1 /* imagediff - Compare two images
2  *
3  * Copyright © 2004 Richard D. Worth
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software
6  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without
7  * fee, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies
8  * and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice
9  * appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Richard Worth
10  * not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
11  * of the software without specific, written prior permission.
12  * Richard Worth makes no representations about the suitability of this
13  * software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express
14  * or implied warranty.
15  *
16  * RICHARD WORTH DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
17  * INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN
18  * NO EVENT SHALL RICHARD WORTH BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
19  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
20  * OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
21  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
22  * CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
23  *
24  * Author: Richard D. Worth <richard@theworths.org> */
25 
26 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
27 #include "config.h"
28 #endif
29 
30 #include <stdio.h>
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
33 #include <unistd.h>
34 #endif
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <pixman.h>
38 
39 #include "cairo-test.h"
40 
41 #include "pdiff.h"
42 #include "buffer-diff.h"
43 
44 /* Don't allow any differences greater than this value, even if pdiff
45  * claims that the images are identical */
46 #define PERCEPTUAL_DIFF_THRESHOLD 25
47 
48 /* Compare two buffers, returning the number of pixels that are
49  * different and the maximum difference of any single color channel in
50  * result_ret.
51  *
52  * This function should be rewritten to compare all formats supported by
53  * cairo_format_t instead of taking a mask as a parameter.
54  */
55 static void
buffer_diff_core(const unsigned char * _buf_a,int stride_a,const unsigned char * _buf_b,int stride_b,unsigned char * _buf_diff,int stride_diff,int width,int height,uint32_t mask,buffer_diff_result_t * result_ret)56 buffer_diff_core (const unsigned char *_buf_a, int stride_a,
57 		  const unsigned char *_buf_b, int stride_b,
58 		  unsigned char *_buf_diff, int stride_diff,
59 		  int		width,
60 		  int		height,
61 		  uint32_t mask,
62 		  buffer_diff_result_t *result_ret)
63 {
64     const uint32_t *buf_a = (const uint32_t*) _buf_a;
65     const uint32_t *buf_b = (const uint32_t*) _buf_b;
66     uint32_t *buf_diff = (uint32_t*) _buf_diff;
67     int x, y;
68     buffer_diff_result_t result = {0, 0};
69 
70     stride_a /= sizeof (uint32_t);
71     stride_b /= sizeof (uint32_t);
72     stride_diff /= sizeof (uint32_t);
73     for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
74 	const uint32_t *row_a = buf_a + y * stride_a;
75 	const uint32_t *row_b = buf_b + y * stride_b;
76 	uint32_t *row = buf_diff + y * stride_diff;
77 
78 	for (x = 0; x < width; x++) {
79 	    /* check if the pixels are the same */
80 	    if ((row_a[x] & mask) != (row_b[x] & mask)) {
81 		int channel;
82 		uint32_t diff_pixel = 0;
83 
84 		/* calculate a difference value for all 4 channels */
85 		for (channel = 0; channel < 4; channel++) {
86 		    int value_a = (row_a[x] >> (channel*8)) & 0xff;
87 		    int value_b = (row_b[x] >> (channel*8)) & 0xff;
88 		    unsigned int diff;
89 		    diff = abs (value_a - value_b);
90 		    if (diff > result.max_diff)
91 			result.max_diff = diff;
92 		    diff *= 4;  /* emphasize */
93 		    if (diff)
94 		        diff += 128; /* make sure it's visible */
95 		    if (diff > 255)
96 		        diff = 255;
97 		    diff_pixel |= diff << (channel*8);
98 		}
99 
100 		result.pixels_changed++;
101 		if ((diff_pixel & 0x00ffffff) == 0) {
102 		    /* alpha only difference, convert to luminance */
103 		    uint8_t alpha = diff_pixel >> 24;
104 		    diff_pixel = alpha * 0x010101;
105 		}
106 		row[x] = diff_pixel;
107 	    } else {
108 		row[x] = 0;
109 	    }
110 	    row[x] |= 0xff000000; /* Set ALPHA to 100% (opaque) */
111 	}
112     }
113 
114     *result_ret = result;
115 }
116 
117 /* Compares two image surfaces
118  *
119  * Provides number of pixels changed and maximum single-channel
120  * difference in result.
121  *
122  * Also fills in a "diff" surface intended to visually show where the
123  * images differ.
124  */
125 static void
compare_surfaces(const cairo_test_context_t * ctx,cairo_surface_t * surface_a,cairo_surface_t * surface_b,cairo_surface_t * surface_diff,buffer_diff_result_t * result)126 compare_surfaces (const cairo_test_context_t  *ctx,
127 	          cairo_surface_t	*surface_a,
128 		  cairo_surface_t	*surface_b,
129 		  cairo_surface_t	*surface_diff,
130 		  buffer_diff_result_t	*result)
131 {
132     /* These default values were taken straight from the
133      * perceptualdiff program. We'll probably want to tune these as
134      * necessary. */
135     double gamma = 2.2;
136     double luminance = 100.0;
137     double field_of_view = 45.0;
138     int discernible_pixels_changed;
139 
140     /* First, we run cairo's old buffer_diff algorithm which looks for
141      * pixel-perfect images, (we do this first since the test suite
142      * runs about 3x slower if we run pdiff_compare first).
