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3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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5  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
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46 
47 /* hsdis.c -- dump a range of addresses as native instructions
48    This implements the plugin protocol required by the
49    HotSpot PrintAssembly option.
50 */
51 
52 #include <config.h> /* required by bfd.h */
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <inttypes.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 
57 #include <libiberty.h>
58 #include <bfd.h>
59 #include <bfdver.h>
60 #include <dis-asm.h>
61 
62 #include "hsdis.h"
63 
64 #ifndef bool
65 #define bool int
66 #define true 1
67 #define false 0
68 #endif /*bool*/
69 
70 /* short names for stuff in hsdis.h */
71 typedef decode_instructions_event_callback_ftype  event_callback_t;
72 typedef decode_instructions_printf_callback_ftype printf_callback_t;
73 
74 /* disassemble_info.application_data object */
75 struct hsdis_app_data {
76   /* virtual address of data */
77   uintptr_t start_va, end_va;
78   /* the instructions to be decoded */
79   unsigned char* buffer;
80   uintptr_t length;
81   event_callback_t  event_callback;  void* event_stream;
82   printf_callback_t printf_callback; void* printf_stream;
83   bool losing;
84   bool do_newline;
85 
86   /* the architecture being disassembled */
87   const char* arch_name;
88   const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info;
89 
90   /* the disassembler we are going to use: */
91   disassembler_ftype      dfn;
92   struct disassemble_info dinfo; /* the actual struct! */
93 
94   char mach_option[64];
95   char insn_options[256];
96 };
97 
98 static void* decode(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* options);
99 
100 #define DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo) \
101   struct hsdis_app_data* app_data = (struct hsdis_app_data*) (dinfo)->application_data
102 
103 #define DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data) \
104   event_callback_t  event_callback = (app_data)->event_callback; \
105   void*             event_stream   = (app_data)->event_stream
106 
107 #define DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data) \
108   printf_callback_t  printf_callback = (app_data)->printf_callback; \
109   void*              printf_stream   = (app_data)->printf_stream
110 
111 
112 static void print_help(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
113                        const char* msg, const char* arg);
114 static void setup_app_data(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
115                            const char* options);
116 static const char* format_insn_close(const char* close,
117                                      disassemble_info* dinfo,
118                                      char* buf, size_t bufsize);
119 
120 void*
121 #ifdef DLL_ENTRY
122   DLL_ENTRY
123 #endif
decode_instructions_virtual(uintptr_t start_va,uintptr_t end_va,unsigned char * buffer,uintptr_t length,event_callback_t event_callback_arg,void * event_stream_arg,printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg,void * printf_stream_arg,const char * options,int newline)124 decode_instructions_virtual(uintptr_t start_va, uintptr_t end_va,
125                             unsigned char* buffer, uintptr_t length,
126                             event_callback_t  event_callback_arg,  void* event_stream_arg,
127                             printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg, void* printf_stream_arg,
128                             const char* options, int newline) {
129   struct hsdis_app_data app_data;
130   memset(&app_data, 0, sizeof(app_data));
131   app_data.start_va    = start_va;
132   app_data.end_va      = end_va;
133   app_data.buffer = buffer;
134   app_data.length = length;
135   app_data.event_callback  = event_callback_arg;
136   app_data.event_stream    = event_stream_arg;
137   app_data.printf_callback = printf_callback_arg;
138   app_data.printf_stream   = printf_stream_arg;
139   app_data.do_newline = newline == 0 ? false : true;
140 
141   return decode(&app_data, options);
142 }
143 
144 /* This is the compatability interface for older version of hotspot */
145 void*
146 #ifdef DLL_ENTRY
147   DLL_ENTRY
148 #endif
decode_instructions(void * start_pv,void * end_pv,event_callback_t event_callback_arg,void * event_stream_arg,printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg,void * printf_stream_arg,const char * options)149 decode_instructions(void* start_pv, void* end_pv,
150                     event_callback_t  event_callback_arg,  void* event_stream_arg,
151                     printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg, void* printf_stream_arg,
152                     const char* options) {
