xref: /dports/science/py-pymatgen/pymatgen-2022.0.15/pymatgen/core/periodic_table.json

{"Ac": {"Atomic mass": 227.0, "Atomic no": 89, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3443.110367, "2p": -572.7627, "2s": -592.622878, "3d": -119.541743, "3p": -137.654394, "3s": -147.320716, "4d": -23.57061, "4f": -12.278225, "4p": -31.761846, "4s": -36.15826, "5d": -3.222752, "5p": -6.06511, "5s": -7.713078, "6d": -0.137786, "6p": -0.744524, "6s": -1.19698, "7s": -0.126551}, "Atomic radius": 1.95, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "3573 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "10070 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.26}, "Liquid range": "2250 K", "Melting point": "1323 K", "Mendeleev no": 48, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "22.55 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Actinium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.12}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "12 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.47, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.878, "iupac_ordering": 32, "IUPAC ordering": 32, "Ground level": "2D3/2", "Ionization energies": [5.380226, 11.75, 17.431, 44.8, 55.0, 67.0, 79.0, 98.9, 113.9, 143.9, 161.1, 233.0, 255.0, 279.0, 305.0, 330.0, 355.0, 390.0, 416.0, 444.0, 470.0, 610.0, 640.0, 670.0, 710.0, 780.0, 820.0, 920.0, 950.0, 1030.0, 1100.0, 1170.0, 1240.0, 1310.0, 1380.0, 1460.0, 1530.0, 1610.0, 1680.0, 1750.0, 1820.0, 1900.0, 1970.0, 2298.0, 2362.0, 2430.0, 2503.0, 2572.0, 2639.0, 2762.0, 2833.0, 2908.0, 2980.0, 3264.0, 3334.0, 3409.0, 3479.0, 3811.0, 3893.0, 4093.0, 4175.0, 6767.0, 6923.0, 7088.0, 7265.0, 7430.0, 7600.0, 7950.0, 8120.0, 8310.0, 8480.0, 8970.0, 9120.0, 9290.0, 9440.0, 10480.0, 10660.0, 11030.0, 11200.0, 23480.0, 23890.0, 24340.0, 24760.0, 28610.0, 29160.0, 29850.0, 30293.1, 119938.6, 122062.9], "Electron affinity": 0.35}, "Ag": {"Atomic mass": 107.8682, "Atomic no": 47, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -900.324578, "2p": -120.913351, "2s": -129.859807, "3d": -13.367803, "3p": -20.06763, "3s": -23.678437, "4d": -0.298706, "4p": -2.086602, "4s": -3.22309, "5s": -0.157407}, "Atomic radius": 1.6, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.65, "Boiling point": "2435 K", "Brinell hardness": "24.5 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "18.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "10490 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "1.63 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.29, "2": 1.08, "3": 0.89}, "Liquid range": "1200.07 K", "Melting point": "1234.93 K", "Mendeleev no": 71, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "10.27 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Silver", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Reflectivity": "97 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "30 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}, "IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.02}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.23, "ionic_radius": 1.09}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.29, "ionic_radius": 1.15}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.36, "ionic_radius": 1.22}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.42, "ionic_radius": 1.28}}}, "2": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.93, "ionic_radius": 0.79}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.08, "ionic_radius": 0.94}}}, "3": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.89, "ionic_radius": 0.75}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "430 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.11, "Velocity of sound": "2600 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "251 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.93, "Youngs modulus": "83 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.445, "iupac_ordering": 72, "IUPAC ordering": 72, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [7.576234, 21.4844, 34.8, 49.0, 65.0, 82.0, 106.0, 125.0, 145.1, 167.0, 188.0, 271.46, 294.0, 321.0, 347.0, 381.0, 408.43, 469.0, 500.87, 885.0, 946.0, 1013.0, 1082.0, 1149.0, 1231.0, 1308.0, 1382.0, 1460.0, 1535.0, 1747.0, 1810.5, 1888.0, 1979.0, 2077.0, 2131.0, 2302.0, 2371.99, 5558.0, 5753.0, 5966.0, 6170.0, 6551.0, 6785.0, 7082.0, 7271.298, 30097.318, 30965.698], "Electron affinity": 1.304473}, "Al": {"Atomic mass": 26.9815386, "Atomic no": 13, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -55.156044, "2p": -2.564018, "2s": -3.934827, "3p": -0.102545, "3s": -0.286883}, "Atomic radius": 1.25, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.18, "Boiling point": "2792 K", "Brinell hardness": "245 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "76 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "23.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2700 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "2.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.675}, "Liquid range": "1858.53 K", "Melting point": "933.47 K", "Mendeleev no": 80, "Mineral hardness": "2.75", "Molar volume": "10.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Aluminum", "Oxidation states": [1, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.35", "Reflectivity": "71 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.53, "ionic_radius": 0.39}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.62, "ionic_radius": 0.48}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.675, "ionic_radius": 0.535}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.175 K", "Thermal conductivity": "235 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.84, "Velocity of sound": "5100 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.61, "Youngs modulus": "70 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Al-27": 146.6}, "Metallic radius": 1.43, "iupac_ordering": 80, "IUPAC ordering": 80, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [5.985769, 18.82855, 28.447642, 119.9924, 153.8252, 190.49, 241.76, 284.64, 330.21, 398.65, 442.005, 2085.97702, 2304.14007], "Electron affinity": 0.432835}, "Am": {"Atomic mass": 243.0, "Atomic no": 95, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "2880 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>7</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.4, "3": 1.115, "4": 0.99}, "Liquid range": "1431 K", "Melting point": "1449 K", "Mendeleev no": 42, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Americium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.35, "ionic_radius": 1.21}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.4, "ionic_radius": 1.26}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.45, "ionic_radius": 1.31}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.115, "ionic_radius": 0.975}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.23, "ionic_radius": 1.09}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.99, "ionic_radius": 0.85}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.6 K", "Thermal conductivity": "10 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.44, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.73, "iupac_ordering": 26, "IUPAC ordering": 26, "Ground level": "8S\u00b07/2", "Ionization energies": [5.97381, 11.7, 21.7, 36.8, 50.0, 67.9, 95.0, 110.0, 125.0, 141.0, 163.0, 184.0, 206.0, 225.0, 242.0, 284.0, 305.0, 424.0, 451.0, 481.0, 511.0, 541.0, 571.0, 616.0, 646.0, 680.0, 711.0, 870.0, 900.0, 940.0, 980.0, 1090.0, 1130.0, 1240.0, 1280.0, 1410.0, 1490.0, 1570.0, 1650.0, 1730.0, 1820.0, 1900.0, 1980.0, 2070.0, 2160.0, 2240.0, 2320.0, 2410.0, 2480.0, 2874.0, 2946.0, 3021.0, 3101.0, 3178.0, 3251.0, 3402.0, 3479.0, 3563.0, 3641.0, 3956.0, 4033.0, 4115.0, 4191.0, 4642.0, 4733.0, 4960.0, 5050.0, 8040.0, 8210.0, 8390.0, 8590.0, 8770.0, 8950.0, 9380.0, 9560.0, 9770.0, 9960.0, 10490.0, 10650.0, 10830.0, 11000.0, 12400.0, 12600.0, 13000.0, 13190.0, 27110.0, 27550.0, 28040.0, 28500.0, 33700.0, 34300.0, 35100.0, 35549.4, 139769.5, 142161.0], "Electron affinity": 0.1}, "Ar": {"Atomic mass": 39.948, "Atomic no": 18, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -113.800134, "2p": -8.443439, "2s": -10.794172, "3p": -0.38233, "3s": -0.883384}, "Atomic radius": 0.71, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.71, "Boiling point": "87.3 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "150.8 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>6</sup>", "Liquid range": "3.5 K", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Melting point": "83.8 K", "Mendeleev no": 3, "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "22.56 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Argon", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000281", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.01772 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.88, "Velocity of sound": "319 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 3, "IUPAC ordering": 3, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [15.7596119, 27.62967, 40.735, 59.58, 74.84, 91.29, 124.41, 143.4567, 422.6, 479.76, 540.4, 619.0, 685.5, 755.13, 855.5, 918.375, 4120.6657, 4426.2229], "Electron affinity": -1.02}, "As": {"Atomic mass": 74.9216, "Atomic no": 33, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -423.336658, "2p": -47.527869, "2s": -53.093086, "3d": -1.542767, "3p": -4.851725, "3s": -6.730755, "4p": -0.197497, "4s": -0.52367}, "Atomic radius": 1.15, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.14, "Boiling point": "887 K", "Brinell hardness": "1440 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "22 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Critical temperature": "1700 K", "Density of solid": "5727 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "33 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>3</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 5, -2, -3, -1], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.72, "5": 0.6}, "Liquid range": "203 K", "Melting point": "1090 K", "Mendeleev no": 89, "Mineral hardness": "3.5", "Molar volume": "12.95 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Arsenic", "Oxidation states": [-3, 2, 3, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.001552", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.475, "ionic_radius": 0.335}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.6, "ionic_radius": 0.46}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "50 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.85, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.18, "Youngs modulus": "8 GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 89, "IUPAC ordering": 89, "Ground level": "4S\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [9.78855, 18.5892, 28.349, 50.15, 62.77, 121.19, 147.0, 180.0, 213.0, 247.0, 296.0, 333.0, 375.0, 418.0, 460.0, 587.6, 628.8, 672.9, 728.9, 774.0, 814.0, 911.7, 956.79, 2356.9, 2486.0, 2626.0, 2766.0, 2938.0, 3088.1, 3287.0, 3411.643, 14447.678, 15028.907], "Electron affinity": 0.80482}, "At": {"Atomic mass": 210.0, "Atomic no": 85, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3127.390276, "2p": -513.044243, "2s": -531.81835, "3d": -103.060375, "3p": -119.995013, "3s": -129.035542, "4d": -18.295162, "4f": -8.063483, "4p": -25.778264, "4s": -29.809515, "5d": -1.643758, "5p": -4.027061, "5s": -5.453383, "6p": -0.255453, "6s": -0.560189}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>5</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"7": 0.76}, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "575 K", "Mendeleev no": 96, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Astatine", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"7": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "2 (estimate)W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 98, "IUPAC ordering": 98, "Ground level": "2P\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [9.31751, 17.88, 26.58, 39.65, 50.39, 72.0, 85.1, 130.1, 149.0, 169.0, 192.1, 212.0, 236.0, 263.0, 287.0, 311.0, 335.0, 452.0, 481.0, 510.0, 540.0, 600.0, 630.0, 720.0, 750.0, 790.0, 860.0, 920.0, 990.0, 1050.0, 1120.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1320.0, 1380.0, 1450.0, 1510.0, 1590.0, 1650.0, 1948.0, 2007.0, 2071.0, 2139.0, 2203.0, 2266.0, 2373.0, 2439.0, 2510.0, 2576.0, 2841.0, 2905.0, 2977.0, 3042.0, 3312.0, 3388.0, 3573.0, 3649.0, 5976.0, 6122.0, 6279.0, 6445.0, 6604.0, 6759.0, 7068.0, 7230.0, 7410.0, 7570.0, 8030.0, 8180.0, 8330.0, 8480.0, 9330.0, 9500.0, 9830.0, 9990.0, 21210.0, 21600.0, 22030.0, 22420.0, 25580.0, 26090.0, 26730.0, 27139.0, 107923.4, 109886.0], "Electron affinity": 2.415787}, "Au": {"Atomic mass": 196.966569, "Atomic no": 79, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2683.508245, "2p": -430.725701, "2s": -447.888973, "3d": -81.511751, "3p": -96.707, "3s": -104.824516, "4d": -12.131815, "4f": -3.486824, "4p": -18.578652, "4s": -22.078357, "5d": -0.304738, "5p": -2.002495, "5s": -3.113936, "6s": -0.162334}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.74, "Boiling point": "3129 K", "Brinell hardness": "2450 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "220 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "14.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "19300 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "2.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>1</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.51, "3": 0.99, "5": 0.71}, "Liquid range": "1791.67 K", "Melting point": "1337.33 K", "Mendeleev no": 70, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "10.21 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Gold", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.44", "Reflectivity": "95 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "27 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.51, "ionic_radius": 1.37}}}, "3": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.99, "ionic_radius": 0.85}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "320 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.14, "Velocity of sound": "1740 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "216 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.54, "Youngs modulus": "78 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.442, "iupac_ordering": 71, "IUPAC ordering": 71, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [9.225554, 20.203, 30.0, 45.0, 60.0, 74.0, 94.0, 112.0, 130.1, 149.0, 168.2, 248.0, 275.0, 299.0, 324.0, 365.0, 392.0, 433.0, 487.0, 520.0, 550.0, 600.0, 650.0, 710.0, 760.0, 820.0, 870.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1040.0, 1100.0, 1150.0, 1210.0, 1475.0, 1527.0, 1584.0, 1644.0, 1702.0, 1758.0, 1845.0, 1904.0, 1967.0, 2026.0, 2261.0, 2320.0, 2383.0, 2443.0, 2640.0, 2708.0, 2870.0, 2941.0, 4888.0, 5013.0, 5156.0, 5307.0, 5452.0, 5594.0, 5846.0, 5994.0, 6156.0, 6305.0, 6724.0, 6854.0, 6997.0, 7130.0, 7760.0, 7910.0, 8210.0, 8360.0, 18040.0, 18400.0, 18790.0, 19150.0, 21470.0, 21920.0, 22500.0, 22868.1, 91515.82, 93254.3], "Electron affinity": 2.30861025}, "B": {"Atomic mass": 10.811, "Atomic no": 5, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -6.564347, "2p": -0.136603, "2s": -0.344701}, "Atomic radius": 0.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.87, "Boiling point": "4200 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "320 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2460 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>12</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, -3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.41}, "Liquid range": "1851 K", "Melting point": "2349 K", "Mendeleev no": 86, "Mineral hardness": "9.3", "Molar volume": "4.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Boron", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.15, "ionic_radius": 0.01}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.25, "ionic_radius": 0.11}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.41, "ionic_radius": 0.27}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "27 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.92, "Velocity of sound": "16200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "49000 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.04, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"B-10": 84.59, "B-11": 40.59}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 81, "IUPAC ordering": 81, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [8.298019, 25.15483, 37.93059, 259.3715, 340.2260229], "Electron affinity": 0.27972325}, "Ba": {"Atomic mass": 137.327, "Atomic no": 56, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1305.743258, "2p": -189.598483, "2s": -200.844444, "3d": -28.528933, "3p": -37.536931, "3s": -42.359434, "4d": -3.432441, "4p": -6.497622, "4s": -8.257061, "5p": -0.698605, "5s": -1.157159, "6s": -0.118967}, "Atomic radius": 2.15, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.53, "Boiling point": "2143 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "9.6 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "20.