143      */
144     buffer_diff_core (cairo_image_surface_get_data (surface_a),
145 		      cairo_image_surface_get_stride (surface_a),
146 		      cairo_image_surface_get_data (surface_b),
147 		      cairo_image_surface_get_stride (surface_b),
148 		      cairo_image_surface_get_data (surface_diff),
149 		      cairo_image_surface_get_stride (surface_diff),
150 		      cairo_image_surface_get_width (surface_a),
151 		      cairo_image_surface_get_height (surface_a),
152 		      cairo_surface_get_content (surface_a) & CAIRO_CONTENT_ALPHA ?  0xffffffff : 0x00ffffff,
153 		      result);
154     if (result->pixels_changed == 0)
155 	return;
156 
157     cairo_test_log (ctx,
158 	            "%d pixels differ (with maximum difference of %d) from reference image\n",
159 		    result->pixels_changed, result->max_diff);
160 
161     /* Then, if there are any different pixels, we give the pdiff code
162      * a crack at the images. If it decides that there are no visually
163      * discernible differences in any pixels, then we accept this
164      * result as good enough.
165      *
166      * Only let pdiff have a crack at the comparison if the max difference
167      * is lower than a threshold, otherwise some problems could be masked.
168      */
169     if (result->max_diff < PERCEPTUAL_DIFF_THRESHOLD) {
170         discernible_pixels_changed = pdiff_compare (surface_a, surface_b,
171                                                     gamma, luminance, field_of_view);
172         if (discernible_pixels_changed == 0) {
173             result->pixels_changed = 0;
174             cairo_test_log (ctx,
175 		            "But perceptual diff finds no visually discernible difference.\n"
176                             "Accepting result.\n");
177         }
178     }
179 }
180 
181 void
buffer_diff_noalpha(const unsigned char * buf_a,const unsigned char * buf_b,unsigned char * buf_diff,int width,int height,int stride,buffer_diff_result_t * result)182 buffer_diff_noalpha (const unsigned char *buf_a,
183 		     const unsigned char *buf_b,
184 		     unsigned char *buf_diff,
185 		     int	   width,
186 		     int	   height,
187 		     int	   stride,
188 		     buffer_diff_result_t *result)
189 {
190     buffer_diff_core(buf_a, stride,
191 		     buf_b, stride,
192 		     buf_diff, stride,
193 		     width, height,
194 		     0x00ffffff,
195 		     result);
196 }
197 
198 static cairo_bool_t
same_size(cairo_surface_t * a,cairo_surface_t * b)199 same_size (cairo_surface_t *a, cairo_surface_t *b)
200 {
201     unsigned int width_a, height_a;
202     unsigned int width_b, height_b;
203 
204     width_a = cairo_image_surface_get_width (a);
205     height_a = cairo_image_surface_get_height (a);
206 
207     width_b = cairo_image_surface_get_width (b);
208     height_b = cairo_image_surface_get_height (b);
209 
210     return width_a == width_b && height_a == height_b;
211 }
212 
213 /* Image comparison code courtesy of Richard Worth <richard@theworths.org>
214  * Returns number of pixels changed, (or -1 on error).
215  * Also saves a "diff" image intended to visually show where the
216  * images differ.
217  *
218  * The return value simply indicates whether a check was successfully
219  * made, (as opposed to a file-not-found condition or similar). It
220  * does not indicate anything about how much the images differ. For
221  * that, see result.
222  *
223  * One failure mode is if the two images provided do not have the same
224  * dimensions. In this case, this function will return
225  * CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH (which is a bit of an abuse, but
226  * oh well).
227  */
228 cairo_status_t
image_diff(const cairo_test_context_t * ctx,cairo_surface_t * surface_a,cairo_surface_t * surface_b,cairo_surface_t * surface_diff,buffer_diff_result_t * result)229 image_diff (const cairo_test_context_t *ctx,
230 	    cairo_surface_t *surface_a,
231 	    cairo_surface_t *surface_b,
232 	    cairo_surface_t *surface_diff,
233 	    buffer_diff_result_t *result)
234 {
235     if (cairo_surface_status (surface_a))
236 	return cairo_surface_status (surface_a);
237 
238     if (cairo_surface_status (surface_b))
239 	return cairo_surface_status (surface_b);
240 
241     if (cairo_surface_status (surface_diff))
242 	return cairo_surface_status (surface_diff);
243 
244     if (! same_size (surface_a, surface_b) ||
245 	! same_size (surface_a, surface_diff))
246     {
247 	cairo_test_log (ctx, "Error: Image size mismatch\n");
248 	return CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH;
249     }
250 
251     compare_surfaces (ctx, surface_a, surface_b, surface_diff, result);
252 
253     return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
254 }
255 
256 cairo_bool_t
image_diff_is_failure(const buffer_diff_result_t * result,unsigned int tolerance)257 image_diff_is_failure (const buffer_diff_result_t *result,
258                        unsigned int                tolerance)
259 {
260   return result->pixels_changed &&
261          result->max_diff > tolerance;
262 }
263