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28.\"     from: @(#)strmode.3	8.3 (Berkeley) 7/28/94
29.\"	$NetBSD: strmode.3,v 1.17 2006/10/16 08:48:45 wiz Exp $
30.\"
31.Dd July 28, 1994
32.Dt STRMODE 3
33.Os
34.Sh NAME
35.Nm strmode
36.Nd convert inode status information into a symbolic string
37.Sh LIBRARY
38.Lb libc
39.Sh SYNOPSIS
40.In unistd.h
41.Ft void
42.Fn strmode "mode_t mode" "char *bp"
43.Sh DESCRIPTION
44The
45.Fn strmode
46function
47converts a file
48.Fa mode
49(the type and permission information associated with an inode, see
50.Xr stat 2 )
51into a symbolic string which is stored in the location referenced by
52.Fa bp .
53This stored string is eleven characters in length plus a trailing nul byte.
54.Pp
55The first character is the inode type, and will be one of the following:
56.Pp
57.Bl -tag -width flag -offset indent -compact
58.It \-
59regular file
60.It a
61regular file in archive state 1
62.It A
63regular file in archive state 2
64.It b
65block special
66.It c
67character special
68.It d
69directory
70.It l
71symbolic link
72.It p
73fifo
74.It s
75socket
76.It w
77whiteout
78.It ?
79unknown inode type
80.El
81.Pp
82The next nine characters encode three sets of permissions, in three
83characters each.
84The first three characters are the permissions for the owner of the
85file, the second three for the group the file belongs to, and the
86third for the ``other'', or default, set of users.
87.Pp
88Permission checking is done as specifically as possible.
89If read permission is denied to the owner of a file in the first set
90of permissions, the owner of the file will not be able to read the file.
91This is true even if the owner is in the file's group and the group
92permissions allow reading or the ``other'' permissions allow reading.
93.Pp
94If the first character of the three character set is an ``r'', the file is
95readable for that set of users; if a dash ``\-'', it is not readable.
96.Pp
97If the second character of the three character set is a ``w'', the file is
98writable for that set of users; if a dash ``\-'', it is not writable.
99.Pp
100The third character is the first of the following characters that apply:
101.Bl -tag -width xxxx
102.It S
103If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is not
104executable or the directory is not searchable by the owner, and the
105set-user-id bit is set.
106.It S
107If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is not
108executable or the directory is not searchable by the group, and the
109set-group-id bit is set.
110.It T
111If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is not
112executable or the directory is not searchable by others, and the ``sticky''
113.Pq Dv S_ISVTX
114bit is set.
115.It s
116If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is
117executable or the directory searchable by the owner, and the set-user-id
118bit is set.
119.It s
120If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is
121executable or the directory searchable by the group, and the set-group-id
122bit is set.
123.It t
124If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is
125executable or the directory searchable by others, and the ``sticky''
126.Pq Dv S_ISVTX
127bit is set.
128.It x
129The file is executable or the directory is searchable.
130.It \-
131None of the above apply.
132.El
133.Pp
134The last character is a plus sign ``+'' if there are any alternative
135or additional access control methods associated with the inode, otherwise
136it will be a space.
137.Pp
138Archive state 1 and archive state 2 represent file system dependent
139archive state for a file.
140Most file systems do not retain file archive
141state, and so will not report files in either archive state.
142msdosfs will report a file in archive state 1 if it has been
143archived more recently than modified.
144Hierarchical storage systems may have multiple archive states for a
145file and may define archive states 1 and 2 as appropriate.
146.Sh SEE ALSO
147.Xr chmod 1 ,
148.Xr find 1 ,
149.Xr stat 2 ,
150.Xr getmode 3 ,
151.Xr setmode 3
152.Sh HISTORY
153The
154.Fn strmode
155function first appeared in
156.Bx 4.4 .
157