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3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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25 
26 package java.lang.invoke;
27 
28 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
29 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
30 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;
31 import sun.invoke.util.ValueConversions;
32 import sun.invoke.util.VerifyAccess;
33 import sun.invoke.util.VerifyType;
34 import sun.invoke.util.Wrapper;
35 
36 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
37 import java.util.Arrays;
38 import java.util.Objects;
39 
40 import static java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm.*;
41 import static java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm.Kind.*;
42 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.Constants.*;
43 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.UNSAFE;
44 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.newInternalError;
45 import static java.lang.invoke.MethodTypeForm.*;
46 
47 /**
48  * The flavor of method handle which implements a constant reference
49  * to a class member.
50  * @author jrose
51  */
52 class DirectMethodHandle extends MethodHandle {
53     final MemberName member;
54 
55     // Constructors and factory methods in this class *must* be package scoped or private.
DirectMethodHandle(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member)56     private DirectMethodHandle(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member) {
57         super(mtype, form);
58         if (!member.isResolved())  throw new InternalError();
59 
60         if (member.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&
61             member.getReferenceKind() == REF_invokeInterface &&
62             member.isMethod() && !member.isAbstract()) {
63             // Check for corner case: invokeinterface of Object method
64             MemberName m = new MemberName(Object.class, member.getName(), member.getMethodType(), member.getReferenceKind());
65             m = MemberName.getFactory().resolveOrNull(m.getReferenceKind(), m, null);
66             if (m != null && m.isPublic()) {
67                 assert(member.getReferenceKind() == m.getReferenceKind());  // else this.form is wrong
68                 member = m;
69             }
70         }
71 
72         this.member = member;
73     }
74 
75     // Factory methods:
make(byte refKind, Class<?> refc, MemberName member, Class<?> callerClass)76     static DirectMethodHandle make(byte refKind, Class<?> refc, MemberName member, Class<?> callerClass) {
77         MethodType mtype = member.getMethodOrFieldType();
78         if (!member.isStatic()) {
79             if (!member.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(refc) || member.isConstructor())
80                 throw new InternalError(member.toString());
81             mtype = mtype.insertParameterTypes(0, refc);
82         }
83         if (!member.isField()) {
84             // refKind reflects the original type of lookup via findSpecial or
85             // findVirtual etc.
86             switch (refKind) {
87                 case REF_invokeSpecial: {
88                     member = member.asSpecial();
89                     // if caller is an interface we need to adapt to get the
90                     // receiver check inserted
91                     if (callerClass == null) {
92                         throw new InternalError("callerClass must not be null for REF_invokeSpecial");
93                     }
94                     LambdaForm lform = preparedLambdaForm(member, callerClass.isInterface());
95                     return new Special(mtype, lform, member, callerClass);
96                 }
97                 case REF_invokeInterface: {
98                     // for interfaces we always need the receiver typecheck,
99                     // so we always pass 'true' to ensure we adapt if needed
100                     // to include the REF_invokeSpecial case
101                     LambdaForm lform = preparedLambdaForm(member, true);
102                     return new Interface(mtype, lform, member, refc);
103                 }
104                 default: {
105                     LambdaForm lform = preparedLambdaForm(member);
106                     return new DirectMethodHandle(mtype, lform, member);
107                 }
108             }
109         } else {
110             LambdaForm lform = preparedFieldLambdaForm(member);
111             if (member.isStatic()) {
112                 long offset = MethodHandleNatives.staticFieldOffset(member);
113                 Object base = MethodHandleNatives.staticFieldBase(member);
114                 return new StaticAccessor(mtype, lform, member, base, offset);
115             } else {
116                 long offset = MethodHandleNatives.objectFieldOffset(member);
117                 assert(offset == (int)offset);
118                 return new Accessor(mtype, lform, member, (int)offset);
119             }
120         }
121     }
make(Class<?> refc, MemberName member)122     static DirectMethodHandle make(Class<?> refc, MemberName member) {
123         byte refKind = member.getReferenceKind();
124         if (refKind == REF_invokeSpecial)
125             refKind =  REF_invokeVirtual;
126         return make(refKind, refc, member, null /* no callerClass context */);
127     }
make(MemberName member)128     static DirectMethodHandle make(MemberName member) {
129         if (member.isConstructor())
130             return makeAllocator(member);
131         return make(member.getDeclaringClass(), member);
132     }
makeAllocator(MemberName ctor)133     private static DirectMethodHandle makeAllocator(MemberName ctor) {
134         assert(ctor.isConstructor() && ctor.getName().equals("<init>"));
135         Class<?> instanceClass = ctor.getDeclaringClass();
136         ctor = ctor.asConstructor();
137         assert(ctor.isConstructor() && ctor.getReferenceKind() == REF_newInvokeSpecial) : ctor;
138         MethodType mtype = ctor.getMethodType().changeReturnType(instanceClass);
139         LambdaForm lform = preparedLambdaForm(ctor);
140         MemberName init = ctor.asSpecial();
141         assert(init.getMethodType().returnType() == void.class);
142         return new Constructor(mtype, lform, ctor, init, instanceClass);
143     }
144 
145     @Override
rebind()146     BoundMethodHandle rebind() {
147         return BoundMethodHandle.makeReinvoker(this);
148     }
149 
150     @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)151     MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
152         assert(this.getClass() == DirectMethodHandle.class);  // must override in subclasses
153         return new DirectMethodHandle(mt, lf, member);
154     }
155 
156     @Override
internalProperties()157     String internalProperties() {
158         return "\n& DMH.MN="+internalMemberName();
159     }
160 
161     //// Implementation methods.
