_opt_name = "file",
228 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts.head),
229 .desc = {
230 { }
231 },
232 };
233
qprintf(bool quiet,const char * fmt,...)234 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
235 {
236 int ret = 0;
237 if (!quiet) {
238 va_list args;
239 va_start(args, fmt);
240 ret = vprintf(fmt, args);
241 va_end(args);
242 }
243 return ret;
244 }
245
246
print_block_option_help(const char * filename,const char * fmt)247 static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
248 {
249 BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
250 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
251 Error *local_err = NULL;
252
253 /* Find driver and parse its options */
254 drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
255 if (!drv) {
256 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
257 return 1;
258 }
259
260 if (!drv->create_opts) {
261 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation", fmt);
262 return 1;
263 }
264
265 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
266 if (filename) {
267 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
268 if (!proto_drv) {
269 error_report_err(local_err);
270 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
271 return 1;
272 }
273 if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
274 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
275 proto_drv->format_name);
276 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
277 return 1;
278 }
279 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
280 }
281
282 if (filename) {
283 printf("Supported options:\n");
284 } else {
285 printf("Supported %s options:\n", fmt);
286 }
287 qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts, false);
288 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
289
290 if (!filename) {
291 printf("\n"
292 "The protocol level may support further options.\n"
293 "Specify the target filename to include those options.\n");
294 }
295
296 return 0;
297 }
298
299
img_open_opts(const char * optstr,QemuOpts * opts,int flags,bool writethrough,bool quiet,bool force_share)300 static BlockBackend *img_open_opts(const char *optstr,
301 QemuOpts *opts, int flags, bool writethrough,
302 bool quiet, bool force_share)
303 {
304 QDict *options;
305 Error *local_err = NULL;
306 BlockBackend *blk;
307 options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
308 if (force_share) {
309 if (qdict_haskey(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)
310 && strcmp(qdict_get_str(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE), "on")) {
311 error_report("--force-share/-U conflicts with image options");
312 qobject_unref(options);
313 return NULL;
314 }
315 qdict_put_str(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, "on");
316 }
317 blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
318 if (!blk) {
319 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", optstr);
320 return NULL;
321 }
322 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
323
324 return blk;
325 }
326
img_open_file(const char * filename,QDict * options,const char * fmt,int flags,bool writethrough,bool quiet,bool force_share)327 static BlockBackend *img_open_file(const char *filename,
328 QDict *options,
329 const char *fmt, int flags,
330 bool writethrough, bool quiet,
331 bool force_share)
332 {
333 BlockBackend *blk;
334 Error *local_err = NULL;
335
336 if (!options) {
337 options = qdict_new();
338 }
339 if (fmt) {
340 qdict_put_str(options, "driver", fmt);
341 }
342
343 if (force_share) {
344 qdict_put_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
345 }
346 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
347 if (!blk) {
348 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", filename);
349 return NULL;
350 }
351 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
352
353 return blk;
354 }
355
356
img_add_key_secrets(void * opaque,const char * name,const char * value,Error ** errp)357 static int img_add_key_secrets(void *opaque,
358 const char *name, const char *value,
359 Error **errp)
360 {
361 QDict *options = opaque;
362
363 if (g_str_has_suffix(name, "key-secret")) {
364 qdict_put_str(options, name, value);
365 }
366
367 return 0;
368 }
369
370
img_open(bool image_opts,const char * filename,const char * fmt,int flags,bool writethrough,bool quiet,bool force_share)371 static BlockBackend *img_open(bool image_opts,
372 const char *filename,
373 const char *fmt, int flags, bool writethrough,
374 bool quiet, bool force_share)
375 {
376 BlockBackend *blk;
377 if (image_opts) {
378 QemuOpts *opts;
379 if (fmt) {
380 error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
381 return NULL;
382 }
383 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
384 filename, true);
385 if (!opts) {
386 return NULL;
387 }
388 blk = img_open_opts(filename, opts, flags, writethrough, quiet,
389 force_share);
390 } else {
391 blk = img_open_file(filename, NULL, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
392 force_share);
393 }
394 return blk;
395 }
396
397
add_old_style_options(const char * fmt,QemuOpts * opts,const char * base_filename,const char * base_fmt)398 static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt, QemuOpts *opts,
399 const char *base_filename,
400 const char *base_fmt)
401 {
402 Error *err = NULL;
403
404 if (base_filename) {
405 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename, &err);
406 if (err) {
407 error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
408 fmt);
409 error_free(err);
410 return -1;
411 }
412 }
413 if (base_fmt) {
414 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, &err);
415 if (err) {
416 error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
417 "format '%s'", fmt);
418 error_free(err);
419 return -1;
420 }
421 }
422 return 0;
423 }
424
cvtnum(const char * s)425 static int64_t cvtnum(const char *s)
426 {
427 int err;
428 uint64_t value;
429
430 err = qemu_strtosz(s, NULL, &value);
431 if (err < 0) {
432 return err;
433 }
434 if (value > INT64_MAX) {
435 return -ERANGE;
436 }
437 return value;
438 }
439
img_create(int argc,char ** argv)440 static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
441 {
442 int c;
443 uint64_t img_size = -1;
444 const char *fmt = "raw";
445 const char *base_fmt = NULL;
446 const char *filename;
447 const char *base_filename = NULL;
448 char *options = NULL;
449 Error *local_err = NULL;
450 bool quiet = false;
451 int flags = 0;
452
453 for(;;) {
454 static const struct option long_options[] = {
455 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
456 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
457 {0, 0, 0, 0}
458 };
459 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":F:b:f:ho:qu",
460 long_options, NULL);
461 if (c == -1) {
462 break;
463 }
464 switch(c) {
465 case ':':
466 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
467 break;
468 case '?':
469 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
470 break;
471 case 'h':
472 help();
473 break;
474 case 'F':
475 base_fmt = optarg;
476 break;
477 case 'b':
478 base_filename = optarg;
479 break;
480 case 'f':
481 fmt = optarg;
482 break;
483 case 'o':
484 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
485 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
486 goto fail;
487 }
488 if (!options) {
489 options = g_strdup(optarg);
490 } else {
491 char *old_options = options;
492 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
493 g_free(old_options);
494 }
495 break;
496 case 'q':
497 quiet = true;
498 break;
499 case 'u':
500 flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
501 break;
502 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
503 QemuOpts *opts;
504 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
505 optarg, true);
506 if (!opts) {
507 goto fail;
508 }
509 } break;
510 }
511 }
512
513 /* Get the filename */
514 filename = (optind < argc) ? argv[optind] : NULL;
515 if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
516 g_free(options);
517 return print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
518 }
519
520 if (optind >= argc) {
521 error_exit("Expecting image file name");
522 }
523 optind++;
524
525 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
526 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
527 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
528 goto fail;
529 }
530
531 /* Get image size, if specified */
532 if (optind < argc) {
533 int64_t sval;
534
535 sval = cvtnum(argv[optind++]);
536 if (sval < 0) {
537 if (sval == -ERANGE) {
538 error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
539 } else {
540 error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use k, M, "
541 "G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
542 error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
543 "petabytes and exabytes.");
544 }
545 goto fail;
546 }
547 img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
548 }
549 if (optind != argc) {
550 error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
551 }
552
553 bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
554 options, img_size, flags, quiet, &local_err);
555 if (local_err) {
556 error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: ", filename);
557 goto fail;
558 }
559
560 g_free(options);
561 return 0;
562
563 fail:
564 g_free(options);
565 return 1;
566 }
567
dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck * check,bool quiet)568 static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
569 {
570 QString *str;
571 QObject *obj;
572 Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
573
574 visit_type_ImageCheck(v, NULL, &check, &error_abort);
575 visit_complete(v, &obj);
576 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
577 assert(str != NULL);
578 qprintf(quiet, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
579 qobject_unref(obj);
580 visit_free(v);
581 qobject_unref(str);
582 }
583
dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck * check,bool quiet)584 static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
585 {
586 if (!(check->corruptions || check->leaks || check->check_errors)) {
587 qprintf(quiet, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
588 } else {
589 if (check->corruptions) {
590 qprintf(quiet, "\n%" PRId64 " errors were found on the image.\n"
591 "Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
592 "may corrupt it.\n",
593 check->corruptions);
594 }
595
596 if (check->leaks) {
597 qprintf(quiet,
598 "\n%" PRId64 " leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
599 "This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
600 check->leaks);
601 }
602
603 if (check->check_errors) {
604 qprintf(quiet,
605 "\n%" PRId64
606 " internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
607 check->check_errors);
608 }
609 }
610
611 if (check->total_clusters != 0 && check->allocated_clusters != 0) {
612 qprintf(quiet, "%" PRId64 "/%" PRId64 " = %0.2f%% allocated, "
613 "%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
614 check->allocated_clusters, check->total_clusters,
615 check->allocated_clusters * 100.0 / check->total_clusters,
616 check->fragmented_clusters * 100.0 / check->allocated_clusters,
617 check->compressed_clusters * 100.0 /
618 check->allocated_clusters);
619 }
620
621 if (check->image_end_offset) {
622 qprintf(quiet,
623 "Image end offset: %" PRId64 "\n", check->image_end_offset);
624 }
625 }
626
collect_image_check(BlockDriverState * bs,ImageCheck * check,const char * filename,const char * fmt,int fix)627 static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
628 ImageCheck *check,
629 const char *filename,
630 const char *fmt,
631 int fix)
632 {
633 int ret;
634 BdrvCheckResult result;
635
636 ret = bdrv_check(bs, &result, fix);
637 if (ret < 0) {
638 return ret;
639 }
640
641 check->filename = g_strdup(filename);
642 check->format = g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs));
643 check->check_errors = result.check_errors;
644 check->corruptions = result.corruptions;
645 check->has_corruptions = result.corruptions != 0;
646 check->leaks = result.leaks;
647 check->has_leaks = result.leaks != 0;
648 check->corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed;
649 check->has_corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions != 0;
650 check->leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed;
651 check->has_leaks_fixed = result.leaks != 0;
652 check->image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset;
653 check->has_image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset != 0;
654 check->total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters;
655 check->has_total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters != 0;
656 check->allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters;
657 check->has_allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters != 0;
658 check->fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters;
659 check->has_fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters != 0;
660 check->compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters;
661 check->has_compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters != 0;
662
663 return 0;
664 }
665
666 /*
667 * Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
668 *
669 * 0 - Check completed, image is good
670 * 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
671 * 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
672 * 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
673 * 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
674 */
img_check(int argc,char ** argv)675 static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
676 {
677 int c, ret;
678 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
679 const char *filename, *fmt, *output, *cache;
680 BlockBackend *blk;
681 BlockDriverState *bs;
682 int fix = 0;
683 int flags = BDRV_O_CHECK;
684 bool writethrough;
685 ImageCheck *check;
686 bool quiet = false;
687 bool image_opts = false;
688 bool force_share = false;
689
690 fmt = NULL;
691 output = NULL;
692 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
693
694 for(;;) {
695 int option_index = 0;
696 static const struct option long_options[] = {
697 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
698 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
699 {"repair", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
700 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
701 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
702 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
703 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
704 {0, 0, 0, 0}
705 };
706 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:r:T:qU",
707 long_options, &option_index);
708 if (c == -1) {
709 break;
710 }
711 switch(c) {
712 case ':':
713 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
714 break;
715 case '?':
716 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
717 break;
718 case 'h':
719 help();
720 break;
721 case 'f':
722 fmt = optarg;
723 break;
724 case 'r':
725 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
726
727 if (!strcmp(optarg, "leaks")) {
728 fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS;
729 } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
730 fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
731 } else {
732 error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
733 "(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
734 }
735 break;
736 case OPTION_OUTPUT:
737 output = optarg;
738 break;
739 case 'T':
740 cache = optarg;
741 break;
742 case 'q':
743 quiet = true;
744 break;
745 case 'U':
746 force_share = true;
747 break;
748 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
749 QemuOpts *opts;
750 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
751 optarg, true);
752 if (!opts) {
753 return 1;
754 }
755 } break;
756 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
757 image_opts = true;
758 break;
759 }
760 }
761 if (optind != argc - 1) {
762 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
763 }
764 filename = argv[optind++];
765
766 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
767 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
768 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
769 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
770 } else if (output) {
771 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
772 return 1;
773 }
774
775 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
776 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
777 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
778 return 1;
779 }
780
781 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
782 if (ret < 0) {
783 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
784 return 1;
785 }
786
787 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
788 force_share);
789 if (!blk) {
790 return 1;
791 }
792 bs = blk_bs(blk);
793
794 check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
795 ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
796
797 if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
798 error_report("This image format does not support checks");
799 ret = 63;
800 goto fail;
801 }
802
803 if (check->corruptions_fixed || check->leaks_fixed) {
804 int corruptions_fixed, leaks_fixed;
805
806 leaks_fixed = check->leaks_fixed;
807 corruptions_fixed = check->corruptions_fixed;
808
809 if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
810 qprintf(quiet,
811 "The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
812 " %" PRId64 " leaked clusters\n"
813 " %" PRId64 " corruptions\n\n"
814 "Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
815 check->leaks_fixed,
816 check->corruptions_fixed);
817 }
818
819 ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, 0);
820
821 check->leaks_fixed = leaks_fixed;
822 check->corruptions_fixed = corruptions_fixed;
823 }
824
825 if (!ret) {
826 switch (output_format) {
827 case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
828 dump_human_image_check(check, quiet);
829 break;
830 case OFORMAT_JSON:
831 dump_json_image_check(check, quiet);
832 break;
833 }
834 }
835
836 if (ret || check->check_errors) {
837 if (ret) {
838 error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
839 } else {
840 error_report("Check failed");
841 }
842 ret = 1;
843 goto fail;
844 }
845
846 if (check->corruptions) {
847 ret = 2;
848 } else if (check->leaks) {
849 ret = 3;
850 } else {
851 ret = 0;
852 }
853
854 fail:
855 qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
856 blk_unref(blk);
857 return ret;
858 }
859
860 typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo {
861 BlockDriverState *bs;
862 Error **errp;
863 } CommonBlockJobCBInfo;
864
common_block_job_cb(void * opaque,int ret)865 static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
866 {
867 CommonBlockJobCBInfo *cbi = opaque;
868
869 if (ret < 0) {
870 error_setg_errno(cbi->errp, -ret, "Block job failed");
871 }
872 }
873
run_block_job(BlockJob * job,Error ** errp)874 static void run_block_job(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
875 {
876 AioContext *aio_context = blk_get_aio_context(job->blk);
877 int ret = 0;
878
879 aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
880 job_ref(&job->job);
881 do {
882 float progress = 0.0f;
883 aio_poll(aio_context, true);
884 if (job->job.progress.total) {
885 progress = (float)job->job.progress.current /
886 job->job.progress.total * 100.f;
887 }
888 qemu_progress_print(progress, 0);
889 } while (!job_is_ready(&job->job) && !job_is_completed(&job->job));
890
891 if (!job_is_completed(&job->job)) {
892 ret = job_complete_sync(&job->job, errp);
893 } else {
894 ret = job->job.ret;
895 }
896 job_unref(&job->job);
897 aio_context_release(aio_context);
898
899 /* publish completion progress only when success */
900 if (!ret) {
901 qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
902 }
903 }
904
img_commit(int argc,char ** argv)905 static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
906 {
907 int c, ret, flags;
908 const char *filename, *fmt, *cache, *base;
909 BlockBackend *blk;
910 BlockDriverState *bs, *base_bs;
911 BlockJob *job;
912 bool progress = false, quiet = false, drop = false;
913 bool writethrough;
914 Error *local_err = NULL;
915 CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi;
916 bool image_opts = false;
917 AioContext *aio_context;
918
919 fmt = NULL;
920 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
921 base = NULL;
922 for(;;) {
923 static const struct option long_options[] = {
924 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
925 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
926 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
927 {0, 0, 0, 0}
928 };
929 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:ht:b:dpq",
930 long_options, NULL);
931 if (c == -1) {
932 break;
933 }
934 switch(c) {
935 case ':':
936 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
937 break;
938 case '?':
939 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
940 break;
941 case 'h':
942 help();
943 break;
944 case 'f':
945 fmt = optarg;
946 break;
947 case 't':
948 cache = optarg;
949 break;
950 case 'b':
951 base = optarg;
952 /* -b implies -d */
953 drop = true;
954 break;
955 case 'd':
956 drop = true;
957 break;
958 case 'p':
959 progress = true;
960 break;
961 case 'q':
962 quiet = true;
963 break;
964 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
965 QemuOpts *opts;
966 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
967 optarg, true);
968 if (!opts) {
969 return 1;
970 }
971 } break;
972 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
973 image_opts = true;
974 break;
975 }
976 }
977
978 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
979 if (quiet) {
980 progress = false;
981 }
982
983 if (optind != argc - 1) {
984 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
985 }
986 filename = argv[optind++];
987
988 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
989 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
990 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
991 return 1;
992 }
993
994 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
995 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
996 if (ret < 0) {
997 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
998 return 1;
999 }
1000
1001 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
1002 false);
1003 if (!blk) {
1004 return 1;
1005 }
1006 bs = blk_bs(blk);
1007
1008 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.f);
1009 qemu_progress_print(0.f, 100);
1010
1011 if (base) {
1012 base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
1013 if (!base_bs) {
1014 error_setg(&local_err,
1015 "Did not find '%s' in the backing chain of '%s'",
1016 base, filename);
1017 goto done;
1018 }
1019 } else {
1020 /* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
1021 * the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
1022 * behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
1023 base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
1024 if (!base_bs) {
1025 error_setg(&local_err, "Image does not have a backing file");
1026 goto done;
1027 }
1028 }
1029
1030 cbi = (CommonBlockJobCBInfo){
1031 .errp = &local_err,
1032 .bs = bs,
1033 };
1034
1035 aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
1036 aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
1037 commit_active_start("commit", bs, base_bs, JOB_DEFAULT, 0,
1038 BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT, NULL, common_block_job_cb,
1039 &cbi, false, &local_err);
1040 aio_context_release(aio_context);
1041 if (local_err) {
1042 goto done;
1043 }
1044
1045 /* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
1046 * the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
1047 * deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
1048 * counter here preemptively. */
1049 if (!drop) {
1050 bdrv_ref(bs);
1051 }
1052
1053 job = block_job_get("commit");
1054 assert(job);
1055 run_block_job(job, &local_err);
1056 if (local_err) {
1057 goto unref_backing;
1058 }
1059
1060 if (!drop && bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty) {
1061 ret = bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty(bs);
1062 if (ret) {
1063 error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ret, "Could not empty %s",
1064 filename);
1065 goto unref_backing;
1066 }
1067 }
1068
1069 unref_backing:
1070 if (!drop) {
1071 bdrv_unref(bs);
1072 }
1073
1074 done:
1075 qemu_progress_end();
1076
1077 blk_unref(blk);
1078
1079 if (local_err) {
1080 error_report_err(local_err);
1081 return 1;
1082 }
1083
1084 qprintf(quiet, "Image committed.\n");
1085 return 0;
1086 }
1087
1088 /*
1089 * Returns -1 if 'buf' contains only zeroes, otherwise the byte index
1090 * of the first sector boundary within buf where the sector contains a
1091 * non-zero byte. This function is robust to a buffer that is not
1092 * sector-aligned.
