libs/string/string.h

/*
   Copyright (C) 2001-2006, William Joseph.
   All Rights Reserved.

   This file is part of GtkRadiant.

   GtkRadiant is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   GtkRadiant is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with GtkRadiant; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */

#if !defined( INCLUDED_STRING_STRING_H )
#define INCLUDED_STRING_STRING_H

/// \file
/// C-style null-terminated-character-array string library.

#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <algorithm>

#include "memory/allocator.h"
#include "generic/arrayrange.h"

/// \brief Returns true if \p string length is zero.
/// O(1)
inline bool string_empty( const char* string ){
	return *string == '\0';
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string length is not zero.
/// O(1)
inline bool string_not_empty( const char* string ){
	return !string_empty( string );
}

/// \brief Returns <0 if \p string is lexicographically less than \p other.
/// Returns >0 if \p string is lexicographically greater than \p other.
/// Returns 0 if \p string is lexicographically equal to \p other.
/// O(n)
inline int string_compare( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return std::strcmp( string, other );
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically equal to \p other.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_equal( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare( string, other ) == 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if [\p string, \p string + \p n) is lexicographically equal to [\p other, \p other + \p n).
/// O(n)
inline bool string_equal_n( const char* string, const char* other, std::size_t n ){
	return std::strncmp( string, other, n ) == 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically less than \p other.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_less( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare( string, other ) < 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically greater than \p other.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_greater( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare( string, other ) > 0;
}

/// \brief Returns <0 if \p string is lexicographically less than \p other after converting both to lower-case.
/// Returns >0 if \p string is lexicographically greater than \p other after converting both to lower-case.
/// Returns 0 if \p string is lexicographically equal to \p other after converting both to lower-case.
/// O(n)
inline int string_compare_nocase( const char* string, const char* other ){
#ifdef WIN32
	return _stricmp( string, other );
#else
	return strcasecmp( string, other );
#endif
}

/// \brief Returns <0 if [\p string, \p string + \p n) is lexicographically less than [\p other, \p other + \p n).
/// Returns >0 if [\p string, \p string + \p n) is lexicographically greater than [\p other, \p other + \p n).
/// Returns 0 if [\p string, \p string + \p n) is lexicographically equal to [\p other, \p other + \p n).
/// Treats all ascii characters as lower-case during comparisons.
/// O(n)
inline int string_compare_nocase_n( const char* string, const char* other, std::size_t n ){
#ifdef WIN32
	return _strnicmp( string, other, n );
#else
	return strncasecmp( string, other, n );
#endif
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically equal to \p other.
/// Treats all ascii characters as lower-case during comparisons.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_equal_nocase( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare_nocase( string, other ) == 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if [\p string, \p string + \p n) is lexicographically equal to [\p other, \p other + \p n).
/// Treats all ascii characters as lower-case during comparisons.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_equal_nocase_n( const char* string, const char* other, std::size_t n ){
	return string_compare_nocase_n( string, other, n ) == 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically less than \p other.
/// Treats all ascii characters as lower-case during comparisons.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_less_nocase( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare_nocase( string, other ) < 0;
}

/// \brief Returns true if \p string is lexicographically greater than \p other.
/// Treats all ascii characters as lower-case during comparisons.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_greater_nocase( const char* string, const char* other ){
	return string_compare_nocase( string, other ) > 0;
}

/// \brief Returns the number of non-null characters in \p string.
/// O(n)
inline std::size_t string_length( const char* string ){
	return std::strlen( string );
}

/// \brief Returns true if the beginning of \p string is equal to \p prefix.
/// O(n)
inline bool string_equal_prefix( const char* string, const char* prefix ){
	return string_equal_n( string, prefix, string_length( prefix ) );
}

/// \brief Copies \p other into \p string and returns \p string.
/// Assumes that the space allocated for \p string is at least string_length(other) + 1.
/// O(n)
inline char* string_copy( char* string, const char* other ){
	return std::strcpy( string, other );
}

/// \brief Allocates a string buffer large enough to hold \p length characters, using \p allocator.
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release using a matching \p allocator.
template<typename Allocator>
inline char* string_new( std::size_t length, Allocator& allocator ){
	return allocator.allocate( length + 1 );
}

/// \brief Deallocates the \p buffer large enough to hold \p length characters, using \p allocator.
template<typename Allocator>
inline void string_release( char* buffer, std::size_t length, Allocator& allocator ){
	allocator.deallocate( buffer, length + 1 );
}

/// \brief Returns a newly-allocated string which is a clone of \p other, using \p allocator.
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release using a matching \p allocator.
template<typename Allocator>
inline char* string_clone( const char* other, Allocator& allocator ){
	char* copied = string_new( string_length( other ), allocator );
	std::strcpy( copied, other );
	return copied;
}