162     @Override
163     @ForceInline
internalMemberName()164     MemberName internalMemberName() {
165         return member;
166     }
167 
168     private static final MemberName.Factory IMPL_NAMES = MemberName.getFactory();
169 
170     /**
171      * Create a LF which can invoke the given method.
172      * Cache and share this structure among all methods with
173      * the same basicType and refKind.
174      */
preparedLambdaForm(MemberName m, boolean adaptToSpecialIfc)175     private static LambdaForm preparedLambdaForm(MemberName m, boolean adaptToSpecialIfc) {
176         assert(m.isInvocable()) : m;  // call preparedFieldLambdaForm instead
177         MethodType mtype = m.getInvocationType().basicType();
178         assert(!m.isMethodHandleInvoke()) : m;
179         int which;
180         // MemberName.getReferenceKind represents the JVM optimized form of the call
181         // as distinct from the "kind" passed to DMH.make which represents the original
182         // bytecode-equivalent request. Specifically private/final methods that use a direct
183         // call have getReferenceKind adapted to REF_invokeSpecial, even though the actual
184         // invocation mode may be invokevirtual or invokeinterface.
185         switch (m.getReferenceKind()) {
186         case REF_invokeVirtual:    which = LF_INVVIRTUAL;    break;
187         case REF_invokeStatic:     which = LF_INVSTATIC;     break;
188         case REF_invokeSpecial:    which = LF_INVSPECIAL;    break;
189         case REF_invokeInterface:  which = LF_INVINTERFACE;  break;
190         case REF_newInvokeSpecial: which = LF_NEWINVSPECIAL; break;
191         default:  throw new InternalError(m.toString());
192         }
193         if (which == LF_INVSTATIC && shouldBeInitialized(m)) {
194             // precompute the barrier-free version:
195             preparedLambdaForm(mtype, which);
196             which = LF_INVSTATIC_INIT;
197         }
198         if (which == LF_INVSPECIAL && adaptToSpecialIfc) {
199             which = LF_INVSPECIAL_IFC;
200         }
201         LambdaForm lform = preparedLambdaForm(mtype, which);
202         maybeCompile(lform, m);
203         assert(lform.methodType().dropParameterTypes(0, 1)
204                 .equals(m.getInvocationType().basicType()))
205                 : Arrays.asList(m, m.getInvocationType().basicType(), lform, lform.methodType());
206         return lform;
207     }
208 
preparedLambdaForm(MemberName m)209     private static LambdaForm preparedLambdaForm(MemberName m) {
210         return preparedLambdaForm(m, false);
211     }
212 
preparedLambdaForm(MethodType mtype, int which)213     private static LambdaForm preparedLambdaForm(MethodType mtype, int which) {
214         LambdaForm lform = mtype.form().cachedLambdaForm(which);
215         if (lform != null)  return lform;
216         lform = makePreparedLambdaForm(mtype, which);
217         return mtype.form().setCachedLambdaForm(which, lform);
218     }
219 
makePreparedLambdaForm(MethodType mtype, int which)220     static LambdaForm makePreparedLambdaForm(MethodType mtype, int which) {
221         boolean needsInit = (which == LF_INVSTATIC_INIT);
222         boolean doesAlloc = (which == LF_NEWINVSPECIAL);
223         boolean needsReceiverCheck = (which == LF_INVINTERFACE ||
224                                       which == LF_INVSPECIAL_IFC);
225 
226         String linkerName;
227         LambdaForm.Kind kind;
228         switch (which) {
229         case LF_INVVIRTUAL:    linkerName = "linkToVirtual";   kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_VIRTUAL;     break;
230         case LF_INVSTATIC:     linkerName = "linkToStatic";    kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_STATIC;      break;
231         case LF_INVSTATIC_INIT:linkerName = "linkToStatic";    kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_STATIC_INIT; break;
232         case LF_INVSPECIAL_IFC:linkerName = "linkToSpecial";   kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_SPECIAL_IFC; break;
233         case LF_INVSPECIAL:    linkerName = "linkToSpecial";   kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_SPECIAL;     break;
234         case LF_INVINTERFACE:  linkerName = "linkToInterface"; kind = DIRECT_INVOKE_INTERFACE;   break;
235         case LF_NEWINVSPECIAL: linkerName = "linkToSpecial";   kind = DIRECT_NEW_INVOKE_SPECIAL; break;
236         default:  throw new InternalError("which="+which);
237         }
238 
239         MethodType mtypeWithArg = mtype.appendParameterTypes(MemberName.class);
240         if (doesAlloc)
241             mtypeWithArg = mtypeWithArg
242                     .insertParameterTypes(0, Object.class)  // insert newly allocated obj
243                     .changeReturnType(void.class);          // <init> returns void
244         MemberName linker = new MemberName(MethodHandle.class, linkerName, mtypeWithArg, REF_invokeStatic);