153   return decode_instructions_virtual((uintptr_t)start_pv,
154                                      (uintptr_t)end_pv,
155                                      (unsigned char*)start_pv,
156                                      (uintptr_t)end_pv - (uintptr_t)start_pv,
157                                      event_callback_arg,
158                                      event_stream_arg,
159                                      printf_callback_arg,
160                                      printf_stream_arg,
161                                      options, false);
162 }
163 
decode(struct hsdis_app_data * app_data,const char * options)164 static void* decode(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* options) {
165   setup_app_data(app_data, options);
166   char buf[128];
167 
168   {
169     /* now reload everything from app_data: */
170     DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data);
171     DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data);
172     uintptr_t start = app_data->start_va;
173     uintptr_t end   = app_data->end_va;
174     uintptr_t p     = start;
175 
176     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "insns", (void*)start);
177 
178     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "mach name='%s'",
179                       (void*) app_data->arch_info->printable_name);
180     if (app_data->dinfo.bytes_per_line != 0) {
181       (*event_callback)(event_stream, "format bytes-per-line='%p'/",
182                         (void*)(intptr_t) app_data->dinfo.bytes_per_line);
183     }
184 
185     while (p < end && !app_data->losing) {
186       (*event_callback)(event_stream, "insn", (void*) p);
187 
188       /* reset certain state, so we can read it with confidence */
189       app_data->dinfo.insn_info_valid    = 0;
190       app_data->dinfo.branch_delay_insns = 0;
191       app_data->dinfo.data_size          = 0;
192       app_data->dinfo.insn_type          = 0;
193 
194       int size = (*app_data->dfn)((bfd_vma) p, &app_data->dinfo);
195 
196       if (size > 0)  p += size;
197       else           app_data->losing = true;
198 
199       if (!app_data->losing) {
200         const char* insn_close = format_insn_close("/insn", &app_data->dinfo,
201                                                    buf, sizeof(buf));
202         (*event_callback)(event_stream, insn_close, (void*) p);
203 
204         if (app_data->do_newline) {
205           /* follow each complete insn by a nice newline */
206           (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "\n");
207         }
208       }
209     }
210 
211     if (app_data->losing) (*event_callback)(event_stream, "/insns", (void*) p);
212     return (void*) p;
213   }
214 }
215 
216 /* take the address of the function, for luck, and also test the typedef: */
217 const decode_func_vtype decode_func_virtual_address = &decode_instructions_virtual;
218 const decode_func_stype decode_func_address = &decode_instructions;
219 
format_insn_close(const char * close,disassemble_info * dinfo,char * buf,size_t bufsize)220 static const char* format_insn_close(const char* close,
221                                      disassemble_info* dinfo,
222                                      char* buf, size_t bufsize) {
223   if (!dinfo->insn_info_valid)
224     return close;
225   enum dis_insn_type itype = dinfo->insn_type;
226   int dsize = dinfo->data_size, delays = dinfo->branch_delay_insns;
227   if ((itype == dis_nonbranch && (dsize | delays) == 0)
228       || (strlen(close) + 3*20 > bufsize))
229     return close;
230 
231   const char* type = "unknown";
232   switch (itype) {
233   case dis_nonbranch:   type = NULL;         break;
234   case dis_branch:      type = "branch";     break;
235   case dis_condbranch:  type = "condbranch"; break;
236   case dis_jsr:         type = "jsr";        break;
237   case dis_condjsr:     type = "condjsr";    break;
238   case dis_dref:        type = "dref";       break;
239   case dis_dref2:       type = "dref2";      break;
240   case dis_noninsn:     type = "noninsn";    break;
241   }
242 
243   strcpy(buf, close);
244   char* p = buf;
245   if (type)    sprintf(p += strlen(p), " type='%s'", type);
246   if (dsize)   sprintf(p += strlen(p), " dsize='%d'", dsize);
247   if (delays)  sprintf(p += strlen(p), " delay='%d'", delays);
248   return buf;
249 }
250 
251 /* handler functions */
252 
253 static int
hsdis_read_memory_func(bfd_vma memaddr,bfd_byte * myaddr,unsigned int length,struct disassemble_info * dinfo)254 hsdis_read_memory_func(bfd_vma memaddr,
255                        bfd_byte* myaddr,
256                        unsigned int length,
257                        struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
258   DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo);
259   /* convert the virtual address memaddr into an address within memory buffer */