/// \brief Returns a newly-allocated string which is a clone of [\p first, \p last), using \p allocator.
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release using a matching \p allocator.
template<typename Allocator>
inline char* string_clone_range( StringRange range, Allocator& allocator ){
	std::size_t length = range.last - range.first;
	char* copied = strncpy( string_new( length, allocator ), range.first, length );
	copied[length] = '\0';
	return copied;
}

/// \brief Allocates a string buffer large enough to hold \p length characters.
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release.
inline char* string_new( std::size_t length ){
	DefaultAllocator<char> allocator;
	return string_new( length, allocator );
}

/// \brief Deallocates the \p buffer large enough to hold \p length characters.
inline void string_release( char* string, std::size_t length ){
	DefaultAllocator<char> allocator;
	string_release( string, length, allocator );
}

/// \brief Returns a newly-allocated string which is a clone of \p other.
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release.
inline char* string_clone( const char* other ){
	DefaultAllocator<char> allocator;
	return string_clone( other, allocator );
}

/// \brief Returns a newly-allocated string which is a clone of [\p first, \p last).
/// The returned buffer must be released with \c string_release.
inline char* string_clone_range( StringRange range ){
	DefaultAllocator<char> allocator;
	return string_clone_range( range, allocator );
}

typedef char* char_pointer;
/// \brief Swaps the values of \p string and \p other.
inline void string_swap( char_pointer& string, char_pointer& other ){
	std::swap( string, other );
}

typedef const char* char_const_pointer;
/// \brief Swaps the values of \p string and \p other.
inline void string_swap( char_const_pointer& string, char_const_pointer& other ){
	std::swap( string, other );
}

/// \brief Converts each character of \p string to lower-case and returns \p string.
/// O(n)
inline char* string_to_lowercase( char* string ){
	for ( char* p = string; *p != '\0'; ++p )
	{
		*p = (char)std::tolower( *p );
	}
	return string;
}

/// \brief Converts each character of \p string to upper-case and returns \p string.
/// O(n)
inline char* string_to_uppercase( char* string ){
	for ( char* p = string; *p != '\0'; ++p )
	{
		*p = (char)std::toupper( *p );
	}
	return string;
}

/// \brief A re-entrant string tokeniser similar to strchr.
class StringTokeniser
{
bool istoken( char c ) const {
	if ( strchr( m_delimiters, c ) != 0 ) {
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}
const char* advance(){
	const char* token = m_pos;
	bool intoken = true;
	while ( !string_empty( m_pos ) )
	{
		if ( !istoken( *m_pos ) ) {
			*m_pos = '\0';
			intoken = false;
		}
		else if ( !intoken ) {
			return token;
		}
		++m_pos;
	}
	return token;
}
std::size_t m_length;
char* m_string;
char* m_pos;
const char* m_delimiters;
public:
StringTokeniser( const char* string, const char* delimiters = " \n\r\t\v" ) :
	m_length( string_length( string ) ),
	m_string( string_copy( string_new( m_length ), string ) ),
	m_pos( m_string ),
	m_delimiters( delimiters ){
	while ( !string_empty( m_pos ) && !istoken( *m_pos ) )
	{
		++m_pos;
	}
}
~StringTokeniser(){
	string_release( m_string, m_length );
}
/// \brief Returns the next token or "" if there are no more tokens available.
const char* getToken(){
	return advance();
}
};

/// \brief A non-mutable c-style string.
///
/// \param Buffer The string storage implementation. Must be DefaultConstructible, CopyConstructible and Assignable. Must implement:
/// \li Buffer(const char* string) - constructor which copies a c-style \p string.
/// \li Buffer(const char* first, const char*) - constructor which copies a c-style string range [\p first, \p last).
/// \li void swap(Buffer& other) - swaps contents with \p other.
/// \li const char* c_str() - returns the stored non-mutable c-style string.
template<typename Buffer>
class String : public Buffer
{
public:

String()
	: Buffer(){
}
String( const char* string )
	: Buffer( string ){
}
String( StringRange range )
	: Buffer( range ){
}

String& operator=( const String& other ){
	String temp( other );
	temp.swap( *this );
	return *this;
}
String& operator=( const char* string ){
	String temp( string );
	temp.swap( *this );
	return *this;
}
String& operator=( StringRange range ){
	String temp( range );
	temp.swap( *this );
	return *this;
}

void swap( String& other ){
	Buffer::swap( other );
}

bool empty() const {
	return string_empty( Buffer::c_str() );
}
};

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator<( const String<Buffer>& self, const String<Buffer>& other ){
	return string_less( self.c_str(), other.c_str() );
}

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator>( const String<Buffer>& self, const String<Buffer>& other ){
	return string_greater( self.c_str(), other.c_str() );
}

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator==( const String<Buffer>& self, const String<Buffer>& other ){
	return string_equal( self.c_str(), other.c_str() );
}

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator!=( const String<Buffer>& self, const String<Buffer>& other ){
	return !string_equal( self.c_str(), other.c_str() );
}