245         try {
246             linker = IMPL_NAMES.resolveOrFail(REF_invokeStatic, linker, null, NoSuchMethodException.class);
247         } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
248             throw newInternalError(ex);
249         }
250         final int DMH_THIS    = 0;
251         final int ARG_BASE    = 1;
252         final int ARG_LIMIT   = ARG_BASE + mtype.parameterCount();
253         int nameCursor = ARG_LIMIT;
254         final int NEW_OBJ     = (doesAlloc ? nameCursor++ : -1);
255         final int GET_MEMBER  = nameCursor++;
256         final int CHECK_RECEIVER = (needsReceiverCheck ? nameCursor++ : -1);
257         final int LINKER_CALL = nameCursor++;
258         Name[] names = arguments(nameCursor - ARG_LIMIT, mtype.invokerType());
259         assert(names.length == nameCursor);
260         if (doesAlloc) {
261             // names = { argx,y,z,... new C, init method }
262             names[NEW_OBJ] = new Name(getFunction(NF_allocateInstance), names[DMH_THIS]);
263             names[GET_MEMBER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_constructorMethod), names[DMH_THIS]);
264         } else if (needsInit) {
265             names[GET_MEMBER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_internalMemberNameEnsureInit), names[DMH_THIS]);
266         } else {
267             names[GET_MEMBER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_internalMemberName), names[DMH_THIS]);
268         }
269         assert(findDirectMethodHandle(names[GET_MEMBER]) == names[DMH_THIS]);
270         Object[] outArgs = Arrays.copyOfRange(names, ARG_BASE, GET_MEMBER+1, Object[].class);
271         if (needsReceiverCheck) {
272             names[CHECK_RECEIVER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkReceiver), names[DMH_THIS], names[ARG_BASE]);
273             outArgs[0] = names[CHECK_RECEIVER];
274         }
275         assert(outArgs[outArgs.length-1] == names[GET_MEMBER]);  // look, shifted args!
276         int result = LAST_RESULT;
277         if (doesAlloc) {
278             assert(outArgs[outArgs.length-2] == names[NEW_OBJ]);  // got to move this one
279             System.arraycopy(outArgs, 0, outArgs, 1, outArgs.length-2);
280             outArgs[0] = names[NEW_OBJ];
281             result = NEW_OBJ;
282         }
283         names[LINKER_CALL] = new Name(linker, outArgs);
284         LambdaForm lform = new LambdaForm(ARG_LIMIT, names, result, kind);
285 
286         // This is a tricky bit of code.  Don't send it through the LF interpreter.
287         lform.compileToBytecode();
288         return lform;
289     }
290 
findDirectMethodHandle(Name name)291     /* assert */ static Object findDirectMethodHandle(Name name) {
292         if (name.function.equals(getFunction(NF_internalMemberName)) ||
293             name.function.equals(getFunction(NF_internalMemberNameEnsureInit)) ||
294             name.function.equals(getFunction(NF_constructorMethod))) {
295             assert(name.arguments.length == 1);
296             return name.arguments[0];
297         }
298         return null;
299     }
300 
maybeCompile(LambdaForm lform, MemberName m)301     private static void maybeCompile(LambdaForm lform, MemberName m) {
302         if (lform.vmentry == null && VerifyAccess.isSamePackage(m.getDeclaringClass(), MethodHandle.class))
303             // Help along bootstrapping...
304             lform.compileToBytecode();
305     }
306 
307     /** Static wrapper for DirectMethodHandle.internalMemberName. */
308     @ForceInline
309     /*non-public*/
internalMemberName(Object mh)310     static Object internalMemberName(Object mh) {
311         return ((DirectMethodHandle)mh).member;
312     }
313 
314     /** Static wrapper for DirectMethodHandle.internalMemberName.
315      * This one also forces initialization.
316      */
317     /*non-public*/
internalMemberNameEnsureInit(Object mh)318     static Object internalMemberNameEnsureInit(Object mh) {
319         DirectMethodHandle dmh = (DirectMethodHandle)mh;
320         dmh.ensureInitialized();
321         return dmh.member;
322     }
323 
324     /*non-public*/
shouldBeInitialized(MemberName member)325     static boolean shouldBeInitialized(MemberName member) {
326         switch (member.getReferenceKind()) {
327         case REF_invokeStatic:
328         case REF_getStatic:
329         case REF_putStatic:
330         case REF_newInvokeSpecial:
331             break;
332         default:
333             // No need to initialize the class on this kind of member.
334             return false;
335         }
336         Class<?> cls = member.getDeclaringClass();
337         if (cls == ValueConversions.class ||
338             cls == MethodHandleImpl.class ||
339             cls == Invokers.class) {
340             // These guys have lots of <clinit> DMH creation but we know
341             // the MHs will not be used until the system is booted.
