1 /*
2  * copyright (c) 2005-2012 Michael Niedermayer <michaelni@gmx.at>
3  *
4  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
5  *
6  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
19  */
20 
21 /**
22  * @file
23  * @addtogroup lavu_math
24  * Mathematical utilities for working with timestamp and time base.
25  */
26 
27 #ifndef AVUTIL_MATHEMATICS_H
28 #define AVUTIL_MATHEMATICS_H
29 
30 #include <stdint.h>
31 #include <math.h>
32 #include "attributes.h"
33 #include "rational.h"
34 #include "intfloat.h"
35 
36 #ifndef M_E
37 #define M_E            2.7182818284590452354   /* e */
38 #endif
39 #ifndef M_LN2
40 #define M_LN2          0.69314718055994530942  /* log_e 2 */
41 #endif
42 #ifndef M_LN10
43 #define M_LN10         2.30258509299404568402  /* log_e 10 */
44 #endif
45 #ifndef M_LOG2_10
46 #define M_LOG2_10      3.32192809488736234787  /* log_2 10 */
47 #endif
48 #ifndef M_PHI
49 #define M_PHI          1.61803398874989484820   /* phi / golden ratio */
50 #endif
51 #ifndef M_PI
52 #define M_PI           3.14159265358979323846  /* pi */
53 #endif
54 #ifndef M_PI_2
55 #define M_PI_2         1.57079632679489661923  /* pi/2 */
56 #endif
57 #ifndef M_SQRT1_2
58 #define M_SQRT1_2      0.70710678118654752440  /* 1/sqrt(2) */
59 #endif
60 #ifndef M_SQRT2
61 #define M_SQRT2        1.41421356237309504880  /* sqrt(2) */
62 #endif
63 #ifndef NAN
64 #define NAN            av_int2float(0x7fc00000)
65 #endif
66 #ifndef INFINITY
67 #define INFINITY       av_int2float(0x7f800000)
68 #endif
69 
70 /**
71  * @addtogroup lavu_math
72  *
73  * @{
74  */
75 
76 /**
77  * Rounding methods.
78  */
79 enum AVRounding {
80     AV_ROUND_ZERO     = 0, ///< Round toward zero.
81     AV_ROUND_INF      = 1, ///< Round away from zero.
82     AV_ROUND_DOWN     = 2, ///< Round toward -infinity.
83     AV_ROUND_UP       = 3, ///< Round toward +infinity.
84     AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF = 5, ///< Round to nearest and halfway cases away from zero.
85     /**
86      * Flag telling rescaling functions to pass `INT64_MIN`/`MAX` through
87      * unchanged, avoiding special cases for #AV_NOPTS_VALUE.
88      *
89      * Unlike other values of the enumeration AVRounding, this value is a
90      * bitmask that must be used in conjunction with another value of the
91      * enumeration through a bitwise OR, in order to set behavior for normal
92      * cases.
93      *
94      * @code{.c}
95      * av_rescale_rnd(3, 1, 2, AV_ROUND_UP | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
96      * // Rescaling 3:
97      * //     Calculating 3 * 1 / 2
98      * //     3 / 2 is rounded up to 2
99      * //     => 2
100      *
101      * av_rescale_rnd(AV_NOPTS_VALUE, 1, 2, AV_ROUND_UP | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
102      * // Rescaling AV_NOPTS_VALUE:
103      * //     AV_NOPTS_VALUE == INT64_MIN
104      * //     AV_NOPTS_VALUE is passed through
105      * //     => AV_NOPTS_VALUE
106      * @endcode
107      */
108     AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX = 8192,
109 };
110 
111 /**
112  * Compute the greatest common divisor of two integer operands.
113  *
114  * @param a,b Operands
115  * @return GCD of a and b up to sign; if a >= 0 and b >= 0, return value is >= 0;
116  * if a == 0 and b == 0, returns 0.
117  */
118 int64_t av_const av_gcd(int64_t a, int64_t b);
119 
120 /**
121  * Rescale a 64-bit integer with rounding to nearest.
122  *
123  * The operation is mathematically equivalent to `a * b / c`, but writing that
124  * directly can overflow.
125  *
126  * This function is equivalent to av_rescale_rnd() with #AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF.
127  *
128  * @see av_rescale_rnd(), av_rescale_q(), av_rescale_q_rnd()
129  */
130 int64_t av_rescale(int64_t a, int64_t b, int64_t c) av_const;
131 
132 /**
133  * Rescale a 64-bit integer with specified rounding.
134  *
135  * The operation is mathematically equivalent to `a * b / c`, but writing that
136  * directly can overflow, and does not support different rounding methods.