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "3510 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "34 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.49}, "Liquid range": "1143 K", "Melting point": "1000 K", "Mendeleev no": 14, "Mineral hardness": "1.25", "Molar volume": "38.16 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Barium", "Oxidation states": [2], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "4.9 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.49, "ionic_radius": 1.35}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.52, "ionic_radius": 1.38}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.56, "ionic_radius": 1.42}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.61, "ionic_radius": 1.47}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.66, "ionic_radius": 1.52}}, "XI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.71, "ionic_radius": 1.57}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.75, "ionic_radius": 1.61}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "18 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.68, "Velocity of sound": "1620 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.89, "Youngs modulus": "13 GPa", "Metallic radius": 2.236, "iupac_ordering": 13, "IUPAC ordering": 13, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [5.2116646, 10.003826, 35.8438, 47.0, 58.0, 71.0, 86.0, 101.0, 130.5, 146.52, 241.0, 267.1, 296.0, 325.0, 354.0, 390.0, 422.0, 455.0, 488.0, 520.0, 646.0, 679.0, 717.0, 752.0, 809.0, 846.0, 935.0, 976.62, 1695.0, 1776.0, 1864.0, 1958.0, 2047.0, 2142.0, 2256.0, 2349.0, 2452.0, 2547.0, 2814.0, 2901.0, 2994.0, 3081.0, 3266.0, 3363.0, 3546.0, 3640.0, 8326.0, 8565.0, 8831.0, 9077.0, 9739.0, 10023.0, 10376.0, 10616.42, 43485.366, 44561.47], "Electron affinity": 0.144626}, "Be": {"Atomic mass": 9.012182, "Atomic no": 4, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3.856411, "2s": -0.205744}, "Atomic radius": 1.05, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.12, "Boiling point": "2742 K", "Brinell hardness": "600 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "130 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "1848 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "3.8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.59}, "Liquid range": "1182 K", "Melting point": "1560 K", "Mendeleev no": 77, "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Molar volume": "4.85 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Beryllium", "Oxidation states": [2], "Poissons ratio": "0.032", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "132 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.3, "ionic_radius": 0.16}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.41, "ionic_radius": 0.27}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.59, "ionic_radius": 0.45}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.026 K", "Thermal conductivity": "190 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.53, "Velocity of sound": "13000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1670 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.57, "Youngs modulus": "287 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Be-9": 52.88}, "Metallic radius": 1.12, "iupac_ordering": 17, "IUPAC ordering": 17, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [9.322699, 18.21115, 153.896205, 217.7185861], "Electron affinity": -0.52}, "Bi": {"Atomic mass": 208.9804, "Atomic no": 83, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2975.550959, "2p": -484.716359, "2s": -502.950758, "3d": -95.532476, "3p": -111.883393, "3s": -120.613998, "4d": -16.084817, "4f": -6.382744, "4p": -23.218641, "4s": -27.07034, "5d": -1.139408, "5p": -3.293637, "5s": -4.611934, "6p": -0.180198, "6s": -0.426129}, "Atomic radius": 1.6, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.43, "Boiling point": "1837 K", "Brinell hardness": "94.2 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "31 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "9780 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "130 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>3</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 5], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.17, "5": 0.9}, "Liquid range": "1292.6 K", "Melting point": "544.4 K", "Mendeleev no": 87, "Mineral hardness": "2.25", "Molar volume": "21.31 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Bismuth", "Oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.33", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "12 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.17, "ionic_radius": 1.03}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.31, "ionic_radius": 1.17}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.07, "Velocity of sound": "1790 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.02, "Youngs modulus": "32 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.82, "iupac_ordering": 87, "IUPAC ordering": 87, "Ground level": "4S\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [7.285516, 16.703, 25.57075, 45.37, 54.856, 88.4, 103.0, 122.0, 143.0, 161.1, 183.0, 208.0, 229.0, 252.0, 272.6, 370.2, 409.0, 436.0, 464.0, 520.0, 550.0, 620.0, 660.0, 690.0, 750.0, 810.0, 870.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1060.0, 1120.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1310.0, 1380.0, 1440.0, 1500.0, 1784.0, 1840.0, 1902.0, 1967.0, 2029.0, 2090.0, 2190.0, 2253.0, 2321.0, 2385.0, 2641.0, 2703.0, 2771.0, 2835.0, 3078.0, 3151.0, 3329.0, 3401.8, 5599.0, 5740.0, 5892.0, 6054.0, 6208.0, 6358.0, 6648.0, 6804.0, 6977.0, 7137.0, 7580.0, 7720.0, 7870.0, 8010.0, 8780.0, 8950.0, 9270.0, 9430.0, 20130.0, 20500.0, 20920.0, 21300.0, 24150.0, 24640.0, 25260.0, 25656.9, 102251.76, 104132.8], "Electron affinity": 0.94236213}, "Bk": {"Atomic mass": 247.0, "Atomic no": 97, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "14780 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>9</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.1, "4": 0.97}, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "1259 K", "Mendeleev no": 40, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "16.84 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Berkelium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.97, "ionic_radius": 0.83}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.07, "ionic_radius": 0.93}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "10 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.44, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.703, "iupac_ordering": 24, "IUPAC ordering": 24, "Ground level": "6H\u00b015/2", "Ionization energies": [6.19785, 11.9, 21.6, 36.0, 56.0, 70.1, 90.0, 114.0, 130.0, 147.0, 171.0, 195.0, 218.0, 240.0, 259.0, 279.0, 303.0, 339.0, 361.0, 497.0, 526.0, 557.0, 590.0, 621.0, 652.0, 700.0, 733.0, 768.0, 800.0, 960.0, 1000.0, 1040.0, 1080.0, 1200.0, 1240.0, 1360.0, 1410.0, 1550.0, 1630.0, 1720.0, 1800.0, 1890.0, 1970.0, 2050.0, 2140.0, 2240.0, 2320.0, 2410.0, 2490.0, 2580.0, 2670.0, 3080.0, 3154.0, 3232.0, 3315.0, 3393.0, 3469.0, 3630.0, 3709.0, 3797.0, 3877.0, 4202.0, 4281.0, 4365.0, 4445.0, 4940.0, 5040.0, 5270.0, 5360.0, 8500.0, 8670.0, 8850.0, 9050.0, 9240.0, 9420.0, 9880.0, 10070.0, 10280.0, 10480.0, 11020.0, 11190.0, 11380.0, 11550.0, 13090.0, 13300.0, 13720.0, 13910.0, 28380.0, 28800.0, 29300.0, 29800.0, 35500.0, 36200.0, 37000.0, 37457.6, 146904.7, 149398.0], "Electron affinity": -1.72}, "Br": {"Atomic mass": 79.904, "Atomic no": 35, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -480.182643, "2p": -55.67796, "2s": -61.710022, "3d": -2.52211, "3p": -6.298805, "3s": -8.409057, "4p": -0.295334, "4s": -0.720066}, "Atomic radius": 1.15, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.94, "Boiling point": "332 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "1.9 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Critical temperature": "586 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>18</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>5</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [5, -1], "Ionic radii": {"-1": 1.82, "3": 0.73, "5": 0.45, "7": 0.53}, "Liquid range": "66.2 K", "Melting point": "265.8 K", "Mendeleev no": 98, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Bromine", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.001132", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.82, "ionic_radius": 1.96}}}, "3": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.73, "ionic_radius": 0.59}}}, "5": {"IIIPY": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.45, "ionic_radius": 0.31}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.39, "ionic_radius": 0.25}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.53, "ionic_radius": 0.39}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.12 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.85, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.96, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.14, "iupac_ordering": 100, "IUPAC ordering": 100, "Ground level": "2P\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [11.81381, 21.591, 34.871, 47.782, 59.595, 87.39, 103.03, 192.61, 224.0, 261.0, 301.0, 338.0, 393.0, 436.0, 481.0, 530.0, 577.0, 716.3, 761.0, 809.8, 870.0, 920.8, 963.0, 1070.6, 1119.17, 2731.4, 2869.0, 3021.0, 3169.0, 3361.0, 3523.1, 3735.0, 3868.986, 16317.011, 16937.127], "Electron affinity": 3.3635883}, "C": {"Atomic mass": 12.0107, "Atomic no": 6, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -9.947718, "2p": -0.199186, "2s": -0.500866}, "Atomic radius": 0.7, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.67, "Boiling point": "4300 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "33 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "7.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2267 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 1000 - direction dependent10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, -4, -3, -2], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.3}, "Liquid range": "500 K", "Melting point": "3800 K", "Mendeleev no": 95, "Mineral hardness": "0.5 (graphite; diamond is 10.0)(no units)", "Molar volume": "5.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Carbon", "Oxidation states": [-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "27 %", "Refractive index": "2.417 (diamond)(no units)", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.06, "ionic_radius": -0.08}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.29, "ionic_radius": 0.15}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.3, "ionic_radius": 0.16}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "140 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.7, "Velocity of sound": "18350 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.55, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"C-11": 33.27}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 86, "IUPAC ordering": 86, "Ground level": "3P0", "Ionization energies": [11.260288, 24.383154, 47.88778, 64.49352, 392.090518, 489.993198], "Electron affinity": 1.262113612}, "Ca": {"Atomic mass": 40.078, "Atomic no": 20, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -143.935181, "2p": -12.285376, "2s": -15.046905, "3p": -1.030572, "3s": -1.706331, "4s": -0.141411}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.94, "Boiling point": "1757 K", "Brinell hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "17 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "1550 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "3.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.14}, "Liquid range": "642 K", "Melting point": "1115 K", "Mendeleev no": 16, "Mineral hardness": "1.75", "Molar volume": "26.20 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Calcium", "Oxidation states": [2], "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "7.4 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.2, "ionic_radius": 1.06}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.12}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.32, "ionic_radius": 1.18}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.37, "ionic_radius": 1.23}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.48, "ionic_radius": 1.34}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "200 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.31, "Velocity of sound": "3810 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.0, "Youngs modulus": "20 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Ca-41": -66.5, "Ca-43": -40.8}, "Metallic radius": 1.976, "iupac_ordering": 15, "IUPAC ordering": 15, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [6.11315547, 11.871719, 50.91316, 67.2732, 84.34, 108.78, 127.21, 147.24, 188.54, 211.275, 591.6, 658.2, 728.6, 817.2, 894.0, 973.7, 1086.8, 1157.726, 5128.8578, 5469.8616], "Electron affinity": 0.024551}, "Cd": {"Atomic mass": 112.411, "Atomic no": 48, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -941.476646, "2p": -127.63512, "2s": -136.83249, "3d": -14.685252, "3p": -21.637522, "3s": -25.379908, "4d": -0.47053, "4p": -2.39526, "4s": -3.596069, "5s": -0.204228}, "Atomic radius": 1.55, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.61, "Boiling point": "1040 K", "Brinell hardness": "203 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "42 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "30.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.09}, "Liquid range": "445.78 K", "Melting point": "594.22 K", "Mendeleev no": 75, "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Molar volume": "13.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Cadmium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Reflectivity": "67 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "19 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.92, "ionic_radius": 0.78}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.01, "ionic_radius": 0.87}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.17, "ionic_radius": 1.03}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.24, "ionic_radius": 1.1}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.45, "ionic_radius": 1.31}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.517 K", "Thermal conductivity": "97 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.18, "Velocity of sound": "2310 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.69, "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.51, "iupac_ordering": 75, "IUPAC ordering": 75, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [8.99382, 16.908313, 37.468, 51.0, 67.9, 87.0, 105.0, 130.1, 150.0, 173.0, 195.0, 218.0, 305.0, 329.0, 358.0, 385.0, 421.0, 452.6, 513.0, 546.19, 963.0, 1026.0, 1095.0, 1167.0, 1237.0, 1320.0, 1401.0, 1477.0, 1558.0, 1635.0, 1852.0, 1917.9, 1998.0, 2091.0, 2195.0, 2250.0, 2427.0, 2498.62, 5839.0, 6039.0, 6257.0, 6460.0, 6869.0, 7109.0, 7414.0, 7607.95, 31451.062, 32341.49], "Electron affinity": -0.72}, "Ce": {"Atomic mass": 140.116, "Atomic no": 58, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1406.148284, "2p": -206.925148, "2s": -218.684842, "3d": -32.412569, "3p": -41.938282, "3s": -47.035283, "4d": -4.192548, "4f": -0.337442, "4p": -7.532106, "4s": -9.432744, "5d": -0.14055, "5p": -0.85011, "5s": -1.369728, "6s": -0.133974}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "3633 K", "Brinell hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "22 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6689 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "74 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>1</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.15, "4": 1.01}, "Liquid range": "2565 K", "Melting point": "1068 K", "Mendeleev no": 32, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "20.69 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Cerium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "14 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.15, "ionic_radius": 1.01}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.21, "ionic_radius": 1.07}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.283, "ionic_radius": 1.143}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.336, "ionic_radius": 1.196}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.39, "ionic_radius": 1.25}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.48, "ionic_radius": 1.34}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.01, "ionic_radius": 0.87}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.21, "ionic_radius": 1.07}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.28, "ionic_radius": 1.14}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.022  (under pressure)K", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.42, "Velocity of sound": "2100 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "270 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.12, "Youngs modulus": "34 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.707, "iupac_ordering": 46, "IUPAC ordering": 46, "Ground level": "1G\u00b04", "Ionization energies": [5.5386, 10.956, 20.1974, 36.906, 65.55, 77.6, 91.0, 106.0, 125.0, 140.0, 172.0, 192.24, 312.0, 340.0, 371.0, 403.0, 435.0, 472.0, 509.0, 543.0, 579.0, 613.0, 749.0, 785.0, 824.0, 862.0, 924.0, 965.0, 1060.0, 1103.5, 1908.0, 1994.0, 2087.0, 2185.0, 2280.0, 2378.0, 2500.0, 2600.0, 2706.0, 2806.0, 3087.0, 3176.0, 3274.0, 3366.0, 3570.0, 3672.0, 3865.0, 3963.0, 9020.0, 9269.0, 9545.0, 9803.0, 10542.0, 10840.0, 11210.0, 11459.85, 46840.306, 47965.72], "Electron affinity": 0.572}, "Cf": {"Atomic mass": 251.0, "Atomic no": 98, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "15100 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>10</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.09, "4": 0.961}, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "1173 K", "Mendeleev no": 39, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "16.50 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Californium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.961, "ionic_radius": 0.821}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.06, "ionic_radius": 0.92}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.45, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.86, "iupac_ordering": 23, "IUPAC ordering": 23, "Ground level": "5I8", "Ionization energies": [6.28166, 12.0, 22.4, 37.7, 51.9, 75.0, 91.0, 112.9, 133.0, 152.0, 178.0, 201.0, 225.0, 247.0, 265.0, 286.0, 310.0, 334.0, 368.0, 390.0, 536.0, 566.0, 597.0, 630.0, 662.0, 695.0, 744.0, 778.0, 814.0, 847.0, 1010.0, 1050.0, 1090.0, 1120.0, 1250.0, 1300.0, 1420.0, 1470.0, 1620.0, 1700.0, 1790.0, 1880.0, 1960.0, 2050.0, 2130.0, 2220.0, 2320.0, 2410.0, 2490.0, 2580.0, 2670.0, 2750.0, 3186.0, 3261.0, 3340.0, 3424.0, 3503.0, 3581.0, 3747.0, 3828.0, 3915.0, 3998.0, 4329.0, 4407.0, 4494.0, 4570.0, 5100.0, 5190.0, 5430.0, 5520.0, 8730.0, 8900.0, 9090.0, 9290.0, 9480.0, 9660.0, 10140.0, 10330.0, 10550.0, 10740.0, 11300.0, 11470.0, 11650.0, 11820.0, 13450.0, 13660.0, 14080.0, 14280.0, 29000.0, 29500.0, 30000.0, 30500.0, 36500.0, 37100.0, 37900.0, 38443.5, 150579.3, 153124.0], "Electron affinity": -1.01}, "Cl": {"Atomic mass": 35.453, "Atomic no": 17, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -100.369229, "2p": -7.039982, "2s": -9.187993, "3p": -0.32038, "3s": -0.754458}, "Atomic radius": 1.0, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.79, "Boiling point": "239.11 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "1.1 (liquid)GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Critical temperature": "417 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>10</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>5</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-1], "Ionic radii": {"-1": 1.67, "5": 0.26, "7": 0.41}, "Liquid range": "67.51 K", "Melting point": "171.6 K", "Mendeleev no": 99, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Chlorine", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000773", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.67, "ionic_radius": 1.81}}}, "5": {"IIIPY": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.26, "ionic_radius": 0.12}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.22, "ionic_radius": 0.08}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.41, "ionic_radius": 0.27}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0089 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.75, "Velocity of sound": "206 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 3.16, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Cl-35": -81.65, "Cl-37": -64.35}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 101, "IUPAC ordering": 101, "Ground level": "2P\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [12.967633, 23.81364, 39.8, 53.24, 67.68, 96.94, 114.2013, 348.306, 400.851, 456.7, 530.0, 591.58, 656.3, 750.23, 809.198, 3658.3438, 3946.2909], "Electron affinity": 3.61272528}, "Cm": {"Atomic mass": 247.0, "Atomic no": 96, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "3383 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "13510 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>7</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.11, "4": 0.99}, "Liquid range": "1770 K", "Melting point": "1613 K", "Mendeleev no": 41, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "18.05 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Curium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.99, "ionic_radius": 