342             return false;
343         }
344         if (VerifyAccess.isSamePackage(MethodHandle.class, cls) ||
345             VerifyAccess.isSamePackage(ValueConversions.class, cls)) {
346             // It is a system class.  It is probably in the process of
347             // being initialized, but we will help it along just to be safe.
348             if (UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(cls)) {
349                 UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(cls);
350             }
351             return false;
352         }
353         return UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(cls);
354     }
355 
356     private static class EnsureInitialized extends ClassValue<WeakReference<Thread>> {
357         @Override
computeValue(Class<?> type)358         protected WeakReference<Thread> computeValue(Class<?> type) {
359             UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(type);
360             if (UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(type))
361                 // If the previous call didn't block, this can happen.
362                 // We are executing inside <clinit>.
363                 return new WeakReference<>(Thread.currentThread());
364             return null;
365         }
366         static final EnsureInitialized INSTANCE = new EnsureInitialized();
367     }
368 
ensureInitialized()369     private void ensureInitialized() {
370         if (checkInitialized(member)) {
371             // The coast is clear.  Delete the <clinit> barrier.
372             if (member.isField())
373                 updateForm(preparedFieldLambdaForm(member));
374             else
375                 updateForm(preparedLambdaForm(member));
376         }
377     }
checkInitialized(MemberName member)378     private static boolean checkInitialized(MemberName member) {
379         Class<?> defc = member.getDeclaringClass();
380         WeakReference<Thread> ref = EnsureInitialized.INSTANCE.get(defc);
381         if (ref == null) {
382             return true;  // the final state
383         }
384         Thread clinitThread = ref.get();
385         // Somebody may still be running defc.<clinit>.
386         if (clinitThread == Thread.currentThread()) {
387             // If anybody is running defc.<clinit>, it is this thread.
388             if (UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(defc))
389                 // Yes, we are running it; keep the barrier for now.
390                 return false;
391         } else {
392             // We are in a random thread.  Block.
393             UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(defc);
394         }
395         assert(!UNSAFE.shouldBeInitialized(defc));
396         // put it into the final state
397         EnsureInitialized.INSTANCE.remove(defc);
398         return true;
399     }
400 
401     /*non-public*/
ensureInitialized(Object mh)402     static void ensureInitialized(Object mh) {
403         ((DirectMethodHandle)mh).ensureInitialized();
404     }
405 
406     /** This subclass represents invokespecial instructions. */
407     static class Special extends DirectMethodHandle {
408         private final Class<?> caller;
Special(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, Class<?> caller)409         private Special(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, Class<?> caller) {
410             super(mtype, form, member);
411             this.caller = caller;
412         }
413         @Override
isInvokeSpecial()414         boolean isInvokeSpecial() {
415             return true;
416         }
417         @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)418         MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
419             return new Special(mt, lf, member, caller);
420         }
checkReceiver(Object recv)421         Object checkReceiver(Object recv) {
422             if (!caller.isInstance(recv)) {
423                 String msg = String.format("Receiver class %s is not a subclass of caller class %s",
424                                            recv.getClass().getName(), caller.getName());
425                 throw new IncompatibleClassChangeError(msg);
426             }
427             return recv;
428         }
429     }
430 
431     /** This subclass represents invokeinterface instructions. */
432     static class Interface extends DirectMethodHandle {
433         private final Class<?> refc;
Interface(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, Class<?> refc)434         private Interface(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, Class<?> refc) {
435             super(mtype, form, member);
436             assert refc.isInterface() : refc;
437             this.refc = refc;
438         }
439         @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)440         MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
441             return new Interface(mt, lf, member, refc);
442         }
443         @Override
checkReceiver(Object recv)444         Object checkReceiver(Object recv) {
445             if (!refc.isInstance(recv)) {
446                 String msg = String.format("Receiver class %s does not implement the requested interface %s",
447                                            recv.getClass().getName(), refc.getName());
448                 throw new IncompatibleClassChangeError(msg);
449             }
450             return recv;
451         }
452     }
453 
454     /** Used for interface receiver type checks, by Interface and Special modes. */
checkReceiver(Object recv)455     Object checkReceiver(Object recv) {
456         throw new InternalError("Should only be invoked on a subclass");
457     }
458 
459 
460     /** This subclass handles constructor references. */
461     static class Constructor extends DirectMethodHandle {
462         final MemberName initMethod;
463         final Class<?>   instanceClass;
464 
Constructor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName constructor, MemberName initMethod, Class<?> instanceClass)465         private Constructor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName constructor,
466                             MemberName initMethod, Class<?> instanceClass) {
467             super(mtype, form, constructor);
468             this.initMethod = initMethod;
469             this.instanceClass = instanceClass;
470             assert(initMethod.isResolved());
471         }
472         @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)473         MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
474             return new Constructor(mt, lf, member, initMethod, instanceClass);
475         }
476     }
477 
478     /*non-public*/
constructorMethod(Object mh)479     static Object constructorMethod(Object mh) {
480         Constructor dmh = (Constructor)mh;
481         return dmh.initMethod;
482     }
483 
484     /*non-public*/
allocateInstance(Object mh)485     static Object allocateInstance(Object mh) throws InstantiationException {
486         Constructor dmh = (Constructor)mh;
487         return UNSAFE.allocateInstance(dmh.instanceClass);
488     }
489 
490     /** This subclass handles non-static field references. */
491     static class Accessor extends DirectMethodHandle {
492         final Class<?> fieldType;
493         final int      fieldOffset;
Accessor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, int fieldOffset)494         private Accessor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member,
495                          int fieldOffset) {
496             super(mtype, form, member);
497             this.fieldType   = member.getFieldType();
498             this.fieldOffset = fieldOffset;
499         }
500 
checkCast(Object obj)501         @Override Object checkCast(Object obj) {
502             return fieldType.cast(obj);
503         }
504         @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)505         MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
506             return new Accessor(mt, lf, member, fieldOffset);
507         }
508     }
509 
510     @ForceInline
511     /*non-public*/
fieldOffset(Object accessorObj)512     static long fieldOffset(Object accessorObj) {
513         // Note: We return a long because that is what Unsafe.getObject likes.
