usrloc Module

Jan Janak

   FhG FOKUS

Daniel-Constantin Mierla

   <miconda@gmail.com>

Edited by

Jan Janak

Bogdan-Andrei Iancu

Carsten Bock

   ng-voice GmbH

   Copyright © 2003 FhG FOKUS

   Copyright © 2005 Voice Sistem SRL

   Copyright © 2015 ng-voice GmbH
     __________________________________________________________________

   Table of Contents

   1. Admin Guide

        1. Overview

              1.1. Contact matching

        2. Dependencies

              2.1. Kamailio Modules
              2.2. External Libraries or Applications

        3. Parameters

              3.1. nat_bflag (int)
              3.2. user_column (string)
              3.3. domain_column (string)
              3.4. contact_column (string)
              3.5. expires_column (string)
              3.6. q_column (string)
              3.7. callid_column (string)
              3.8. cseq_column (string)
              3.9. methods_column (string)
              3.10. flags_column (string)
              3.11. cflags_column (string)
              3.12. user_agent_column (string)
              3.13. received_column (string)
              3.14. socket_column (string)
              3.15. path_column (string)
              3.16. ruid_column (string)
              3.17. instance_column (string)
              3.18. reg_id_column (string)
              3.19. server_id_column (string)
              3.20. connection_id_column (string)
              3.21. keepalive_column (string)
              3.22. partition_column (string)
              3.23. use_domain (int)
              3.24. desc_time_order (int)
              3.25. timer_interval (int)
              3.26. db_url (string)
              3.27. db_mode (int)
              3.28. db_load (int)
              3.29. db_insert_update (int)
              3.30. matching_mode (int)
              3.31. cseq_delay (int)
              3.32. fetch_rows (int)
              3.33. hash_size (int)
              3.34. preload (string)
              3.35. db_update_as_insert (int)
              3.36. db_check_update (int)
              3.37. timer_procs (int)
              3.38. xavp_contact (string)
              3.39. db_ops_ruid (int)
              3.40. handle_lost_tcp (int)
              3.41. close_expired_tcp (int)
              3.42. expires_type (int)
              3.43. db_raw_fetch_type (int)
              3.44. db_insert_null (int)
              3.45. skip_remote_socket (int)
              3.46. db_timer_clean (int)
              3.47. rm_expired_delay (int)
              3.48. server_id_filter (int)
              3.49. version_table (int)
              3.50. ka_mode (int)
              3.51. ka_method (str)
              3.52. ka_from (str)
              3.53. ka_domain (str)
              3.54. ka_filter (int)
              3.55. ka_timeout (int)
              3.56. ka_loglevel (int)
              3.57. ka_logmsg (str)

        4. RPC Commands

              4.1. ul.dump
              4.2. ul.lookup table AOR
              4.3. ul.rm table AOR
              4.4. ul.rm_contact table AOR contact
              4.5. ul.flush
              4.6. ul.add
              4.7. ul.db_users
              4.8. ul.db_contacts
              4.9. ul.db_expired_contacts

        5. Statistics

              5.1. users
              5.2. contacts
              5.3. expires
              5.4. registered_users

   2. Developer Guide

        1. Available Functions

              1.1. ul_register_domain(name)
              1.2. ul_insert_urecord(domain, aor, rec)
              1.3. ul_delete_urecord(domain, aor)
              1.4. ul_delete_urecord_by_ruid(domain, ruid)
              1.5. ul_get_urecord(domain, aor)
              1.6. ul_lock_udomain(domain)
              1.7. ul_unlock_udomain(domain)
              1.8. ul_release_urecord(record)
              1.9. ul_insert_ucontact(record, contact, expires, q, callid,
                      cseq, flags, cont, ua, sock)

              1.10. ul_delete_ucontact (record, contact)
              1.11. ul_get_ucontact(record, contact)
              1.12. ul_get_all_ucontacts (buf, len, flags)
              1.13. ul_update_ucontact(contact, expires, q, callid, cseq,
                      set, res, ua, sock)

              1.14. ul_bind_ursloc( api )
              1.15. ul_register_ulcb(type ,callback, param)
              1.16. ul_get_num_users()

   List of Examples

   1.1. Set nat_bflag parameter
   1.2. Set user_column parameter
   1.3. Set user_column parameter
   1.4. Set contact_column parameter
   1.5. Set expires_column parameter
   1.6. Set q_column parameter
   1.7. Set callid_column parameter
   1.8. Set cseq_column parameter
   1.9. Set methods_column parameter
   1.10. Set flags_column parameter
   1.11. Set cflags_column parameter
   1.12. Set user_agent_column parameter
   1.13. Set received_column parameter
   1.14. Set socket_column parameter
   1.15. Set path_column parameter
   1.16. Set ruid_column parameter
   1.17. Set instance_column parameter
   1.18. Set reg_id_column parameter
   1.19. Set server_id_column parameter
   1.20. Set connection_id_column parameter
   1.21. Set keepalive_column parameter
   1.22. Set partition_column parameter
   1.23. Set use_domain parameter
   1.24. Set desc_time_order parameter
   1.25. Set timer_interval parameter
   1.26. Set db_url parameter
   1.27. Set db_mode parameter
   1.28. Set db_load parameter
   1.29. Set db_insert_update parameter
   1.30. Set matching_mode parameter
   1.31. Set cseq_delay parameter
   1.32. Set fetch_rows parameter
   1.33. Set hash_size parameter
   1.34. Set preload parameter
   1.35. Set db_update_as_insert parameter
   1.36. Set db_check_update parameter
   1.37. Set timer_procs parameter
   1.38. Set xavp_contact parameter
   1.39. Set db_ops_ruid parameter
   1.40. Set handle_lost_tcp parameter
   1.41. Set close_expired_tcp parameter
   1.42. Set expires_type parameter
   1.43. Set db_raw_fetch_type parameter
   1.44. Set db_insert_null parameter
   1.45. Set skip_remote_socket parameter
   1.46. Set db_timer_clean parameter
   1.47. Set rm_expired_delay parameter
   1.48. Set server_id_filter parameter
   1.49. version_table parameter usage
   1.50. ka_mode parameter usage
   1.51. ka_method parameter usage
   1.52. ka_from parameter usage
   1.53. ka_domain parameter usage
   1.54. ka_filter parameter usage
   1.55. Set ka_timeout parameter
   1.56. ka_loglevel parameter usage
   1.57. ka_logmsg parameter usage