0.85}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "8.8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.45, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.743, "iupac_ordering": 25, "IUPAC ordering": 25, "Ground level": "9D\u00b02", "Ionization energies": [5.99141, 12.4, 20.1, 37.7, 51.0, 69.1, 97.0, 112.0, 128.0, 144.0, 167.0, 190.0, 213.0, 235.0, 253.0, 272.0, 311.0, 332.0, 460.0, 489.0, 518.0, 550.0, 580.0, 611.0, 657.0, 689.0, 723.0, 755.0, 910.0, 950.0, 990.0, 1030.0, 1140.0, 1180.0, 1300.0, 1340.0, 1480.0, 1560.0, 1650.0, 1730.0, 1810.0, 1890.0, 1980.0, 2060.0, 2160.0, 2240.0, 2320.0, 2410.0, 2490.0, 2580.0, 2976.0, 3050.0, 3125.0, 3207.0, 3284.0, 3360.0, 3515.0, 3593.0, 3679.0, 3758.0, 4078.0, 4156.0, 4239.0, 4317.0, 4791.0, 4880.0, 5110.0, 5200.0, 8270.0, 8440.0, 8620.0, 8820.0, 9000.0, 9180.0, 9630.0, 9820.0, 10020.0, 10220.0, 10760.0, 10920.0, 11100.0, 11270.0, 12740.0, 12950.0, 13350.0, 13550.0, 27740.0, 28180.0, 28700.0, 29100.0, 34600.0, 35200.0, 36000.0, 36493.0, 143299.6, 145743.0], "Electron affinity": 0.28}, "Co": {"Atomic mass": 58.933195, "Atomic no": 27, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -275.616639, "2p": -28.152095, "2s": -32.379758, "3d": -0.322368, "3p": -2.388285, "3s": -3.651812, "4s": -0.204497}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.52, "Boiling point": "3200 K", "Brinell hardness": "700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.0 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8900 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>7</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.885, "3": 0.75, "4": 0.67}, "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.885, "3": 0.75, "4": 0.67}, "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.79, "3": 0.685}, "Liquid range": "1432 K", "Melting point": "1768 K", "Mendeleev no": 64, "Mineral hardness": "5.0", "Molar volume": "6.67 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Cobalt", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Reflectivity": "67 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "75 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}}, "VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.79, "ionic_radius": 0.65}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.885, "ionic_radius": 0.745}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.04, "ionic_radius": 0.9}}}, "3": {"VI": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.75, "ionic_radius": 0.61}, "Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.685, "ionic_radius": 0.545}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.54, "ionic_radius": 0.4}}, "VI": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "100 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.0, "Velocity of sound": "4720 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1043 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.88, "Youngs modulus": "209 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Co-59": 420.3}, "Metallic radius": 1.25, "iupac_ordering": 67, "IUPAC ordering": 67, "Ground level": "4F9/2", "Ionization energies": [7.88101, 17.0844, 33.5, 51.27, 79.5, 102.0, 128.9, 157.8, 186.14, 275.4, 305.32, 336.1, 378.5, 410.0, 441.1, 511.96, 546.588, 1397.2, 1504.5, 1606.0, 1724.0, 1844.0, 1960.8, 2119.4, 2218.876, 9544.1833, 10012.122], "Electron affinity": 0.662265}, "Cr": {"Atomic mass": 51.9961, "Atomic no": 24, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -213.881191, "2p": -20.526273, "2s": -24.113457, "3d": -0.118123, "3p": -1.65423, "3s": -2.649085, "4s": -0.150445}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.66, "Boiling point": "2944 K", "Brinell hardness": "1120 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "160 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3, 6], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7140 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "12.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>5</sup>.4s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.94}, "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.94}, "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.87, "3": 0.755, "4": 0.69, "5": 0.63, "6": 0.58}, "Liquid range": "764 K", "Melting point": "2180 K", "Mendeleev no": 57, "Mineral hardness": "8.5", "Molar volume": "7.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Chromium", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "115 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.94, "ionic_radius": 0.8}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.755, "ionic_radius": 0.615}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.55, "ionic_radius": 0.41}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.485, "ionic_radius": 0.345}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.63, "ionic_radius": 0.49}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.4, "ionic_radius": 0.26}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.58, "ionic_radius": 0.44}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "94 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.06, "Velocity of sound": "5940 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1060 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.66, "Youngs modulus": "279 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Cr-53": -150.5}, "Metallic radius": 1.285, "iupac_ordering": 58, "IUPAC ordering": 58, "Ground level": "7S3", "Ionization energies": [6.76651, 16.486305, 30.959, 49.16, 69.46, 90.6349, 160.29, 184.76, 209.5, 244.5, 270.8, 296.7, 354.7, 384.163, 1011.6, 1097.2, 1188.0, 1294.8, 1394.5, 1495.1, 1634.1, 1721.183, 7481.8628, 7894.7992], "Electron affinity": 0.6758412}, "Cs": {"Atomic mass": 132.9054519, "Atomic no": 55, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1256.738791, "2p": -180.995344, "2s": -191.981873, "3d": -26.418398, "3p": -35.166423, "3s": -39.851584, "4d": -2.848386, "4p": -5.769326, "4s": -7.455966, "5p": -0.504903, "5s": -0.915819, "6s": -0.078699}, "Atomic radius": 2.6, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.98, "Boiling point": "944 K", "Brinell hardness": "0.14 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "1.6 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "1938 K", "Density of solid": "1879 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "21 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].6s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.81}, "Liquid range": "642.41 K", "Melting point": "301.59 K", "Mendeleev no": 8, "Mineral hardness": "0.2", "Molar volume": "70.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Cesium", "Oxidation states": [1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.81, "ionic_radius": 1.67}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.88, "ionic_radius": 1.74}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.92, "ionic_radius": 1.78}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.95, "ionic_radius": 1.81}}, "XI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.99, "ionic_radius": 1.85}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 2.02, "ionic_radius": 1.88}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "36 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.43, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.79, "Youngs modulus": "1.7 GPa", "Metallic radius": 2.719, "iupac_ordering": 7, "IUPAC ordering": 7, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [3.89390572743, 23.15745, 33.195, 43.0, 56.0, 69.1, 82.9, 110.1, 125.61, 213.3, 233.0, 261.0, 289.0, 316.0, 352.0, 382.0, 413.0, 445.0, 476.0, 597.0, 629.0, 666.0, 700.0, 753.0, 791.0, 875.0, 916.1, 1592.0, 1672.0, 1757.0, 1848.0, 1936.0, 2029.0, 2137.0, 2230.0, 2329.0, 2422.0, 2683.0, 2767.0, 2859.0, 2945.0, 3118.0, 3214.0, 3392.0, 3485.0, 7989.0, 8224.0, 8484.0, 8726.0, 9350.0, 9629.0, 9974.0, 10208.78, 41861.075, 42912.99], "Electron affinity": 0.47163025}, "Cu": {"Atomic mass": 63.546, "Atomic no": 29, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -320.78852, "2p": -33.481247, "2s": -38.14131, "3d": -0.202272, "3p": -2.609244, "3s": -4.057453, "4s": -0.172056}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Boiling point": "3200 K", "Brinell hardness": "874 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "140 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "16.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8920 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "1.72 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.91, "2": 0.87, "3": 0.68}, "Liquid range": "1842.23 K", "Melting point": "1357.77 K", "Mendeleev no": 72, "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Molar volume": "7.11 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Copper", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Reflectivity": "90 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "48 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.6, "ionic_radius": 0.46}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.91, "ionic_radius": 0.77}}}, "2": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}, "IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.79, "ionic_radius": 0.65}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}}}, "3": {"VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.68, "ionic_radius": 0.54}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "400 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.96, "Velocity of sound": "3570 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "369 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Youngs modulus": "130 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Cu-63": -220.15, "Cu-65": -204.14}, "Metallic radius": 1.278, "iupac_ordering": 73, "IUPAC ordering": 73, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [7.72638, 20.29239, 36.841, 57.38, 79.8, 103.0, 139.0, 166.0, 198.0, 232.2, 265.33, 367.0, 401.0, 436.0, 483.1, 518.7, 552.8, 632.5, 670.608, 1690.5, 1800.0, 1918.0, 2044.0, 2179.4, 2307.3, 2479.1, 2586.954, 11062.4313, 11567.613], "Electron affinity": 1.235784}, "Dy": {"Atomic mass": 162.5, "Atomic no": 66, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1843.229585, "2p": -281.558531, "2s": -295.342856, "3d": -47.4867, "3p": -59.091931, "3s": -65.299442, "4d": -5.686352, "4f": -0.265302, "4p": -10.094091, "4s": -12.551251, "5p": -0.90349, "5s": -1.547977, "6s": -0.132769}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.28, "Boiling point": "2840 K", "Brinell hardness": "500 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "41 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8551 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "92.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.21, "3": 1.052}, "Liquid range": "1160 K", "Melting point": "1680 K", "Mendeleev no": 24, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.01 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Dysprosium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "25 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.21, "ionic_radius": 1.07}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.27, "ionic_radius": 1.13}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.33, "ionic_radius": 1.19}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.052, "ionic_radius": 0.912}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.167, "ionic_radius": 1.027}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.223, "ionic_radius": 1.083}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.31, "Velocity of sound": "2710 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "540 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.22, "Youngs modulus": "61 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.773, "iupac_ordering": 38, "IUPAC ordering": 38, "Ground level": "5I8", "Ionization energies": [5.93905, 11.647, 22.89, 41.23, 62.1, 93.0, 110.0, 127.0, 152.0, 170.0, 192.0, 224.0, 259.0, 279.0, 300.0, 332.0, 366.0, 399.0, 431.0, 464.9, 664.0, 702.0, 743.0, 786.0, 827.0, 872.0, 924.0, 969.0, 1014.0, 1059.0, 1232.0, 1275.0, 1325.0, 1371.0, 1468.0, 1520.0, 1638.0, 1691.7, 2882.0, 2987.0, 3098.0, 3217.0, 3331.0, 3445.0, 3607.0, 3725.0, 3852.0, 3970.0, 4303.0, 4407.0, 4523.0, 4629.0, 4945.0, 5066.0, 5296.0, 5412.0, 12081.0, 12370.0, 12690.0, 12986.0, 14144.0, 14495.0, 14936.0, 15228.06, 61736.56, 63073.5], "Electron affinity": 0.352}, "Er": {"Atomic mass": 167.259, "Atomic no": 68, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1961.799176, "2p": -302.01827, "2s": -316.310631, "3d": -51.682149, "3p": -63.818655, "3s": -70.310142, "4d": -6.127443, "4f": -0.278577, "4p": -10.819574, "4s": -13.423547, "5p": -0.935202, "5s": -1.616073, "6s": -0.134905}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.26, "Boiling point": "3141 K", "Brinell hardness": "814 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "44 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "9066 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "86.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>12</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.03}, "Liquid range": "1371 K", "Melting point": "1802 K", "Mendeleev no": 22, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "18.46 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Erbium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "28 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.03, "ionic_radius": 0.89}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.085, "ionic_radius": 0.945}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.144, "ionic_radius": 1.004}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.202, "ionic_radius": 1.062}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "15 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.29, "Velocity of sound": "2830 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "589 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.24, "Youngs modulus": "70 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.756, "iupac_ordering": 36, "IUPAC ordering": 36, "Ground level": "3H6", "Ionization energies": [6.1077, 11.916, 22.7, 42.42, 65.1, 96.0, 114.0, 131.0, 158.0, 177.0, 201.0, 235.0, 268.0, 290.0, 311.0, 345.0, 381.0, 415.0, 450.0, 486.0, 520.0, 555.0, 770.0, 810.0, 853.0, 899.0, 943.0, 989.0, 1046.0, 1092.0, 1142.0, 1188.0, 1370.0, 1416.0, 1468.0, 1516.0, 1625.0, 1678.0, 1803.0, 1858.5, 3157.0, 3265.0, 3381.0, 3505.0, 3624.0, 3742.0, 3916.0, 4038.0, 4170.0, 4294.0, 4639.0, 4748.0, 4866.0, 4978.0, 5329.0, 5455.0, 5695.0, 5815.0, 12918.0, 13217.0, 13548.0, 13855.0, 15146.0, 15511.0, 15971.0, 16274.56, 65848.24, 67241.9], "Electron affinity": 0.312}, "Es": {"Atomic mass": 252.0, "Atomic no": 99, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>11</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "1133 K", "Mendeleev no": 38, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "28.52 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Einsteinium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.45, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.86, "iupac_ordering": 22, "IUPAC ordering": 22, "Ground level": "4I\u00b015/2", "Ionization energies": [6.36758, 12.2, 22.7, 38.8, 54.1, 71.0, 97.0, 112.9, 137.0, 157.0, 180.0, 206.0, 231.0, 252.0, 270.0, 294.0, 317.0, 342.0, 367.0, 398.0, 421.0, 576.0, 606.0, 638.0, 672.0, 705.0, 738.0, 790.0, 824.0, 861.0, 895.0, 1060.0, 1100.0, 1140.0, 1180.0, 1310.0, 1360.0, 1480.0, 1530.0, 1690.0, 1780.0, 1870.0, 1950.0, 2040.0, 2130.0, 2220.0, 2300.0, 2410.0, 2490.0, 2580.0, 2680.0, 2760.0, 2850.0, 3294.0, 3370.0, 3449.0, 3535.0, 3616.0, 3694.0, 3866.0, 3947.0, 4038.0, 4120.0, 4456.0, 4537.0, 4620.0, 4700.0, 5260.0, 5350.0, 5600.0, 5690.0, 8960.0, 9140.0, 9330.0, 9530.0, 9720.0, 9910.0, 10400.0, 10590.0, 10810.0, 11010.0, 11570.0, 11740.0, 11930.0, 12110.0, 13810.0, 14030.0, 14460.0, 14700.0, 29700.0, 30100.0, 30700.0, 31100.0, 37400.0, 38100.0, 38900.0, 39451.4, 154328.1, 156926.0], "Electron affinity": -0.3}, "Eu": {"Atomic mass": 151.964, "Atomic no": 63, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1672.309322, "2p": -252.176697, "2s": -265.199534, "3d": -41.465518, "3p": -52.281987, "3s": -58.068128, "4d": -5.03242, "4f": -0.232773, "4p": -9.025455, "4s": -11.267747, "5p": -0.853575, "5s": -1.444087, "6s": -0.129426}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.31, "Boiling point": "1800 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "8.3 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "35 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "5244 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "90 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>7</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.31, "3": 1.087}, "Liquid range": "701 K", "Melting point": "1099 K", "Mendeleev no": 18, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "28.97 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Europium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.15", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "7.9 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.31, "ionic_radius": 1.17}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.34, "ionic_radius": 1.2}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.39, "ionic_radius": 1.25}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.44, "ionic_radius": 1.3}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.49, "ionic_radius": 1.35}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.087, "ionic_radius": 0.947}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.15, "ionic_radius": 1.01}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.206, "ionic_radius": 1.066}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.12}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "14 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.35, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.2, "Youngs modulus": "18 GPa", "Metallic radius": 2.041, "iupac_ordering": 41, "IUPAC ordering": 41, "Ground level": "8S\u00b07/2", "Ionization energies": [5.670385, 11.24, 24.84, 42.94, 63.2, 89.0, 105.0, 120.0, 144.0, 161.0, 183.0, 213.0, 243.0, 263.0, 281.0, 311.0, 344.4, 518.0, 553.0, 590.0, 630.0, 667.0, 709.0, 755.0, 795.0, 838.0, 879.0, 1037.0, 1078.0, 1124.0, 1167.0, 1249.0, 1296.0, 1406.0, 1456.06, 2495.0, 2591.0, 2697.0, 2807.0, 2914.0, 3022.0, 3168.0, 3279.0, 3398.0, 3510.0, 3823.0, 3921.0, 4031.0, 4131.0, 4400.0, 4513.0, 4729.0, 4838.0, 10880.0, 11153.0, 11457.0, 11739.0, 12718.0, 13050.0, 13462.0, 13738.58, 55865.92, 57120.64], "Electron affinity": 0.11613}, "F": {"Atomic mass": 18.9984032, "Atomic no": 9, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -24.189391, "2p": -0.415606, "2s": -1.086859}, "Atomic radius": 0.5, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.42, "Boiling point": "85.03 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1], "Critical temperature": "144 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>5</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-1], "Ionic radii": {"-1": 1.19, "7": 0.22}, "Liquid range": "31.5 K", "Melting point": "53.53 K", "Mendeleev no": 102, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.20 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Fluorine", "Oxidation states": [-1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000195", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-1": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.145, "ionic_radius": 1.285}}, "III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.3}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.17, "ionic_radius": 1.31}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.19, "ionic_radius": 1.33}}}, "7": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.22, "ionic_radius": 0.08}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0277 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.47, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 3.98, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"F-19": -94.2}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 102, "IUPAC ordering": 102, "Ground level": "2P\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [17.42282, 34.97081, 62.70798, 87.175, 114.249, 157.16311, 185.1868, 953.89805, 1103.11748], "Electron affinity": 3.401189824}, "Fe": {"Atomic mass": 55.845, "Atomic no": 26, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -254.225505, "2p": -25.551766, "2s": -29.56486, "3d": -0.295049, "3p": -2.187523, "3s": -3.360621, "4s": -0.197978}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Boiling point": "3134 K", "Brinell hardness": "490 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "170 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7874 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "10 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>6</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.92, "3": 0.785}, "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.92, "3": 0.785}, "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.75, "3": 0.69, "4": 0.725, "6": 0.39}, "Liquid range": "1323 K", "Melting point": "1811 K", "Mendeleev no": 61, "Mineral hardness": "4.0", "Molar volume": "7.