514         // We store a plain int because it is more compact.
515         return ((Accessor)accessorObj).fieldOffset;
516     }
517 
518     @ForceInline
519     /*non-public*/
checkBase(Object obj)520     static Object checkBase(Object obj) {
521         // Note that the object's class has already been verified,
522         // since the parameter type of the Accessor method handle
523         // is either member.getDeclaringClass or a subclass.
524         // This was verified in DirectMethodHandle.make.
525         // Therefore, the only remaining check is for null.
526         // Since this check is *not* guaranteed by Unsafe.getInt
527         // and its siblings, we need to make an explicit one here.
528         return Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
529     }
530 
531     /** This subclass handles static field references. */
532     static class StaticAccessor extends DirectMethodHandle {
533         private final Class<?> fieldType;
534         private final Object   staticBase;
535         private final long     staticOffset;
536 
StaticAccessor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member, Object staticBase, long staticOffset)537         private StaticAccessor(MethodType mtype, LambdaForm form, MemberName member,
538                                Object staticBase, long staticOffset) {
539             super(mtype, form, member);
540             this.fieldType    = member.getFieldType();
541             this.staticBase   = staticBase;
542             this.staticOffset = staticOffset;
543         }
544 
checkCast(Object obj)545         @Override Object checkCast(Object obj) {
546             return fieldType.cast(obj);
547         }
548         @Override
copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf)549         MethodHandle copyWith(MethodType mt, LambdaForm lf) {
550             return new StaticAccessor(mt, lf, member, staticBase, staticOffset);
551         }
552     }
553 
554     @ForceInline
555     /*non-public*/
nullCheck(Object obj)556     static Object nullCheck(Object obj) {
557         return Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
558     }
559 
560     @ForceInline
561     /*non-public*/
staticBase(Object accessorObj)562     static Object staticBase(Object accessorObj) {
563         return ((StaticAccessor)accessorObj).staticBase;
564     }
565 
566     @ForceInline
567     /*non-public*/
staticOffset(Object accessorObj)568     static long staticOffset(Object accessorObj) {
569         return ((StaticAccessor)accessorObj).staticOffset;
570     }
571 
572     @ForceInline
573     /*non-public*/
checkCast(Object mh, Object obj)574     static Object checkCast(Object mh, Object obj) {
575         return ((DirectMethodHandle) mh).checkCast(obj);
576     }
577 
checkCast(Object obj)578     Object checkCast(Object obj) {
579         return member.getReturnType().cast(obj);
580     }
581 
582     // Caching machinery for field accessors:
583     static final byte
584             AF_GETFIELD        = 0,
585             AF_PUTFIELD        = 1,
586             AF_GETSTATIC       = 2,
587             AF_PUTSTATIC       = 3,
588             AF_GETSTATIC_INIT  = 4,
589             AF_PUTSTATIC_INIT  = 5,
590             AF_LIMIT           = 6;
591     // Enumerate the different field kinds using Wrapper,
592     // with an extra case added for checked references.
593     static final int
594             FT_LAST_WRAPPER    = Wrapper.COUNT-1,
595             FT_UNCHECKED_REF   = Wrapper.OBJECT.ordinal(),
596             FT_CHECKED_REF     = FT_LAST_WRAPPER+1,
597             FT_LIMIT           = FT_LAST_WRAPPER+2;
afIndex(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind)598     private static int afIndex(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind) {
599         return ((formOp * FT_LIMIT * 2)
600                 + (isVolatile ? FT_LIMIT : 0)
601                 + ftypeKind);
602     }
603     @Stable
604     private static final LambdaForm[] ACCESSOR_FORMS
605             = new LambdaForm[afIndex(AF_LIMIT, false, 0)];
ftypeKind(Class<?> ftype)606     static int ftypeKind(Class<?> ftype) {
607         if (ftype.isPrimitive())
608             return Wrapper.forPrimitiveType(ftype).ordinal();
609         else if (VerifyType.isNullReferenceConversion(Object.class, ftype))
610             return FT_UNCHECKED_REF;
611         else
612             return FT_CHECKED_REF;
613     }
614 
615     /**
616      * Create a LF which can access the given field.