1093 */
find_nonzero(const uint8_t * buf,int64_t n)1094 static int64_t find_nonzero(const uint8_t *buf, int64_t n)
1095 {
1096 int64_t i;
1097 int64_t end = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1098
1099 for (i = 0; i < end; i += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
1100 if (!buffer_is_zero(buf + i, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
1101 return i;
1102 }
1103 }
1104 if (i < n && !buffer_is_zero(buf + i, n - end)) {
1105 return i;
1106 }
1107 return -1;
1108 }
1109
1110 /*
1111 * Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
1112 * a non-NUL byte.
1113 *
1114 * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
1115 * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
1116 * The function will try to align the end offset to alignment boundaries so
1117 * that the request will at least end aligned and consequtive requests will
1118 * also start at an aligned offset.
1119 */
is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t * buf,int n,int * pnum,int64_t sector_num,int alignment)1120 static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
1121 int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
1122 {
1123 bool is_zero;
1124 int i, tail;
1125
1126 if (n <= 0) {
1127 *pnum = 0;
1128 return 0;
1129 }
1130 is_zero = buffer_is_zero(buf, 512);
1131 for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1132 buf += 512;
1133 if (is_zero != buffer_is_zero(buf, 512)) {
1134 break;
1135 }
1136 }
1137
1138 tail = (sector_num + i) & (alignment - 1);
1139 if (tail) {
1140 if (is_zero && i <= tail) {
1141 /* treat unallocated areas which only consist
1142 * of a small tail as allocated. */
1143 is_zero = false;
1144 }
1145 if (!is_zero) {
1146 /* align up end offset of allocated areas. */
1147 i += alignment - tail;
1148 i = MIN(i, n);
1149 } else {
1150 /* align down end offset of zero areas. */
1151 i -= tail;
1152 }
1153 }
1154 *pnum = i;
1155 return !is_zero;
1156 }
1157
1158 /*
1159 * Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
1160 * up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
1161 * breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
1162 */
is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t * buf,int n,int * pnum,int min,int64_t sector_num,int alignment)1163 static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
1164 int min, int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
1165 {
1166 int ret;
1167 int num_checked, num_used;
1168
1169 if (n < min) {
1170 min = n;
1171 }
1172
1173 ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
1174 if (!ret) {
1175 return ret;
1176 }
1177
1178 num_used = *pnum;
1179 buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
1180 n -= *pnum;
1181 sector_num += *pnum;
1182 num_checked = num_used;
1183
1184 while (n > 0) {
1185 ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
1186
1187 buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
1188 n -= *pnum;
1189 sector_num += *pnum;
1190 num_checked += *pnum;
1191 if (ret) {
1192 num_used = num_checked;
1193 } else if (*pnum >= min) {
1194 break;
1195 }
1196 }
1197
1198 *pnum = num_used;
1199 return 1;
1200 }
1201
1202 /*
1203 * Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first
1204 * sector of each buffer matches, non-zero otherwise.
1205 *
1206 * pnum is set to the sector-aligned size of the buffer prefix that
1207 * has the same matching status as the first sector.
1208 */
compare_buffers(const uint8_t * buf1,const uint8_t * buf2,int64_t bytes,int64_t * pnum)1209 static int compare_buffers(const uint8_t *buf1, const uint8_t *buf2,
1210 int64_t bytes, int64_t *pnum)
1211 {
1212 bool res;
1213 int64_t i = MIN(bytes, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1214
1215 assert(bytes > 0);
1216
1217 res = !!memcmp(buf1, buf2, i);
1218 while (i < bytes) {
1219 int64_t len = MIN(bytes - i, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1220
1221 if (!!memcmp(buf1 + i, buf2 + i, len) != res) {
1222 break;
1223 }
1224 i += len;
1225 }
1226
1227 *pnum = i;
1228 return res;
1229 }
1230
1231 #define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * MiB)
1232
1233 /*
1234 * Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
1235 *
1236 * Intended for use by 'qemu-img compare': Returns 0 in case sectors are
1237 * filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero data (this is a comparison
1238 * failure), and 4 on error (the exit status for read errors), after emitting
1239 * an error message.
1240 *
1241 * @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
1242 * @param offset: Starting offset to check
1243 * @param bytes: Number of bytes to check
1244 * @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
1245 * @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
1246 * @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
1247 */
check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend * blk,int64_t offset,int64_t bytes,const char * filename,uint8_t * buffer,bool quiet)1248 static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
1249 int64_t bytes, const char *filename,
1250 uint8_t *buffer, bool quiet)
1251 {
1252 int ret = 0;
1253 int64_t idx;
1254
1255 ret = blk_pread(blk, offset, buffer, bytes);
1256 if (ret < 0) {
1257 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s: %s",
1258 offset, filename, strerror(-ret));
1259 return 4;
1260 }
1261 idx = find_nonzero(buffer, bytes);
1262 if (idx >= 0) {
1263 qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
1264 offset + idx);
1265 return 1;
1266 }
1267
1268 return 0;
1269 }
1270
1271 /*
1272 * Compares two images. Exit codes:
1273 *
1274 * 0 - Images are identical
1275 * 1 - Images differ
1276 * >1 - Error occurred
1277 */
img_compare(int argc,char ** argv)1278 static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
1279 {
1280 const char *fmt1 = NULL, *fmt2 = NULL, *cache, *filename1, *filename2;
1281 BlockBackend *blk1, *blk2;
1282 BlockDriverState *bs1, *bs2;
1283 int64_t total_size1, total_size2;
1284 uint8_t *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
1285 int64_t pnum1, pnum2;
1286 int allocated1, allocated2;
1287 int ret = 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
1288 bool progress = false, quiet = false, strict = false;
1289 int flags;
1290 bool writethrough;
1291 int64_t total_size;
1292 int64_t offset = 0;
1293 int64_t chunk;
1294 int c;
1295 uint64_t progress_base;
1296 bool image_opts = false;
1297 bool force_share = false;
1298
1299 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
1300 for (;;) {
1301 static const struct option long_options[] = {
1302 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
1303 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
1304 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
1305 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
1306 {0, 0, 0, 0}
1307 };
1308 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:F:T:pqsU",
1309 long_options, NULL);
1310 if (c == -1) {
1311 break;
1312 }
1313 switch (c) {
1314 case ':':
1315 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
1316 break;
1317 case '?':
1318 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
1319 break;
1320 case 'h':
1321 help();
1322 break;
1323 case 'f':
1324 fmt1 = optarg;
1325 break;
1326 case 'F':
1327 fmt2 = optarg;
1328 break;
1329 case 'T':
1330 cache = optarg;
1331 break;
1332 case 'p':
1333 progress = true;
1334 break;
1335 case 'q':
1336 quiet = true;
1337 break;
1338 case 's':
1339 strict = true;
1340 break;
1341 case 'U':
1342 force_share = true;
1343 break;
1344 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
1345 QemuOpts *opts;
1346 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
1347 optarg, true);
1348 if (!opts) {
1349 ret = 2;
1350 goto out4;
1351 }
1352 } break;
1353 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
1354 image_opts = true;
1355 break;
1356 }
1357 }
1358
1359 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
1360 if (quiet) {
1361 progress = false;
1362 }
1363
1364
1365 if (optind != argc - 2) {
1366 error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
1367 }
1368 filename1 = argv[optind++];
1369 filename2 = argv[optind++];
1370
1371 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
1372 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
1373 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
1374 ret = 2;
1375 goto out4;
1376 }
1377
1378 /* Initialize before goto out */
1379 qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
1380
1381 flags = 0;
1382 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
1383 if (ret < 0) {
1384 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
1385 ret = 2;
1386 goto out3;
1387 }
1388
1389 blk1 = img_open(image_opts, filename1, fmt1, flags, writethrough, quiet,
1390 force_share);
1391 if (!blk1) {
1392 ret = 2;
1393 goto out3;
1394 }
1395
1396 blk2 = img_open(image_opts, filename2, fmt2, flags, writethrough, quiet,
1397 force_share);
1398 if (!blk2) {
1399 ret = 2;
1400 goto out2;
1401 }
1402 bs1 = blk_bs(blk1);
1403 bs2 = blk_bs(blk2);
1404
1405 buf1 = blk_blockalign(blk1, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1406 buf2 = blk_blockalign(blk2, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1407 total_size1 = blk_getlength(blk1);
1408 if (total_size1 < 0) {
1409 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1410 filename1, strerror(-total_size1));
1411 ret = 4;
1412 goto out;
1413 }
1414 total_size2 = blk_getlength(blk2);
1415 if (total_size2 < 0) {
1416 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1417 filename2, strerror(-total_size2));
1418 ret = 4;
1419 goto out;
1420 }
1421 total_size = MIN(total_size1, total_size2);
1422 progress_base = MAX(total_size1, total_size2);
1423
1424 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1425
1426 if (strict && total_size1 != total_size2) {
1427 ret = 1;
1428 qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
1429 goto out;
1430 }
1431
1432 while (offset < total_size) {
1433 int status1, status2;
1434
1435 status1 = bdrv_block_status_above(bs1, NULL, offset,
1436 total_size1 - offset, &pnum1, NULL,
1437 NULL);
1438 if (status1 < 0) {
1439 ret = 3;
1440 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1);
1441 goto out;
1442 }
1443 allocated1 = status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
1444
1445 status2 = bdrv_block_status_above(bs2, NULL, offset,
1446 total_size2 - offset, &pnum2, NULL,
1447 NULL);
1448 if (status2 < 0) {
1449 ret = 3;
1450 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2);
1451 goto out;
1452 }
1453 allocated2 = status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
1454
1455 assert(pnum1 && pnum2);
1456 chunk = MIN(pnum1, pnum2);
1457
1458 if (strict) {
1459 if (status1 != status2) {
1460 ret = 1;
1461 qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
1462 " block status mismatch!\n", offset);
1463 goto out;
1464 }
1465 }
1466 if ((status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && (status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
1467 /* nothing to do */
1468 } else if (allocated1 == allocated2) {
1469 if (allocated1) {
1470 int64_t pnum;
1471
1472 chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1473 ret = blk_pread(blk1, offset, buf1, chunk);
1474 if (ret < 0) {
1475 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1476 " of %s: %s",
1477 offset, filename1, strerror(-ret));
1478 ret = 4;
1479 goto out;
1480 }
1481 ret = blk_pread(blk2, offset, buf2, chunk);
1482 if (ret < 0) {
1483 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1484 " of %s: %s",
1485 offset, filename2, strerror(-ret));
1486 ret = 4;
1487 goto out;
1488 }
1489 ret = compare_buffers(buf1, buf2, chunk, &pnum);
1490 if (ret || pnum != chunk) {
1491 qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
1492 offset + (ret ? 0 : pnum));
1493 ret = 1;
1494 goto out;
1495 }
1496 }
1497 } else {
1498 chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1499 if (allocated1) {
1500 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk1, offset, chunk,
1501 filename1, buf1, quiet);
1502 } else {
1503 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk2, offset, chunk,
1504 filename2, buf1, quiet);
1505 }
1506 if (ret) {
1507 goto out;
1508 }
1509 }
1510 offset += chunk;
1511 qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk / progress_base) * 100, 100);
1512 }
1513
1514 if (total_size1 != total_size2) {
1515 BlockBackend *blk_over;
1516 const char *filename_over;
1517
1518 qprintf(quiet, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
1519 if (total_size1 > total_size2) {
1520 blk_over = blk1;
1521 filename_over = filename1;
1522 } else {
1523 blk_over = blk2;
1524 filename_over = filename2;
1525 }
1526
1527 while (offset < progress_base) {
1528 ret = bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(blk_over), NULL, offset,
1529 progress_base - offset, &chunk,
1530 NULL, NULL);
1531 if (ret < 0) {
1532 ret = 3;
1533 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
1534 filename_over);
1535 goto out;
1536
1537 }
1538 if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED && !(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
1539 chunk = MIN(chunk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
1540 ret = check_empty_sectors(blk_over, offset, chunk,
1541 filename_over, buf1, quiet);
1542 if (ret) {
1543 goto out;
1544 }
1545 }
1546 offset += chunk;
1547 qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk / progress_base) * 100, 100);