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Iron", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.29", "Reflectivity": "65 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "82 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.77, "ionic_radius": 0.63}}, "IVSQ": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.78, "ionic_radius": 0.64}}, "VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.75, "ionic_radius": 0.61}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.92, "ionic_radius": 0.78}}, "VIII": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 1.06, "ionic_radius": 0.92}}}, "3": {"IV": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.63, "ionic_radius": 0.49}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}, "VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.785, "ionic_radius": 0.645}}, "VIII": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.92, "ionic_radius": 0.78}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.725, "ionic_radius": 0.585}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.39, "ionic_radius": 0.25}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "80 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.04, "Velocity of sound": "4910 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "608 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.83, "Youngs modulus": "211 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Fe-57": 160.0}, "Metallic radius": 1.277, "iupac_ordering": 64, "IUPAC ordering": 64, "Ground level": "5D4", "Ionization energies": [7.9024681, 16.19921, 30.651, 54.91, 75.0, 98.985, 124.976, 151.06, 233.6, 262.1, 290.9, 330.8, 361.0, 392.2, 456.2, 489.312, 1262.7, 1357.8, 1460.0, 1575.6, 1687.0, 1798.4, 1950.4, 2045.759, 8828.1879, 9277.6818], "Electron affinity": 0.15323634}, "Fm": {"Atomic mass": 257.0, "Atomic no": 100, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>12</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "about 1800 K", "Mendeleev no": 37, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Fermium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.45, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 21, "IUPAC ordering": 21, "Ground level": "3H6", "Ionization energies": [6.5, 12.4, 23.2, 39.3, 55.0, 74.0, 93.0, 120.0, 136.0, 162.0, 185.0, 209.0, 237.0, 257.0, 276.0, 300.0, 326.0, 351.0, 377.0, 402.0, 430.0, 453.0, 616.0, 647.0, 680.0, 716.0, 749.0, 782.0, 837.0, 871.0, 909.0, 944.0, 1110.0, 1150.0, 1190.0, 1230.0, 1370.0, 1420.0, 1550.0, 1600.0, 1770.0, 1850.0, 1940.0, 2030.0, 2120.0, 2210.0, 2300.0, 2390.0, 2490.0, 2590.0, 2680.0, 2760.0, 2850.0, 2950.0, 3403.0, 3480.0, 3561.0, 3647.0, 3730.0, 3810.0, 3986.0, 4070.0, 4160.0, 4245.0, 4586.0, 4670.0, 4760.0, 4840.0, 5420.0, 5510.0, 5760.0, 5860.0, 9200.0, 9370.0, 9570.0, 9770.0, 9970.0, 10160.0, 10660.0, 10860.0, 11080.0, 11280.0, 11850.0, 12020.0, 12220.0, 12390.0, 14180.0, 14400.0, 14800.0, 15000.0, 30300.0, 30800.0, 31300.0, 31800.0, 38400.0, 39100.0, 40000.0, 40482.2, 158152.5, 160804.0], "Electron affinity": 0.35}, "Fr": {"Atomic mass": 223.0, "Atomic no": 87, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3283.263399, "2p": -542.41424, "2s": -561.73045, "3d": -111.085223, "3p": -128.607136, "3s": -137.959632, "4d": -20.812462, "4f": -10.050648, "4p": -28.648131, "4s": -32.861013, "5d": -2.360991, "5p": -4.97328, "5s": -6.509516, "6p": -0.466197, "6s": -0.841848, "7s": -0.076176}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].7s<sup>1</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.94}, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "maybe about 300 K", "Mendeleev no": 7, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Francium", "Oxidation states": [1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.94, "ionic_radius": 1.8}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.48, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.7, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 6, "IUPAC ordering": 6, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [4.0727411, 22.4, 33.5, 39.1, 50.0, 67.0, 80.0, 106.0, 120.0, 179.0, 200.0, 222.1, 245.0, 269.0, 293.0, 324.0, 349.0, 375.0, 400.0, 530.0, 560.0, 590.0, 620.0, 690.0, 720.0, 810.0, 850.0, 910.0, 980.0, 1040.0, 1110.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1320.0, 1380.0, 1460.0, 1530.0, 1600.0, 1670.0, 1740.0, 1810.0, 2119.0, 2182.0, 2247.0, 2317.0, 2384.0, 2450.0, 2564.0, 2631.0, 2706.0, 2774.0, 3049.0, 3115.0, 3190.0, 3257.0, 3556.0, 3635.0, 3828.0, 3907.0, 6365.0, 6516.0, 6678.0, 6849.0, 7013.0, 7172.0, 7500.0, 7670.0, 7850.0, 8020.0, 8500.0, 8640.0, 8800.0, 8950.0, 9890.0, 10070.0, 10420.0, 10590.0, 22330.0, 22730.0, 23170.0, 23570.0, 27060.0, 27590.0, 28260.0, 28683.4, 113817.2, 115859.0], "Electron affinity": 0.486}, "Ga": {"Atomic mass": 69.723, "Atomic no": 31, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -370.170639, "2p": -40.093339, "2s": -45.200869, "3d": -0.736204, "3p": -3.584666, "3s": -5.241645, "4p": -0.101634, "4s": -0.328019}, "Atomic radius": 1.3, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.36, "Boiling point": "2477 K", "Brinell hardness": "60 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "120 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "5904 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about  14 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.76}, "Liquid range": "2174.09 K", "Melting point": "302.91 K", "Mendeleev no": 81, "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Molar volume": "11.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Gallium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.61, "ionic_radius": 0.47}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.083 K", "Thermal conductivity": "29 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.87, "Velocity of sound": "2740 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.81, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.35, "iupac_ordering": 79, "IUPAC ordering": 79, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [5.999302, 20.51514, 30.72576, 63.241, 86.01, 112.7, 140.8, 169.9, 211.0, 244.0, 280.0, 319.0, 356.0, 471.2, 508.8, 548.3, 599.8, 640.0, 677.0, 765.7, 807.308, 2010.0, 2129.0, 2258.0, 2391.0, 2543.9, 2683.0, 2868.0, 2984.426, 12696.5575, 13239.489], "Electron affinity": 0.3012011}, "Gd": {"Atomic mass": 157.25, "Atomic no": 64, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1728.625195, "2p": -262.081616, "2s": -275.36313, "3d": -43.754556, "3p": -54.836922, "3s": -60.764408, "4d": -5.531835, "4f": -0.489012, "4p": -9.669866, "4s": -11.986486, "5d": -0.12722, "5p": -0.978749, "5s": -1.608477, "6s": -0.143627}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.33, "Boiling point": "3523 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "38 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7901 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "131 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>7</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.075}, "Liquid range": "1938 K", "Melting point": "1585 K", "Mendeleev no": 27, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.90 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Gadolinium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "22 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.078, "ionic_radius": 0.938}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.193, "ionic_radius": 1.053}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.247, "ionic_radius": 1.107}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.083 K", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.34, "Velocity of sound": "2680 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "570 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.2, "Youngs modulus": "55 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.802, "iupac_ordering": 40, "IUPAC ordering": 40, "Ground level": "9D\u00b02", "Ionization energies": [6.1498, 12.076, 20.54, 44.44, 64.8, 89.0, 106.0, 123.0, 144.0, 165.0, 183.0, 213.0, 246.0, 268.0, 288.0, 319.0, 352.0, 384.4, 565.0, 601.0, 639.0, 680.0, 719.0, 761.0, 810.0, 851.0, 895.0, 937.0, 1100.0, 1142.0, 1189.0, 1233.0, 1321.0, 1368.0, 1481.0, 1532.3, 2621.0, 2720.0, 2827.0, 2941.0, 3050.0, 3160.0, 3312.0, 3424.0, 3546.0, 3660.0, 3980.0, 4080.0, 4191.0, 4294.0, 4578.0, 4693.0, 4914.0, 5025.0, 11273.0, 11552.0, 11861.0, 12147.0, 13183.0, 13521.0, 13943.0, 14224.57, 57783.9, 59065.53], "Electron affinity": 0.137}, "Ge": {"Atomic mass": 72.64, "Atomic no": 32, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -396.292991, "2p": -43.720129, "2s": -49.055282, "3d": -1.117316, "3p": -4.194822, "3s": -5.961472, "4p": -0.149882, "4s": -0.426523}, "Atomic radius": 1.25, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.25, "Boiling point": "3093 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "5323 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 50000 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.87, "4": 0.67}, "Liquid range": "1881.6 K", "Melting point": "1211.4 K", "Mendeleev no": 84, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "13.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Germanium", "Oxidation states": [-4, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.53, "ionic_radius": 0.39}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "60 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.11, "Velocity of sound": "5400 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.01, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.39, "iupac_ordering": 84, "IUPAC ordering": 84, "Ground level": "3P0", "Ionization energies": [7.899435, 15.93461, 34.0576, 45.7155, 90.5, 115.9, 144.9, 176.4, 212.5, 252.1, 286.0, 326.0, 367.0, 407.0, 527.9, 567.3, 609.1, 662.8, 706.7, 744.0, 837.1, 880.44, 2180.1, 2304.0, 2439.0, 2575.0, 2737.1, 2881.9, 3074.0, 3194.293, 13557.4208, 14119.43], "Electron affinity": 1.232676413}, "H": {"Atomic mass": 1.00794, "Atomic no": 1, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -0.233471}, "Atomic radius": 0.25, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.53, "Boiling point": "20.28 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Critical temperature": "33 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "1s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, -1], "Liquid range": "6.27 K", "Melting point": "14.01 K", "Mendeleev no": 103, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Hydrogen", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000132 (gas; liquid 1.12)(no units)", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"I": {"": {"crystal_radius": -0.24, "ionic_radius": -0.38}}, "II": {"": {"crystal_radius": -0.04, "ionic_radius": -0.18}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.1805 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.1, "Velocity of sound": "1270 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"H-2": 2.86}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 92, "IUPAC ordering": 92, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [13.598434599702], "Electron affinity": 0.754598}, "He": {"Atomic mass": 4.002602, "Atomic no": 2, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -0.570425}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.31, "Boiling point": "4.22 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "5.19 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "1s<sup>2</sup>", "Liquid range": "3.27 K", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Melting point": "0.95 K", "Mendeleev no": 1, "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "21.0 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Helium", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000035 (gas; liquid 1.028)(no units)", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.1513 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.4, "Velocity of sound": "970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 5, "IUPAC ordering": 5, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [24.587389011, 54.417765486], "Electron affinity": -0.52}, "Hf": {"Atomic mass": 178.49, "Atomic no": 72, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2210.65199, "2p": -345.687023, "2s": -361.006527, "3d": -61.231443, "3p": -74.452656, "3s": -81.522812, "4d": -7.676638, "4f": -0.871574, "4p": -12.971211, "4s": -15.883625, "5d": -0.143805, "5p": -1.246441, "5s": -2.049828, "6s": -0.166465}, "Atomic radius": 1.55, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.08, "Boiling point": "4876 K", "Brinell hardness": "1700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "110 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "13310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "34 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>2</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [4], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.85}, "Liquid range": "2370 K", "Melting point": "2506 K", "Mendeleev no": 50, "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Molar volume": "13.44 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Hafnium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "30 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.85, "ionic_radius": 0.71}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.97, "ionic_radius": 0.83}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.128 K", "Thermal conductivity": "23 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.23, "Velocity of sound": "3010 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1760 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "78 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.58, "iupac_ordering": 50, "IUPAC ordering": 50, "Ground level": "3F2", "Ionization energies": [6.82507, 14.61, 22.55, 33.37, 68.37, 98.0, 118.0, 137.0, 157.0, 187.0, 209.0, 230.0, 270.0, 310.0, 334.0, 359.0, 399.0, 440.0, 481.0, 520.0, 570.0, 610.0, 650.0, 690.0, 730.0, 772.0, 1002.0, 1047.0, 1094.0, 1146.0, 1195.0, 1245.0, 1311.0, 1362.0, 1417.0, 1467.0, 1669.0, 1719.0, 1776.0, 1827.0, 1963.0, 2022.0, 2159.0, 2218.9, 3741.0, 3858.0, 3984.0, 4118.0, 4246.0, 4372.0, 4573.0, 4703.0, 4846.0, 4980.0, 5350.0, 5468.0, 5595.0, 5713.0, 6149.0, 6284.0, 6545.0, 6674.0, 14678.0, 14999.0, 15351.0, 15680.0, 17280.0, 17680.0, 18180.0, 18502.32, 74565.93, 76077.8], "Electron affinity": 0.17807}, "Hg": {"Atomic mass": 200.59, "Atomic no": 80, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2755.022637, "2p": -443.848676, "2s": -461.27864, "3d": -84.845492, "3p": -100.328031, "3s": -108.597921, "4d": -13.019221, "4f": -4.110291, "4p": -19.636187, "4s": -23.222921, "5d": -0.452552, "5p": -2.261975, "5s": -3.423486, "6s": -0.205137}, "Atomic radius": 1.5, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.71, "Boiling point": "629.88 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "25 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1, 2], "Critical temperature": "1750 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "96 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.33, "2": 1.16}, "Liquid range": "395.56 K", "Melting point": "234.32 K", "Mendeleev no": 74, "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Molar volume": "14.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Mercury", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "73 %", "Refractive index": "1.000933", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.33, "ionic_radius": 1.19}}}, "2": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.02}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.28, "ionic_radius": 1.14}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "3.95 K", "Thermal conductivity": "8.3 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.23, "Velocity of sound": "1407 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.0, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Hg-201": 387.6}, "Metallic radius": 1.51, "iupac_ordering": 74, "IUPAC ordering": 74, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [10.437504, 18.75688, 34.49, 48.55, 61.2, 76.6, 93.0, 113.9, 134.0, 153.0, 173.0, 192.7, 276.9, 307.0, 332.0, 357.0, 402.0, 429.0, 477.0, 530.0, 560.0, 590.0, 650.0, 710.0, 760.0, 820.0, 880.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1050.0, 1110.0, 1160.0, 1220.0, 1280.0, 1549.0, 1603.0, 1661.0, 1723.0, 1780.0, 1839.0, 1928.0, 1989.0, 2052.0, 2113.0, 2354.0, 2412.0, 2478.0, 2539.0, 2745.0, 2815.0, 2981.0, 3049.9, 5055.0, 5191.0, 5335.0, 5490.0, 5636.0, 5780.0, 6041.0, 6192.0, 6356.0, 6508.0, 6933.0, 7066.0, 7211.0, 7350.0, 8010.0, 8160.0, 8470.0, 8620.0, 18550.0, 18910.0, 19310.0, 19680.0, 22120.0, 22580.0, 23170.0, 23544.1, 94124.7, 95897.7], "Electron affinity": -0.52}, "Ho": {"Atomic mass": 164.93032, "Atomic no": 67, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1902.051908, "2p": -291.700994, "2s": -305.739294, "3d": -49.565996, "3p": -61.436304, "3s": -67.785492, "4d": -5.906195, "4f": -0.272677, "4p": -10.455303, "4s": -12.985498, "5p": -0.919463, "5s": -1.582088, "6s": -0.133845}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "2993 K", "Brinell hardness": "746 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "40 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8795 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "81.