Chapter 1. Admin Guide

   Table of Contents

   1. Overview

        1.1. Contact matching

   2. Dependencies

        2.1. Kamailio Modules
        2.2. External Libraries or Applications

   3. Parameters

        3.1. nat_bflag (int)
        3.2. user_column (string)
        3.3. domain_column (string)
        3.4. contact_column (string)
        3.5. expires_column (string)
        3.6. q_column (string)
        3.7. callid_column (string)
        3.8. cseq_column (string)
        3.9. methods_column (string)
        3.10. flags_column (string)
        3.11. cflags_column (string)
        3.12. user_agent_column (string)
        3.13. received_column (string)
        3.14. socket_column (string)
        3.15. path_column (string)
        3.16. ruid_column (string)
        3.17. instance_column (string)
        3.18. reg_id_column (string)
        3.19. server_id_column (string)
        3.20. connection_id_column (string)
        3.21. keepalive_column (string)
        3.22. partition_column (string)
        3.23. use_domain (int)
        3.24. desc_time_order (int)
        3.25. timer_interval (int)
        3.26. db_url (string)
        3.27. db_mode (int)
        3.28. db_load (int)
        3.29. db_insert_update (int)
        3.30. matching_mode (int)
        3.31. cseq_delay (int)
        3.32. fetch_rows (int)
        3.33. hash_size (int)
        3.34. preload (string)
        3.35. db_update_as_insert (int)
        3.36. db_check_update (int)
        3.37. timer_procs (int)
        3.38. xavp_contact (string)
        3.39. db_ops_ruid (int)
        3.40. handle_lost_tcp (int)
        3.41. close_expired_tcp (int)
        3.42. expires_type (int)
        3.43. db_raw_fetch_type (int)
        3.44. db_insert_null (int)
        3.45. skip_remote_socket (int)
        3.46. db_timer_clean (int)
        3.47. rm_expired_delay (int)
        3.48. server_id_filter (int)
        3.49. version_table (int)
        3.50. ka_mode (int)
        3.51. ka_method (str)
        3.52. ka_from (str)
        3.53. ka_domain (str)
        3.54. ka_filter (int)
        3.55. ka_timeout (int)
        3.56. ka_loglevel (int)
        3.57. ka_logmsg (str)

   4. RPC Commands

        4.1. ul.dump
        4.2. ul.lookup table AOR
        4.3. ul.rm table AOR
        4.4. ul.rm_contact table AOR contact
        4.5. ul.flush
        4.6. ul.add
        4.7. ul.db_users
        4.8. ul.db_contacts
        4.9. ul.db_expired_contacts

   5. Statistics

        5.1. users
        5.2. contacts
        5.3. expires
        5.4. registered_users

1. Overview

   1.1. Contact matching

   The User location module module keeps a user location table and
   provides access to the table for other modules. The module exports no
   functions that can be used directly from routing scripts.

1.1. Contact matching

   How the contacts are matched (for the same AOR - Address of Record) is
   an important aspect of the usrloc module, especially in the context of
   NAT traversal - this raises more problems since contacts from different
   phones of the same user may overlap (if both are behind NATs with the
   same configuration) or the re-register contact of the same phone may be
   seen as a new one (due different binding via NAT).

   The SIP RFC 3261 publishes a matching algorithm based only on the
   contact string with Call-id and Cseq extra checking (if the Call-ID is
   the same, it must have a higher Cseq number, otherwise it is invalid).
   But as argued above, this is not enough in NAT traversal context, so
   the Kamailio implementation of contact matching offers more algorithms:
     * Contact based only - it is strict RFC 3261 compliancy - the Contact
       URI is matched as string and extra checked via Call-ID and cseq (if
       Call-ID is the same, it must have a higher cseq number, otherwise
       it is invalid).
     * Contact and Call-id based - it is an extension of the first case -
       the contact and Call-ID must be matched as string; the cseq must be
       higher than the previous one - so be careful how you deal with
       REGISTER retransmissions in this case.
     * contact and path based - it is an extension of the first case - the
       contact and path must be matched as string; the cseq must be higher
       than the previous one - so be careful how you deal with REGISTER
       retransmissions in this case.
     * Call-id only based - it is not according to RFC3261, as it will
       check the Call-ID only (independent of the Contact-Header or Path).