1548 }
1549 }
1550
1551 qprintf(quiet, "Images are identical.\n");
1552 ret = 0;
1553
1554 out:
1555 qemu_vfree(buf1);
1556 qemu_vfree(buf2);
1557 blk_unref(blk2);
1558 out2:
1559 blk_unref(blk1);
1560 out3:
1561 qemu_progress_end();
1562 out4:
1563 return ret;
1564 }
1565
1566 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus {
1567 BLK_DATA,
1568 BLK_ZERO,
1569 BLK_BACKING_FILE,
1570 };
1571
1572 #define MAX_COROUTINES 16
1573
1574 typedef struct ImgConvertState {
1575 BlockBackend **src;
1576 int64_t *src_sectors;
1577 int src_num;
1578 int64_t total_sectors;
1579 int64_t allocated_sectors;
1580 int64_t allocated_done;
1581 int64_t sector_num;
1582 int64_t wr_offs;
1583 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
1584 int64_t sector_next_status;
1585 BlockBackend *target;
1586 bool has_zero_init;
1587 bool compressed;
1588 bool unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
1589 bool target_is_new;
1590 bool target_has_backing;
1591 int64_t target_backing_sectors; /* negative if unknown */
1592 bool wr_in_order;
1593 bool copy_range;
1594 bool salvage;
1595 bool quiet;
1596 int min_sparse;
1597 int alignment;
1598 size_t cluster_sectors;
1599 size_t buf_sectors;
1600 long num_coroutines;
1601 int running_coroutines;
1602 Coroutine *co[MAX_COROUTINES];
1603 int64_t wait_sector_num[MAX_COROUTINES];
1604 CoMutex lock;
1605 int ret;
1606 } ImgConvertState;
1607
convert_select_part(ImgConvertState * s,int64_t sector_num,int * src_cur,int64_t * src_cur_offset)1608 static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
1609 int *src_cur, int64_t *src_cur_offset)
1610 {
1611 *src_cur = 0;
1612 *src_cur_offset = 0;
1613 while (sector_num - *src_cur_offset >= s->src_sectors[*src_cur]) {
1614 *src_cur_offset += s->src_sectors[*src_cur];
1615 (*src_cur)++;
1616 assert(*src_cur < s->src_num);
1617 }
1618 }
1619
convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState * s,int64_t sector_num)1620 static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
1621 {
1622 int64_t src_cur_offset;
1623 int ret, n, src_cur;
1624 bool post_backing_zero = false;
1625
1626 convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
1627
1628 assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
1629 n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
1630
1631 if (s->target_backing_sectors >= 0) {
1632 if (sector_num >= s->target_backing_sectors) {
1633 post_backing_zero = s->unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
1634 } else if (sector_num + n > s->target_backing_sectors) {
1635 /* Split requests around target_backing_sectors (because
1636 * starting from there, zeros are handled differently) */
1637 n = s->target_backing_sectors - sector_num;
1638 }
1639 }
1640
1641 if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
1642 uint64_t offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1643 int64_t count;
1644
1645 do {
1646 count = n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1647
1648 if (s->target_has_backing) {
1649 ret = bdrv_block_status(blk_bs(s->src[src_cur]), offset,
1650 count, &count, NULL, NULL);
1651 } else {
1652 ret = bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(s->src[src_cur]), NULL,
1653 offset, count, &count, NULL,
1654 NULL);
1655 }
1656
1657 if (ret < 0) {
1658 if (s->salvage) {
1659 if (n == 1) {
1660 if (!s->quiet) {
1661 warn_report("error while reading block status at "
1662 "offset %" PRIu64 ": %s", offset,
1663 strerror(-ret));
1664 }
1665 /* Just try to read the data, then */
1666 ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1667 count = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1668 } else {
1669 /* Retry on a shorter range */
1670 n = DIV_ROUND_UP(n, 4);
1671 }
1672 } else {
1673 error_report("error while reading block status at offset "
1674 "%" PRIu64 ": %s", offset, strerror(-ret));
1675 return ret;
1676 }
1677 }
1678 } while (ret < 0);
1679
1680 n = DIV_ROUND_UP(count, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1681
1682 if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
1683 s->status = post_backing_zero ? BLK_BACKING_FILE : BLK_ZERO;
1684 } else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
1685 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1686 } else {
1687 s->status = s->target_has_backing ? BLK_BACKING_FILE : BLK_DATA;
1688 }
1689
1690 s->sector_next_status = sector_num + n;
1691 }
1692
1693 n = MIN(n, s->sector_next_status - sector_num);
1694 if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
1695 n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
1696 }
1697
1698 /* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
1699 * unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
1700 * cluster allocated. */
1701 if (s->compressed) {
1702 if (n < s->cluster_sectors) {
1703 n = MIN(s->cluster_sectors, s->total_sectors - sector_num);
1704 s->status = BLK_DATA;
1705 } else {
1706 n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, s->cluster_sectors);
1707 }
1708 }
1709
1710 return n;
1711 }
1712
convert_co_read(ImgConvertState * s,int64_t sector_num,int nb_sectors,uint8_t * buf)1713 static int coroutine_fn convert_co_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
1714 int nb_sectors, uint8_t *buf)
1715 {
1716 uint64_t single_read_until = 0;
1717 int n, ret;
1718
1719 assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
1720 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1721 BlockBackend *blk;
1722 int src_cur;
1723 int64_t bs_sectors, src_cur_offset;
1724 uint64_t offset;
1725
1726 /* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
1727 * nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
1728 * read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
1729 convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
1730 blk = s->src[src_cur];
1731 bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[src_cur];
1732
1733 offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1734
1735 n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - src_cur_offset));
1736 if (single_read_until > offset) {
1737 n = 1;
1738 }
1739
1740 ret = blk_co_pread(blk, offset, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf, 0);
1741 if (ret < 0) {
1742 if (s->salvage) {
1743 if (n > 1) {
1744 single_read_until = offset + (n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1745 continue;
1746 } else {
1747 if (!s->quiet) {
1748 warn_report("error while reading offset %" PRIu64
1749 ": %s", offset, strerror(-ret));
1750 }
1751 memset(buf, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1752 }
1753 } else {
1754 return ret;
1755 }
1756 }
1757
1758 sector_num += n;
1759 nb_sectors -= n;
1760 buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1761 }
1762
1763 return 0;
1764 }
1765
1766
convert_co_write(ImgConvertState * s,int64_t sector_num,int nb_sectors,uint8_t * buf,enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status)1767 static int coroutine_fn convert_co_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
1768 int nb_sectors, uint8_t *buf,
1769 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status)
1770 {
1771 int ret;
1772
1773 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1774 int n = nb_sectors;
1775 BdrvRequestFlags flags = s->compressed ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0;
1776
1777 switch (status) {
1778 case BLK_BACKING_FILE:
1779 /* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
1780 * unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
1781 * visible at the respective offset. */
1782 assert(s->target_has_backing);
1783 break;
1784
1785 case BLK_DATA:
1786 /* If we're told to keep the target fully allocated (-S 0) or there
1787 * is real non-zero data, we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
1788 * it as zero sectors.
1789 * Compressed clusters need to be written as a whole, so in that
1790 * case we can only save the write if the buffer is completely
1791 * zeroed. */
1792 if (!s->min_sparse ||
1793 (!s->compressed &&
1794 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse,
1795 sector_num, s->alignment)) ||
1796 (s->compressed &&
1797 !buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)))
1798 {
1799 ret = blk_co_pwrite(s->target, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1800 n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, buf, flags);
1801 if (ret < 0) {
1802 return ret;
1803 }
1804 break;
1805 }
1806 /* fall-through */
1807
1808 case BLK_ZERO:
1809 if (s->has_zero_init) {
1810 assert(!s->target_has_backing);
1811 break;
1812 }
1813 ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(s->target,
1814 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1815 n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1816 BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
1817 if (ret < 0) {
1818 return ret;
1819 }
1820 break;
1821 }
1822
1823 sector_num += n;
1824 nb_sectors -= n;
1825 buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1826 }
1827
1828 return 0;
1829 }
1830
convert_co_copy_range(ImgConvertState * s,int64_t sector_num,int nb_sectors)1831 static int coroutine_fn convert_co_copy_range(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
1832 int nb_sectors)
1833 {
1834 int n, ret;
1835
1836 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1837 BlockBackend *blk;
1838 int src_cur;
1839 int64_t bs_sectors, src_cur_offset;
1840 int64_t offset;
1841
1842 convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
1843 offset = (sector_num - src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
1844 blk = s->src[src_cur];
1845 bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[src_cur];
1846
1847 n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - src_cur_offset));
1848
1849 ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, offset, s->target,
1850 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1851 n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0, 0);
1852 if (ret < 0) {
1853 return ret;
1854 }
1855
1856 sector_num += n;
1857 nb_sectors -= n;
1858 }
1859 return 0;
1860 }
1861
convert_co_do_copy(void * opaque)1862 static void coroutine_fn convert_co_do_copy(void *opaque)
1863 {
1864 ImgConvertState *s = opaque;
1865 uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1866 int ret, i;
1867 int index = -1;
1868
1869 for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
1870 if (s->co[i] == qemu_coroutine_self()) {
1871 index = i;
1872 break;
1873 }
1874 }
1875 assert(index >= 0);
1876
1877 s->running_coroutines++;
1878 buf = blk_blockalign(s->target, s->buf_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1879
1880 while (1) {
1881 int n;
1882 int64_t sector_num;
1883 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
1884 bool copy_range;
1885
1886 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1887 if (s->ret != -EINPROGRESS || s->sector_num >= s->total_sectors) {
1888 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1889 break;
1890 }
1891 n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, s->sector_num);
1892 if (n < 0) {
1893 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1894 s->ret = n;
1895 break;
1896 }
1897 /* save current sector and allocation status to local variables */
1898 sector_num = s->sector_num;
1899 status = s->status;
1900 if (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO) {
1901 n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
1902 }
1903 /* increment global sector counter so that other coroutines can
1904 * already continue reading beyond this request */
1905 s->sector_num += n;
1906 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1907
1908 if (status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && status == BLK_ZERO)) {
1909 s->allocated_done += n;
1910 qemu_progress_print(100.0 * s->allocated_done /
1911 s->allocated_sectors, 0);
1912 }
1913
1914 retry:
1915 copy_range = s->copy_range && s->status == BLK_DATA;
1916 if (status == BLK_DATA && !copy_range) {
1917 ret = convert_co_read(s, sector_num, n, buf);
1918 if (ret < 0) {
1919 error_report("error while reading sector %" PRId64
1920 ": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
1921 s->ret = ret;
1922 }
1923 } else if (!s->min_sparse && status == BLK_ZERO) {
1924 status = BLK_DATA;
1925 memset(buf, 0x00, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1926 }
1927
1928 if (s->wr_in_order) {
1929 /* keep writes in order */
1930 while (s->wr_offs != sector_num && s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1931 s->wait_sector_num[index] = sector_num;
1932 qemu_coroutine_yield();
1933 }
1934 s->wait_sector_num[index] = -1;
1935 }
1936
1937 if (s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1938 if (copy_range) {
1939 ret = convert_co_copy_range(s, sector_num, n);
1940 if (ret) {
1941 s->copy_range = false;
1942 goto retry;
1943 }
1944 } else {
1945 ret = convert_co_write(s, sector_num, n, buf, status);
1946 }
1947 if (ret < 0) {
1948 error_report("error while writing sector %" PRId64
1949 ": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
1950 s->ret = ret;
1951 }
1952 }
1953
1954 if (s->wr_in_order) {
1955 /* reenter the coroutine that might have waited
1956 * for this write to complete */
1957 s->wr_offs = sector_num + n;
1958 for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
1959 if (s->co[i] && s->wait_sector_num[i] == s->wr_offs) {
1960 /*
1961 * A -> B -> A cannot occur because A has
1962 * s->wait_sector_num[i] == -1 during A -> B. Therefore
1963 * B will never enter A during this time window.