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>11</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.041}, "Liquid range": "1259 K", "Melting point": "1734 K", "Mendeleev no": 23, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "18.74 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Holmium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "0.23", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.041, "ionic_radius": 0.901}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.155, "ionic_radius": 1.015}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.212, "ionic_radius": 1.072}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.12}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.3, "Velocity of sound": "2760 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "481 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.23, "Youngs modulus": "65 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.765, "iupac_ordering": 37, "IUPAC ordering": 37, "Ground level": "4I\u00b015/2", "Ionization energies": [6.0215, 11.781, 22.79, 42.52, 63.9, 95.0, 112.0, 129.0, 155.0, 173.0, 197.0, 229.0, 263.0, 284.0, 305.0, 340.0, 373.0, 408.0, 441.0, 475.0, 510.0, 715.0, 755.0, 797.0, 842.0, 885.0, 929.0, 985.0, 1029.0, 1077.0, 1122.0, 1300.0, 1346.0, 1395.0, 1443.0, 1545.0, 1598.0, 1719.0, 1773.6, 3018.0, 3125.0, 3238.0, 3359.0, 3476.0, 3592.0, 3760.0, 3880.0, 4009.0, 4131.0, 4469.0, 4576.0, 4693.0, 4802.0, 5135.0, 5258.0, 5494.0, 5611.0, 12495.0, 12790.0, 13116.0, 13417.0, 14639.0, 14998.0, 15448.0, 15745.77, 63772.43, 65136.8], "Electron affinity": 0.338}, "I": {"Atomic mass": 126.90447, "Atomic no": 53, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1161.787047, "2p": -164.603788, "2s": -175.073804, "3d": -22.600693, "3p": -30.831092, "3s": -35.243351, "4d": -1.938179, "4p": -4.572522, "4s": -6.115811, "5p": -0.267904, "5s": -0.596339}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.15, "Boiling point": "457.4 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "7.7 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Critical temperature": "819 K", "Density of solid": "4940 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>15</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>5</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [5, -1], "Ionic radii": {"-1": 2.06, "5": 1.09, "7": 0.67}, "Liquid range": "70.55 K", "Melting point": "386.85 K", "Mendeleev no": 97, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "25.72 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Iodine", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 2.06, "ionic_radius": 2.2}}}, "5": {"IIIPY": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.58, "ionic_radius": 0.44}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.56, "ionic_radius": 0.42}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.449 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.98, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.66, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"I-127": -696.12, "I-129": -604.1}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 99, "IUPAC ordering": 99, "Ground level": "2P\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [10.45126, 19.13126, 29.57, 40.357, 51.52, 74.4, 87.61, 150.81, 171.0, 197.0, 220.9, 247.0, 279.0, 307.0, 335.0, 365.0, 393.0, 505.0, 535.0, 569.0, 601.0, 649.0, 683.0, 762.0, 800.8, 1397.0, 1472.0, 1553.0, 1639.0, 1720.0, 1812.0, 1911.0, 1999.0, 2093.0, 2181.0, 2431.0, 2510.0, 2598.0, 2680.0, 2836.0, 2926.0, 3096.0, 3185.5, 7337.0, 7563.0, 7811.0, 8044.0, 8601.0, 8867.0, 9196.0, 9421.1, 38716.996, 39721.41], "Electron affinity": 3.05905238}, "In": {"Atomic mass": 114.818, "Atomic no": 49, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -983.647445, "2p": -134.628845, "2s": -144.078357, "3d": -16.139823, "3p": -23.345778, "3s": -27.2206, "4d": -0.730481, "4p": -2.795832, "4s": -4.062639, "5p": -0.101782, "5s": -0.290497}, "Atomic radius": 1.55, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Boiling point": "2345 K", "Brinell hardness": "8.83 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "32.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.94}, "Liquid range": "1915.25 K", "Melting point": "429.75 K", "Mendeleev no": 79, "Mineral hardness": "1.2", "Molar volume": "15.76 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Indium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.94, "ionic_radius": 0.8}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.06, "ionic_radius": 0.92}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "3.41 K", "Thermal conductivity": "82 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.93, "Velocity of sound": "1215 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.78, "Youngs modulus": "11 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"In-113": 759.8, "In-115": 770.8}, "Metallic radius": 1.67, "iupac_ordering": 78, "IUPAC ordering": 78, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [5.7863557, 18.87041, 28.04415, 55.45, 69.3, 90.0, 109.0, 130.1, 156.0, 178.0, 201.0, 226.0, 249.0, 341.0, 368.0, 396.0, 425.0, 462.0, 497.1, 560.0, 593.38, 1043.0, 1109.0, 1181.0, 1255.0, 1328.0, 1413.0, 1496.0, 1575.0, 1659.0, 1738.0, 1961.0, 2028.5, 2111.0, 2207.0, 2317.0, 2373.0, 2555.0, 2628.77, 6126.0, 6331.0, 6554.0, 6770.0, 7196.0, 7442.0, 7754.0, 7953.14, 32837.592, 33750.31], "Electron affinity": 0.383926}, "Ir": {"Atomic mass": 192.217, "Atomic no": 77, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2543.761342, "2p": -405.526834, "2s": -422.159424, "3d": -75.485027, "3p": -90.108427, "3s": -97.923081, "4d": -10.856593, "4f": -2.738339, "4p": -16.966578, "4s": -20.29429, "5d": -0.335189, "5p": -1.883349, "5s": -2.909174, "6s": -0.195511}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.8, "Boiling point": "4701 K", "Brinell hardness": "1670 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "320 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "22650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "4.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>7</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4, 5], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.82, "4": 0.765, "5": 0.71}, "Liquid range": "1962 K", "Melting point": "2739 K", "Mendeleev no": 66, "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Molar volume": "8.52 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Iridium", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Reflectivity": "78 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "210 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.765, "ionic_radius": 0.625}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.11 K", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.13, "Velocity of sound": "4825 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1760 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "528 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.357, "iupac_ordering": 65, "IUPAC ordering": 65, "Ground level": "4F9/2", "Ionization energies": [8.96702, 17.0, 28.0, 40.0, 57.0, 72.0, 89.0, 105.0, 122.7, 194.8, 217.0, 240.0, 264.0, 303.0, 329.0, 356.0, 407.0, 445.0, 472.0, 510.0, 560.0, 610.0, 670.0, 720.0, 770.0, 820.0, 870.0, 920.0, 980.0, 1030.0, 1080.0, 1331.0, 1381.0, 1436.0, 1493.0, 1548.0, 1603.0, 1684.0, 1739.0, 1801.0, 1857.0, 2083.0, 2139.0, 2201.0, 2258.0, 2435.0, 2500.0, 2656.0, 2720.4, 4540.0, 4668.0, 4806.0, 4952.0, 5092.0, 5229.0, 5466.0, 5609.0, 5765.0, 5910.0, 6315.0, 6441.0, 6580.0, 6708.0, 7274.0, 7421.0, 7710.0, 7850.0, 17040.0, 17390.0, 17770.0, 18120.0, 20210.0, 20650.0, 21200.0, 21556.6, 86438.9, 88113.3], "Electron affinity": 1.5643615}, "K": {"Atomic mass": 39.0983, "Atomic no": 19, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -128.414957, "2p": -10.283851, "2s": -12.839001, "3p": -0.693776, "3s": -1.281897, "4s": -0.088815}, "Atomic radius": 2.2, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.43, "Boiling point": "1032 K", "Brinell hardness": "0.363 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "3.1 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "2223 K", "Density of solid": "856 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "7.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].4s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.52}, "Liquid range": "695.47 K", "Melting point": "336.53 K", "Mendeleev no": 10, "Mineral hardness": "0.4", "Molar volume": "45.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Potassium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "1.3 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.51, "ionic_radius": 1.37}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.52, "ionic_radius": 1.38}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.6, "ionic_radius": 1.46}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.65, "ionic_radius": 1.51}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.69, "ionic_radius": 1.55}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.73, "ionic_radius": 1.59}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.78, "ionic_radius": 1.64}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "100 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.75, "Velocity of sound": "2000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.82, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"K-39": 58.5, "K-40": -73.0, "K-41": 71.1}, "Metallic radius": 2.381, "iupac_ordering": 9, "IUPAC ordering": 9, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [4.34066373, 31.625, 45.8031, 60.917, 82.66, 99.44, 117.56, 154.87, 175.8174, 503.67, 565.6, 631.1, 714.7, 786.3, 860.92, 967.7, 1034.542, 4610.87018, 4934.0484], "Electron affinity": 0.50145913}, "Kr": {"Atomic mass": 83.798, "Atomic no": 36, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -509.982989, "2p": -60.017328, "2s": -66.285953, "3d": -3.074109, "3p": -7.086634, "3s": -9.315192, "4p": -0.34634, "4s": -0.820574}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.88, "Boiling point": "119.93 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "209.4 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>6</sup>", "Liquid range": "4.14 K", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Melting point": "115.79 K", "Mendeleev no": 4, "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "27.99 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Krypton", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000427", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.00943 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Velocity of sound": "1120 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 3.0, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 2, "IUPAC ordering": 2, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [13.9996055, 24.35984, 35.838, 50.85, 64.69, 78.49, 109.13, 125.802, 233.0, 268.0, 308.0, 350.0, 391.0, 446.0, 492.0, 540.0, 591.0, 640.0, 785.0, 831.6, 882.8, 945.0, 999.0, 1042.0, 1155.0, 1205.23, 2928.9, 3072.0, 3228.0, 3380.0, 3584.0, 3752.0, 3971.0, 4109.083, 17296.421, 17936.209], "Electron affinity": -1.02}, "La": {"Atomic mass": 138.90547, "Atomic no": 57, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1355.622446, "2p": -198.325243, "2s": -209.831151, "3d": -30.626696, "3p": -39.895838, "3s": -44.856283, "4d": -3.95801, "4p": -7.167724, "4s": -9.000543, "5d": -0.141085, "5p": -0.824498, "5s": -1.324936, "6s": -0.132233}, "Atomic radius": 1.95, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "3743 K", "Brinell hardness": "363 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "28 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6146 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "61.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.172}, "Liquid range": "2550 K", "Melting point": "1193 K", "Mendeleev no": 33, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "22.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Lanthanum", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "14 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.172, "ionic_radius": 1.032}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.24, "ionic_radius": 1.1}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.3, "ionic_radius": 1.16}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.356, "ionic_radius": 1.216}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.41, "ionic_radius": 1.27}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.5, "ionic_radius": 1.36}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "6.00 K", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.43, "Velocity of sound": "2475 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "491 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Youngs modulus": "37 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"La-139": 200.6}, "Metallic radius": 1.877, "iupac_ordering": 47, "IUPAC ordering": 47, "Ground level": "2D3/2", "Ionization energies": [5.5769, 11.18496, 19.1773, 49.95, 61.6, 74.0, 88.0, 105.0, 119.0, 151.4, 168.77, 275.0, 303.0, 332.0, 364.0, 393.0, 431.0, 464.0, 498.0, 533.0, 566.0, 696.0, 731.0, 770.0, 806.0, 865.0, 906.0, 995.0, 1039.09, 1800.0, 1884.0, 1974.0, 2069.0, 2162.0, 2259.0, 2377.0, 2473.0, 2577.0, 2674.0, 2950.0, 3036.0, 3133.0, 3222.0, 3416.0, 3515.0, 3704.0, 3800.0, 8669.0, 8914.0, 9184.0, 9437.0, 10136.0, 10426.0, 10789.0, 11033.4, 45144.996, 46245.6], "Electron affinity": 0.5575462}, "Li": {"Atomic mass": 6.941, "Atomic no": 3, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1.878564, "2s": -0.10554}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.67, "Boiling point": "1615 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "11 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "46 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "3223 K", "Density of solid": "535 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "9.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1], "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.9}, "Liquid range": "1161.31 K", "Melting point": "453.69 K", "Mendeleev no": 12, "Mineral hardness": "0.6", "Molar volume": "13.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Lithium", "Oxidation states": [1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "4.2 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.73, "ionic_radius": 0.59}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.06, "ionic_radius": 0.92}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "85 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.82, "Velocity of sound": "6000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.98, "Youngs modulus": "4.9 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Li-6": -0.808, "Li-7": -40.1}, "Metallic radius": 1.52, "iupac_ordering": 11, "IUPAC ordering": 11, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [5.391714996, 75.640097, 122.45435914], "Electron affinity": 0.61804922}, "Lr": {"Atomic mass": 262.0, "Atomic no": 103, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>14</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>.7p<sup>1</sup> (tentative)", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "about 1900 K", "Mendeleev no": 34, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Lawrencium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 18, "IUPAC ordering": 18, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [4.96, 14.54, 21.8, 43.6, 56.0, 80.0, 96.0, 121.0, 143.0, 165.0, 197.0, 216.0, 244.0, 269.0, 290.0, 322.0, 344.0, 374.0, 403.0, 431.0, 459.0, 487.0, 510.0, 540.0, 560.0, 745.0, 779.0, 814.0, 852.0, 888.0, 922.0, 985.0, 1020.0, 1061.0, 1098.0, 1280.0, 1320.0, 1360.0, 1410.0, 1570.0, 1620.0, 1760.0, 1810.0, 2010.0, 2100.0, 2190.0, 2290.0, 2380.0, 2470.0, 2570.0, 2670.0, 2780.0, 2860.0, 2960.0, 3060.0, 3150.0, 3250.0, 3741.0, 3821.0, 3906.0, 3996.0, 4082.0, 4165.0, 4360.0, 4448.0, 4540.0, 4630.0, 4990.0, 5070.0, 5160.0, 5250.0, 5920.0, 6030.0, 6290.0, 6390.0, 9920.0, 10110.0, 10310.0, 10520.0, 10720.0, 10920.0, 11470.0, 11680.0, 11910.0, 12120.0, 12710.0, 12890.0, 13090.0, 13300.0, 15300.0, 15600.0, 16000.0, 16200.0, 32400.0, 32900.0, 33400.0, 33900.0, 41600.0, 42300.0, 43200.0, 43759.0, null, 172930.0], "Electron affinity": -0.31}, "Lu": {"Atomic mass": 174.967, "Atomic no": 71, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2146.885351, "2p": -334.330902, "2s": -349.390492, "3d": -58.592982, "3p": -71.538779, "3s": -78.462398, "4d": -7.113364, "4f": -0.568096, "4p": -12.250904, "4s": -15.08337, "5d": -0.103686, "5p": -1.111991, "5s": -1.872086, "6s": -0.155112}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.17, "Boiling point": "3675 K", "Brinell hardness": "893 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "48 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "9841 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "58 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.001}, "Liquid range": "1750 K", "Melting point": "1925 K", "Mendeleev no": 20, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Lutetium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "27 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.001, "ionic_radius": 0.861}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.117, "ionic_radius": 0.977}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.172, "ionic_radius": 1.032}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.022 K", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.24, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1160 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.27, "Youngs modulus": "69 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.735, "iupac_ordering": 33, "IUPAC ordering": 33, "Ground level": "2D3/2", "Ionization energies": [5.425871, 14.13, 20.9594, 45.249, 66.8, 98.0, 117.0, 136.0, 159.0, 185.0, 205.0, 238.0, 276.0, 305.0, 328.0, 361.0, 399.0, 438.0, 476.0, 520.0, 560.0, 600.0, 630.0, 670.0, 713.0, 941.0, 985.0, 1032.0, 1081.0, 1130.0, 1178.0, 1242.0, 1292.0, 1345.0, 1395.0, 1591.0, 1641.0, 1696.0, 1747.0, 1875.0, 1933.0, 2067.0, 2125.5, 3590.0, 3706.0, 3828.0, 3960.0, 4086.0, 4211.0, 4403.0, 4532.0, 4673.0, 4803.0, 5168.0, 5282.0, 5408.0, 5525.0, 5937.0, 6070.0, 6326.0, 6452.0, 14228.0, 14542.0, 14890.0, 15211.0, 16730.0, 17120.0, 17610.0, 17928.05, 72322.91, 73804.8], "Electron affinity": 0.23887}, "Md": {"Atomic mass": 258.0, "Atomic no": 101, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>13</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "about 1100 K", "Mendeleev no": 36, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Mendelevium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.46, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 20, "IUPAC ordering": 20, "Ground level": "2F\u00b07/2", "Ionization energies": [6.58, 12.4, 24.3, 40.0, 54.1, 76.0, 96.0, 115.1, 143.9, 162.0, 187.0, 215.0, 240.0, 260.0, 282.0, 307.0, 334.0, 360.0, 386.0, 412.0, 438.0, 462.0, 486.0, 659.0, 690.0, 723.0, 760.0, 794.0, 828.0, 885.0, 920.0, 958.0, 994.0, 1160.0, 1210.0, 1250.0, 1290.0, 1430.0, 1480.0, 1620.0, 1660.0, 1840.0, 1930.0, 2020.0, 2110.0, 2200.0, 2290.0, 2390.0, 2480.0, 2580.0, 2680.0, 2760.0, 2860.0, 2950.0, 3050.0, 3513.0, 3592.0, 3675.0, 3762.0, 3845.0, 3926.0, 4109.0, 4194.0, 4286.0, 4371.0, 4720.0, 4800.0, 4890.0, 4970.0, 5580.0, 5680.0, 5930.0, 6030.0, 9430.0, 9620.0, 9810.0, 10020.0, 10220.0, 10410.0, 10930.0, 11130.0, 11350.0, 11560.0, 12130.0, 12310.0, 12500.0, 12680.0, 14560.0, 14800.0, 15200.0, 15400.0, 31000.0, 31500.0, 32000.0, 32500.0, 39500.0, 40100.0, 41000.0, 41548.0, null, 164764.0], "Electron affinity": 0.98}, "Mg": {"Atomic mass": 24.305, "Atomic no": 12, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -45.973167, "2p": -1.71897, "2s": -2.903746, "3s": -0.175427}, "Atomic radius": 1.5, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Boiling point": "1363 K", "Brinell hardness": "260 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "45 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "1738 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "4.