   To find out how to control/select the contact matching algorithm,
   please see the module parameter matching_mode - Section 3.30,
   “matching_mode (int)”.

2. Dependencies

   2.1. Kamailio Modules
   2.2. External Libraries or Applications

2.1. Kamailio Modules

   The following modules must be loaded before this module:
     * Optionally a database module.

2.2. External Libraries or Applications

   The following libraries or applications must be installed before
   running Kamailio with this module loaded:
     * None.

3. Parameters

   3.1. nat_bflag (int)
   3.2. user_column (string)
   3.3. domain_column (string)
   3.4. contact_column (string)
   3.5. expires_column (string)
   3.6. q_column (string)
   3.7. callid_column (string)
   3.8. cseq_column (string)
   3.9. methods_column (string)
   3.10. flags_column (string)
   3.11. cflags_column (string)
   3.12. user_agent_column (string)
   3.13. received_column (string)
   3.14. socket_column (string)
   3.15. path_column (string)
   3.16. ruid_column (string)
   3.17. instance_column (string)
   3.18. reg_id_column (string)
   3.19. server_id_column (string)
   3.20. connection_id_column (string)
   3.21. keepalive_column (string)
   3.22. partition_column (string)
   3.23. use_domain (int)
   3.24. desc_time_order (int)
   3.25. timer_interval (int)
   3.26. db_url (string)
   3.27. db_mode (int)
   3.28. db_load (int)
   3.29. db_insert_update (int)
   3.30. matching_mode (int)
   3.31. cseq_delay (int)
   3.32. fetch_rows (int)
   3.33. hash_size (int)
   3.34. preload (string)
   3.35. db_update_as_insert (int)
   3.36. db_check_update (int)
   3.37. timer_procs (int)
   3.38. xavp_contact (string)
   3.39. db_ops_ruid (int)
   3.40. handle_lost_tcp (int)
   3.41. close_expired_tcp (int)
   3.42. expires_type (int)
   3.43. db_raw_fetch_type (int)
   3.44. db_insert_null (int)
   3.45. skip_remote_socket (int)
   3.46. db_timer_clean (int)
   3.47. rm_expired_delay (int)
   3.48. server_id_filter (int)
   3.49. version_table (int)
   3.50. ka_mode (int)
   3.51. ka_method (str)
   3.52. ka_from (str)
   3.53. ka_domain (str)
   3.54. ka_filter (int)
   3.55. ka_timeout (int)
   3.56. ka_loglevel (int)
   3.57. ka_logmsg (str)

3.1. nat_bflag (int)

   The index of the branch flag to be used as NAT marker (if the contact
   is or not natted). This is a branch flag and it will be imported and
   used by all other modules depending of usrloc module.

   Default value is “not set”.

   Example 1.1. Set nat_bflag parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "nat_bflag", 3)
...

3.2. user_column (string)

   Name of database column containing usernames.

   Default value is “username”.

   Example 1.2. Set user_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "user_column", "username")
...

3.3. domain_column (string)

   Name of database column containing domains.

   Default value is “domain”.

   Example 1.3. Set user_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "domain_column", "domain")
...

3.4. contact_column (string)

   Name of database column containing contacts.

   Default value is “contact”.

   Example 1.4. Set contact_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "contact_column", "contact")
...

3.5. expires_column (string)

   Name of database column containing expires value.

   Default value is “expires”.

   Example 1.5. Set expires_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "expires_column", "expires")
...

3.6. q_column (string)

   Name of database column containing q values.

   Default value is “q”.

   Example 1.6. Set q_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "q_column", "q")
...

3.7. callid_column (string)

   Name of database column containing Call-ID values.

   Default value is “callid”.

   Example 1.7. Set callid_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "callid_column", "callid")
...

3.8. cseq_column (string)

   Name of database column containing Cseq.

   Default value is “cseq”.

   Example 1.8. Set cseq_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "cseq_column", "cseq")
...

3.9. methods_column (string)

   Name of database column containing supported methods.

   Default value is “methods”.

   Example 1.9. Set methods_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "methods_column", "methods")
...

3.10. flags_column (string)

   Name of database column to save the internal flags of the record.

   Default value is “flags”.

   Example 1.10. Set flags_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "flags_column", "flags")
...

3.11. cflags_column (string)

   Name of database column to save the branch/contact flags of the record.

   Default value is “cflags”.

   Example 1.11. Set cflags_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "cflags_column", "cflags")
...

3.12. user_agent_column (string)

   Name of database column containing user-agent values.

   Default value is “user_agent”.

   Example 1.12. Set user_agent_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "user_agent_column", "user_agent")
...

3.13. received_column (string)

   Name of database column containing the source IP, port, and protocol
   from the REGISTER message.

   Default value is “received”.

   Example 1.13. Set received_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "received_column", "received")
...

3.14. socket_column (string)

   Name of database column containing the received socket information
   (IP:port) for the REGISTER message.

   Default value is “socket”.

   Example 1.14. Set socket_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "socket_column", "socket")
...

3.15. path_column (string)

   Name of database column containing the Path header.

   Default value is “path”.

   Example 1.15. Set path_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "path_column", "path")
...

3.16. ruid_column (string)

   Name of database column containing the Kamailio record unique id.

   Default value is “ruid”.