260   uintptr_t offset = ((uintptr_t) memaddr) - app_data->start_va;
261   if (offset + length > app_data->length) {
262     /* read is out of bounds */
263     return EIO;
264   } else {
265     memcpy(myaddr, (bfd_byte*) (app_data->buffer + offset), length);
266     return 0;
267   }
268 }
269 
270 static void
hsdis_print_address_func(bfd_vma vma,struct disassemble_info * dinfo)271 hsdis_print_address_func(bfd_vma vma, struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
272   /* the actual value to print: */
273   void* addr_value = (void*) (uintptr_t) vma;
274   DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo);
275   DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data);
276 
277   /* issue the event: */
278   void* result =
279     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "addr/", addr_value);
280   if (result == NULL) {
281     /* event declined */
282     generic_print_address(vma, dinfo);
283   }
284 }
285 
286 
287 /* configuration */
288 
289 static void set_optional_callbacks(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data);
290 static void parse_caller_options(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
291                                  const char* caller_options);
292 static const char* native_arch_name();
293 static enum bfd_endian native_endian();
294 static const bfd_arch_info_type* find_arch_info(const char* arch_nane);
295 static bfd* get_native_bfd(const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info,
296                            /* to avoid malloc: */
297                            bfd* empty_bfd, bfd_target* empty_xvec);
298 static void init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(struct disassemble_info* dinfo,
299                                            void *stream,
300                                            fprintf_ftype fprintf_func,
301                                            bfd* bfd,
302                                            char* disassembler_options);
303 static void parse_fake_insn(disassembler_ftype dfn,
304                             struct disassemble_info* dinfo);
305 
setup_app_data(struct hsdis_app_data * app_data,const char * caller_options)306 static void setup_app_data(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
307                            const char* caller_options) {
308   /* Make reasonable defaults for null callbacks.
309      A non-null stream for a null callback is assumed to be a FILE* for output.
310      Events are rendered as XML.
311   */
312   set_optional_callbacks(app_data);
313 
314   /* Look into caller_options for anything interesting. */
315   if (caller_options != NULL)
316     parse_caller_options(app_data, caller_options);
317 
318   /* Discover which architecture we are going to disassemble. */
319   app_data->arch_name = &app_data->mach_option[0];
320   if (app_data->arch_name[0] == '\0')
321     app_data->arch_name = native_arch_name();
322   app_data->arch_info = find_arch_info(app_data->arch_name);
323 
324   /* Make a fake bfd to hold the arch. and byteorder info. */
325   struct {
326     bfd_target empty_xvec;
327     bfd        empty_bfd;
328   } buf;
329   bfd* native_bfd = get_native_bfd(app_data->arch_info,
330                                    /* to avoid malloc: */
331                                    &buf.empty_bfd, &buf.empty_xvec);
332   init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(&app_data->dinfo,
333                                  app_data->printf_stream,
334                                  app_data->printf_callback,
335                                  native_bfd,
336                                  /* On PowerPC we get warnings, if we pass empty options */
337                                  (caller_options == NULL) ? NULL : app_data->insn_options);
338 
339   /* Finish linking together the various callback blocks. */
340   app_data->dinfo.application_data = (void*) app_data;
341   app_data->dfn = disassembler(bfd_get_arch(native_bfd),
342                                bfd_big_endian(native_bfd),
343                                bfd_get_mach(native_bfd),
344                                native_bfd);
345   app_data->dinfo.print_address_func = hsdis_print_address_func;
346   app_data->dinfo.read_memory_func = hsdis_read_memory_func;
347 
348   if (app_data->dfn == NULL) {
349     const char* bad = app_data->arch_name;
350     static bool complained;
351     if (bad == &app_data->mach_option[0])
352       print_help(app_data, "bad mach=%s", bad);
353     else if (!complained)
354       print_help(app_data, "bad native mach=%s; please port hsdis to this platform", bad);
355     complained = true;
356     /* must bail out */
357     app_data->losing = true;
358     return;
359   }
360 
361   parse_fake_insn(app_data->dfn, &app_data->dinfo);
362 }
363 
364 
365 /* ignore all events, return a null */