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.86}, "Liquid range": "440 K", "Melting point": "923 K", "Mendeleev no": 73, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "14.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Magnesium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Poissons ratio": "0.29", "Reflectivity": "74 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "17 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.8, "ionic_radius": 0.66}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.03, "ionic_radius": 0.89}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "160 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.73, "Velocity of sound": "4602 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.31, "Youngs modulus": "45 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Mg-25": 199.4}, "Metallic radius": 1.6, "iupac_ordering": 16, "IUPAC ordering": 16, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [7.646236, 15.035271, 80.1436, 109.2654, 141.33, 186.76, 225.02, 265.924, 327.99, 367.489, 1761.80488, 1962.66366], "Electron affinity": -0.42}, "Mn": {"Atomic mass": 54.938045, "Atomic no": 25, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -233.696912, "2p": -23.066297, "2s": -26.866646, "3d": -0.26654, "3p": -1.99145, "3s": -3.076637, "4s": -0.191136}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.61, "Boiling point": "2334 K", "Brinell hardness": "196 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "120 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "21.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4, 7], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7470 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "144 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>5</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 7], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.97, "3": 0.785, "4": 0.67, "5": 0.47, "6": 0.395, "7": 0.6}, "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.97, "3": 0.785}, "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.81, "3": 0.72, "4": 0.67, "5": 0.47, "6": 0.395, "7": 0.6}, "Liquid range": "815 K", "Melting point": "1519 K", "Mendeleev no": 60, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "7.35 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Manganese", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.8, "ionic_radius": 0.66}}, "V": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.89, "ionic_radius": 0.75}}, "VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.97, "ionic_radius": 0.83}}, "VII": {"High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 1.04, "ionic_radius": 0.9}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}}, "3": {"V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}, "VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.785, "ionic_radius": 0.645}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.53, "ionic_radius": 0.39}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.47, "ionic_radius": 0.33}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.395, "ionic_radius": 0.255}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.39, "ionic_radius": 0.25}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.6, "ionic_radius": 0.46}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "7.8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.05, "Velocity of sound": "5150 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.55, "Youngs modulus": "198 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Mn-55": 330.1}, "Metallic radius": 1.292, "iupac_ordering": 61, "IUPAC ordering": 61, "Ground level": "6S5/2", "Ionization energies": [7.434038, 15.63999, 33.668, 51.21, 72.41, 95.604, 119.203, 195.5, 221.89, 248.6, 286.1, 314.4, 343.6, 402.95, 435.172, 1133.7, 1224.1, 1320.3, 1430.9, 1537.2, 1643.2, 1788.7, 1879.873, 8140.7872, 8571.9488], "Electron affinity": -0.52}, "Mo": {"Atomic mass": 95.94, "Atomic no": 42, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -709.232119, "2p": -90.791541, "2s": -98.503638, "3d": -8.257721, "3p": -13.71481, "3s": -16.681545, "4d": -0.153347, "4p": -1.39005, "4s": -2.234824, "5s": -0.14788}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.9, "Boiling point": "4912 K", "Brinell hardness": "1500 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "230 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4, 6], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "10280 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "5.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>5</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.83, "4": 0.79, "5": 0.75, "6": 0.73}, "Liquid range": "2016 K", "Melting point": "2896 K", "Mendeleev no": 56, "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Molar volume": "9.38 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Molybdenum", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Reflectivity": "58 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.79, "ionic_radius": 0.65}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.6, "ionic_radius": 0.46}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.75, "ionic_radius": 0.61}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.55, "ionic_radius": 0.41}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.64, "ionic_radius": 0.5}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.73, "ionic_radius": 0.59}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.915 K", "Thermal conductivity": "139 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.17, "Velocity of sound": "6190 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1530 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.16, "Youngs modulus": "329 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.402, "iupac_ordering": 57, "IUPAC ordering": 57, "Ground level": "7S3", "Ionization energies": [7.09243, 16.16, 27.13, 40.33, 54.417, 68.82704, 125.638, 143.6, 164.12, 186.3, 209.3, 230.28, 279.1, 302.6, 544.0, 591.0, 646.0, 702.0, 758.0, 829.0, 890.0, 953.0, 1019.0, 1082.0, 1263.0, 1319.6, 1385.1, 1462.0, 1537.0, 1587.0, 1730.1, 1790.93, 4259.0, 4430.0, 4618.0, 4800.0, 5084.0, 5287.0, 5548.0, 5713.194, 23810.654, 24572.156], "Electron affinity": 0.74733}, "N": {"Atomic mass": 14.0067, "Atomic no": 7, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -14.011501, "2p": -0.266297, "2s": -0.676151}, "Atomic radius": 0.65, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.56, "Boiling point": "77.36 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Critical temperature": "126.2 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>3</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 3, 5, -1, -3, -2], "Ionic radii": {"-3": 1.32, "3": 0.3, "5": 0.27}, "Liquid range": "14.31 K", "Melting point": "63.05 K", "Mendeleev no": 100, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "13.54 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Nitrogen", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000298 (gas; liquid 1.197)(no units)", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-3": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.32, "ionic_radius": 1.46}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.3, "ionic_radius": 0.16}}}, "5": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.044, "ionic_radius": -0.104}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.27, "ionic_radius": 0.13}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.02583 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.55, "Velocity of sound": "333.6 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 3.04, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"N-14": 20.44}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 91, "IUPAC ordering": 91, "Ground level": "4S\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [14.53413, 29.60125, 47.4453, 77.4735, 97.8901, 552.06733, 667.046121], "Electron affinity": -0.07}, "Na": {"Atomic mass": 22.98976928, "Atomic no": 11, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -37.719975, "2p": -1.060636, "2s": -2.063401, "3s": -0.103415}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.9, "Boiling point": "1156 K", "Brinell hardness": "0.69 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "6.3 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "71 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "2573 K", "Density of solid": "968 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "4.9 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.16}, "Liquid range": "785.13 K", "Melting point": "370.87 K", "Mendeleev no": 11, "Mineral hardness": "0.5", "Molar volume": "23.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Sodium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "3.3 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.13, "ionic_radius": 0.99}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.02}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.12}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.32, "ionic_radius": 1.18}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.38, "ionic_radius": 1.24}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.53, "ionic_radius": 1.39}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "140 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.27, "Velocity of sound": "3200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.93, "Youngs modulus": "10 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Na-23": 104.1}, "Metallic radius": 1.86, "iupac_ordering": 10, "IUPAC ordering": 10, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [5.13907696, 47.28636, 71.62, 98.936, 138.404, 172.23, 208.504, 264.192, 299.856, 1465.134502, 1648.7022], "Electron affinity": 0.54792625}, "Nb": {"Atomic mass": 92.90638, "Atomic no": 41, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -673.76253, "2p": -85.272175, "2s": -92.74086, "3d": -7.339839, "3p": -12.552855, "3s": -15.393727, "4d": -0.125252, "4p": -1.250049, "4s": -2.036693, "5s": -0.144272}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.98, "Boiling point": "5017 K", "Brinell hardness": "736 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "170 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "7.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8570 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "15.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>4</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.86, "4": 0.82, "5": 0.78}, "Liquid range": "2267 K", "Melting point": "2750 K", "Mendeleev no": 53, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "10.83 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Niobium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.40", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "38 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.93, "ionic_radius": 0.79}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.62, "ionic_radius": 0.48}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.78, "ionic_radius": 0.64}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.88, "ionic_radius": 0.74}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "9.25 K", "Thermal conductivity": "54 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.18, "Velocity of sound": "3480 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1320 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.6, "Youngs modulus": "105 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.473, "iupac_ordering": 54, "IUPAC ordering": 54, "Ground level": "6D1/2", "Ionization energies": [6.75885, 14.32, 25.04, 37.611, 50.5728, 102.069, 119.1, 136.0, 159.2, 180.0, 200.28, 246.1, 268.59, 482.5, 530.0, 581.0, 636.0, 688.0, 758.0, 816.0, 877.0, 940.0, 1000.0, 1176.0, 1230.6, 1293.7, 1368.0, 1439.0, 1488.0, 1625.9, 1684.97, 4020.1, 4187.0, 4369.0, 4540.0, 4815.0, 5011.0, 5265.0, 5426.066, 22648.046, 23388.801], "Electron affinity": 0.917407}, "Nd": {"Atomic mass": 144.242, "Atomic no": 60, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1509.698955, "2p": -224.351816, "2s": -236.613572, "3d": -35.754515, "3p": -45.791219, "3s": -51.161263, "4d": -4.377027, "4f": -0.179508, "4p": -7.96782, "4s": -10.000891, "5p": -0.798503, "5s": -1.334934, "6s": -0.125796}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.06, "Boiling point": "3373 K", "Brinell hardness": "265 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "32 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6800 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "64.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>4</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.43, "3": 1.123}, "Liquid range": "2076 K", "Melting point": "1297 K", "Mendeleev no": 30, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "20.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Neodymium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "16 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.43, "ionic_radius": 1.29}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.49, "ionic_radius": 1.35}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.123, "ionic_radius": 0.983}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.249, "ionic_radius": 1.109}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.303, "ionic_radius": 1.163}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.41, "ionic_radius": 1.27}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.39, "Velocity of sound": "2330 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "343 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.14, "Youngs modulus": "41 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.821, "iupac_ordering": 44, "IUPAC ordering": 44, "Ground level": "5I4", "Ionization energies": [5.525, 10.783, 22.09, 40.6, 60.0, 84.0, 99.0, 114.0, 136.0, 152.0, 168.0, 195.0, 221.0, 243.0, 389.0, 420.0, 453.0, 489.0, 522.0, 562.0, 602.0, 638.0, 678.0, 714.0, 859.0, 896.0, 939.0, 978.0, 1049.0, 1092.0, 1191.0, 1238.42, 2134.0, 2224.0, 2321.0, 2425.0, 2525.0, 2627.0, 2758.0, 2861.0, 2974.0, 3078.0, 3371.0, 3465.0, 3567.0, 3662.0, 3891.0, 3997.0, 4198.0, 4302.0, 9742.0, 10002.0, 10288.0, 10555.0, 11384.0, 11694.0, 12082.0, 12341.66, 50339.59, 51515.58], "Electron affinity": 0.0974933}, "Ne": {"Atomic mass": 20.1797, "Atomic no": 10, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -30.305855, "2p": -0.498034, "2s": -1.322809}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.38, "Boiling point": "27.07 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "44.4 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>6</sup>", "Liquid range": "2.51 K", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Melting point": "24.56 K", "Mendeleev no": 2, "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "13.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Neon", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000067", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0491 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.54, "Velocity of sound": "936 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Ne-21": 101.55}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 4, "IUPAC ordering": 4, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [21.564541, 40.96297, 63.4233, 97.19, 126.247, 157.934, 207.271, 239.097, 1195.80784, 1362.19916], "Electron affinity": -1.22}, "Ni": {"Atomic mass": 58.6934, "Atomic no": 28, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -297.870824, "2p": -30.868027, "2s": -35.312112, "3d": -0.348699, "3p": -2.594158, "3s": -3.950717, "4s": -0.210764}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.49, "Boiling point": "3186 K", "Brinell hardness": "700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8908 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "7.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>8</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.74}, "Ionic radii hs": {"3": 0.74}, "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.83, "3": 0.7, "4": 0.62}, "Liquid range": "1458 K", "Melting point": "1728 K", "Mendeleev no": 67, "Mineral hardness": "4.0", "Molar volume": "6.