137  * If the result is not representable then INT64_MIN is returned.
138  *
139  * @see av_rescale(), av_rescale_q(), av_rescale_q_rnd()
140  */
141 int64_t av_rescale_rnd(int64_t a, int64_t b, int64_t c, enum AVRounding rnd) av_const;
142 
143 /**
144  * Rescale a 64-bit integer by 2 rational numbers.
145  *
146  * The operation is mathematically equivalent to `a * bq / cq`.
147  *
148  * This function is equivalent to av_rescale_q_rnd() with #AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF.
149  *
150  * @see av_rescale(), av_rescale_rnd(), av_rescale_q_rnd()
151  */
152 int64_t av_rescale_q(int64_t a, AVRational bq, AVRational cq) av_const;
153 
154 /**
155  * Rescale a 64-bit integer by 2 rational numbers with specified rounding.
156  *
157  * The operation is mathematically equivalent to `a * bq / cq`.
158  *
159  * @see av_rescale(), av_rescale_rnd(), av_rescale_q()
160  */
161 int64_t av_rescale_q_rnd(int64_t a, AVRational bq, AVRational cq,
162                          enum AVRounding rnd) av_const;
163 
164 /**
165  * Compare two timestamps each in its own time base.
166  *
167  * @return One of the following values:
168  *         - -1 if `ts_a` is before `ts_b`
169  *         - 1 if `ts_a` is after `ts_b`
170  *         - 0 if they represent the same position
171  *
172  * @warning
173  * The result of the function is undefined if one of the timestamps is outside
174  * the `int64_t` range when represented in the other's timebase.
175  */
176 int av_compare_ts(int64_t ts_a, AVRational tb_a, int64_t ts_b, AVRational tb_b);
177 
178 /**
179  * Compare the remainders of two integer operands divided by a common divisor.
180  *
181  * In other words, compare the least significant `log2(mod)` bits of integers
182  * `a` and `b`.
183  *
184  * @code{.c}
185  * av_compare_mod(0x11, 0x02, 0x10) < 0 // since 0x11 % 0x10  (0x1) < 0x02 % 0x10  (0x2)
186  * av_compare_mod(0x11, 0x02, 0x20) > 0 // since 0x11 % 0x20 (0x11) > 0x02 % 0x20 (0x02)
187  * @endcode
188  *
189  * @param a,b Operands
190  * @param mod Divisor; must be a power of 2
191  * @return
192  *         - a negative value if `a % mod < b % mod`
193  *         - a positive value if `a % mod > b % mod`
194  *         - zero             if `a % mod == b % mod`
195  */
196 int64_t av_compare_mod(uint64_t a, uint64_t b, uint64_t mod);
197 
198 /**
199  * Rescale a timestamp while preserving known durations.
200  *
201  * This function is designed to be called per audio packet to scale the input
202  * timestamp to a different time base. Compared to a simple av_rescale_q()
203  * call, this function is robust against possible inconsistent frame durations.
204  *
205  * The `last` parameter is a state variable that must be preserved for all
206  * subsequent calls for the same stream. For the first call, `*last` should be
207  * initialized to #AV_NOPTS_VALUE.
208  *
209  * @param[in]     in_tb    Input time base
210  * @param[in]     in_ts    Input timestamp
211  * @param[in]     fs_tb    Duration time base; typically this is finer-grained
212  *                         (greater) than `in_tb` and `out_tb`
213  * @param[in]     duration Duration till the next call to this function (i.e.
214  *                         duration of the current packet/frame)
215  * @param[in,out] last     Pointer to a timestamp expressed in terms of
216  *                         `fs_tb`, acting as a state variable
217  * @param[in]     out_tb   Output timebase
218  * @return        Timestamp expressed in terms of `out_tb`
219  *
220  * @note In the context of this function, "duration" is in term of samples, not
221  *       seconds.
222  */
223 int64_t av_rescale_delta(AVRational in_tb, int64_t in_ts,  AVRational fs_tb, int duration, int64_t *last, AVRational out_tb);
224 
225 /**
226  * Add a value to a timestamp.
227  *
228  * This function guarantees that when the same value is repeatly added that
229  * no accumulation of rounding errors occurs.
230  *
231  * @param[in] ts     Input timestamp
232  * @param[in] ts_tb  Input timestamp time base
233  * @param[in] inc    Value to be added
234  * @param[in] inc_tb Time base of `inc`
235  */
236 int64_t av_add_stable(AVRational ts_tb, int64_t ts, AVRational inc_tb, int64_t inc);
237 
238 
239 /**
240  * @}
241  */
242 
243 #endif /* AVUTIL_MATHEMATICS_H */
244