1964 */
1965 qemu_coroutine_enter(s->co[i]);
1966 break;
1967 }
1968 }
1969 }
1970 }
1971
1972 qemu_vfree(buf);
1973 s->co[index] = NULL;
1974 s->running_coroutines--;
1975 if (!s->running_coroutines && s->ret == -EINPROGRESS) {
1976 /* the convert job finished successfully */
1977 s->ret = 0;
1978 }
1979 }
1980
convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState * s)1981 static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
1982 {
1983 int ret, i, n;
1984 int64_t sector_num = 0;
1985
1986 /* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
1987 if (s->target_is_new && s->min_sparse && !s->target_has_backing) {
1988 s->has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s->target));
1989 } else {
1990 s->has_zero_init = false;
1991 }
1992
1993 if (!s->has_zero_init && !s->target_has_backing &&
1994 bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s->target)))
1995 {
1996 ret = blk_make_zero(s->target, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP | BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK);
1997 if (ret == 0) {
1998 s->has_zero_init = true;
1999 }
2000 }
2001
2002 /* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
2003 * can be copied at a time. */
2004 if (s->compressed) {
2005 if (s->cluster_sectors <= 0 || s->cluster_sectors > s->buf_sectors) {
2006 error_report("invalid cluster size");
2007 return -EINVAL;
2008 }
2009 s->buf_sectors = s->cluster_sectors;
2010 }
2011
2012 while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
2013 n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
2014 if (n < 0) {
2015 return n;
2016 }
2017 if (s->status == BLK_DATA || (!s->min_sparse && s->status == BLK_ZERO))
2018 {
2019 s->allocated_sectors += n;
2020 }
2021 sector_num += n;
2022 }
2023
2024 /* Do the copy */
2025 s->sector_next_status = 0;
2026 s->ret = -EINPROGRESS;
2027
2028 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
2029 for (i = 0; i < s->num_coroutines; i++) {
2030 s->co[i] = qemu_coroutine_create(convert_co_do_copy, s);
2031 s->wait_sector_num[i] = -1;
2032 qemu_coroutine_enter(s->co[i]);
2033 }
2034
2035 while (s->running_coroutines) {
2036 main_loop_wait(false);
2037 }
2038
2039 if (s->compressed && !s->ret) {
2040 /* signal EOF to align */
2041 ret = blk_pwrite_compressed(s->target, 0, NULL, 0);
2042 if (ret < 0) {
2043 return ret;
2044 }
2045 }
2046
2047 return s->ret;
2048 }
2049
2050 #define MAX_BUF_SECTORS 32768
2051
img_convert(int argc,char ** argv)2052 static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
2053 {
2054 int c, bs_i, flags, src_flags = 0;
2055 const char *fmt = NULL, *out_fmt = NULL, *cache = "unsafe",
2056 *src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE, *out_baseimg = NULL,
2057 *out_filename, *out_baseimg_param, *snapshot_name = NULL;
2058 BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *proto_drv = NULL;
2059 BlockDriverInfo bdi;
2060 BlockDriverState *out_bs;
2061 QemuOpts *opts = NULL, *sn_opts = NULL;
2062 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
2063 QDict *open_opts = NULL;
2064 char *options = NULL;
2065 Error *local_err = NULL;
2066 bool writethrough, src_writethrough, image_opts = false,
2067 skip_create = false, progress = false, tgt_image_opts = false;
2068 int64_t ret = -EINVAL;
2069 bool force_share = false;
2070 bool explict_min_sparse = false;
2071
2072 ImgConvertState s = (ImgConvertState) {
2073 /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
2074 .min_sparse = 8,
2075 .copy_range = false,
2076 .buf_sectors = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2077 .wr_in_order = true,
2078 .num_coroutines = 8,
2079 };
2080
2081 for(;;) {
2082 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2083 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2084 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2085 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2086 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
2087 {"target-image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS},
2088 {"salvage", no_argument, 0, OPTION_SALVAGE},
2089 {0, 0, 0, 0}
2090 };
2091 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:B:Cco:l:S:pt:T:qnm:WU",
2092 long_options, NULL);
2093 if (c == -1) {
2094 break;
2095 }
2096 switch(c) {
2097 case ':':
2098 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
2099 break;
2100 case '?':
2101 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
2102 break;
2103 case 'h':
2104 help();
2105 break;
2106 case 'f':
2107 fmt = optarg;
2108 break;
2109 case 'O':
2110 out_fmt = optarg;
2111 break;
2112 case 'B':
2113 out_baseimg = optarg;
2114 break;
2115 case 'C':
2116 s.copy_range = true;
2117 break;
2118 case 'c':
2119 s.compressed = true;
2120 break;
2121 case 'o':
2122 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
2123 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
2124 goto fail_getopt;
2125 }
2126 if (!options) {
2127 options = g_strdup(optarg);
2128 } else {
2129 char *old_options = options;
2130 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
2131 g_free(old_options);
2132 }
2133 break;
2134 case 'l':
2135 if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
2136 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
2137 optarg, false);
2138 if (!sn_opts) {
2139 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
2140 optarg);
2141 goto fail_getopt;
2142 }
2143 } else {
2144 snapshot_name = optarg;
2145 }
2146 break;
2147 case 'S':
2148 {
2149 int64_t sval;
2150
2151 sval = cvtnum(optarg);
2152 if (sval < 0 || !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(sval, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) ||
2153 sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE > MAX_BUF_SECTORS) {
2154 error_report("Invalid buffer size for sparse output specified. "
2155 "Valid sizes are multiples of %llu up to %llu. Select "
2156 "0 to disable sparse detection (fully allocates output).",
2157 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, MAX_BUF_SECTORS * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2158 goto fail_getopt;
2159 }
2160
2161 s.min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2162 explict_min_sparse = true;
2163 break;
2164 }
2165 case 'p':
2166 progress = true;
2167 break;
2168 case 't':
2169 cache = optarg;
2170 break;
2171 case 'T':
2172 src_cache = optarg;
2173 break;
2174 case 'q':
2175 s.quiet = true;
2176 break;
2177 case 'n':
2178 skip_create = true;
2179 break;
2180 case 'm':
2181 if (qemu_strtol(optarg, NULL, 0, &s.num_coroutines) ||
2182 s.num_coroutines < 1 || s.num_coroutines > MAX_COROUTINES) {
2183 error_report("Invalid number of coroutines. Allowed number of"
2184 " coroutines is between 1 and %d", MAX_COROUTINES);
2185 goto fail_getopt;
2186 }
2187 break;
2188 case 'W':
2189 s.wr_in_order = false;
2190 break;
2191 case 'U':
2192 force_share = true;
2193 break;
2194 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2195 QemuOpts *object_opts;
2196 object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2197 optarg, true);
2198 if (!object_opts) {
2199 goto fail_getopt;
2200 }
2201 break;
2202 }
2203 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2204 image_opts = true;
2205 break;
2206 case OPTION_SALVAGE:
2207 s.salvage = true;
2208 break;
2209 case OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS:
2210 tgt_image_opts = true;
2211 break;
2212 }
2213 }
2214
2215 if (!out_fmt && !tgt_image_opts) {
2216 out_fmt = "raw";
2217 }
2218
2219 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2220 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2221 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
2222 goto fail_getopt;
2223 }
2224
2225 if (s.compressed && s.copy_range) {
2226 error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -c is used");
2227 goto fail_getopt;
2228 }
2229
2230 if (explict_min_sparse && s.copy_range) {
2231 error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -S is used");
2232 goto fail_getopt;
2233 }
2234
2235 if (s.copy_range && s.salvage) {
2236 error_report("Cannot use copy offloading in salvaging mode");
2237 goto fail_getopt;
2238 }
2239
2240 if (tgt_image_opts && !skip_create) {
2241 error_report("--target-image-opts requires use of -n flag");
2242 goto fail_getopt;
2243 }
2244
2245 if (skip_create && options) {
2246 warn_report("-o has no effect when skipping image creation");
2247 warn_report("This will become an error in future QEMU versions.");
2248 }
2249
2250 s.src_num = argc - optind - 1;
2251 out_filename = s.src_num >= 1 ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
2252
2253 if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
2254 if (out_fmt) {
2255 ret = print_block_option_help(out_filename, out_fmt);
2256 goto fail_getopt;
2257 } else {
2258 error_report("Option help requires a format be specified");
2259 goto fail_getopt;
2260 }
2261 }
2262
2263 if (s.src_num < 1) {
2264 error_report("Must specify image file name");
2265 goto fail_getopt;
2266 }
2267
2268
2269 /* ret is still -EINVAL until here */
2270 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
2271 if (ret < 0) {
2272 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
2273 goto fail_getopt;
2274 }
2275
2276 /* Initialize before goto out */
2277 if (s.quiet) {
2278 progress = false;
2279 }
2280 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
2281 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
2282
2283 s.src = g_new0(BlockBackend *, s.src_num);
2284 s.src_sectors = g_new(int64_t, s.src_num);
2285
2286 for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < s.src_num; bs_i++) {
2287 s.src[bs_i] = img_open(image_opts, argv[optind + bs_i],
2288 fmt, src_flags, src_writethrough, s.quiet,
2289 force_share);
2290 if (!s.src[bs_i]) {
2291 ret = -1;
2292 goto out;
2293 }
2294 s.src_sectors[bs_i] = blk_nb_sectors(s.src[bs_i]);
2295 if (s.src_sectors[bs_i] < 0) {
2296 error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
2297 argv[optind + bs_i], strerror(-s.src_sectors[bs_i]));
2298 ret = -1;
2299 goto out;
2300 }
2301 s.total_sectors += s.src_sectors[bs_i];
2302 }
2303
2304 if (sn_opts) {
2305 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(s.src[0]),
2306 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
2307 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
2308 &local_err);
2309 } else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
2310 if (s.src_num > 1) {
2311 error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
2312 ret = -1;
2313 goto out;
2314 }
2315
2316 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(s.src[0]), snapshot_name,
2317 &local_err);
2318 }
2319 if (local_err) {
2320 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
2321 ret = -1;
2322 goto out;
2323 }
2324
2325 if (!skip_create) {
2326 /* Find driver and parse its options */
2327 drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
2328 if (!drv) {
2329 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
2330 ret = -1;
2331 goto out;
2332 }
2333
2334 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename, true, &local_err);
2335 if (!proto_drv) {
2336 error_report_err(local_err);
2337 ret = -1;
2338 goto out;
2339 }
2340
2341 if (!drv->create_opts) {
2342 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2343 drv->format_name);
2344 ret = -1;
2345 goto out;
2346 }
2347
2348 if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
2349 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2350 proto_drv->format_name);
2351 ret = -1;
2352 goto out;
2353 }
2354
2355 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
2356 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
2357
2358 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
2359 if (options) {
2360 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
2361 if (local_err) {
2362 error_report_err(local_err);
2363 ret = -1;
2364 goto out;
2365 }
2366 }
2367
2368 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, s.total_sectors * 512,
2369 &error_abort);
2370 ret = add_old_style_options(out_fmt, opts, out_baseimg, NULL);
2371 if (ret < 0) {
2372 goto out;
2373 }
2374 }
2375
2376 /* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
2377 out_baseimg_param = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
2378 if (out_baseimg_param) {
2379 out_baseimg = out_baseimg_param;
2380 }
2381 s.target_has_backing = (bool) out_baseimg;
2382
2383 if (s.src_num > 1 && out_baseimg) {
2384 error_report("Having a backing file for the target makes no sense when "
2385 "concatenating multiple input images");
2386 ret = -1;
2387 goto out;
2388 }
2389
2390 /* Check if compression is supported */
2391 if (s.compressed) {
2392 bool encryption =
2393 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false);
2394 const char *encryptfmt =
2395 qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT);
2396 const char *preallocation =
2397 qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
2398
2399 if (drv && !block_driver_can_compress(drv)) {
2400 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2401 ret = -1;
2402 goto out;
2403 }
2404
2405 if (encryption || encryptfmt) {
2406 error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
2407 "the same time");
2408 ret = -1;
2409 goto out;
2410 }
2411
2412 if (preallocation
2413 && strcmp(preallocation, "off"))
2414 {
2415 error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
2416 "the same time");
2417 ret = -1;
2418 goto out;
2419 }
2420 }
2421
2422 /*
2423 * The later open call will need any decryption secrets, and
2424 * bdrv_create() will purge "opts", so extract them now before
2425 * they are lost.
2426 */
2427 if (!skip_create) {
2428 open_opts = qdict_new();
2429 qemu_opt_foreach(opts, img_add_key_secrets, open_opts, &error_abort);
2430 }
2431
2432 if (!skip_create) {
2433 /* Create the new image */
2434 ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
2435 if (ret < 0) {
2436 error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
2437 out_filename, out_fmt);
2438 goto out;
2439 }
2440 }
2441
2442 s.target_is_new = !skip_create;
2443
2444 flags = s.min_sparse ? (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP) : BDRV_O_RDWR;
2445 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
2446 if (ret < 0) {
2447 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
2448 goto out;
2449 }
2450
2451 if (skip_create) {
2452 s.target = img_open(tgt_image_opts, out_filename, out_fmt,
2453 flags, writethrough, s.quiet, false);
2454 } else {
2455 /* TODO ultimately we should allow --target-image-opts
2456 * to be used even when -n is not given.
2457 * That has to wait for bdrv_create to be improved
2458 * to allow filenames in option syntax
2459 */
2460 s.target = img_open_file(out_filename, open_opts, out_fmt,
2461 flags, writethrough, s.quiet, false);
2462 open_opts = NULL; /* blk_new_open will have freed it */
2463 }
2464 if (!s.target) {
2465 ret = -1;
2466 goto out;
2467 }
2468 out_bs = blk_bs(s.target);
2469
2470 if (s.compressed && !block_driver_can_compress(out_bs->drv)) {
2471 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2472 ret = -1;
2473 goto out;
2474 }
2475
2476 /* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer
2477 * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to
2478 * MAX_BUF_SECTORS as maximum which is currently 32768 (16MB). */
2479 s.buf_sectors = MIN(MAX_BUF_SECTORS,
2480 MAX(s.buf_sectors,
2481 MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2482 out_bs->bl.pdiscard_alignment >>
2483 BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)));
2484
2485 /* try to align the write requests to the destination to avoid unnecessary
2486 * RMW cycles. */
2487 s.alignment = MAX(pow2floor(s.min_sparse),
2488 DIV_ROUND_UP(out_bs->bl.request_alignment,
2489 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
2490 assert(is_power_of_2(s.alignment));
2491
2492 if (skip_create) {
2493 int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(s.target);
2494 if (output_sectors < 0) {
2495 error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
2496 strerror(-output_sectors));
2497 ret = -1;
2498 goto out;
2499 } else if (output_sectors < s.total_sectors) {
2500 error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
2501 ret = -1;
2502 goto out;
2503 }
2504 }
2505
2506 if (s.target_has_backing) {
2507 /* Errors are treated as "backing length unknown" (which means
2508 * s.target_backing_sectors has to be negative, which it will
2509 * be automatically). The backing file length is used only
2510 * for optimizations, so such a case is not fatal. */
2511 s.target_backing_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(out_bs->backing->bs);
2512 } else {
2513 s.target_backing_sectors = -1;
2514 }
2515
2516 ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
2517 if (ret < 0) {
2518 if (s.compressed) {
2519 error_report("could not get block driver info");
2520 goto out;
2521 }
2522 } else {
2523 s.compressed = s.compressed || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
2524 s.cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2525 s.unallocated_blocks_are_zero = bdi.unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
2526 }
2527
2528 ret = convert_do_copy(&s);
2529 out:
2530 if (!ret) {
2531 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
2532 }
2533 qemu_progress_end();
2534 qemu_opts_del(opts);
2535 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
2536 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
2537 qobject_unref(open_opts);
2538 blk_unref(s.target);
2539 if (s.src) {
2540 for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < s.src_num; bs_i++) {
2541 blk_unref(s.src[bs_i]);
2542 }
2543 g_free(s.src);
2544 }
2545 g_free(s.src_sectors);
2546 fail_getopt:
2547 g_free(options);
2548
2549 return !!ret;
2550 }
2551
2552
dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState * bs)2553 static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
2554 {
2555 QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
2556 int nb_sns, i;
2557
2558 nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
2559 if (nb_sns <= 0)
2560 return;
2561 printf("Snapshot list:\n");
2562 bdrv_snapshot_dump(NULL);
2563 printf("\n");
2564 for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
2565 sn = &sn_tab[i];
2566 bdrv_snapshot_dump(sn);
2567 printf("\n");
2568 }
2569 g_free(sn_tab);
2570 }
2571
dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList * list)2572 static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
2573 {
2574 QString *str;
2575 QObject *obj;
2576 Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
2577
2578 visit_type_ImageInfoList(v, NULL, &list, &error_abort);
2579 visit_complete(v, &obj);
2580 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
2581 assert(str != NULL);
2582 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
2583 qobject_unref(obj);
2584 visit_free(v);
2585 qobject_unref(str);
2586 }
2587
dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo * info)2588 static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo *info)
2589 {
2590 QString *str;
2591 QObject *obj;
2592 Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
2593
2594 visit_type_ImageInfo(v, NULL, &info, &error_abort);
2595 visit_complete(v, &obj);
2596 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
2597 assert(str != NULL);
2598 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
2599 qobject_unref(obj);
2600 visit_free(v);
2601 qobject_unref(str);
2602 }
2603
dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList * list)2604 static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
2605 {
2606 ImageInfoList *elem;
2607 bool delim = false;
2608
2609 for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next) {
2610 if (delim) {
2611 printf("\n");
2612 }
2613 delim = true;
2614
2615 bdrv_image_info_dump(elem->value);
2616 }
2617 }
2618
str_equal_func(gconstpointer a,gconstpointer b)2619 static gboolean str_equal_func(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
2620 {
2621 return strcmp(a, b) == 0;
2622 }
2623
2624 /**
2625 * Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
2626 *
2627 * @filename: topmost image filename
2628 * @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
2629 * @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
2630 * false - only topmost image file
2631 *
2632 * Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
2633 * image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
2634 * stderr.