617      * Cache and share this structure among all fields with
618      * the same basicType and refKind.
619      */
preparedFieldLambdaForm(MemberName m)620     private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(MemberName m) {
621         Class<?> ftype = m.getFieldType();
622         boolean isVolatile = m.isVolatile();
623         byte formOp;
624         switch (m.getReferenceKind()) {
625         case REF_getField:      formOp = AF_GETFIELD;    break;
626         case REF_putField:      formOp = AF_PUTFIELD;    break;
627         case REF_getStatic:     formOp = AF_GETSTATIC;   break;
628         case REF_putStatic:     formOp = AF_PUTSTATIC;   break;
629         default:  throw new InternalError(m.toString());
630         }
631         if (shouldBeInitialized(m)) {
632             // precompute the barrier-free version:
633             preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftype);
634             assert((AF_GETSTATIC_INIT - AF_GETSTATIC) ==
635                    (AF_PUTSTATIC_INIT - AF_PUTSTATIC));
636             formOp += (AF_GETSTATIC_INIT - AF_GETSTATIC);
637         }
638         LambdaForm lform = preparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftype);
639         maybeCompile(lform, m);
640         assert(lform.methodType().dropParameterTypes(0, 1)
641                 .equals(m.getInvocationType().basicType()))
642                 : Arrays.asList(m, m.getInvocationType().basicType(), lform, lform.methodType());
643         return lform;
644     }
preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, Class<?> ftype)645     private static LambdaForm preparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, Class<?> ftype) {
646         int ftypeKind = ftypeKind(ftype);
647         int afIndex = afIndex(formOp, isVolatile, ftypeKind);
648         LambdaForm lform = ACCESSOR_FORMS[afIndex];
649         if (lform != null)  return lform;
650         lform = makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(formOp, isVolatile, ftypeKind);
651         ACCESSOR_FORMS[afIndex] = lform;  // don't bother with a CAS
652         return lform;
653     }
654 
655     private static final Wrapper[] ALL_WRAPPERS = Wrapper.values();
656 
getFieldKind(boolean isGetter, boolean isVolatile, Wrapper wrapper)657     private static Kind getFieldKind(boolean isGetter, boolean isVolatile, Wrapper wrapper) {
658         if (isGetter) {
659             if (isVolatile) {
660                 switch (wrapper) {
661                     case BOOLEAN: return GET_BOOLEAN_VOLATILE;
662                     case BYTE:    return GET_BYTE_VOLATILE;
663                     case SHORT:   return GET_SHORT_VOLATILE;
664                     case CHAR:    return GET_CHAR_VOLATILE;
665                     case INT:     return GET_INT_VOLATILE;
666                     case LONG:    return GET_LONG_VOLATILE;
667                     case FLOAT:   return GET_FLOAT_VOLATILE;
668                     case DOUBLE:  return GET_DOUBLE_VOLATILE;
669                     case OBJECT:  return GET_REFERENCE_VOLATILE;
670                 }
671             } else {
672                 switch (wrapper) {
673                     case BOOLEAN: return GET_BOOLEAN;
674                     case BYTE:    return GET_BYTE;
675                     case SHORT:   return GET_SHORT;
676                     case CHAR:    return GET_CHAR;
677                     case INT:     return GET_INT;
678                     case LONG:    return GET_LONG;
679                     case FLOAT:   return GET_FLOAT;
680                     case DOUBLE:  return GET_DOUBLE;
681                     case OBJECT:  return GET_REFERENCE;
682                 }
683             }
684         } else {
685             if (isVolatile) {
686                 switch (wrapper) {
687                     case BOOLEAN: return PUT_BOOLEAN_VOLATILE;
688                     case BYTE:    return PUT_BYTE_VOLATILE;
689                     case SHORT:   return PUT_SHORT_VOLATILE;
690                     case CHAR:    return PUT_CHAR_VOLATILE;
691                     case INT:     return PUT_INT_VOLATILE;
692                     case LONG:    return PUT_LONG_VOLATILE;
693                     case FLOAT:   return PUT_FLOAT_VOLATILE;
694                     case DOUBLE:  return PUT_DOUBLE_VOLATILE;
695                     case OBJECT:  return PUT_REFERENCE_VOLATILE;
696                 }
697             } else {
698                 switch (wrapper) {
699                     case BOOLEAN: return PUT_BOOLEAN;
700                     case BYTE:    return PUT_BYTE;
701                     case SHORT:   return PUT_SHORT;
702                     case CHAR:    return PUT_CHAR;
703                     case INT:     return PUT_INT;
704                     case LONG:    return PUT_LONG;
705                     case FLOAT:   return PUT_FLOAT;
706                     case DOUBLE:  return PUT_DOUBLE;
707                     case OBJECT:  return PUT_REFERENCE;
708                 }
709             }
710         }
711         throw new AssertionError("Invalid arguments");
712     }
713 
makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind)714     static LambdaForm makePreparedFieldLambdaForm(byte formOp, boolean isVolatile, int ftypeKind) {
715         boolean isGetter  = (formOp & 1) == (AF_GETFIELD & 1);
716         boolean isStatic  = (formOp >= AF_GETSTATIC);
717         boolean needsInit = (formOp >= AF_GETSTATIC_INIT);
718         boolean needsCast = (ftypeKind == FT_CHECKED_REF);
719         Wrapper fw = (needsCast ? Wrapper.OBJECT : ALL_WRAPPERS[ftypeKind]);
720         Class<?> ft = fw.primitiveType();
721         assert(ftypeKind(needsCast ? String.class : ft) == ftypeKind);
722 
723         // getObject, putIntVolatile, etc.