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator==( const String<Buffer>& self, const char* other ){
	return string_equal( self.c_str(), other );
}

template<typename Buffer>
inline bool operator!=( const String<Buffer>& self, const char* other ){
	return !string_equal( self.c_str(), other );
}

namespace std
{
/// \brief Swaps the values of \p self and \p other.
/// Overloads std::swap.
template<typename Buffer>
inline void swap( String<Buffer>& self, String<Buffer>& other ){
	self.swap( other );
}
}


/// \brief A non-mutable string buffer which manages memory allocation.
template<typename Allocator>
class CopiedBuffer : private Allocator
{
char* m_string;

char* copy_range( StringRange range ){
	return string_clone_range( range, static_cast<Allocator&>( *this ) );
}
char* copy( const char* other ){
	return string_clone( other, static_cast<Allocator&>( *this ) );
}
void destroy( char* string ){
	string_release( string, string_length( string ), static_cast<Allocator&>( *this ) );
}

protected:
~CopiedBuffer(){
	destroy( m_string );
}
public:
CopiedBuffer()
	: m_string( copy( "" ) ){
}
explicit CopiedBuffer( const Allocator& allocator )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_string( copy( "" ) ){
}
CopiedBuffer( const CopiedBuffer& other )
	: Allocator( other ), m_string( copy( other.m_string ) ){
}
CopiedBuffer( const char* string, const Allocator& allocator = Allocator() )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_string( copy( string ) ){
}
CopiedBuffer( StringRange range, const Allocator& allocator = Allocator() )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_string( copy_range( range ) ){
}
const char* c_str() const {
	return m_string;
}
void swap( CopiedBuffer& other ){
	string_swap( m_string, other.m_string );
}
};

/// \brief A non-mutable string which uses copy-by-value for assignment.
typedef String< CopiedBuffer< DefaultAllocator<char> > > CopiedString;


/// \brief A non-mutable string buffer which uses reference-counting to avoid unnecessary allocations.
template<typename Allocator>
class SmartBuffer : private Allocator
{
char* m_buffer;

char* copy_range( StringRange range ){
	char* buffer = Allocator::allocate( sizeof( std::size_t ) + ( range.last - range.first ) + 1 );
	strncpy( buffer + sizeof( std::size_t ), range.first, range.last - range.first );
	buffer[sizeof( std::size_t ) + ( range.last - range.first )] = '\0';
	*reinterpret_cast<std::size_t*>( buffer ) = 0;
	return buffer;
}
char* copy( const char* string ){
	char* buffer = Allocator::allocate( sizeof( std::size_t ) + string_length( string ) + 1 );
	strcpy( buffer + sizeof( std::size_t ), string );
	*reinterpret_cast<std::size_t*>( buffer ) = 0;
	return buffer;
}
void destroy( char* buffer ){
	Allocator::deallocate( buffer, sizeof( std::size_t ) + string_length( c_str() ) + 1 );
}

void incref( char* buffer ){
	++( *reinterpret_cast<std::size_t*>( buffer ) );
}
void decref( char* buffer ){
	if ( --( *reinterpret_cast<std::size_t*>( buffer ) ) == 0 ) {
		destroy( buffer );
	}
}

protected:
~SmartBuffer(){
	decref( m_buffer );
}
public:
SmartBuffer()
	: m_buffer( copy( "" ) ){
	incref( m_buffer );
}
explicit SmartBuffer( const Allocator& allocator )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_buffer( copy( "" ) ){
	incref( m_buffer );
}
SmartBuffer( const SmartBuffer& other )
	: Allocator( other ), m_buffer( other.m_buffer ){
	incref( m_buffer );
}
SmartBuffer( const char* string, const Allocator& allocator = Allocator() )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_buffer( copy( string ) ){
	incref( m_buffer );
}
SmartBuffer( StringRange range, const Allocator& allocator = Allocator() )
	: Allocator( allocator ), m_buffer( copy_range( range ) ){
	incref( m_buffer );
}
const char* c_str() const {
	return m_buffer + sizeof( std::size_t );
}
void swap( SmartBuffer& other ){
	string_swap( m_buffer, other.m_buffer );
}
};

/// \brief A non-mutable string which uses copy-by-reference for assignment of SmartString.
typedef String< SmartBuffer< DefaultAllocator<char> > > SmartString;

class StringEqualNoCase
{
public:
bool operator()( const CopiedString& key, const CopiedString& other ) const {
	return string_equal_nocase( key.c_str(), other.c_str() );
}
};

struct StringLessNoCase
{
	bool operator()( const CopiedString& x, const CopiedString& y ) const {
		return string_less_nocase( x.c_str(), y.c_str() );
	}
};

struct RawStringEqual
{
	bool operator()( const char* x, const char* y ) const {
		return string_equal( x, y );
	}
};

struct RawStringLess
{
	bool operator()( const char* x, const char* y ) const {
		return string_less( x, y );
	}
};

struct RawStringLessNoCase
{
	bool operator()( const char* x, const char* y ) const {
		return string_less_nocase( x, y );
	}
};

#endif