2635 */
collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts,const char * filename,const char * fmt,bool chain,bool force_share)2636 static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts,
2637 const char *filename,
2638 const char *fmt,
2639 bool chain, bool force_share)
2640 {
2641 ImageInfoList *head = NULL;
2642 ImageInfoList **last = &head;
2643 GHashTable *filenames;
2644 Error *err = NULL;
2645
2646 filenames = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, str_equal_func, NULL, NULL);
2647
2648 while (filename) {
2649 BlockBackend *blk;
2650 BlockDriverState *bs;
2651 ImageInfo *info;
2652 ImageInfoList *elem;
2653
2654 if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames, filename, NULL, NULL)) {
2655 error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
2656 filename);
2657 goto err;
2658 }
2659 g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
2660
2661 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
2662 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_NO_IO, false, false,
2663 force_share);
2664 if (!blk) {
2665 goto err;
2666 }
2667 bs = blk_bs(blk);
2668
2669 bdrv_query_image_info(bs, &info, &err);
2670 if (err) {
2671 error_report_err(err);
2672 blk_unref(blk);
2673 goto err;
2674 }
2675
2676 elem = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
2677 elem->value = info;
2678 *last = elem;
2679 last = &elem->next;
2680
2681 blk_unref(blk);
2682
2683 filename = fmt = NULL;
2684 if (chain) {
2685 if (info->has_full_backing_filename) {
2686 filename = info->full_backing_filename;
2687 } else if (info->has_backing_filename) {
2688 error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
2689 " but backing filename '%s' present",
2690 info->backing_filename);
2691 goto err;
2692 }
2693 if (info->has_backing_filename_format) {
2694 fmt = info->backing_filename_format;
2695 }
2696 }
2697 }
2698 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
2699 return head;
2700
2701 err:
2702 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head);
2703 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
2704 return NULL;
2705 }
2706
img_info(int argc,char ** argv)2707 static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
2708 {
2709 int c;
2710 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2711 bool chain = false;
2712 const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
2713 ImageInfoList *list;
2714 bool image_opts = false;
2715 bool force_share = false;
2716
2717 fmt = NULL;
2718 output = NULL;
2719 for(;;) {
2720 int option_index = 0;
2721 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2722 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2723 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
2724 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
2725 {"backing-chain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN},
2726 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2727 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2728 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
2729 {0, 0, 0, 0}
2730 };
2731 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:hU",
2732 long_options, &option_index);
2733 if (c == -1) {
2734 break;
2735 }
2736 switch(c) {
2737 case ':':
2738 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
2739 break;
2740 case '?':
2741 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
2742 break;
2743 case 'h':
2744 help();
2745 break;
2746 case 'f':
2747 fmt = optarg;
2748 break;
2749 case 'U':
2750 force_share = true;
2751 break;
2752 case OPTION_OUTPUT:
2753 output = optarg;
2754 break;
2755 case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
2756 chain = true;
2757 break;
2758 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2759 QemuOpts *opts;
2760 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2761 optarg, true);
2762 if (!opts) {
2763 return 1;
2764 }
2765 } break;
2766 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2767 image_opts = true;
2768 break;
2769 }
2770 }
2771 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2772 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2773 }
2774 filename = argv[optind++];
2775
2776 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
2777 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
2778 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
2779 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2780 } else if (output) {
2781 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2782 return 1;
2783 }
2784
2785 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
2786 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
2787 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
2788 return 1;
2789 }
2790
2791 list = collect_image_info_list(image_opts, filename, fmt, chain,
2792 force_share);
2793 if (!list) {
2794 return 1;
2795 }
2796
2797 switch (output_format) {
2798 case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
2799 dump_human_image_info_list(list);
2800 break;
2801 case OFORMAT_JSON:
2802 if (chain) {
2803 dump_json_image_info_list(list);
2804 } else {
2805 dump_json_image_info(list->value);
2806 }
2807 break;
2808 }
2809
2810 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list);
2811 return 0;
2812 }
2813
dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format,MapEntry * e,MapEntry * next)2814 static int dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
2815 MapEntry *next)
2816 {
2817 switch (output_format) {
2818 case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
2819 if (e->data && !e->has_offset) {
2820 error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
2821 return -1;
2822 }
2823 if (e->data && !e->zero) {
2824 printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
2825 e->start, e->length,
2826 e->has_offset ? e->offset : 0,
2827 e->has_filename ? e->filename : "");
2828 }
2829 /* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
2830 * Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
2831 */
2832 if (next && (!next->data || next->zero)) {
2833 next->data = false;
2834 next->zero = true;
2835 }
2836 break;
2837 case OFORMAT_JSON:
2838 printf("%s{ \"start\": %"PRId64", \"length\": %"PRId64","
2839 " \"depth\": %"PRId64", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
2840 (e->start == 0 ? "[" : ",\n"),
2841 e->start, e->length, e->depth,
2842 e->zero ? "true" : "false",
2843 e->data ? "true" : "false");
2844 if (e->has_offset) {
2845 printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64"", e->offset);
2846 }
2847 putchar('}');
2848
2849 if (!next) {
2850 printf("]\n");
2851 }
2852 break;
2853 }
2854 return 0;
2855 }
2856
get_block_status(BlockDriverState * bs,int64_t offset,int64_t bytes,MapEntry * e)2857 static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
2858 int64_t bytes, MapEntry *e)
2859 {
2860 int ret;
2861 int depth;
2862 BlockDriverState *file;
2863 bool has_offset;
2864 int64_t map;
2865 char *filename = NULL;
2866
2867 /* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
2868 * clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
2869 * range repeatedly.
2870 */
2871
2872 depth = 0;
2873 for (;;) {
2874 ret = bdrv_block_status(bs, offset, bytes, &bytes, &map, &file);
2875 if (ret < 0) {
2876 return ret;
2877 }
2878 assert(bytes);
2879 if (ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
2880 break;
2881 }
2882 bs = backing_bs(bs);
2883 if (bs == NULL) {
2884 ret = 0;
2885 break;
2886 }
2887
2888 depth++;
2889 }
2890
2891 has_offset = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID);
2892
2893 if (file && has_offset) {
2894 bdrv_refresh_filename(file);
2895 filename = file->filename;
2896 }
2897
2898 *e = (MapEntry) {
2899 .start = offset,
2900 .length = bytes,
2901 .data = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA),
2902 .zero = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO),
2903 .offset = map,
2904 .has_offset = has_offset,
2905 .depth = depth,
2906 .has_filename = filename,
2907 .filename = filename,
2908 };
2909
2910 return 0;
2911 }
2912
entry_mergeable(const MapEntry * curr,const MapEntry * next)2913 static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry *curr, const MapEntry *next)
2914 {
2915 if (curr->length == 0) {
2916 return false;
2917 }
2918 if (curr->zero != next->zero ||
2919 curr->data != next->data ||
2920 curr->depth != next->depth ||
2921 curr->has_filename != next->has_filename ||
2922 curr->has_offset != next->has_offset) {
2923 return false;
2924 }
2925 if (curr->has_filename && strcmp(curr->filename, next->filename)) {
2926 return false;
2927 }
2928 if (curr->has_offset && curr->offset + curr->length != next->offset) {
2929 return false;
2930 }
2931 return true;
2932 }
2933
img_map(int argc,char ** argv)2934 static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
2935 {
2936 int c;
2937 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
2938 BlockBackend *blk;
2939 BlockDriverState *bs;
2940 const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
2941 int64_t length;
2942 MapEntry curr = { .length = 0 }, next;
2943 int ret = 0;
2944 bool image_opts = false;
2945 bool force_share = false;
2946
2947 fmt = NULL;
2948 output = NULL;
2949 for (;;) {
2950 int option_index = 0;
2951 static const struct option long_options[] = {
2952 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
2953 {"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
2954 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
2955 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
2956 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
2957 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
2958 {0, 0, 0, 0}
2959 };
2960 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:hU",
2961 long_options, &option_index);
2962 if (c == -1) {
2963 break;
2964 }
2965 switch (c) {
2966 case ':':
2967 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
2968 break;
2969 case '?':
2970 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
2971 break;
2972 case 'h':
2973 help();
2974 break;
2975 case 'f':
2976 fmt = optarg;
2977 break;
2978 case 'U':
2979 force_share = true;
2980 break;
2981 case OPTION_OUTPUT:
2982 output = optarg;
2983 break;
2984 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
2985 QemuOpts *opts;
2986 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
2987 optarg, true);
2988 if (!opts) {
2989 return 1;
2990 }
2991 } break;
2992 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
2993 image_opts = true;
2994 break;
2995 }
2996 }
2997 if (optind != argc - 1) {
2998 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2999 }
3000 filename = argv[optind];
3001
3002 if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
3003 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
3004 } else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
3005 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
3006 } else if (output) {
3007 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
3008 return 1;
3009 }
3010
3011 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3012 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3013 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
3014 return 1;
3015 }
3016
3017 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0, false, false, force_share);
3018 if (!blk) {
3019 return 1;
3020 }
3021 bs = blk_bs(blk);
3022
3023 if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
3024 printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
3025 }
3026
3027 length = blk_getlength(blk);
3028 while (curr.start + curr.length < length) {
3029 int64_t offset = curr.start + curr.length;
3030 int64_t n;
3031
3032 /* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
3033 n = MIN(1 * GiB, length - offset);
3034 ret = get_block_status(bs, offset, n, &next);
3035
3036 if (ret < 0) {
3037 error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret));
3038 goto out;
3039 }
3040
3041 if (entry_mergeable(&curr, &next)) {
3042 curr.length += next.length;
3043 continue;
3044 }
3045
3046 if (curr.length > 0) {
3047 ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
3048 if (ret < 0) {
3049 goto out;
3050 }
3051 }
3052 curr = next;
3053 }
3054
3055 ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
3056
3057 out:
3058 blk_unref(blk);
3059 return ret < 0;
3060 }
3061
3062 #define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
3063 #define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
3064 #define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
3065 #define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
3066
img_snapshot(int argc,char ** argv)3067 static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
3068 {
3069 BlockBackend *blk;
3070 BlockDriverState *bs;
3071 QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
3072 char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
3073 int c, ret = 0, bdrv_oflags;
3074 int action = 0;
3075 qemu_timeval tv;
3076 bool quiet = false;
3077 Error *err = NULL;
3078 bool image_opts = false;
3079 bool force_share = false;
3080
3081 bdrv_oflags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
3082 /* Parse commandline parameters */
3083 for(;;) {
3084 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3085 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3086 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3087 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3088 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
3089 {0, 0, 0, 0}
3090 };
3091 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":la:c:d:hqU",
3092 long_options, NULL);
3093 if (c == -1) {
3094 break;
3095 }
3096 switch(c) {
3097 case ':':
3098 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
3099 break;
3100 case '?':
3101 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
3102 break;
3103 case 'h':
3104 help();
3105 return 0;
3106 case 'l':
3107 if (action) {
3108 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3109 return 0;
3110 }
3111 action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
3112 bdrv_oflags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR; /* no need for RW */
3113 break;
3114 case 'a':
3115 if (action) {
3116 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3117 return 0;
3118 }
3119 action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
3120 snapshot_name = optarg;
3121 break;
3122 case 'c':
3123 if (action) {
3124 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3125 return 0;
3126 }
3127 action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
3128 snapshot_name = optarg;
3129 break;
3130 case 'd':
3131 if (action) {
3132 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3133 return 0;
3134 }
3135 action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
3136 snapshot_name = optarg;
3137 break;
3138 case 'q':
3139 quiet = true;
3140 break;
3141 case 'U':
3142 force_share = true;
3143 break;
3144 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
3145 QemuOpts *opts;
3146 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3147 optarg, true);
3148 if (!opts) {
3149 return 1;
3150 }
3151 } break;
3152 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3153 image_opts = true;
3154 break;
3155 }
3156 }
3157
3158 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3159 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3160 }
3161 filename = argv[optind++];
3162
3163 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3164 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3165 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
3166 return 1;
3167 }
3168
3169 /* Open the image */
3170 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, false, quiet,
3171 force_share);
3172 if (!blk) {
3173 return 1;
3174 }
3175 bs = blk_bs(blk);
3176
3177 /* Perform the requested action */
3178 switch(action) {
3179 case SNAPSHOT_LIST:
3180 dump_snapshots(bs);
3181 break;
3182
3183 case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
3184 memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
3185 pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
3186
3187 qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
3188 sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
3189 sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
3190
3191 ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
3192 if (ret) {
3193 error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
3194 snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
3195 }
3196 break;
3197
3198 case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
3199 ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
3200 if (ret) {
3201 error_reportf_err(err, "Could not apply snapshot '%s': ",
3202 snapshot_name);
3203 }
3204 break;
3205
3206 case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
3207 ret = bdrv_snapshot_find(bs, &sn, snapshot_name);
3208 if (ret < 0) {
3209 error_report("Could not delete snapshot '%s': snapshot not "
3210 "found", snapshot_name);
3211 ret = 1;
3212 } else {
3213 ret = bdrv_snapshot_delete(bs, sn.id_str, sn.name, &err);
3214 if (ret < 0) {
3215 error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
3216 snapshot_name);
3217 ret = 1;
3218 }
3219 }
3220 break;
3221 }
3222
3223 /* Cleanup */
3224 blk_unref(blk);
3225 if (ret) {
3226 return 1;
3227 }
3228 return 0;
3229 }
3230
img_rebase(int argc,char ** argv)3231 static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
3232 {
3233 BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *blk_old_backing = NULL, *blk_new_backing = NULL;
3234 uint8_t *buf_old = NULL;
3235 uint8_t *buf_new = NULL;
3236 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL, *prefix_chain_bs = NULL;
3237 char *filename;
3238 const char *fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_basefmt, *out_baseimg;
3239 int c, flags, src_flags, ret;
3240 bool writethrough, src_writethrough;
3241 int unsafe = 0;
3242 bool force_share = false;
3243 int progress = 0;
3244 bool quiet = false;
3245 Error *local_err = NULL;
3246 bool image_opts = false;
3247
3248 /* Parse commandline parameters */
3249 fmt = NULL;
3250 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
3251 src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
3252 out_baseimg = NULL;
3253 out_basefmt = NULL;
3254 for(;;) {
3255 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3256 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3257 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3258 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3259 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
3260 {0, 0, 0, 0}
3261 };
3262 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:F:b:upt:T:qU",
3263 long_options, NULL);
3264 if (c == -1) {
3265 break;
3266 }
3267 switch(c) {
3268 case ':':
3269 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
3270 break;
3271 case '?':
3272 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
3273 break;
3274 case 'h':
3275 help();
3276 return 0;
3277 case 'f':
3278 fmt = optarg;
3279 break;
3280 case 'F':
3281 out_basefmt = optarg;
3282 break;
3283 case 'b':
3284 out_baseimg = optarg;
3285 break;
3286 case 'u':
3287 unsafe = 1;
3288 break;
3289 case 'p':
3290 progress = 1;
3291 break;
3292 case 't':
3293 cache = optarg;
3294 break;
3295 case 'T':
3296 src_cache = optarg;
3297 break;
3298 case 'q':
3299 quiet = true;
3300 break;
3301 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
3302 QemuOpts *opts;
3303 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3304 optarg, true);
3305 if (!opts) {
3306 return 1;
3307 }
3308 } break;
3309 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3310 image_opts = true;
3311 break;
3312 case 'U':
3313 force_share = true;
3314 break;
3315 }
3316 }
3317
3318 if (quiet) {
3319 progress = 0;
3320 }
3321
3322 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3323 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3324 }
3325 if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
3326 error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
3327 }
3328 filename = argv[optind++];
3329
3330 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3331 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3332 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
3333 return 1;
3334 }
3335
3336 qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
3337 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
3338
3339 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | (unsafe ? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING : 0);
3340 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
3341 if (ret < 0) {
3342 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
3343 goto out;
3344 }
3345
3346 src_flags = 0;
3347 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache, &src_flags, &src_writethrough);
3348 if (ret < 0) {
3349 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
3350 goto out;
3351 }
3352
3353 /* The source files are opened read-only, don't care about WCE */
3354 assert((src_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) == 0);
3355 (void) src_writethrough;
3356
3357 /*
3358 * Open the images.