724         Kind kind = getFieldKind(isGetter, isVolatile, fw);
725 
726         MethodType linkerType;
727         if (isGetter)
728             linkerType = MethodType.methodType(ft, Object.class, long.class);
729         else
730             linkerType = MethodType.methodType(void.class, Object.class, long.class, ft);
731         MemberName linker = new MemberName(Unsafe.class, kind.methodName, linkerType, REF_invokeVirtual);
732         try {
733             linker = IMPL_NAMES.resolveOrFail(REF_invokeVirtual, linker, null, NoSuchMethodException.class);
734         } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
735             throw newInternalError(ex);
736         }
737 
738         // What is the external type of the lambda form?
739         MethodType mtype;
740         if (isGetter)
741             mtype = MethodType.methodType(ft);
742         else
743             mtype = MethodType.methodType(void.class, ft);
744         mtype = mtype.basicType();  // erase short to int, etc.
745         if (!isStatic)
746             mtype = mtype.insertParameterTypes(0, Object.class);
747         final int DMH_THIS  = 0;
748         final int ARG_BASE  = 1;
749         final int ARG_LIMIT = ARG_BASE + mtype.parameterCount();
750         // if this is for non-static access, the base pointer is stored at this index:
751         final int OBJ_BASE  = isStatic ? -1 : ARG_BASE;
752         // if this is for write access, the value to be written is stored at this index:
753         final int SET_VALUE  = isGetter ? -1 : ARG_LIMIT - 1;
754         int nameCursor = ARG_LIMIT;
755         final int F_HOLDER  = (isStatic ? nameCursor++ : -1);  // static base if any
756         final int F_OFFSET  = nameCursor++;  // Either static offset or field offset.
757         final int OBJ_CHECK = (OBJ_BASE >= 0 ? nameCursor++ : -1);
758         final int U_HOLDER  = nameCursor++;  // UNSAFE holder
759         final int INIT_BAR  = (needsInit ? nameCursor++ : -1);
760         final int PRE_CAST  = (needsCast && !isGetter ? nameCursor++ : -1);
761         final int LINKER_CALL = nameCursor++;
762         final int POST_CAST = (needsCast && isGetter ? nameCursor++ : -1);
763         final int RESULT    = nameCursor-1;  // either the call or the cast
764         Name[] names = arguments(nameCursor - ARG_LIMIT, mtype.invokerType());
765         if (needsInit)
766             names[INIT_BAR] = new Name(getFunction(NF_ensureInitialized), names[DMH_THIS]);
767         if (needsCast && !isGetter)
768             names[PRE_CAST] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkCast), names[DMH_THIS], names[SET_VALUE]);
769         Object[] outArgs = new Object[1 + linkerType.parameterCount()];
770         assert(outArgs.length == (isGetter ? 3 : 4));
771         outArgs[0] = names[U_HOLDER] = new Name(getFunction(NF_UNSAFE));
772         if (isStatic) {
773             outArgs[1] = names[F_HOLDER]  = new Name(getFunction(NF_staticBase), names[DMH_THIS]);
774             outArgs[2] = names[F_OFFSET]  = new Name(getFunction(NF_staticOffset), names[DMH_THIS]);
775         } else {
776             outArgs[1] = names[OBJ_CHECK] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkBase), names[OBJ_BASE]);
777             outArgs[2] = names[F_OFFSET]  = new Name(getFunction(NF_fieldOffset), names[DMH_THIS]);
778         }
779         if (!isGetter) {
780             outArgs[3] = (needsCast ? names[PRE_CAST] : names[SET_VALUE]);
781         }
782         for (Object a : outArgs)  assert(a != null);
783         names[LINKER_CALL] = new Name(linker, outArgs);
784         if (needsCast && isGetter)
785             names[POST_CAST] = new Name(getFunction(NF_checkCast), names[DMH_THIS], names[LINKER_CALL]);
786         for (Name n : names)  assert(n != null);
787 
788         LambdaForm form;
789         if (needsCast || needsInit) {
790             // can't use the pre-generated form when casting and/or initializing
791             form = new LambdaForm(ARG_LIMIT, names, RESULT);
792         } else {
793             form = new LambdaForm(ARG_LIMIT, names, RESULT, kind);
794         }
795 
796         if (LambdaForm.debugNames()) {
797             // add some detail to the lambdaForm debugname,
798             // significant only for debugging
799             StringBuilder nameBuilder = new StringBuilder(kind.methodName);
800             if (isStatic) {
801                 nameBuilder.append("Static");
802             } else {
803                 nameBuilder.append("Field");
804             }
805             if (needsCast) {
806                 nameBuilder.append("Cast");
807             }
808             if (needsInit) {
809                 nameBuilder.append("Init");
810             }
811             LambdaForm.associateWithDebugName(form, nameBuilder.toString());
812         }
813         return form;
814     }
815 
816     /**
817      * Pre-initialized NamedFunctions for bootstrapping purposes.