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Nickel", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Reflectivity": "72 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "76 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}, "IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.63, "ionic_radius": 0.49}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.77, "ionic_radius": 0.63}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}}, "3": {"VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.7, "ionic_radius": 0.56}, "High Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}}, "4": {"VI": {"Low Spin": {"crystal_radius": 0.62, "ionic_radius": 0.48}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "91 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.97, "Velocity of sound": "4970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "638 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.91, "Youngs modulus": "200 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Ni-61": 162.15}, "Metallic radius": 1.246, "iupac_ordering": 70, "IUPAC ordering": 70, "Ground level": "3F4", "Ionization energies": [7.639878, 18.168838, 35.187, 54.92, 76.06, 108.0, 132.0, 162.0, 193.2, 224.7, 319.5, 351.6, 384.5, 429.3, 462.8, 495.4, 571.07, 607.02, 1541.0, 1646.0, 1758.0, 1880.0, 2008.1, 2130.5, 2295.6, 2399.259, 10288.8862, 10775.386], "Electron affinity": 1.1571612}, "No": {"Atomic mass": 259.0, "Atomic no": 102, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>14</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "about 1100 K", "Mendeleev no": 35, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Nobelium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.24, "ionic_radius": 1.1}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.46, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 19, "IUPAC ordering": 19, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [6.62621, 12.93, 25.8, 41.5, 60.0, 74.0, 97.0, 119.0, 140.0, 170.0, 187.0, 216.0, 246.0, 267.0, 285.0, 312.0, 341.0, 367.0, 394.0, 422.0, 448.0, 475.0, 496.0, 520.0, 701.0, 734.0, 768.0, 805.0, 840.0, 875.0, 934.0, 969.0, 1010.0, 1045.0, 1220.0, 1260.0, 1300.0, 1350.0, 1500.0, 1550.0, 1680.0, 1730.0, 1920.0, 2010.0, 2110.0, 2200.0, 2290.0, 2380.0, 2470.0, 2570.0, 2680.0, 2760.0, 2860.0, 2950.0, 3050.0, 3140.0, 3627.0, 3705.0, 3790.0, 3878.0, 3962.0, 4045.0, 4234.0, 4320.0, 4413.0, 4500.0, 4850.0, 4930.0, 5030.0, 5110.0, 5750.0, 5850.0, 6110.0, 6210.0, 9680.0, 9860.0, 10060.0, 10270.0, 10470.0, 10660.0, 11200.0, 11410.0, 11630.0, 11840.0, 12420.0, 12600.0, 12800.0, 12980.0, 15000.0, 15200.0, 15600.0, 15800.0, 31700.0, 32200.0, 32700.0, 33200.0, 40500.0, 41200.0, 42100.0, 42632.0, null, 168806.0], "Electron affinity": -2.33}, "Np": {"Atomic mass": 237.0, "Atomic no": 93, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "4273 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "20450 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "120 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>4</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.24, "3": 1.15, "4": 1.01, "5": 0.89, "6": 0.86, "7": 0.85}, "Liquid range": "3363 K", "Melting point": "910 K", "Mendeleev no": 44, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Neptunium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.24, "ionic_radius": 1.1}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.15, "ionic_radius": 1.01}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.01, "ionic_radius": 0.87}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.12, "ionic_radius": 0.98}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.89, "ionic_radius": 0.75}}}, "6": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}}, "7": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.85, "ionic_radius": 0.71}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "6 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.39, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.36, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.503, "iupac_ordering": 28, "IUPAC ordering": 28, "Ground level": "6L11/2", "Ionization energies": [6.26554, 11.5, 19.7, 33.8, 48.0, 65.0, 92.0, 107.0, 121.0, 136.0, 151.0, 179.0, 196.0, 233.0, 252.0, 355.0, 382.0, 408.0, 438.0, 466.0, 495.0, 535.0, 565.0, 596.0, 626.0, 770.0, 810.0, 850.0, 880.0, 980.0, 1020.0, 1130.0, 1170.0, 1280.0, 1360.0, 1430.0, 1510.0, 1590.0, 1670.0, 1740.0, 1820.0, 1910.0, 1990.0, 2070.0, 2140.0, 2230.0, 2310.0, 2675.0, 2745.0, 2817.0, 2894.0, 2969.0, 3041.0, 3181.0, 3255.0, 3338.0, 3413.0, 3718.0, 3792.0, 3872.0, 3947.0, 4353.0, 4441.0, 4658.0, 4744.0, 7610.0, 7770.0, 7950.0, 8130.0, 8310.0, 8480.0, 8890.0, 9070.0, 9270.0, 9450.0, 9970.0, 10130.0, 10300.0, 10470.0, 11730.0, 11930.0, 12320.0, 12500.0, 25870.0, 26300.0, 26770.0, 27210.0, 31910.0, 32500.0, 33300.0, 33722.2, 132901.8, 135202.0], "Electron affinity": 0.48}, "O": {"Atomic mass": 15.9994, "Atomic no": 8, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -18.758245, "2p": -0.338381, "2s": -0.871362}, "Atomic radius": 0.6, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.48, "Boiling point": "90.2 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-2], "Critical temperature": "154.6 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>4</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-2], "Ionic radii": {"-2": 1.26}, "Liquid range": "35.4 K", "Melting point": "54.8 K", "Mendeleev no": 101, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.36 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Oxygen", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000271 (gas; liquid 1.221)(no units)", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-2": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.21, "ionic_radius": 1.35}}, "III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.22, "ionic_radius": 1.36}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.24, "ionic_radius": 1.38}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.26, "ionic_radius": 1.4}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.28, "ionic_radius": 1.42}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.02658 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.52, "Velocity of sound": "317.5 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 3.44, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"O-17": -25.58}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 97, "IUPAC ordering": 97, "Ground level": "3P2", "Ionization energies": [13.618055, 35.12112, 54.93554, 77.4135, 113.899, 138.1189, 739.32683, 871.409883], "Electron affinity": 1.4611053}, "Os": {"Atomic mass": 190.23, "Atomic no": 76, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2475.238617, "2p": -393.15408, "2s": -409.522396, "3d": -72.497183, "3p": -86.837047, "3s": -94.501324, "4d": -10.176082, "4f": -2.321175, "4p": -16.119671, "4s": -19.362527, "5d": -0.296791, "5p": -1.757404, "5s": -2.738293, "6s": -0.191489}, "Atomic radius": 1.3, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.85, "Boiling point": "5285 K", "Brinell hardness": "3920 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "22610 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "8.1 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>6</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.77, "5": 0.715, "6": 0.685, "7": 0.665, "8": 0.53}, "Liquid range": "1979 K", "Melting point": "3306 K", "Mendeleev no": 63, "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Molar volume": "8.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Osmium", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "222 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.77, "ionic_radius": 0.63}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.715, "ionic_radius": 0.575}}}, "6": {"V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.63, "ionic_radius": 0.49}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.685, "ionic_radius": 0.545}}}, "7": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.665, "ionic_radius": 0.525}}}, "8": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.53, "ionic_radius": 0.39}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.66 K", "Thermal conductivity": "88 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.16, "Velocity of sound": "4940 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.352, "iupac_ordering": 62, "IUPAC ordering": 62, "Ground level": "5D4", "Ionization energies": [8.43823, 17.0, 25.0, 41.0, 55.0, 70.1, 85.1, 102.02, 168.7, 190.0, 213.0, 235.0, 269.0, 298.0, 322.0, 367.0, 410.0, 436.0, 470.0, 520.0, 570.0, 620.0, 670.0, 720.0, 770.0, 820.0, 870.0, 920.0, 970.0, 1015.0, 1262.0, 1311.0, 1364.0, 1420.0, 1474.0, 1528.0, 1606.0, 1660.0, 1720.0, 1776.0, 1996.0, 2052.0, 2112.0, 2168.0, 2336.0, 2400.0, 2552.0, 2615.5, 4374.0, 4501.0, 4635.0, 4779.0, 4917.0, 5052.0, 5280.0, 5421.0, 5575.0, 5717.0, 6115.0, 6240.0, 6376.0, 6503.0, 7039.0, 7185.0, 7468.0, 7610.0, 16560.0, 16900.0, 17270.0, 17620.0, 19600.0, 20030.0, 20570.0, 20920.6, 83976.21, 85614.4], "Electron affinity": 1.0778013}, "P": {"Atomic mass": 30.973762, "Atomic no": 15, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -76.061897, "2p": -4.576617, "2s": -6.329346, "3p": -0.20608, "3s": -0.512364}, "Atomic radius": 1.0, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.98, "Boiling point": "550 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "11 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Critical temperature": "994 K", "Density of solid": "1823 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 10 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>3</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, -2, -3, -1], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.58, "5": 0.52}, "Liquid range": "232.7 K", "Melting point": "(white P) 317.3 K", "Mendeleev no": 90, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Phosphorus", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.001212", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.58, "ionic_radius": 0.44}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.31, "ionic_radius": 0.17}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.43, "ionic_radius": 0.29}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.52, "ionic_radius": 0.38}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.236 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.8, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.19, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 90, "IUPAC ordering": 90, "Ground level": "4S\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [10.486686, 19.76949, 30.20264, 51.44387, 65.02511, 220.43, 263.57, 309.6, 372.31, 424.4, 479.44, 560.62, 611.741, 2816.90879, 3069.8416], "Electron affinity": 0.7466071}, "Pa": {"Atomic mass": 231.03588, "Atomic no": 91, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3606.333629, "2p": -603.470278, "2s": -623.870431, "3d": -127.781168, "3p": -146.485678, "3s": -156.466742, "4d": -25.933121, "4f": -14.105747, "4p": -34.48293, "4s": -39.064507, "5d": -3.659928, "5f": -0.316813, "5p": -6.709821, "5s": -8.463463, "6d": -0.142481, "6p": -0.799756, "6s": -1.287232, "7s": -0.129653}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "15370 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "18 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>2</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.16, "4": 1.04, "5": 0.92}, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Melting point": "1841 K", "Mendeleev no": 46, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "15.18 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Protactinium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.18, "ionic_radius": 1.04}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.04, "ionic_radius": 0.9}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.15, "ionic_radius": 1.01}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.92, "ionic_radius": 0.78}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.05, "ionic_radius": 0.91}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.4 K", "Thermal conductivity": "47 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.1, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.5, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.642, "iupac_ordering": 30, "IUPAC ordering": 30, "Ground level": "4K11/2", "Ionization energies": [5.89, 11.9, 18.6, 30.9, 44.3, 72.0, 85.1, 98.9, 111.0, 137.0, 153.0, 187.0, 203.0, 292.0, 316.0, 342.0, 369.0, 395.0, 423.0, 460.0, 488.0, 518.0, 546.0, 690.0, 720.0, 760.0, 790.0, 880.0, 920.0, 1020.0, 1060.0, 1150.0, 1220.0, 1300.0, 1370.0, 1450.0, 1520.0, 1600.0, 1670.0, 1760.0, 1830.0, 1910.0, 1980.0, 2060.0, 2130.0, 2483.0, 2550.0, 2620.0, 2696.0, 2766.0, 2837.0, 2968.0, 3040.0, 3119.0, 3193.0, 3488.0, 3558.0, 3637.0, 3709.0, 4077.0, 4161.0, 4370.0, 4454.0, 7181.0, 7341.0, 7510.0, 7690.0, 7870.0, 8040.0, 8410.0, 8590.0, 8780.0, 8960.0, 9460.0, 9620.0, 9790.0, 9950.0, 11100.0, 11290.0, 11660.0, 11840.0, 24660.0, 25080.0, 25540.0, 25970.0, 30230.0, 30800.0, 31520.0, 31971.6, 126296.6, 128507.1], "Electron affinity": 0.55}, "Pb": {"Atomic mass": 207.2, "Atomic no": 82, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2901.078061, "2p": -470.877785, "2s": -488.843335, "3d": -91.889924, "3p": -107.950391, "3s": -116.526852, "4d": -15.030026, "4f": -5.592532, "4p": -21.990564, "4s": -25.75333, "5d": -0.902393, "5p": -2.941657, "5s": -4.206797, "6p": -0.141831, "6s": -0.357187}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.54, "Boiling point": "2022 K", "Brinell hardness": "38.3 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "46 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "28.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "11340 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "21 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 4], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.33, "4": 0.915}, "Liquid range": "1421.39 K", "Melting point": "600.61 K", "Mendeleev no": 82, "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Molar volume": "18.26 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Lead", "Oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.44", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "5.6 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IVPY": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.12, "ionic_radius": 0.98}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.33, "ionic_radius": 1.19}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.37, "ionic_radius": 1.23}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.43, "ionic_radius": 1.29}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.49, "ionic_radius": 1.35}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.54, "ionic_radius": 1.4}}, "XI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.59, "ionic_radius": 1.45}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.63, "ionic_radius": 1.49}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.79, "ionic_radius": 0.65}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.915, "ionic_radius": 0.775}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.08, "ionic_radius": 0.94}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "7.2 K", "Thermal conductivity": "35 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Velocity of sound": "1260 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.33, "Youngs modulus": "16 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.75, "iupac_ordering": 82, "IUPAC ordering": 82, "Ground level": "1/2,1/2)0", "Ionization energies": [7.4166799, 15.032499, 31.9373, 42.33256, 68.8, 82.9, 100.1, 120.0, 138.0, 158.0, 182.0, 203.0, 224.0, 245.1, 338.1, 374.0, 401.0, 427.0, 478.0, 507.0, 570.0, 610.0, 650.0, 690.0, 750.0, 810.0, 870.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1050.0, 1120.0, 1180.0, 1240.0, 1300.0, 1360.0, 1430.0, 1704.0, 1760.0, 1819.0, 1884.0, 1945.0, 2004.0, 2101.0, 2163.0, 2230.0, 2292.0, 2543.0, 2605.0, 2671.0, 2735.0, 2965.0, 3036.0, 3211.0, 3282.1, 5414.0, 5555.0, 5703.0, 5862.0, 6015.0, 6162.0, 6442.0, 6597.0, 6767.0, 6924.0, 7362.0, 7500.0, 7650.0, 7790.0, 8520.0, 8680.0, 9000.0, 9150.0, 19590.0, 19970.0, 20380.0, 20750.0, 23460.0, 23940.0, 24550.0, 24938.2, 99491.85, 101336.4], "Electron affinity": 0.3567212}, "Pd": {"Atomic mass": 106.42, "Atomic no": 46, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -860.134909, "2p": -114.408286, "2s": -123.105078, "3d": -12.132197, "3p": -18.580798, "3s": -22.060898, "4d": -0.160771, "4p": -1.815215, "4s": -2.889173}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.69, "Boiling point": "3236 K", "Brinell hardness": "37.3 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "12023 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "10.8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 4], "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.73, "2": 1.0, "3": 0.9, "4": 0.755}, "Liquid range": "1407.95 K", "Melting point": "1828.05 K", "Mendeleev no": 69, "Mineral hardness": "4.75", "Molar volume": "8.56 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Palladium", "Oxidation states": [2, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.39", "Reflectivity": "72 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "44 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.73, "ionic_radius": 0.59}}}, "2": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.78, "ionic_radius": 0.64}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.0, "ionic_radius": 0.86}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.755, "ionic_radius": 0.615}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "72 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.1, "Velocity of sound": "3070 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "461 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "121 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.376, "iupac_ordering": 69, "IUPAC ordering": 69, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [8.336839, 19.43, 32.93, 46.0, 61.0, 84.1, 101.0, 120.0, 141.0, 159.9, 238.57, 260.0, 286.0, 311.0, 342.0, 369.1, 427.0, 457.5, 810.0, 869.0, 933.0, 1000.0, 1065.0, 1145.0, 1218.0, 1290.0, 1366.0, 1438.0, 1644.0, 1706.2, 1781.3, 1869.0, 1962.0, 2016.0, 2181.0, 2248.87, 5284.0, 5475.0, 5683.0, 5880.0, 6242.0, 6469.0, 6759.0, 6943.097, 28776.034, 29622.6], "Electron affinity": 0.5621412}, "Pm": {"Atomic mass": 145.0, "Atomic no": 61, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1562.980284, "2p": -233.455114, "2s": -245.970548, "3d": -37.625433, "3p": -47.921132, "3s": -53.429311, "4d": -4.596822, "4f": -0.200159, "4p": -8.320495, "4s": -10.422756, "5p": -0.817702, "5s": -1.372265, "6s": -0.127053}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.05, "Boiling point": "3273 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "33 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7264 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 75 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>5</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.11}, "Liquid range": "1900 K", "Melting point": "1373 K", "Mendeleev no": 29, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "20.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Promethium", "Oxidation states": [3], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "18 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.233, "ionic_radius": 1.093}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.284, "ionic_radius": 1.144}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "15 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.38, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.13, "Youngs modulus": "46 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.811, "iupac_ordering": 43, "IUPAC ordering": 43, "Ground level": "6H\u00b05/2", "Ionization energies": [5.58187, 10.938, 22.44, 41.17, 61.7, 85.0, 101.0, 116.0, 138.0, 155.0, 174.0, 202.0, 229.0, 248.0, 269.0, 430.0, 462.0, 497.0, 534.0, 569.0, 609.0, 651.0, 689.0, 730.0, 767.0, 916.0, 956.0, 998.0, 1040.0, 1113.0, 1158.0, 1261.0, 1308.7, 2251.0, 2344.0, 2443.0, 2549.0, 2652.0, 2755.0, 2892.0, 2997.0, 3112.0, 3219.0, 3519.0, 3613.0, 3718.0, 3816.0, 4056.0, 4166.0, 4371.0, 4476.0, 10115.0, 10378.0, 10671.0, 10942.0, 11819.0, 12136.0, 12532.0, 12797.26, 52144.29, 53346.1], "Electron affinity": 0.129}, "Po": {"Atomic mass": 210.0, "Atomic no": 84, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3050.988417, "2p": -498.77192, "2s": -517.275843, "3d": -99.256068, "3p": -115.898384, "3s": -124.783683, "4d": -17.173307, "4f": -7.206499, "4p": -24.481337, "4s": -28.42254, "5d": -1.386458, "5p": -3.655382, "5s": -5.027447, "6p": -0.217889, "6s": -0.493528}, "Atomic radius": 1.9, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.35, "Boiling point": "1235 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "9196 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>4</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"4": 1.08, "6": 0.81}, "Liquid range": "708 K", "Melting point": "527 K", "Mendeleev no": 91, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "22.97 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Polonium", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.08, "ionic_radius": 0.94}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.22, "ionic_radius": 1.08}}}, "6": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "20 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.97, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.0, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.53, "iupac_ordering": 93, "IUPAC ordering": 93, "Ground level": "3P2", "Ionization energies": [8.41807, 19.3, 27.3, 36.0, 57.0, 69.1, 108.0, 125.0, 146.1, 166.0, 186.0, 209.0, 235.0, 257.0, 281.0, 304.0, 416.0, 444.0, 473.0, 502.0, 560.0, 590.0, 670.0, 700.0, 740.0, 800.0, 870.