null_event_callback(void * ignore_stream,const char * ignore_event,void * arg)366 static void* null_event_callback(void* ignore_stream, const char* ignore_event, void* arg) {
367   return NULL;
368 }
369 
370 /* print all events as XML markup */
xml_event_callback(void * stream,const char * event,void * arg)371 static void* xml_event_callback(void* stream, const char* event, void* arg) {
372   FILE* fp = (FILE*) stream;
373 #define NS_PFX "dis:"
374   if (event[0] != '/') {
375     /* issue the tag, with or without a formatted argument */
376     fprintf(fp, "<"NS_PFX);
377     fprintf(fp, event, arg);
378     fprintf(fp, ">");
379   } else {
380     ++event;                    /* skip slash */
381     const char* argp = strchr(event, ' ');
382     if (argp == NULL) {
383       /* no arguments; just issue the closing tag */
384       fprintf(fp, "</"NS_PFX"%s>", event);
385     } else {
386       /* split out the closing attributes as <dis:foo_done attr='val'/> */
387       int event_prefix = (argp - event);
388       fprintf(fp, "<"NS_PFX"%.*s_done", event_prefix, event);
389       fprintf(fp, argp, arg);
390       fprintf(fp, "/></"NS_PFX"%.*s>", event_prefix, event);
391     }
392   }
393   return NULL;
394 }
395 
set_optional_callbacks(struct hsdis_app_data * app_data)396 static void set_optional_callbacks(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data) {
397   if (app_data->printf_callback == NULL) {
398     int (*fprintf_callback)(FILE*, const char*, ...) = &fprintf;
399     FILE* fprintf_stream = stdout;
400     app_data->printf_callback = (printf_callback_t) fprintf_callback;
401     if (app_data->printf_stream == NULL)
402       app_data->printf_stream   = (void*)           fprintf_stream;
403   }
404   if (app_data->event_callback == NULL) {
405     if (app_data->event_stream == NULL)
406       app_data->event_callback = &null_event_callback;
407     else
408       app_data->event_callback = &xml_event_callback;
409   }
410 
411 }
412 
parse_caller_options(struct hsdis_app_data * app_data,const char * caller_options)413 static void parse_caller_options(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* caller_options) {
414   char* iop_base = app_data->insn_options;
415   char* iop_limit = iop_base + sizeof(app_data->insn_options) - 1;
416   char* iop = iop_base;
417   const char* p;
418   for (p = caller_options; p != NULL; ) {
419     const char* q = strchr(p, ',');
420     size_t plen = (q == NULL) ? strlen(p) : ((q++) - p);
421     if (plen == 4 && strncmp(p, "help", plen) == 0) {
422       print_help(app_data, NULL, NULL);
423     } else if (plen >= 5 && strncmp(p, "mach=", 5) == 0) {
424       char*  mach_option = app_data->mach_option;
425       size_t mach_size   = sizeof(app_data->mach_option);
426       mach_size -= 1;           /*leave room for the null*/
427       if (plen > mach_size)  plen = mach_size;
428       strncpy(mach_option, p, plen);
429       mach_option[plen] = '\0';
430     } else if (plen > 6 && strncmp(p, "hsdis-", 6) == 0) {
431       // do not pass these to the next level
432     } else {
433       /* just copy it; {i386,sparc}-dis.c might like to see it  */
434       if (iop > iop_base && iop < iop_limit)  (*iop++) = ',';
435       if (iop + plen > iop_limit)
436         plen = iop_limit - iop;
437       strncpy(iop, p, plen);
438       iop += plen;
439     }
440     p = q;
441   }
442   *iop = '\0';
443 }
444 
print_help(struct hsdis_app_data * app_data,const char * msg,const char * arg)445 static void print_help(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
446                        const char* msg, const char* arg) {
447   DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data);
448   if (msg != NULL) {
449     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "hsdis: ");
450     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, msg, arg);
451     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "\n");
452   }
453   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "hsdis output options:\n");
454   if (printf_callback == (printf_callback_t) &fprintf)
455     disassembler_usage((FILE*) printf_stream);
456   else
457     disassembler_usage(stderr); /* better than nothing */
458   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=<arch>   select disassembly mode\n");
459 #if defined(LIBARCH_i386) || defined(LIBARCH_amd64)
460   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=i386     select 32-bit mode\n");
461   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=x86-64   select 64-bit mode\n");
462   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  suffix        always print instruction suffix\n");
463 #endif
464   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  help          print this message\n");
465 }
466 
467 
468 /* low-level bfd and arch stuff that binutils doesn't do for us */
469 