   Example 1.16. Set ruid_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "ruid_column", "myruid")
...

3.17. instance_column (string)

   Name of database column containing the SIP instance ID (GRUU -
   RFC5627). This is a unique device identifier - UUID.

   Default value is “instance”.

   Example 1.17. Set instance_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "instance_column", "myinstance")
...

3.18. reg_id_column (string)

   Name of database table column containing the value for reg-id.

   Default value is “reg_id”.

   Example 1.18. Set reg_id_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "reg_id_column", "r_id")
...

3.19. server_id_column (string)

   Name of database table column containing the value for server id.

   Default value is “server_id”.

   Example 1.19. Set server_id_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "server_id_column", "srv_id")
...

3.20. connection_id_column (string)

   Name of database table column containing the value for connection id.

   Default value is “connection_id”.

   Example 1.20. Set connection_id_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "connection_id_column", "con_id")
...

3.21. keepalive_column (string)

   Name of database table column containing the value for keepalive
   status.

   Default value is “keepalive”.

   Example 1.21. Set keepalive_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "keepalive_column", "kalive")
...

3.22. partition_column (string)

   Name of database table column containing the value for partition id.

   Default value is “partition”.

   Example 1.22. Set partition_column parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "partition_column", "part")
...

3.23. use_domain (int)

   If the domain part of the user should be also saved and used for
   identifying the user (along with the username part). Useful in multi
   domain scenarios. Non 0 value means true.

   Default value is “0 (false)”.

   Example 1.23. Set use_domain parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "use_domain", 1)
...

3.24. desc_time_order (int)

   If the user's contacts should be kept timestamp ordered; otherwise the
   contact will be ordered based on q value. Non 0 value means true.

   Default value is “0 (false)”.

   Example 1.24. Set desc_time_order parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "desc_time_order", 1)
...

3.25. timer_interval (int)

   Number of seconds between two timer runs. The module uses a timer to
   delete expired contacts, synchronize with database, send keepalives and
   other tasks, that need to be run periodically.

   Default value is 60.

   Example 1.25. Set timer_interval parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "timer_interval", 120)
...

3.26. db_url (string)

   URL of the database that should be used.

   Default value is “mysql://kamailio:kamailiorw@localhost/kamailio”.

   Example 1.26. Set db_url parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_url", "dbdriver://username:password@dbhost/dbname")
...

3.27. db_mode (int)

   The usrloc module can utilize a database for persistent contact
   storage. If a database is used, the location database (contacts) will
   survive machine restarts or software crashes. The disadvantage is that
   accessing a database can be very time consuming. Therefore, usrloc
   module implements four database accessing modes:
     * 0 - This disables database completely. Only memory will be used.
       Contacts will not survive restart. Use this value if you need a
       really fast usrloc and contact persistence is not necessary or is
       provided by other means.
     * 1 - Write-Through scheme. All changes to usrloc are immediately
       reflected in database too. This is very slow, but very reliable.
       Use this scheme if speed is not your priority but need to make sure
       that no registered contacts will be lost during crash or reboot.
     * 2 - Write-Back scheme. This is a combination of previous two
       schemes. All changes are made to memory and database
       synchronization is done in the timer. The timer deletes all expired
       contacts and flushes all modified or new contacts to database. Use
       this scheme if you encounter high-load peaks and want them to
       process as fast as possible. The mode will not help at all if the
       load is high all the time. Also, latency of this mode is much lower
       than latency of mode 1, but slightly higher than latency of mode 0.
     * 3 - DB-Only scheme. No memory cache is kept, all operations being
       directly performed with the database. The timer deletes all expired
       contacts from database - cleans after clients that didn't
       un-register or re-register. The mode is useful if you configure
       more servers sharing the same DB without any replication at SIP
       level. The mode may be slower due the high number of DB operation.
       For example NAT pinging is a killer since during each ping cycle
       all natted contact are loaded from the DB; The lack of memory
       caching also disable the statistics exports.
     * 4 - This uses database to load records at startup but uses only
       memory during the runtime. Records are not written back at all, not
       even at shutdown. Useful for scenarios when registrations are
       replicated to a node that does the storage in database during
       runtime.

Warning

   In case of crash or restart contacts that are in memory only and
   haven't been flushed yet will get lost. If you want minimize the risk,
   use shorter timer interval.

   Default value is 0.

   Example 1.27. Set db_mode parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_mode", 2)
...

3.28. db_load (int)

   Determine if the usrloc module should load contacts from the database
   storage during module initialization A value of 0 disable the loading
   from the database, this parameter is ignored if db_mode 4 is set

   Default value is 1.

   Example 1.28. Set db_load parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_load", 0)
...

3.29. db_insert_update (int)

   Determine if the usrloc module should do an update when a duplicate key
   is found while inserting A value of 1 will activate update on duplicate
   key

   Default value is 0.

   Example 1.29. Set db_insert_update parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_insert_update", 1)
...

3.30. matching_mode (int)

   What contact matching algorithm to be used. Refer to section ??? for
   the description of the algorithms.

   The parameter may take the following values:
     * 0 - CONTACT ONLY based matching algorithm.
     * 1 - CONTACT and CALLID based matching algorithm.
     * 2 - CONTACT and PATH based matching algorithm. This mode is like
       mode 0 but allows for duplicate contacts from differing paths. If
       no path is available, it defaults to mode 0.
     * 3 - CALLID only based matching algorithm. This mode will discard
       any duplicate registration coming through different paths.