818      */
819     static final byte NF_internalMemberName = 0,
820             NF_internalMemberNameEnsureInit = 1,
821             NF_ensureInitialized = 2,
822             NF_fieldOffset = 3,
823             NF_checkBase = 4,
824             NF_staticBase = 5,
825             NF_staticOffset = 6,
826             NF_checkCast = 7,
827             NF_allocateInstance = 8,
828             NF_constructorMethod = 9,
829             NF_UNSAFE = 10,
830             NF_checkReceiver = 11,
831             NF_LIMIT = 12;
832 
833     private static final @Stable NamedFunction[] NFS = new NamedFunction[NF_LIMIT];
834 
getFunction(byte func)835     private static NamedFunction getFunction(byte func) {
836         NamedFunction nf = NFS[func];
837         if (nf != null) {
838             return nf;
839         }
840         // Each nf must be statically invocable or we get tied up in our bootstraps.
841         nf = NFS[func] = createFunction(func);
842         assert(InvokerBytecodeGenerator.isStaticallyInvocable(nf));
843         return nf;
844     }
845 
846     private static final MethodType OBJ_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(Object.class, Object.class);
847 
848     private static final MethodType LONG_OBJ_TYPE = MethodType.methodType(long.class, Object.class);
849 
createFunction(byte func)850     private static NamedFunction createFunction(byte func) {
851         try {
852             switch (func) {
853                 case NF_internalMemberName:
854                     return getNamedFunction("internalMemberName", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
855                 case NF_internalMemberNameEnsureInit:
856                     return getNamedFunction("internalMemberNameEnsureInit", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
857                 case NF_ensureInitialized:
858                     return getNamedFunction("ensureInitialized", MethodType.methodType(void.class, Object.class));
859                 case NF_fieldOffset:
860                     return getNamedFunction("fieldOffset", LONG_OBJ_TYPE);
861                 case NF_checkBase:
862                     return getNamedFunction("checkBase", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
863                 case NF_staticBase:
864                     return getNamedFunction("staticBase", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
865                 case NF_staticOffset:
866                     return getNamedFunction("staticOffset", LONG_OBJ_TYPE);
867                 case NF_checkCast:
868                     return getNamedFunction("checkCast", MethodType.methodType(Object.class, Object.class, Object.class));
869                 case NF_allocateInstance:
870                     return getNamedFunction("allocateInstance", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
871                 case NF_constructorMethod:
872                     return getNamedFunction("constructorMethod", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE);
873                 case NF_UNSAFE:
874                     MemberName member = new MemberName(MethodHandleStatics.class, "UNSAFE", Unsafe.class, REF_getField);
875                     return new NamedFunction(
876                             MemberName.getFactory()
877                                     .resolveOrFail(REF_getField, member, DirectMethodHandle.class, NoSuchMethodException.class));
878                 case NF_checkReceiver:
879                     member = new MemberName(DirectMethodHandle.class, "checkReceiver", OBJ_OBJ_TYPE, REF_invokeVirtual);
880                     return new NamedFunction(
881                         MemberName.getFactory()
882                             .resolveOrFail(REF_invokeVirtual, member, DirectMethodHandle.class, NoSuchMethodException.class));
883                 default:
884                     throw newInternalError("Unknown function: " + func);
885             }
886         } catch (ReflectiveOperationException ex) {
887             throw newInternalError(ex);
888         }
889     }
890 
getNamedFunction(String name, MethodType type)891     private static NamedFunction getNamedFunction(String name, MethodType type)
892         throws ReflectiveOperationException
893     {
894         MemberName member = new MemberName(DirectMethodHandle.class, name, type, REF_invokeStatic);
895         return new NamedFunction(
896             MemberName.getFactory()
897                 .resolveOrFail(REF_invokeStatic, member, DirectMethodHandle.class, NoSuchMethodException.class));
898     }
899 
900     static {
901         // The Holder class will contain pre-generated DirectMethodHandles resolved
902         // speculatively using MemberName.getFactory().resolveOrNull. However, that
903         // doesn't initialize the class, which subtly breaks inlining etc. By forcing
904         // initialization of the Holder class we avoid these issues.
905         UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(Holder.class);
906     }
907 
908     /* Placeholder class for DirectMethodHandles generated ahead of time */
909     final class Holder {}
910 }
911