3359 *
3360 * Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
3361 * the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
3362 */
3363 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
3364 false);
3365 if (!blk) {
3366 ret = -1;
3367 goto out;
3368 }
3369 bs = blk_bs(blk);
3370
3371 if (out_basefmt != NULL) {
3372 if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt) == NULL) {
3373 error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt);
3374 ret = -1;
3375 goto out;
3376 }
3377 }
3378
3379 /* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
3380 if (!unsafe) {
3381 QDict *options = NULL;
3382 BlockDriverState *base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
3383
3384 if (base_bs) {
3385 blk_old_backing = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
3386 BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
3387 BLK_PERM_ALL);
3388 ret = blk_insert_bs(blk_old_backing, base_bs,
3389 &local_err);
3390 if (ret < 0) {
3391 error_reportf_err(local_err,
3392 "Could not reuse old backing file '%s': ",
3393 base_bs->filename);
3394 goto out;
3395 }
3396 } else {
3397 blk_old_backing = NULL;
3398 }
3399
3400 if (out_baseimg[0]) {
3401 const char *overlay_filename;
3402 char *out_real_path;
3403
3404 options = qdict_new();
3405 if (out_basefmt) {
3406 qdict_put_str(options, "driver", out_basefmt);
3407 }
3408 if (force_share) {
3409 qdict_put_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
3410 }
3411
3412 bdrv_refresh_filename(bs);
3413 overlay_filename = bs->exact_filename[0] ? bs->exact_filename
3414 : bs->filename;
3415 out_real_path =
3416 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(overlay_filename,
3417 out_baseimg,
3418 &local_err);
3419 if (local_err) {
3420 qobject_unref(options);
3421 error_reportf_err(local_err,
3422 "Could not resolve backing filename: ");
3423 ret = -1;
3424 goto out;
3425 }
3426
3427 /*
3428 * Find out whether we rebase an image on top of a previous image
3429 * in its chain.
3430 */
3431 prefix_chain_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, out_real_path);
3432 if (prefix_chain_bs) {
3433 qobject_unref(options);
3434 g_free(out_real_path);
3435
3436 blk_new_backing = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
3437 BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
3438 BLK_PERM_ALL);
3439 ret = blk_insert_bs(blk_new_backing, prefix_chain_bs,
3440 &local_err);
3441 if (ret < 0) {
3442 error_reportf_err(local_err,
3443 "Could not reuse backing file '%s': ",
3444 out_baseimg);
3445 goto out;
3446 }
3447 } else {
3448 blk_new_backing = blk_new_open(out_real_path, NULL,
3449 options, src_flags, &local_err);
3450 g_free(out_real_path);
3451 if (!blk_new_backing) {
3452 error_reportf_err(local_err,
3453 "Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
3454 out_baseimg);
3455 ret = -1;
3456 goto out;
3457 }
3458 }
3459 }
3460 }
3461
3462 /*
3463 * Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
3464 * accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
3465 * in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
3466 * from the old backing file into the COW file.
3467 *
3468 * If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
3469 * the image is the same as the original one at any time.
3470 */
3471 if (!unsafe) {
3472 int64_t size;
3473 int64_t old_backing_size = 0;
3474 int64_t new_backing_size = 0;
3475 uint64_t offset;
3476 int64_t n;
3477 float local_progress = 0;
3478
3479 buf_old = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
3480 buf_new = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
3481
3482 size = blk_getlength(blk);
3483 if (size < 0) {
3484 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3485 filename, strerror(-size));
3486 ret = -1;
3487 goto out;
3488 }
3489 if (blk_old_backing) {
3490 old_backing_size = blk_getlength(blk_old_backing);
3491 if (old_backing_size < 0) {
3492 char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
3493
3494 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name,
3495 sizeof(backing_name));
3496 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3497 backing_name, strerror(-old_backing_size));
3498 ret = -1;
3499 goto out;
3500 }
3501 }
3502 if (blk_new_backing) {
3503 new_backing_size = blk_getlength(blk_new_backing);
3504 if (new_backing_size < 0) {
3505 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3506 out_baseimg, strerror(-new_backing_size));
3507 ret = -1;
3508 goto out;
3509 }
3510 }
3511
3512 if (size != 0) {
3513 local_progress = (float)100 / (size / MIN(size, IO_BUF_SIZE));
3514 }
3515
3516 for (offset = 0; offset < size; offset += n) {
3517 bool buf_old_is_zero = false;
3518
3519 /* How many bytes can we handle with the next read? */
3520 n = MIN(IO_BUF_SIZE, size - offset);
3521
3522 /* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
3523 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, n, &n);
3524 if (ret < 0) {
3525 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3526 strerror(-ret));
3527 goto out;
3528 }
3529 if (ret) {
3530 continue;
3531 }
3532
3533 if (prefix_chain_bs) {
3534 /*
3535 * If cluster wasn't changed since prefix_chain, we don't need
3536 * to take action
3537 */
3538 ret = bdrv_is_allocated_above(backing_bs(bs), prefix_chain_bs,
3539 false, offset, n, &n);
3540 if (ret < 0) {
3541 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3542 strerror(-ret));
3543 goto out;
3544 }
3545 if (!ret) {
3546 continue;
3547 }
3548 }
3549
3550 /*
3551 * Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
3552 * backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
3553 */
3554 if (offset >= old_backing_size) {
3555 memset(buf_old, 0, n);
3556 buf_old_is_zero = true;
3557 } else {
3558 if (offset + n > old_backing_size) {
3559 n = old_backing_size - offset;
3560 }
3561
3562 ret = blk_pread(blk_old_backing, offset, buf_old, n);
3563 if (ret < 0) {
3564 error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
3565 goto out;
3566 }
3567 }
3568
3569 if (offset >= new_backing_size || !blk_new_backing) {
3570 memset(buf_new, 0, n);
3571 } else {
3572 if (offset + n > new_backing_size) {
3573 n = new_backing_size - offset;
3574 }
3575
3576 ret = blk_pread(blk_new_backing, offset, buf_new, n);
3577 if (ret < 0) {
3578 error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
3579 goto out;
3580 }
3581 }
3582
3583 /* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
3584 uint64_t written = 0;
3585
3586 while (written < n) {
3587 int64_t pnum;
3588
3589 if (compare_buffers(buf_old + written, buf_new + written,
3590 n - written, &pnum))
3591 {
3592 if (buf_old_is_zero) {
3593 ret = blk_pwrite_zeroes(blk, offset + written, pnum, 0);
3594 } else {
3595 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, offset + written,
3596 buf_old + written, pnum, 0);
3597 }
3598 if (ret < 0) {
3599 error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
3600 strerror(-ret));
3601 goto out;
3602 }
3603 }
3604
3605 written += pnum;
3606 }
3607 qemu_progress_print(local_progress, 100);
3608 }
3609 }
3610
3611 /*
3612 * Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
3613 * backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
3614 * doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
3615 */
3616 if (out_baseimg && *out_baseimg) {
3617 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, out_baseimg, out_basefmt);
3618 } else {
3619 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, NULL, NULL);
3620 }
3621
3622 if (ret == -ENOSPC) {
3623 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
3624 "space left in the file header", out_baseimg);
3625 } else if (ret < 0) {
3626 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
3627 out_baseimg, strerror(-ret));
3628 }
3629
3630 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
3631 /*
3632 * TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
3633 * allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
3634 * could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
3635 * backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
3636 */
3637 out:
3638 qemu_progress_end();
3639 /* Cleanup */
3640 if (!unsafe) {
3641 blk_unref(blk_old_backing);
3642 blk_unref(blk_new_backing);
3643 }
3644 qemu_vfree(buf_old);
3645 qemu_vfree(buf_new);
3646
3647 blk_unref(blk);
3648 if (ret) {
3649 return 1;
3650 }
3651 return 0;
3652 }
3653
img_resize(int argc,char ** argv)3654 static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
3655 {
3656 Error *err = NULL;
3657 int c, ret, relative;
3658 const char *filename, *fmt, *size;
3659 int64_t n, total_size, current_size;
3660 bool quiet = false;
3661 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
3662 PreallocMode prealloc = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
3663 QemuOpts *param;
3664
3665 static QemuOptsList resize_options = {
3666 .name = "resize_options",
3667 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options.head),
3668 .desc = {
3669 {
3670 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
3671 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
3672 .help = "Virtual disk size"
3673 }, {
3674 /* end of list */
3675 }
3676 },
3677 };
3678 bool image_opts = false;
3679 bool shrink = false;
3680
3681 /* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
3682 * as options by getopt. */
3683 if (argc < 3) {
3684 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
3685 return 1;
3686 }
3687
3688 size = argv[--argc];
3689
3690 /* Parse getopt arguments */
3691 fmt = NULL;
3692 for(;;) {
3693 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3694 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3695 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3696 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3697 {"preallocation", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PREALLOCATION},
3698 {"shrink", no_argument, 0, OPTION_SHRINK},
3699 {0, 0, 0, 0}
3700 };
3701 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":f:hq",
3702 long_options, NULL);
3703 if (c == -1) {
3704 break;
3705 }
3706 switch(c) {
3707 case ':':
3708 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
3709 break;
3710 case '?':
3711 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
3712 break;
3713 case 'h':
3714 help();
3715 break;
3716 case 'f':
3717 fmt = optarg;
3718 break;
3719 case 'q':
3720 quiet = true;
3721 break;
3722 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
3723 QemuOpts *opts;
3724 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3725 optarg, true);
3726 if (!opts) {
3727 return 1;
3728 }
3729 } break;
3730 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3731 image_opts = true;
3732 break;
3733 case OPTION_PREALLOCATION:
3734 prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup, optarg,
3735 PREALLOC_MODE__MAX, NULL);
3736 if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE__MAX) {
3737 error_report("Invalid preallocation mode '%s'", optarg);
3738 return 1;
3739 }
3740 break;
3741 case OPTION_SHRINK:
3742 shrink = true;
3743 break;
3744 }
3745 }
3746 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3747 error_exit("Expecting image file name and size");
3748 }
3749 filename = argv[optind++];
3750
3751 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3752 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3753 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
3754 return 1;
3755 }
3756
3757 /* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
3758 switch (size[0]) {
3759 case '+':
3760 relative = 1;
3761 size++;
3762 break;
3763 case '-':
3764 relative = -1;
3765 size++;
3766 break;
3767 default:
3768 relative = 0;
3769 break;
3770 }
3771
3772 /* Parse size */
3773 param = qemu_opts_create(&resize_options, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
3774 qemu_opt_set(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &err);
3775 if (err) {
3776 error_report_err(err);
3777 ret = -1;
3778 qemu_opts_del(param);
3779 goto out;
3780 }
3781 n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
3782 qemu_opts_del(param);
3783
3784 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt,
3785 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE, false, quiet,
3786 false);
3787 if (!blk) {
3788 ret = -1;
3789 goto out;
3790 }
3791
3792 current_size = blk_getlength(blk);
3793 if (current_size < 0) {
3794 error_report("Failed to inquire current image length: %s",
3795 strerror(-current_size));
3796 ret = -1;
3797 goto out;
3798 }
3799
3800 if (relative) {
3801 total_size = current_size + n * relative;
3802 } else {
3803 total_size = n;
3804 }
3805 if (total_size <= 0) {
3806 error_report("New image size must be positive");
3807 ret = -1;
3808 goto out;
3809 }
3810
3811 if (total_size <= current_size && prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
3812 error_report("Preallocation can only be used for growing images");
3813 ret = -1;
3814 goto out;
3815 }
3816
3817 if (total_size < current_size && !shrink) {
3818 warn_report("Shrinking an image will delete all data beyond the "
3819 "shrunken image's end. Before performing such an "
3820 "operation, make sure there is no important data there.");
3821
3822 if (g_strcmp0(bdrv_get_format_name(blk_bs(blk)), "raw") != 0) {
3823 error_report(
3824 "Use the --shrink option to perform a shrink operation.");
3825 ret = -1;
3826 goto out;
3827 } else {
3828 warn_report("Using the --shrink option will suppress this message. "
3829 "Note that future versions of qemu-img may refuse to "
3830 "shrink images without this option.");
3831 }
3832 }
3833
3834 /*
3835 * The user expects the image to have the desired size after
3836 * resizing, so pass @exact=true. It is of no use to report
3837 * success when the image has not actually been resized.