   Default value is 0 (CONTACT_ONLY).

   Example 1.30. Set matching_mode parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "matching_mode", 1)
...

3.31. cseq_delay (int)

   Delay (in seconds) for accepting as retransmissions register requests
   with same Call-ID and Cseq. The delay is calculated starting from the
   receiving time of the first register with that Call-ID and Cseq.

   Retransmissions within this delay interval will be accepted and replied
   as the original request, but no update will be done in location. If the
   delay is exceeded, error is reported.

   A value of 0 disable the retransmission detection.

   Default value is “20 seconds”.

   Example 1.31. Set cseq_delay parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "cseq_delay", 5)
...

3.32. fetch_rows (int)

   The number of the rows to be fetched at once from database when loading
   the location records. This value can be used to tune the load time at
   startup. For 1MB of private memory (default) it should be below 4000.
   The database driver must support fetch_result() capability.

   Default value is “2000”.

   Example 1.32. Set fetch_rows parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "fetch_rows", 3000)
...

3.33. hash_size (int)

   The number of entries of the hash table used by usrloc to store the
   location records is 2^hash_size. For hash_size=4, the number of slots
   of the hash table is 16.

   Default value is “10” (1024 slots).

   Example 1.33. Set hash_size parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "hash_size", 12)
...

3.34. preload (string)

   Preload location table given as value. A location table is loaded based
   on fixup of registrar functions, therefore you need to use this
   parameter only to load tables that are not used by registrar module
   directly in configuration file.

   Default value is “NULL”.

   Example 1.34. Set preload parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "preload", "location")
...

3.35. db_update_as_insert (int)

   Set this parameter if you want to do INSERT DB operations instead of
   UPDATE DB operations. It is recommended to set this parameter if you
   use Cassandra as a DB backend.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.35. Set db_update_as_insert parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_update_as_insert", 1)
...

3.36. db_check_update (int)

   Set this parameter to 1 if you want to do DB INSERT if the number of
   affected rows by contact DB UPDATE operation is 0. The database module
   driver has to implement affected_rows() DB API function, otherwise this
   parameter is ignored - e.g., MySQL and Postgres DB connectors offer
   affected_rows().

   Default value is “0” (no DB INSERT).

   Example 1.36. Set db_check_update parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_check_update", 1)
...

3.37. timer_procs (int)

   Number of timer processes to be started by module. Timer processes take
   care of checking expired records and synchronization with database. If
   set to 0, no dedicated timer is started, the one from core will be
   used.

   If the number of timer processes is greater than 1, the workload of
   synchronization and record expiration is split up among the multiple
   processes. (Each process is assigned a range of slots from the internal
   hash table, and is responsible for cleanup and storage on those slots.)

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.37. Set timer_procs parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "timer_procs", 4)
...

3.38. xavp_contact (string)

   The name of XAVP storing the attributes per contact. They are saved in
   location record and restored at lookup. The tm module parameter
   xavp_contact must also be set to the same value to use the
   t_load_contacts and t_next_contacts functions.

   Default value is “NULL”.

   Example 1.38. Set xavp_contact parameter
...
modparam("tm|usrloc", "xavp_contact", "ulattrs")
...

3.39. db_ops_ruid (int)

   If set to 1, database queries for update or delete are done using ruid
   value. If it is set to 0, the old style using aor, contact and call-id
   is done.

   Default value is “1”.

   Example 1.39. Set db_ops_ruid parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_ops_ruid", 0)
...

3.40. handle_lost_tcp (int)

   If set to 1, Kamailio will remove location records made via
   TCP/TLS/WS/WSS transports when it looses corresponding tcp connections.
   Does not currently work in DB-Only scheme.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.40. Set handle_lost_tcp parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "handle_lost_tcp", 1)
...

3.41. close_expired_tcp (int)

   If set to 1, Kamailio will close the TCP connection when a contact has
   expired, if the corresponding transport is TCP/TLS/WS/WSS.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.41. Set close_expired_tcp parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "close_expired_tcp", 1)
...

3.42. expires_type (int)

   If set to 1, Kamailio expects to deal with BIGINT type on database
   columns for expires and last modified values. It allows to handle
   better the daylight time adjustments. If set to 0, those columns are
   expected to be on default type 'DATETIME'. When it is 1, the database
   columns types have to be changed manually to 'BIGINT'.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.42. Set expires_type parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "expires_type", 1)
...

3.43. db_raw_fetch_type (int)

   This affect DB-only mode and controls what kind of raw query is used to
   fetch the contacts from database for specific needs (e.g., sending NAT
   keepalives). If it is set to 0, then the common SQL query is used
   (working for MySQL, PostgreSQL, ...). If it is set to 1, the query
   required by Oracle is used.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.43. Set db_raw_fetch_type parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_raw_fetch_type", 1)
...

3.44. db_insert_null (int)

   If set to 1, the insert operation to database will add null values in
   the statement. It has to be set to 1 for the database systems that do
   not have table definitions that create automatically the null fields
   (e.g., db_mongodb) for each stored record.

   When set to 0, the fields that default to null are not added to the DB
   insert statement if they don't have a different value, making the query
   smaller.

   Default value is “0” (don't add null fields in insert statement).

   Example 1.44. Set db_insert_null parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_insert_null", 1)
...