find_arch_info(const char * arch_name)470 static const bfd_arch_info_type* find_arch_info(const char* arch_name) {
471   const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info = bfd_scan_arch(arch_name);
472   if (arch_info == NULL) {
473     extern const bfd_arch_info_type bfd_default_arch_struct;
474     arch_info = &bfd_default_arch_struct;
475   }
476   return arch_info;
477 }
478 
native_arch_name()479 static const char* native_arch_name() {
480   const char* res = NULL;
481 #ifdef LIBARCH_i386
482   res = "i386";
483 #endif
484 #ifdef LIBARCH_amd64
485   res = "i386:x86-64";
486 #endif
487 #if  defined(LIBARCH_ppc64) || defined(LIBARCH_ppc64le)
488   res = "powerpc:common64";
489 #endif
490 #ifdef LIBARCH_arm
491   res = "arm";
492 #endif
493 #ifdef LIBARCH_aarch64
494   res = "aarch64";
495 #endif
496 #ifdef LIBARCH_s390x
497   res = "s390:64-bit";
498 #endif
499   if (res == NULL)
500     res = "architecture not set in Makefile!";
501   return res;
502 }
503 
native_endian()504 static enum bfd_endian native_endian() {
505   int32_t endian_test = 'x';
506   if (*(const char*) &endian_test == 'x')
507     return BFD_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
508   else
509     return BFD_ENDIAN_BIG;
510 }
511 
get_native_bfd(const bfd_arch_info_type * arch_info,bfd * empty_bfd,bfd_target * empty_xvec)512 static bfd* get_native_bfd(const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info,
513                            bfd* empty_bfd, bfd_target* empty_xvec) {
514   memset(empty_bfd,  0, sizeof(*empty_bfd));
515   memset(empty_xvec, 0, sizeof(*empty_xvec));
516   empty_xvec->flavour = bfd_target_unknown_flavour;
517   empty_xvec->byteorder = native_endian();
518   empty_bfd->xvec = empty_xvec;
519   empty_bfd->arch_info = arch_info;
520   return empty_bfd;
521 }
522 
read_zero_data_only(bfd_vma ignore_p,bfd_byte * myaddr,unsigned int length,struct disassemble_info * ignore_info)523 static int read_zero_data_only(bfd_vma ignore_p,
524                                bfd_byte* myaddr, unsigned int length,
525                                struct disassemble_info *ignore_info) {
526   memset(myaddr, 0, length);
527   return 0;
528 }
print_to_dev_null(void * ignore_stream,const char * ignore_format,...)529 static int print_to_dev_null(void* ignore_stream, const char* ignore_format, ...) {
530   return 0;
531 }
532 
533 /* Prime the pump by running the selected disassembler on a null input.
534    This forces the machine-specific disassembler to divulge invariant
535    information like bytes_per_line.
536  */
parse_fake_insn(disassembler_ftype dfn,struct disassemble_info * dinfo)537 static void parse_fake_insn(disassembler_ftype dfn,
538                             struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
539   typedef int (*read_memory_ftype)
540     (bfd_vma memaddr, bfd_byte *myaddr, unsigned int length,
541      struct disassemble_info *info);
542   read_memory_ftype read_memory_func = dinfo->read_memory_func;
543   fprintf_ftype     fprintf_func     = dinfo->fprintf_func;
544 
545   dinfo->read_memory_func = &read_zero_data_only;
546   dinfo->fprintf_func     = &print_to_dev_null;
547   (*dfn)(0, dinfo);
548 
549   /* put it back */
550   dinfo->read_memory_func = read_memory_func;
551   dinfo->fprintf_func     = fprintf_func;
552 }
553 
init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(struct disassemble_info * dinfo,void * stream,fprintf_ftype fprintf_func,bfd * abfd,char * disassembler_options)554 static void init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(struct disassemble_info* dinfo,
555                                            void *stream,
556                                            fprintf_ftype fprintf_func,
557                                            bfd* abfd,
558                                            char* disassembler_options) {
559   init_disassemble_info(dinfo, stream, fprintf_func);
560 
561   dinfo->flavour = bfd_get_flavour(abfd);
562   dinfo->arch = bfd_get_arch(abfd);
563   dinfo->mach = bfd_get_mach(abfd);
564   dinfo->disassembler_options = disassembler_options;
565 #if BFD_VERSION >= 234000000
566   /* bfd_octets_per_byte() has 2 args since binutils 2.34 */
567   dinfo->octets_per_byte = bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd, NULL);
568 #else
569   dinfo->octets_per_byte = bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
570 #endif
571   dinfo->skip_zeroes = sizeof(void*) * 2;
572   dinfo->skip_zeroes_at_end = sizeof(void*)-1;
573   dinfo->disassembler_needs_relocs = FALSE;
574 
575   if (bfd_big_endian(abfd))
576     dinfo->display_endian = dinfo->endian = BFD_ENDIAN_BIG;
577   else if (bfd_little_endian(abfd))
578     dinfo->display_endian = dinfo->endian = BFD_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
579   else
580     dinfo->endian = native_endian();
581 
582   disassemble_init_for_target(dinfo);
583 }
584