3838 */
3839 ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size, true, prealloc, &err);
3840 if (!ret) {
3841 qprintf(quiet, "Image resized.\n");
3842 } else {
3843 error_report_err(err);
3844 }
3845 out:
3846 blk_unref(blk);
3847 if (ret) {
3848 return 1;
3849 }
3850 return 0;
3851 }
3852
amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState * bs,int64_t offset,int64_t total_work_size,void * opaque)3853 static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
3854 int64_t offset, int64_t total_work_size,
3855 void *opaque)
3856 {
3857 qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
3858 }
3859
print_amend_option_help(const char * format)3860 static int print_amend_option_help(const char *format)
3861 {
3862 BlockDriver *drv;
3863
3864 /* Find driver and parse its options */
3865 drv = bdrv_find_format(format);
3866 if (!drv) {
3867 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", format);
3868 return 1;
3869 }
3870
3871 if (!drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
3872 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
3873 format);
3874 return 1;
3875 }
3876
3877 /* Every driver supporting amendment must have create_opts */
3878 assert(drv->create_opts);
3879
3880 printf("Creation options for '%s':\n", format);
3881 qemu_opts_print_help(drv->create_opts, false);
3882 printf("\nNote that not all of these options may be amendable.\n");
3883 return 0;
3884 }
3885
img_amend(int argc,char ** argv)3886 static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
3887 {
3888 Error *err = NULL;
3889 int c, ret = 0;
3890 char *options = NULL;
3891 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
3892 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
3893 const char *fmt = NULL, *filename, *cache;
3894 int flags;
3895 bool writethrough;
3896 bool quiet = false, progress = false;
3897 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
3898 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
3899 bool image_opts = false;
3900
3901 cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
3902 for (;;) {
3903 static const struct option long_options[] = {
3904 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
3905 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
3906 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
3907 {0, 0, 0, 0}
3908 };
3909 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":ho:f:t:pq",
3910 long_options, NULL);
3911 if (c == -1) {
3912 break;
3913 }
3914
3915 switch (c) {
3916 case ':':
3917 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
3918 break;
3919 case '?':
3920 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
3921 break;
3922 case 'h':
3923 help();
3924 break;
3925 case 'o':
3926 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
3927 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
3928 ret = -1;
3929 goto out_no_progress;
3930 }
3931 if (!options) {
3932 options = g_strdup(optarg);
3933 } else {
3934 char *old_options = options;
3935 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
3936 g_free(old_options);
3937 }
3938 break;
3939 case 'f':
3940 fmt = optarg;
3941 break;
3942 case 't':
3943 cache = optarg;
3944 break;
3945 case 'p':
3946 progress = true;
3947 break;
3948 case 'q':
3949 quiet = true;
3950 break;
3951 case OPTION_OBJECT:
3952 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
3953 optarg, true);
3954 if (!opts) {
3955 ret = -1;
3956 goto out_no_progress;
3957 }
3958 break;
3959 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
3960 image_opts = true;
3961 break;
3962 }
3963 }
3964
3965 if (!options) {
3966 error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
3967 }
3968
3969 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
3970 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
3971 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
3972 ret = -1;
3973 goto out_no_progress;
3974 }
3975
3976 if (quiet) {
3977 progress = false;
3978 }
3979 qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
3980
3981 filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
3982 if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
3983 /* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
3984 * given), print option help here */
3985 ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
3986 goto out;
3987 }
3988
3989 if (optind != argc - 1) {
3990 error_report("Expecting one image file name");
3991 ret = -1;
3992 goto out;
3993 }
3994
3995 flags = BDRV_O_RDWR;
3996 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
3997 if (ret < 0) {
3998 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
3999 goto out;
4000 }
4001
4002 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
4003 false);
4004 if (!blk) {
4005 ret = -1;
4006 goto out;
4007 }
4008 bs = blk_bs(blk);
4009
4010 fmt = bs->drv->format_name;
4011
4012 if (has_help_option(options)) {
4013 /* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
4014 ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
4015 goto out;
4016 }
4017
4018 if (!bs->drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
4019 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
4020 fmt);
4021 ret = -1;
4022 goto out;
4023 }
4024
4025 /* Every driver supporting amendment must have create_opts */
4026 assert(bs->drv->create_opts);
4027
4028 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
4029 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
4030 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err);
4031 if (err) {
4032 error_report_err(err);
4033 ret = -1;
4034 goto out;
4035 }
4036
4037 /* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
4038 qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
4039 ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL, &err);
4040 qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
4041 if (ret < 0) {
4042 error_report_err(err);
4043 goto out;
4044 }
4045
4046 out:
4047 qemu_progress_end();
4048
4049 out_no_progress:
4050 blk_unref(blk);
4051 qemu_opts_del(opts);
4052 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
4053 g_free(options);
4054
4055 if (ret) {
4056 return 1;
4057 }
4058 return 0;
4059 }
4060
4061 typedef struct BenchData {
4062 BlockBackend *blk;
4063 uint64_t image_size;
4064 bool write;
4065 int bufsize;
4066 int step;
4067 int nrreq;
4068 int n;
4069 int flush_interval;
4070 bool drain_on_flush;
4071 uint8_t *buf;
4072 QEMUIOVector *qiov;
4073
4074 int in_flight;
4075 bool in_flush;
4076 uint64_t offset;
4077 } BenchData;
4078
bench_undrained_flush_cb(void * opaque,int ret)4079 static void bench_undrained_flush_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
4080 {
4081 if (ret < 0) {
4082 error_report("Failed flush request: %s", strerror(-ret));
4083 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4084 }
4085 }
4086
bench_cb(void * opaque,int ret)4087 static void bench_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
4088 {
4089 BenchData *b = opaque;
4090 BlockAIOCB *acb;
4091
4092 if (ret < 0) {
4093 error_report("Failed request: %s", strerror(-ret));
4094 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4095 }
4096
4097 if (b->in_flush) {
4098 /* Just finished a flush with drained queue: Start next requests */
4099 assert(b->in_flight == 0);
4100 b->in_flush = false;
4101 } else if (b->in_flight > 0) {
4102 int remaining = b->n - b->in_flight;
4103
4104 b->n--;
4105 b->in_flight--;
4106
4107 /* Time for flush? Drain queue if requested, then flush */
4108 if (b->flush_interval && remaining % b->flush_interval == 0) {
4109 if (!b->in_flight || !b->drain_on_flush) {
4110 BlockCompletionFunc *cb;
4111
4112 if (b->drain_on_flush) {
4113 b->in_flush = true;
4114 cb = bench_cb;
4115 } else {
4116 cb = bench_undrained_flush_cb;
4117 }
4118
4119 acb = blk_aio_flush(b->blk, cb, b);
4120 if (!acb) {
4121 error_report("Failed to issue flush request");
4122 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4123 }
4124 }
4125 if (b->drain_on_flush) {
4126 return;
4127 }
4128 }
4129 }
4130
4131 while (b->n > b->in_flight && b->in_flight < b->nrreq) {
4132 int64_t offset = b->offset;
4133 /* blk_aio_* might look for completed I/Os and kick bench_cb
4134 * again, so make sure this operation is counted by in_flight
4135 * and b->offset is ready for the next submission.
4136 */
4137 b->in_flight++;
4138 b->offset += b->step;
4139 b->offset %= b->image_size;
4140 if (b->write) {
4141 acb = blk_aio_pwritev(b->blk, offset, b->qiov, 0, bench_cb, b);
4142 } else {
4143 acb = blk_aio_preadv(b->blk, offset, b->qiov, 0, bench_cb, b);
4144 }
4145 if (!acb) {
4146 error_report("Failed to issue request");
4147 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4148 }
4149 }
4150 }
4151
img_bench(int argc,char ** argv)4152 static int img_bench(int argc, char **argv)
4153 {
4154 int c, ret = 0;
4155 const char *fmt = NULL, *filename;
4156 bool quiet = false;
4157 bool image_opts = false;
4158 bool is_write = false;
4159 int count = 75000;
4160 int depth = 64;
4161 int64_t offset = 0;
4162 size_t bufsize = 4096;
4163 int pattern = 0;
4164 size_t step = 0;
4165 int flush_interval = 0;
4166 bool drain_on_flush = true;
4167 int64_t image_size;
4168 BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
4169 BenchData data = {};
4170 int flags = 0;
4171 bool writethrough = false;
4172 struct timeval t1, t2;
4173 int i;
4174 bool force_share = false;
4175 size_t buf_size;
4176
4177 for (;;) {
4178 static const struct option long_options[] = {
4179 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
4180 {"flush-interval", required_argument, 0, OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL},
4181 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
4182 {"pattern", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PATTERN},
4183 {"no-drain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_DRAIN},
4184 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
4185 {0, 0, 0, 0}
4186 };
4187 c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hc:d:f:no:qs:S:t:wU", long_options, NULL);
4188 if (c == -1) {
4189 break;
4190 }
4191
4192 switch (c) {
4193 case ':':
4194 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
4195 break;
4196 case '?':
4197 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
4198 break;
4199 case 'h':
4200 help();
4201 break;
4202 case 'c':
4203 {
4204 unsigned long res;
4205
4206 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
4207 error_report("Invalid request count specified");
4208 return 1;
4209 }
4210 count = res;
4211 break;
4212 }
4213 case 'd':
4214 {
4215 unsigned long res;
4216
4217 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
4218 error_report("Invalid queue depth specified");
4219 return 1;
4220 }
4221 depth = res;
4222 break;
4223 }
4224 case 'f':
4225 fmt = optarg;
4226 break;
4227 case 'n':
4228 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
4229 break;
4230 case 'o':
4231 {
4232 offset = cvtnum(optarg);
4233 if (offset < 0) {
4234 error_report("Invalid offset specified");
4235 return 1;
4236 }
4237 break;
4238 }
4239 break;
4240 case 'q':
4241 quiet = true;
4242 break;
4243 case 's':
4244 {
4245 int64_t sval;
4246
4247 sval = cvtnum(optarg);
4248 if (sval < 0 || sval > INT_MAX) {
4249 error_report("Invalid buffer size specified");
4250 return 1;
4251 }
4252
4253 bufsize = sval;
4254 break;
4255 }
4256 case 'S':
4257 {
4258 int64_t sval;
4259
4260 sval = cvtnum(optarg);
4261 if (sval < 0 || sval > INT_MAX) {
4262 error_report("Invalid step size specified");
4263 return 1;
4264 }
4265
4266 step = sval;
4267 break;
4268 }
4269 case 't':
4270 ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough);
4271 if (ret < 0) {
4272 error_report("Invalid cache mode");
4273 ret = -1;
4274 goto out;
4275 }
4276 break;
4277 case 'w':
4278 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
4279 is_write = true;
4280 break;
4281 case 'U':
4282 force_share = true;
4283 break;
4284 case OPTION_PATTERN:
4285 {
4286 unsigned long res;
4287
4288 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > 0xff) {
4289 error_report("Invalid pattern byte specified");
4290 return 1;
4291 }
4292 pattern = res;
4293 break;
4294 }
4295 case OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL:
4296 {
4297 unsigned long res;
4298
4299 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0, &res) < 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
4300 error_report("Invalid flush interval specified");
4301 return 1;
4302 }
4303 flush_interval = res;
4304 break;
4305 }
4306 case OPTION_NO_DRAIN:
4307 drain_on_flush = false;
4308 break;
4309 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
4310 image_opts = true;
4311 break;
4312 }
4313 }
4314
4315 if (optind != argc - 1) {
4316 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
4317 }
4318 filename = argv[argc - 1];
4319
4320 if (!is_write && flush_interval) {
4321 error_report("--flush-interval is only available in write tests");
4322 ret = -1;
4323 goto out;
4324 }
4325 if (flush_interval && flush_interval < depth) {
4326 error_report("Flush interval can't be smaller than depth");
4327 ret = -1;
4328 goto out;
4329 }
4330
4331 blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
4332 force_share);
4333 if (!blk) {
4334 ret = -1;
4335 goto out;
4336 }
4337
4338 image_size = blk_getlength(blk);
4339 if (image_size < 0) {
4340 ret = image_size;
4341 goto out;
4342 }
4343
4344 data = (BenchData) {
4345 .blk = blk,
4346 .image_size = image_size,
4347 .bufsize = bufsize,
4348 .step = step ?: bufsize,
4349 .nrreq = depth,
4350 .n = count,
4351 .offset = offset,
4352 .write = is_write,
4353 .flush_interval = flush_interval,
4354 .drain_on_flush = drain_on_flush,
4355 };
4356 printf("Sending %d %s requests, %d bytes each, %d in parallel "
4357 "(starting at offset %" PRId64 ", step size %d)\n",
4358 data.n, data.write ? "write" : "read", data.bufsize, data.nrreq,
4359 data.offset, data.step);
4360 if (flush_interval) {
4361 printf("Sending flush every %d requests\n", flush_interval);
4362 }
4363
4364 buf_size = data.nrreq * data.bufsize;
4365 data.buf = blk_blockalign(blk, buf_size);
4366 memset(data.buf, pattern, data.nrreq * data.bufsize);
4367
4368 blk_register_buf(blk, data.buf, buf_size);
4369
4370 data.qiov = g_new(QEMUIOVector, data.nrreq);
4371 for (i = 0; i < data.nrreq; i++) {
4372 qemu_iovec_init(&data.qiov[i], 1);
4373 qemu_iovec_add(&data.qiov[i],
4374 data.buf + i * data.bufsize, data.bufsize);
4375 }
4376
4377 gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
4378 bench_cb(&data, 0);
4379
4380 while (data.n > 0) {
4381 main_loop_wait(false);
4382 }
4383 gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
4384
4385 printf("Run completed in %3.3f seconds.\n",
4386 (t2.tv_sec - t1.tv_sec)
4387 + ((double)(t2.tv_usec - t1.tv_usec) / 1000000));
4388
4389 out:
4390 if (data.buf) {
4391 blk_unregister_buf(blk, data.buf);
4392 }
4393 qemu_vfree(data.buf);
4394 blk_unref(blk);
4395
4396 if (ret) {
4397 return 1;
4398 }
4399 return 0;
4400 }
4401
4402 #define C_BS 01
4403 #define C_COUNT 02
4404 #define C_IF 04
4405 #define C_OF 010
4406 #define C_SKIP 020
4407
4408 struct DdInfo {
4409 unsigned int flags;
4410 int64_t count;
4411 };
4412
4413 struct DdIo {
4414 int bsz; /* Block size */
4415 char *filename;
4416 uint8_t *buf;
4417 int64_t offset;
4418 };
4419
4420 struct DdOpts {
4421 const char *name;
4422 int (*f)(const char *, struct DdIo *, struct DdIo *, struct DdInfo *);
4423 unsigned int flag;
4424 };
4425
img_dd_bs(const char * arg,struct DdIo * in,struct DdIo * out,struct DdInfo * dd)4426 static int img_dd_bs(const char *arg,
4427 struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
4428 struct DdInfo *dd)
4429 {
4430 int64_t res;
4431
4432 res = cvtnum(arg);
4433
4434 if (res <= 0 || res > INT_MAX) {
4435 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg);
4436 return 1;
4437 }
4438 in->bsz = out->bsz = res;
4439
4440 return 0;
4441 }
4442
img_dd_count(const char * arg,struct DdIo * in,struct DdIo * out,struct DdInfo * dd)4443 static int img_dd_count(const char *arg,
4444 struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
4445 struct DdInfo *dd)
4446 {
4447 dd->count = cvtnum(arg);
4448
4449 if (dd->count < 0) {
4450 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg);
4451 return 1;
4452 }
4453
4454 return 0;
4455 }
4456
img_dd_if(const char * arg,struct DdIo * in,struct DdIo * out,struct DdInfo * dd)4457 static int img_dd_if(const char *arg,
4458 struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
4459 struct DdInfo *dd)
4460 {
4461 in->filename = g_strdup(arg);
4462
4463 return 0;
4464 }
4465
img_dd_of(const char * arg,struct DdIo * in,struct DdIo * out,struct DdInfo * dd)4466 static int img_dd_of(const char *arg,
4467 struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
4468 struct DdInfo *dd)
4469 {
4470 out->filename = g_strdup(arg);
4471
4472 return 0;
4473 }
4474
img_dd_skip(const char * arg,struct DdIo * in,struct DdIo * out,struct DdInfo * dd)4475 static int img_dd_skip(const char *arg,
4476 struct DdIo *in, struct DdIo *out,
4477 struct DdInfo *dd)
4478 {
4479 in->offset = cvtnum(arg);
4480
4481 if (in->offset < 0) {
4482 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg);
4483 return 1;