3.45. skip_remote_socket (int)

   If set to 1, Kamailio will skip location record when loading from
   database, if socket value of the record does not in kamailio listening
   socket list.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.45. Set skip_remote_socket parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "skip_remote_socket", 1)
...

3.46. db_timer_clean (int)

   Enable (1) or disable (0) cleaning of expired db records on timer basis
   for db_mode WRITE-BACK and WRITE-THROUGH. It uses the secondary timer
   process.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.46. Set db_timer_clean parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "db_timer_clean", 1)
...

3.47. rm_expired_delay (int)

   Specify the number of seconds to delay the removal of expired records.
   For now it works for DB_ONLY mode (db_mode=3).

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.47. Set rm_expired_delay parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "rm_expired_delay", 30)
...

3.48. server_id_filter (int)

   Enable (1) or disable (0) filter records by server_id on load and
   during cleaning of expired db records. It could be useful when you want
   to use the same location table for several kamailio instances which are
   configured to work in db_mode=1 or db_mode=2 (cache modes). Otherwise
   one instance of proxy cleans records made by another proxy and that
   breaks its cache.

   Default value is “0”.

   Example 1.48. Set server_id_filter parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "server_id_filter", 1)
...

3.49. version_table (int)

   If set to 0, the module will skip checking the version for location
   table.

   Default value is “1 (check for table version)”.

   Example 1.49. version_table parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "version_table", 0)
...

3.50. ka_mode (int)

   Keepalive mode - control the internal keepalive mechanism. With this
   feature enabled, the module sends periodically (based on timer
   interval) SIP requests to location contacts and measures the round trip
   in microseconds (the round trip value can be seen in the response of
   the RPC command 'ul.dump').

   Its value is a set of flags:
     * 0 - if the value is zero, no keepalive is sent
     * 1 (bit 1 set) - if set to 1, the keepalive is enabled for all
       contacts
     * 2 (bit 2 set) - the keepalive is sent only for natted contacts
       (nat_bflag set)
     * 4 (bit 3 set) - the keepalive is sent only for UDP contacts

   For example, if set to 6, then keepalive is sent only natted UDP
   contacs.

   Note: the internal keepalive of usrloc module conflicts in some way
   with the keepalive done by nathelper module. It is recommended to
   enable only one.

   Note: the internal keepalive is for the moment implemented only for
   contact records stored in memory.

   Note: it is recommeder to set 'timer_procs' parameter in order to have
   dedicated timer processes for usrloc module and off-load the keepalive
   sending process from the core timers.

   Default value is “0 (keepalive disabled)”.

   Example 1.50. ka_mode parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_mode", 1)
...

3.51. ka_method (str)

   The SIP method type for keepalive requests.

   Default value is “OPTIONS”.

   Example 1.51. ka_method parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_method", "NOTIFY")
...

3.52. ka_from (str)

   The SIP URI to be set in the From header of the keepalive requests.

   Default value is “sip:server@kamailio.org”.

   Example 1.52. ka_from parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_from", "sip:server@mydomain.com")
...

3.53. ka_domain (str)

   The domain to be set in To header URI if the multi-domain is not
   enabled. If multi-domain is enabled, then the domain from the location
   record is used and this parameter is ignored.

   Default value is “kamailio.org”.

   Example 1.53. ka_domain parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_domain", "mydomain.com")
...

3.54. ka_filter (int)

   Set filters for keepalive processing.

   Its value is a set of flags:
     * 0 - if the value is zero, no filter is enabled for keepalives
     * 1 (bit 1 set) - keepalives sent only to records matching the
       server_id global parameter.

   Default value is “0” (no filter).

   Example 1.54. ka_filter parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_filter", 1)
...

3.55. ka_timeout (int)

   The parameter sets the interval in seconds after which a contact is
   removed from location table if it does not reply to SIP keepalives
   (usually OPTIONS ping requests).

   The features is available only for contacts that are stored in memory
   (not working for db only mode of the usrloc module).

   Keepalives are sent stateless, not using TM module. The value of this
   parameter has to be few times higher than timer interval.

   Default value is “0” (feature disabled).

   Example 1.55. Set ka_timeout parameter
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_timeout", 120)
...

3.56. ka_loglevel (int)

   The level to print the log message when the keepalive response is
   received. It should be a value between -5 (L_ALERT) and 3 (L_DBG).

   Default value is “255” (disabled).

   Example 1.56. ka_loglevel parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_loglevel", 1)
...

3.57. ka_logmsg (str)

   The formatted log specification to be added to the message printed when
   the keepalive is received and roundtrip time is computed. The log
   message starts with "keepalive roundtrip: %u.%06u sec - ruid [%.*s]",
   then concatenates the value of this parameter and the end of line.

   The value of this parameter can contain script variables that are
   evaluated with the SIP response.

   Default value is “ to-uri: [$tu] remote-addr: [$sas]”.

   Example 1.57. ka_logmsg parameter usage
...
modparam("usrloc", "ka_logmsg", " to-uri: [$tu] remote-addr: [$sas]")
...

4. RPC Commands

   4.1. ul.dump
   4.2. ul.lookup table AOR
   4.3. ul.rm table AOR
   4.4. ul.rm_contact table AOR contact
   4.5. ul.flush
   4.6. ul.add
   4.7. ul.db_users
   4.8. ul.db_contacts
   4.9. ul.db_expired_contacts

4.1.  ul.dump

   Dumps the content of the location table

   Parameters:
     * None.

4.2.  ul.lookup table AOR

   Looks up the contents of an AOR entry in the location table

   Parameters:
     * table name - table where the AOR resides (Ex: location).
     * AOR - user AOR in username[@domain] format (domain must be supplied
       only if use_domain option is on).

4.3.  ul.rm table AOR

   Deletes an entire AOR record (including its contacts).

   Parameters:
     * table name - table where the AOR resides (Ex: location).
     * AOR - user AOR in username[@domain] format (domain must be supplied
       only if use_domain option is on).

4.4.  ul.rm_contact table AOR contact

   Deletes a contact from an AOR record.

   Parameters:
     * table name - table where the AOR is removed from (Ex: location).
     * AOR - user AOR in username[@domain] format (domain must be supplied
       only if use_domain option is on).
     * contact - exact contact to be removed

4.5.  ul.flush

   Triggers the flush of USRLOC memory cache into DB.

4.6.  ul.add

   Adds a new contact for an user AOR.

   Parameters:
     * table name - table where the contact will be added (Ex: location).
     * AOR - user AOR in username[@domain] format (domain must be supplied
       only if use_domain option is on).
     * contact - contact string to be added
     * expires - expires value of the contact
     * Q - Q value of the contact
     * path value with the Path vector (use '0' or '.' if it should not be
       set)
     * flags - internal USRLOC flags of the contact
     * cflags - per branch flags of the contact
     * methods - mask with supported requests of the contact
     * received (optional) value with the received-from address (source
       address) (use '0' or '.' if it should not be set). Format:
       sip:srcip:srcport;transport=abc
     * socket (optional) value with the local socket address (use '0' or
       '.' if it should not be set). Format: proto:localip:localport

   Note: the position of parameters is relevant, in the case of optional
   parameters, use '0' or '.' for parameters that should not be set which
   are positioned before any parameter that has to be set.

4.7.  ul.db_users

   Tell number of different users (AoRs) in a location table that have
   unexpired contacts.

   Parameters:
     * table name - location table where the users are looked for, for
       example, location.

4.8.  ul.db_contacts

   Tell number of unexpired contacts in a location table.

   Parameters:
     * table name - location table where the contacts are looked for, for
       example, location.

4.9.  ul.db_expired_contacts

   Tell number of expired contacts in a location table.

   Parameters:
     * table name - location table where the contacts are looked for, for
       example, location.

5. Statistics

   5.1. users
   5.2. contacts
   5.3. expires
   5.4. registered_users

   Exported statistics are listed in the next sections.

5.1. users

   Number of AOR existing in the USRLOC memory cache for that domain - can
   not be reset; this statistic will be register for each used domain (Ex:
   location).

5.2. contacts

   Number of contacts existing in the USRLOC memory cache for that domain
   - can not be reset; this statistic will be register for each used
   domain (Ex: location).

5.3. expires

   Total number of expired contacts for that domain - can be reset; this
   statistic will be register for each used domain (Ex: location).

5.4. registered_users

   Total number of AOR existing in the USRLOC memory cache for all domains
   - can not be reset.

Chapter 2. Developer Guide

   Table of Contents

   1. Available Functions

        1.1. ul_register_domain(name)
        1.2. ul_insert_urecord(domain, aor, rec)
        1.3. ul_delete_urecord(domain, aor)
        1.4. ul_delete_urecord_by_ruid(domain, ruid)
        1.5. ul_get_urecord(domain, aor)
        1.6. ul_lock_udomain(domain)
        1.7. ul_unlock_udomain(domain)
        1.8. ul_release_urecord(record)
        1.9. ul_insert_ucontact(record, contact, expires, q, callid, cseq,
                flags, cont, ua, sock)

        1.10. ul_delete_ucontact (record, contact)
        1.11. ul_get_ucontact(record, contact)
        1.12. ul_get_all_ucontacts (buf, len, flags)
        1.13. ul_update_ucontact(contact, expires, q, callid, cseq, set,
                res, ua, sock)

        1.14. ul_bind_ursloc( api )
        1.15. ul_register_ulcb(type ,callback, param)
        1.16. ul_get_num_users()

1. Available Functions

   1.1. ul_register_domain(name)
   1.2. ul_insert_urecord(domain, aor, rec)
   1.3. ul_delete_urecord(domain, aor)
   1.4. ul_delete_urecord_by_ruid(domain, ruid)
   1.5. ul_get_urecord(domain, aor)
   1.6. ul_lock_udomain(domain)
   1.7. ul_unlock_udomain(domain)
   1.8. ul_release_urecord(record)
   1.9. ul_insert_ucontact(record, contact, expires, q, callid, cseq,
          flags, cont, ua, sock)

   1.10. ul_delete_ucontact (record, contact)
   1.11. ul_get_ucontact(record, contact)
   1.12. ul_get_all_ucontacts (buf, len, flags)
   1.13. ul_update_ucontact(contact, expires, q, callid, cseq, set, res,
          ua, sock)

   1.14. ul_bind_ursloc( api )
   1.15. ul_register_ulcb(type ,callback, param)
   1.16. ul_get_num_users()

1.1.  ul_register_domain(name)

   The function registers a new domain. Domain is just another name for
   table used in registrar. The function is called from fixups in
   registrar. It gets name of the domain as a parameter and returns
   pointer to a new domain structure. The fixup than 'fixes' the parameter
   in registrar so that it will pass the pointer instead of the name every
   time save() or lookup() is called. Some usrloc functions get the
   pointer as parameter when called. For more details see implementation
   of save function in registrar.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * const char* name - Name of the domain (also called table) to be
       registered.