4484 }
4485
4486 return 0;
4487 }
4488
img_dd(int argc,char ** argv)4489 static int img_dd(int argc, char **argv)
4490 {
4491 int ret = 0;
4492 char *arg = NULL;
4493 char *tmp;
4494 BlockDriver *drv = NULL, *proto_drv = NULL;
4495 BlockBackend *blk1 = NULL, *blk2 = NULL;
4496 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
4497 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
4498 Error *local_err = NULL;
4499 bool image_opts = false;
4500 int c, i;
4501 const char *out_fmt = "raw";
4502 const char *fmt = NULL;
4503 int64_t size = 0;
4504 int64_t block_count = 0, out_pos, in_pos;
4505 bool force_share = false;
4506 struct DdInfo dd = {
4507 .flags = 0,
4508 .count = 0,
4509 };
4510 struct DdIo in = {
4511 .bsz = 512, /* Block size is by default 512 bytes */
4512 .filename = NULL,
4513 .buf = NULL,
4514 .offset = 0
4515 };
4516 struct DdIo out = {
4517 .bsz = 512,
4518 .filename = NULL,
4519 .buf = NULL,
4520 .offset = 0
4521 };
4522
4523 const struct DdOpts options[] = {
4524 { "bs", img_dd_bs, C_BS },
4525 { "count", img_dd_count, C_COUNT },
4526 { "if", img_dd_if, C_IF },
4527 { "of", img_dd_of, C_OF },
4528 { "skip", img_dd_skip, C_SKIP },
4529 { NULL, NULL, 0 }
4530 };
4531 const struct option long_options[] = {
4532 { "help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
4533 { "object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
4534 { "image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
4535 { "force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
4536 { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
4537 };
4538
4539 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:U", long_options, NULL))) {
4540 if (c == EOF) {
4541 break;
4542 }
4543 switch (c) {
4544 case 'O':
4545 out_fmt = optarg;
4546 break;
4547 case 'f':
4548 fmt = optarg;
4549 break;
4550 case ':':
4551 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
4552 break;
4553 case '?':
4554 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
4555 break;
4556 case 'h':
4557 help();
4558 break;
4559 case 'U':
4560 force_share = true;
4561 break;
4562 case OPTION_OBJECT:
4563 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts, optarg, true)) {
4564 ret = -1;
4565 goto out;
4566 }
4567 break;
4568 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
4569 image_opts = true;
4570 break;
4571 }
4572 }
4573
4574 for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
4575 int j;
4576 arg = g_strdup(argv[i]);
4577
4578 tmp = strchr(arg, '=');
4579 if (tmp == NULL) {
4580 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg);
4581 ret = -1;
4582 goto out;
4583 }
4584
4585 *tmp++ = '\0';
4586
4587 for (j = 0; options[j].name != NULL; j++) {
4588 if (!strcmp(arg, options[j].name)) {
4589 break;
4590 }
4591 }
4592 if (options[j].name == NULL) {
4593 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg);
4594 ret = -1;
4595 goto out;
4596 }
4597
4598 if (options[j].f(tmp, &in, &out, &dd) != 0) {
4599 ret = -1;
4600 goto out;
4601 }
4602 dd.flags |= options[j].flag;
4603 g_free(arg);
4604 arg = NULL;
4605 }
4606
4607 if (!(dd.flags & C_IF && dd.flags & C_OF)) {
4608 error_report("Must specify both input and output files");
4609 ret = -1;
4610 goto out;
4611 }
4612
4613 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
4614 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
4615 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
4616 ret = -1;
4617 goto out;
4618 }
4619
4620 blk1 = img_open(image_opts, in.filename, fmt, 0, false, false,
4621 force_share);
4622
4623 if (!blk1) {
4624 ret = -1;
4625 goto out;
4626 }
4627
4628 drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
4629 if (!drv) {
4630 error_report("Unknown file format");
4631 ret = -1;
4632 goto out;
4633 }
4634 proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out.filename, true, &local_err);
4635
4636 if (!proto_drv) {
4637 error_report_err(local_err);
4638 ret = -1;
4639 goto out;
4640 }
4641 if (!drv->create_opts) {
4642 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4643 drv->format_name);
4644 ret = -1;
4645 goto out;
4646 }
4647 if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
4648 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4649 proto_drv->format_name);
4650 ret = -1;
4651 goto out;
4652 }
4653 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
4654 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
4655
4656 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
4657
4658 size = blk_getlength(blk1);
4659 if (size < 0) {
4660 error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", in.filename);
4661 ret = -1;
4662 goto out;
4663 }
4664
4665 if (dd.flags & C_COUNT && dd.count <= INT64_MAX / in.bsz &&
4666 dd.count * in.bsz < size) {
4667 size = dd.count * in.bsz;
4668 }
4669
4670 /* Overflow means the specified offset is beyond input image's size */
4671 if (dd.flags & C_SKIP && (in.offset > INT64_MAX / in.bsz ||
4672 size < in.bsz * in.offset)) {
4673 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0, &error_abort);
4674 } else {
4675 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
4676 size - in.bsz * in.offset, &error_abort);
4677 }
4678
4679 ret = bdrv_create(drv, out.filename, opts, &local_err);
4680 if (ret < 0) {
4681 error_reportf_err(local_err,
4682 "%s: error while creating output image: ",
4683 out.filename);
4684 ret = -1;
4685 goto out;
4686 }
4687
4688 /* TODO, we can't honour --image-opts for the target,
4689 * since it needs to be given in a format compatible
4690 * with the bdrv_create() call above which does not
4691 * support image-opts style.
4692 */
4693 blk2 = img_open_file(out.filename, NULL, out_fmt, BDRV_O_RDWR,
4694 false, false, false);
4695
4696 if (!blk2) {
4697 ret = -1;
4698 goto out;
4699 }
4700
4701 if (dd.flags & C_SKIP && (in.offset > INT64_MAX / in.bsz ||
4702 size < in.offset * in.bsz)) {
4703 /* We give a warning if the skip option is bigger than the input
4704 * size and create an empty output disk image (i.e. like dd(1)).
4705 */
4706 error_report("%s: cannot skip to specified offset", in.filename);
4707 in_pos = size;
4708 } else {
4709 in_pos = in.offset * in.bsz;
4710 }
4711
4712 in.buf = g_new(uint8_t, in.bsz);
4713
4714 for (out_pos = 0; in_pos < size; block_count++) {
4715 int in_ret, out_ret;
4716
4717 if (in_pos + in.bsz > size) {
4718 in_ret = blk_pread(blk1, in_pos, in.buf, size - in_pos);
4719 } else {
4720 in_ret = blk_pread(blk1, in_pos, in.buf, in.bsz);
4721 }
4722 if (in_ret < 0) {
4723 error_report("error while reading from input image file: %s",
4724 strerror(-in_ret));
4725 ret = -1;
4726 goto out;
4727 }
4728 in_pos += in_ret;
4729
4730 out_ret = blk_pwrite(blk2, out_pos, in.buf, in_ret, 0);
4731
4732 if (out_ret < 0) {
4733 error_report("error while writing to output image file: %s",
4734 strerror(-out_ret));
4735 ret = -1;
4736 goto out;
4737 }
4738 out_pos += out_ret;
4739 }
4740
4741 out:
4742 g_free(arg);
4743 qemu_opts_del(opts);
4744 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
4745 blk_unref(blk1);
4746 blk_unref(blk2);
4747 g_free(in.filename);
4748 g_free(out.filename);
4749 g_free(in.buf);
4750 g_free(out.buf);
4751
4752 if (ret) {
4753 return 1;
4754 }
4755 return 0;
4756 }
4757
dump_json_block_measure_info(BlockMeasureInfo * info)4758 static void dump_json_block_measure_info(BlockMeasureInfo *info)
4759 {
4760 QString *str;
4761 QObject *obj;
4762 Visitor *v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj);
4763
4764 visit_type_BlockMeasureInfo(v, NULL, &info, &error_abort);
4765 visit_complete(v, &obj);
4766 str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
4767 assert(str != NULL);
4768 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
4769 qobject_unref(obj);
4770 visit_free(v);
4771 qobject_unref(str);
4772 }
4773
img_measure(int argc,char ** argv)4774 static int img_measure(int argc, char **argv)
4775 {
4776 static const struct option long_options[] = {
4777 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
4778 {"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
4779 {"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
4780 {"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
4781 {"size", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SIZE},
4782 {"force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
4783 {0, 0, 0, 0}
4784 };
4785 OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
4786 BlockBackend *in_blk = NULL;
4787 BlockDriver *drv;
4788 const char *filename = NULL;
4789 const char *fmt = NULL;
4790 const char *out_fmt = "raw";
4791 char *options = NULL;
4792 char *snapshot_name = NULL;
4793 bool force_share = false;
4794 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
4795 QemuOpts *object_opts = NULL;
4796 QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
4797 QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
4798 bool image_opts = false;
4799 uint64_t img_size = UINT64_MAX;
4800 BlockMeasureInfo *info = NULL;
4801 Error *local_err = NULL;
4802 int ret = 1;
4803 int c;
4804
4805 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:O:o:l:U",
4806 long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
4807 switch (c) {
4808 case '?':
4809 case 'h':
4810 help();
4811 break;
4812 case 'f':
4813 fmt = optarg;
4814 break;
4815 case 'O':
4816 out_fmt = optarg;
4817 break;
4818 case 'o':
4819 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
4820 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
4821 goto out;
4822 }
4823 if (!options) {
4824 options = g_strdup(optarg);
4825 } else {
4826 char *old_options = options;
4827 options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
4828 g_free(old_options);
4829 }
4830 break;
4831 case 'l':
4832 if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
4833 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
4834 optarg, false);
4835 if (!sn_opts) {
4836 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
4837 optarg);
4838 goto out;
4839 }
4840 } else {
4841 snapshot_name = optarg;
4842 }
4843 break;
4844 case 'U':
4845 force_share = true;
4846 break;
4847 case OPTION_OBJECT:
4848 object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
4849 optarg, true);
4850 if (!object_opts) {
4851 goto out;
4852 }
4853 break;
4854 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
4855 image_opts = true;
4856 break;
4857 case OPTION_OUTPUT:
4858 if (!strcmp(optarg, "json")) {
4859 output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
4860 } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "human")) {
4861 output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
4862 } else {
4863 error_report("--output must be used with human or json "
4864 "as argument.");
4865 goto out;
4866 }
4867 break;
4868 case OPTION_SIZE:
4869 {
4870 int64_t sval;
4871
4872 sval = cvtnum(optarg);
4873 if (sval < 0) {
4874 if (sval == -ERANGE) {
4875 error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
4876 } else {
4877 error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use "
4878 "k, M, G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
4879 error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
4880 "petabytes and exabytes.");
4881 }
4882 goto out;
4883 }
4884 img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
4885 }
4886 break;
4887 }
4888 }
4889
4890 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
4891 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
4892 qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
4893 goto out;
4894 }
4895
4896 if (argc - optind > 1) {
4897 error_report("At most one filename argument is allowed.");
4898 goto out;
4899 } else if (argc - optind == 1) {
4900 filename = argv[optind];
4901 }
4902
4903 if (!filename &&
4904 (object_opts || image_opts || fmt || snapshot_name || sn_opts)) {
4905 error_report("--object, --image-opts, -f, and -l "
4906 "require a filename argument.");
4907 goto out;
4908 }
4909 if (filename && img_size != UINT64_MAX) {
4910 error_report("--size N cannot be used together with a filename.");
4911 goto out;
4912 }
4913 if (!filename && img_size == UINT64_MAX) {
4914 error_report("Either --size N or one filename must be specified.");
4915 goto out;
4916 }
4917
4918 if (filename) {
4919 in_blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0,
4920 false, false, force_share);
4921 if (!in_blk) {
4922 goto out;
4923 }
4924
4925 if (sn_opts) {
4926 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(in_blk),
4927 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
4928 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
4929 &local_err);
4930 } else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
4931 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(in_blk),
4932 snapshot_name, &local_err);
4933 }
4934 if (local_err) {
4935 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
4936 goto out;
4937 }
4938 }
4939
4940 drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
4941 if (!drv) {
4942 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
4943 goto out;
4944 }
4945 if (!drv->create_opts) {
4946 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4947 drv->format_name);
4948 goto out;
4949 }
4950
4951 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
4952 create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bdrv_file.create_opts);
4953 opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
4954 if (options) {
4955 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
4956 if (local_err) {
4957 error_report_err(local_err);
4958 error_report("Invalid options for file format '%s'", out_fmt);
4959 goto out;
4960 }
4961 }
4962 if (img_size != UINT64_MAX) {
4963 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, img_size, &error_abort);
4964 }
4965
4966 info = bdrv_measure(drv, opts, in_blk ? blk_bs(in_blk) : NULL, &local_err);
4967 if (local_err) {
4968 error_report_err(local_err);
4969 goto out;
4970 }
4971
4972 if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
4973 printf("required size: %" PRIu64 "\n", info->required);
4974 printf("fully allocated size: %" PRIu64 "\n", info->fully_allocated);
4975 } else {
4976 dump_json_block_measure_info(info);
4977 }
4978
4979 ret = 0;
4980
4981 out:
4982 qapi_free_BlockMeasureInfo(info);
4983 qemu_opts_del(object_opts);
4984 qemu_opts_del(opts);
4985 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
4986 qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
4987 g_free(options);
4988 blk_unref(in_blk);
4989 return ret;
4990 }
4991
4992 static const img_cmd_t img_cmds[] = {
4993 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
4994 { option, callback },
4995 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
4996 #undef DEF
4997 { NULL, NULL, },
4998 };
4999
main(int argc,char ** argv)5000 int main(int argc, char **argv)
5001 {
5002 const img_cmd_t *cmd;
5003 const char *cmdname;
5004 Error *local_error = NULL;
5005 char *trace_file = NULL;
5006 int c;
5007 static const struct option long_options[] = {
5008 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
5009 {"version", no_argument, 0, 'V'},
5010 {"trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T'},
5011 {0, 0, 0, 0}
5012 };
5013
5014 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
5015 signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
5016 #endif
5017
5018 error_init(argv[0]);
5019 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
5020 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
5021
5022 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
5023 error_report_err(local_error);
5024 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5025 }
5026
5027 qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
5028
5029 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
5030 bdrv_init();
5031 if (argc < 2) {
5032 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
5033 }
5034
5035 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
5036 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts);
5037 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
5038
5039 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+:hVT:", long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
5040 switch (c) {
5041 case ':':
5042 missing_argument(argv[optind - 1]);
5043 return 0;
5044 case '?':
5045 unrecognized_option(argv[optind - 1]);
5046 return 0;
5047 case 'h':
5048 help();
5049 return 0;
5050 case 'V':
5051 printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION);
5052 return 0;
5053 case 'T':
5054 g_free(trace_file);
5055 trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
5056 break;
5057 }
5058 }
5059
5060 cmdname = argv[optind];
5061
5062 /* reset getopt_long scanning */
5063 argc -= optind;
5064 if (argc < 1) {
5065 return 0;
5066 }
5067 argv += optind;
5068 qemu_reset_optind();
5069
5070 if (!trace_init_backends()) {
5071 exit(1);
5072 }
5073 trace_init_file(trace_file);
5074 qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
5075
5076 /* find the command */
5077 for (cmd = img_cmds; cmd->name != NULL; cmd++) {
5078 if (!strcmp(cmdname, cmd->name)) {
5079 return cmd->handler(argc, argv);
5080 }
5081 }
5082
5083 /* not found */
5084 error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);
5085 }
5086