1.2.  ul_insert_urecord(domain, aor, rec)

   The function creates a new record structure and inserts it in the
   specified domain. The record is structure that contains all the
   contacts for belonging to the specified username.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Pointer to domain returned by
       ul_register_udomain.

     * str* aor - Address of Record (aka username) of the new record (at
       this time the record will contain no contacts yet).

     * urecord_t** rec - The newly created record structure.

1.3.  ul_delete_urecord(domain, aor)

   The function deletes all the contacts bound with the given Address Of
   Record.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Pointer to domain returned by
       ul_register_udomain.

     * str* aor - Address of record (aka username) of the record, that
       should be deleted.

1.4.  ul_delete_urecord_by_ruid(domain, ruid)

   The function deletes from given domain a contact with given ruid.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Pointer to domain returned by
       ul_register_udomain.

     * str* ruid - ruid of contact that should be deleted.

1.5.  ul_get_urecord(domain, aor)

   The function returns pointer to record with given Address of Record.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Pointer to domain returned by
       ul_register_udomain.

     * str* aor - Address of Record of request record.

1.6.  ul_lock_udomain(domain)

   The function lock the specified domain, it means, that no other
   processes will be able to access during the time. This prevents race
   conditions. Scope of the lock is the specified domain, that means, that
   multiple domain can be accessed simultaneously, they don't block each
   other.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Domain to be locked.

1.7.  ul_unlock_udomain(domain)

   Unlock the specified domain previously locked by ul_lock_udomain.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * udomain_t* domain - Domain to be unlocked.

1.8.  ul_release_urecord(record)

   Do some sanity checks - if all contacts have been removed, delete the
   entire record structure.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * urecord_t* record - Record to be released.

1.9.  ul_insert_ucontact(record, contact, expires, q, callid, cseq, flags,
cont, ua, sock)

   The function inserts a new contact in the given record with specified
   parameters.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * urecord_t* record - Record in which the contact should be inserted.
     * str* contact - Contact URI.
     * time_t expires - Expires of the contact in absolute value.
     * float q - q value of the contact.
     * str* callid - Call-ID of the REGISTER message that contained the
       contact.
     * int cseq - CSeq of the REGISTER message that contained the contact.
     * unsigned int flags - Flags to be set.
     * ucontact_t* cont - Pointer to newly created structure.
     * str* ua - User-Agent of the REGISTER message that contained the
       contact.
     * struct socket_info *sock - socket on which the REGISTER message was
       received on.

1.10.  ul_delete_ucontact (record, contact)

   The function deletes given contact from record.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * urecord_t* record - Record from which the contact should be
       removed.

     * ucontact_t* contact - Contact to be deleted.

1.11.  ul_get_ucontact(record, contact)

   The function tries to find contact with given Contact URI and returns
   pointer to structure representing the contact.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * urecord_t* record - Record to be searched for the contact.

     * str_t* contact - URI of the request contact.

1.12.  ul_get_all_ucontacts (buf, len, flags)

   The function retrieves all contacts of all registered users and returns
   them in the caller-supplied buffer. If the buffer is too small, the
   function returns positive value indicating how much additional space
   would be necessary to accommodate all of them. Please note that the
   positive return value should be used only as a “hint”, as there is no
   guarantee that during the time between two subsequent calls number of
   registered contacts will remain the same.

   If flag parameter is set to non-zero value then only contacts that have
   the specified flags set will be returned. It is, for example, possible
   to list only contacts that are behind NAT.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * void* buf - Buffer for returning contacts.

     * int len - Length of the buffer.

     * unsigned int flags - Flags that must be set.

1.13.  ul_update_ucontact(contact, expires, q, callid, cseq, set, res, ua,
sock)

   The function updates contact with new values.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * ucontact_t* contact - Contact URI.
     * time_t expires - Expires of the contact in absolute value.
     * float q - q value of the contact.
     * str* callid - Call-ID of the REGISTER message that contained the
       contact.
     * int cseq - CSeq of the REGISTER message that contained the contact.
     * unsigned int set - OR value of flags to be set.
     * unsigned int res - OR value of flags to be reset.
     * str* ua - User-Agent of the REGISTER message that contained the
       contact.
     * struct socket_info *sock - socket on which the REGISTER message was
       received on.

1.14.  ul_bind_ursloc( api )

   The function imports all functions that are exported by the USRLOC
   module. Overs for other modules which want to user the internal USRLOC
   API an easy way to load and access the functions.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * usrloc_api_t* api - USRLOC API

1.15.  ul_register_ulcb(type ,callback, param)

   The function register with USRLOC a callback function to be called when
   some event occures inside USRLOC.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * int types - type of event for which the callback should be called
       (see usrloc/ul_callback.h).
     * ul_cb f - callback function; see usrloc/ul_callback.h for
       prototype.
     * void *param - some parameter to be passed to the callback each time
       when it is called.

1.16.  ul_get_num_users()

   The function loops through all domains summing up the number of users.