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1060.0, 1120.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1320.0, 1380.0, 1440.0, 1510.0, 1570.0, 1865.0, 1923.0, 1986.0, 2052.0, 2115.0, 2177.0, 2281.0, 2345.0, 2414.0, 2480.0, 2740.0, 2803.0, 2873.0, 2938.0, 3194.0, 3268.0, 3450.0, 3524.2, 5785.0, 5930.0, 6084.0, 6248.0, 6405.0, 6557.0, 6856.0, 7015.0, 7191.0, 7350.0, 7810.0, 7950.0, 8100.0, 8240.0, 9050.0, 9220.0, 9550.0, 9710.0, 20670.0, 21050.0, 21470.0, 21860.0, 24860.0, 25360.0, 25990.0, 26390.4, 105064.3, 106982.7], "Electron affinity": 1.407}, "Pr": {"Atomic mass": 140.90765, "Atomic no": 59, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1457.338067, "2p": -215.418313, "2s": -227.426363, "3d": -33.913996, "3p": -43.692548, "3s": -48.924994, "4d": -4.154228, "4f": -0.155138, "4p": -7.613108, "4s": -9.577447, "5p": -0.778046, "5s": -1.296106, "6s": -0.124465}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.47, "Boiling point": "3563 K", "Brinell hardness": "481 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "29 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6640 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "70 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>3</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.13, "4": 0.99}, "Liquid range": "2355 K", "Melting point": "1208 K", "Mendeleev no": 31, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "20.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Praseodymium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "15 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.13, "ionic_radius": 0.99}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.266, "ionic_radius": 1.126}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.319, "ionic_radius": 1.179}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.99, "ionic_radius": 0.85}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.4, "Velocity of sound": "2280 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.13, "Youngs modulus": "37 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.828, "iupac_ordering": 45, "IUPAC ordering": 45, "Ground level": "4I\u00b09/2", "Ionization energies": [5.4702, 10.631, 21.6237, 38.981, 57.53, 82.0, 97.0, 112.0, 131.0, 148.0, 162.0, 196.0, 217.02, 350.0, 378.0, 412.0, 445.0, 478.0, 516.0, 554.0, 590.0, 627.0, 663.0, 803.0, 840.0, 880.0, 920.0, 985.0, 1028.0, 1124.0, 1169.9, 2019.0, 2108.0, 2202.0, 2304.0, 2400.0, 2501.0, 2628.0, 2729.0, 2838.0, 2941.0, 3227.0, 3319.0, 3419.0, 3512.0, 3729.0, 3832.0, 4030.0, 4130.0, 9378.0, 9632.0, 9913.0, 10175.0, 10959.0, 11262.0, 11641.0, 11895.89, 48571.71, 49722.25], "Electron affinity": 0.1092346}, "Pt": {"Atomic mass": 195.084, "Atomic no": 78, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2613.096532, "2p": -417.96053, "2s": -434.858003, "3d": -78.400271, "3p": -93.309108, "3s": -101.274869, "4d": -11.419476, "4f": -3.038049, "4p": -17.697297, "4s": -21.110651, "5d": -0.273634, "5p": -1.884256, "5s": -2.950526, "6s": -0.161308}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.77, "Boiling point": "4098 K", "Brinell hardness": "392 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "230 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "21090 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "10.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>9</sup>.6s<sup>1</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.94, "4": 0.765, "5": 0.71}, "Liquid range": "2056.6 K", "Melting point": "2041.4 K", "Mendeleev no": 68, "Mineral hardness": "3.5", "Molar volume": "9.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Platinum", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.38", "Reflectivity": "73 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "61 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IVSQ": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.94, "ionic_radius": 0.8}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.765, "ionic_radius": 0.625}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.71, "ionic_radius": 0.57}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "72 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.13, "Velocity of sound": "2680 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "549 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.28, "Youngs modulus": "168 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.387, "iupac_ordering": 68, "IUPAC ordering": 68, "Ground level": "3D3", "Ionization energies": [8.95883, 18.56, 29.0, 43.0, 56.0, 75.0, 91.0, 109.0, 126.0, 144.9, 220.4, 245.0, 269.0, 293.0, 332.0, 358.0, 392.0, 445.0, 479.0, 507.0, 550.0, 610.0, 660.0, 710.0, 760.0, 820.0, 870.0, 930.0, 980.0, 1040.0, 1090.0, 1140.0, 1402.0, 1454.0, 1509.0, 1567.0, 1624.0, 1680.0, 1763.0, 1821.0, 1883.0, 1941.0, 2171.0, 2228.0, 2291.0, 2350.0, 2536.0, 2603.0, 2762.0, 2827.8, 4715.0, 4839.0, 4980.0, 5128.0, 5270.0, 5410.0, 5654.0, 5800.0, 5959.0, 6106.0, 6517.0, 6646.0, 6787.0, 6918.0, 7512.0, 7660.0, 7960.0, 8100.0, 17540.0, 17890.0, 18280.0, 18630.0, 20840.0, 21280.0, 21840.0, 22205.7, 88955.18, 90659.7], "Electron affinity": 2.125105}, "Pu": {"Atomic mass": 244.0, "Atomic no": 94, "Atomic orbitals": "no data", "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "3503 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "19816 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "150 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>6</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.14, "4": 1.0, "5": 0.88, "6": 0.85}, "Liquid range": "2590.5 K", "Melting point": "912.5 K", "Mendeleev no": 43, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "12.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Plutonium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "43 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.0, "ionic_radius": 0.86}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.88, "ionic_radius": 0.74}}}, "6": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.85, "ionic_radius": 0.71}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "6 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.43, "Velocity of sound": "2260 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.28, "Youngs modulus": "96 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.523, "iupac_ordering": 27, "IUPAC ordering": 27, "Ground level": "7F0", "Ionization energies": [6.02576, 11.5, 21.1, 35.0, 49.0, 80.0, 95.0, 109.0, 124.0, 139.0, 159.0, 179.0, 200.0, 219.0, 258.0, 278.0, 389.0, 416.0, 444.0, 474.0, 503.0, 532.0, 575.0, 605.0, 637.0, 668.0, 820.0, 850.0, 890.0, 930.0, 1030.0, 1070.0, 1180.0, 1220.0, 1340.0, 1420.0, 1500.0, 1580.0, 1660.0, 1740.0, 1820.0, 1890.0, 1990.0, 2070.0, 2150.0, 2230.0, 2310.0, 2390.0, 2774.0, 2844.0, 2918.0, 2997.0, 3072.0, 3146.0, 3290.0, 3366.0, 3449.0, 3527.0, 3836.0, 3911.0, 3993.0, 4068.0, 4496.0, 4585.0, 4807.0, 4890.0, 7830.0, 7990.0, 8170.0, 8360.0, 8540.0, 8710.0, 9130.0, 9310.0, 9520.0, 9700.0, 10230.0, 10390.0, 10570.0, 10730.0, 12060.0, 12260.0, 12660.0, 12840.0, 26480.0, 26920.0, 27400.0, 27840.0, 32800.0, 33400.0, 34100.0, 34625.8, 136299.2, 138646.0], "Electron affinity": -0.5}, "Ra": {"Atomic mass": 226.0, "Atomic no": 88, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3362.736563, "2p": -557.513214, "2s": -577.101208, "3d": -115.306476, "3p": -133.12325, "3s": -142.632426, "4d": -22.208125, "4f": -11.181066, "4p": -30.221208, "4s": -34.525628, "5d": -2.819853, "5p": -5.547203, "5s": -7.139137, "6p": -0.634674, "6s": -1.05135, "7s": -0.113732}, "Atomic radius": 2.15, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "2010 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "5000 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "100 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].7s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.62}, "Liquid range": "1037 K", "Melting point": "973 K", "Mendeleev no": 13, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "41.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Radium", "Oxidation states": [2], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.62, "ionic_radius": 1.48}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.84, "ionic_radius": 1.7}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "19 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.83, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.9, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Ra-223": 1210.3}, "Metallic radius": 2.293, "iupac_ordering": 12, "IUPAC ordering": 12, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [5.2784239, 10.14718, 31.0, 41.0, 52.9, 64.0, 82.0, 97.0, 124.0, 140.0, 204.9, 227.0, 250.0, 274.0, 299.0, 324.0, 356.0, 382.0, 409.0, 435.0, 570.0, 600.0, 630.0, 660.0, 740.0, 770.0, 860.0, 900.0, 970.0, 1040.0, 1110.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1320.0, 1390.0, 1460.0, 1530.0, 1610.0, 1680.0, 1750.0, 1820.0, 1880.0, 2208.0, 2271.0, 2338.0, 2409.0, 2477.0, 2544.0, 2662.0, 2731.0, 2806.0, 2876.0, 3155.0, 3224.0, 3298.0, 3368.0, 3682.0, 3762.0, 3959.0, 4040.0, 6565.0, 6718.0, 6881.0, 7056.0, 7222.0, 7380.0, 7720.0, 7890.0, 8080.0, 8250.0, 8730.0, 8880.0, 9040.0, 9200.0, 10190.0, 10360.0, 10720.0, 10890.0, 22900.0, 23300.0, 23750.0, 24160.0, 27830.0, 28370.0, 29050.0, 29479.8, 116848.7, 118931.3], "Electron affinity": 0.1}, "Rb": {"Atomic mass": 85.4678, "Atomic no": 37, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -540.957115, "2p": -64.784678, "2s": -71.291202, "3d": -3.915508, "3p": -8.165416, "3s": -10.513861, "4p": -0.59217, "4s": -1.135051, "5s": -0.085375}, "Atomic radius": 2.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.65, "Boiling point": "961 K", "Brinell hardness": "0.216 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "2.5 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Critical temperature": "2093 K", "Density of solid": "1532 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "13.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.66}, "Liquid range": "648.54 K", "Melting point": "312.46 K", "Mendeleev no": 9, "Mineral hardness": "0.3", "Molar volume": "55.76 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Rubidium", "Oxidation states": [1], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.66, "ionic_radius": 1.52}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.7, "ionic_radius": 1.56}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.75, "ionic_radius": 1.61}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.77, "ionic_radius": 1.63}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.8, "ionic_radius": 1.66}}, "XI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.83, "ionic_radius": 1.69}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.86, "ionic_radius": 1.72}}, "XIV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.97, "ionic_radius": 1.83}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "58 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.03, "Velocity of sound": "1300 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.82, "Youngs modulus": "2.4 GPa", "Metallic radius": 2.537, "iupac_ordering": 8, "IUPAC ordering": 8, "Ground level": "2S1/2", "Ionization energies": [4.1771281, 27.28954, 39.247, 52.2, 68.44, 82.9, 98.67, 132.79, 150.628, 277.12, 313.1, 356.0, 400.0, 443.0, 502.0, 550.0, 601.0, 654.0, 706.0, 857.0, 905.3, 958.9, 1024.0, 1080.0, 1125.0, 1242.5, 1294.57, 3133.3, 3281.0, 3443.0, 3600.0, 3815.0, 3988.0, 4214.0, 4356.865, 18305.884, 18965.516], "Electron affinity": 0.48591621}, "Re": {"Atomic mass": 186.207, "Atomic no": 75, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2407.665572, "2p": -380.982869, "2s": -397.087707, "3d": -69.57676, "3p": -83.634578, "3s": -91.149193, "4d": -9.516816, "4f": -1.92508, "4p": -15.295495, "4s": -18.454325, "5d": -0.258639, "5p": -1.631227, "5s": -2.567348, "6s": -0.186859}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.88, "Boiling point": "5869 K", "Brinell hardness": "1320 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "370 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "21020 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "18 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>5</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.77, "5": 0.72, "6": 0.69, "7": 0.67}, "Liquid range": "2410 K", "Melting point": "3459 K", "Mendeleev no": 58, "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Molar volume": "8.86 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Rhenium", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "178 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.77, "ionic_radius": 0.63}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}}, "6": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.52, "ionic_radius": 0.38}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.70 K", "Thermal conductivity": "48 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.16, "Velocity of sound": "4700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "2450 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Youngs modulus": "463 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.375, "iupac_ordering": 59, "IUPAC ordering": 59, "Ground level": "6S5/2", "Ionization energies": [7.83352, 16.6, 27.0, 39.1, 51.9, 67.0, 82.71, 144.4, 165.0, 187.0, 208.0, 236.0, 268.0, 291.0, 330.0, 377.0, 403.0, 429.0, 476.0, 520.0, 570.0, 620.0, 670.0, 720.0, 760.0, 810.0, 860.0, 910.0, 953.0, 1194.0, 1242.0, 1294.0, 1349.0, 1402.0, 1454.0, 1530.0, 1583.0, 1641.0, 1696.0, 1912.0, 1966.0, 2025.0, 2080.0, 2240.0, 2302.0, 2450.0, 2514.5, 4214.0, 4335.0, 4468.0, 4609.0, 4745.0, 4877.0, 5099.0, 5236.0, 5388.0, 5528.0, 5919.0, 6042.0, 6176.0, 6300.0, 6810.0, 6952.0, 7230.0, 7366.0, 16080.0, 16410.0, 16780.0, 17120.0, 19000.0, 19420.0, 19950.0, 20297.4, 81556.9, 83162.3], "Electron affinity": 0.06039663}, "Rh": {"Atomic mass": 102.9055, "Atomic no": 45, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -821.136773, "2p": -108.357665, "2s": -116.80695, "3d": -11.21725, "3p": -17.415299, "3s": -20.765603, "4d": -0.239422, "4p": -1.806456, "4s": -2.825505, "5s": -0.154624}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.73, "Boiling point": "3968 K", "Brinell hardness": "1100 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "380 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "12450 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "4.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>8</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.805, "4": 0.74, "5": 0.69}, "Liquid range": "1731 K", "Melting point": "2237 K", "Mendeleev no": 65, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "8.28 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Rhodium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Reflectivity": "84 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "150 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.805, "ionic_radius": 0.665}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.1, "Velocity of sound": "4700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1246 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.28, "Youngs modulus": "275 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.345, "iupac_ordering": 66, "IUPAC ordering": 66, "Ground level": "4F9/2", "Ionization energies": [7.4589, 18.08, 31.06, 42.0, 63.0, 80.0, 97.0, 115.1, 135.0, 207.51, 228.0, 252.1, 277.0, 306.0, 331.58, 389.3, 415.97, 739.0, 794.0, 857.0, 921.0, 984.0, 1061.0, 1131.0, 1202.0, 1274.0, 1344.0, 1544.0, 1604.9, 1677.6, 1763.0, 1851.0, 1903.0, 2063.0, 2129.22, 5018.0, 5203.0, 5406.0, 5600.0, 5940.0, 6161.0, 6444.0, 6623.262, 27486.983, 28311.965], "Electron affinity": 1.142892}, "Rn": {"Atomic mass": 220.0, "Atomic no": 86, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3204.756288, "2p": -527.533025, "2s": -546.57796, "3d": -106.945006, "3p": -124.172862, "3s": -133.369144, "4d": -19.449994, "4f": -8.953318, "4p": -27.108985, "4s": -31.230804, "5d": -1.911329, "5p": -4.408702, "5s": -5.889683, "6p": -0.29318, "6s": -0.62657}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.2, "Boiling point": "211.3 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "377 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>6</sup>", "Liquid range": "9.3 K", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Melting point": "202 K", "Mendeleev no": 6, "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "50.50 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Radon", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.00361 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.2, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 0, "IUPAC ordering": 0, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [10.7485, 21.4, 29.4, 36.9, 52.9, 64.0, 88.0, 102.0, 154.0, 173.9, 195.0, 218.0, 240.0, 264.0, 293.0, 317.0, 342.0, 367.0, 488.0, 520.0, 550.0, 580.0, 640.0, 680.0, 760.0, 800.0, 850.0, 920.0, 980.0, 1050.0, 1110.0, 1180.0, 1250.0, 1310.0, 1390.0, 1460.0, 1520.0, 1590.0, 1660.0, 1720.0, 2033.0, 2094.0, 2158.0, 2227.0, 2293.0, 2357.0, 2467.0, 2535.0, 2606.0, 2674.0, 2944.0, 3010.0, 3082.0, 3149.0, 3433.0, 3510.0, 3699.0, 3777.0, 6169.0, 6318.0, 6476.0, 6646.0, 6807.0, 6964.0, 7283.0, 7450.0, 7630.0, 7800.0, 8260.0, 8410.0, 8570.0, 8710.0, 9610.0, 9780.0, 10120.0, 10290.0, 21770.0, 22160.0, 22600.0, 22990.0, 26310.0, 26830.0, 27490.0, 27903.1, 110842.0, 112843.7], "Electron affinity": -0.72}, "Ru": {"Atomic mass": 101.07, "Atomic no": 44, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -782.918621, "2p": -102.333649, "2s": -110.536054, "3d": -10.195668, "3p": -16.145217, "3s": -19.366692, "4d": -0.210375, "4p": -1.667549, "4s": -2.628363, "5s": -0.152834}, "Atomic radius": 1.3, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.78, "Boiling point": "4423 K", "Brinell hardness": "2160 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "220 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "12370 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "7.1 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>7</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.82, "4": 0.76, "5": 0.705, "7": 0.52, "8": 0.5}, "Liquid range": "1816 K", "Melting point": "2607 K", "Mendeleev no": 62, "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Molar volume": "8.17 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Ruthenium", "Oxidation states": [-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "173 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.705, "ionic_radius": 0.565}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.52, "ionic_radius": 0.38}}}, "8": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.5, "ionic_radius": 0.36}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.49 K", "Thermal conductivity": "120 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.13, "Velocity of sound": "5970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Youngs modulus": "447 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.339, "iupac_ordering": 63, "IUPAC ordering": 63, "Ground level": "5F5", "Ionization energies": [7.3605, 16.76, 28.47, 45.0, 59.0, 76.0, 93.0, 110.0, 178.41, 198.0, 219.9, 245.0, 271.0, 295.9, 348.0, 376.25, 670.0, 723.0, 784.0, 845.0, 905.0, 981.0, 1048.0, 1115.0, 1187.0, 1253.0, 1447.0, 1506.7, 1577.0, 1659.0, 1743.0, 1794.0, 1949.0, 2013.04, 4758.0, 4939.0, 5136.0, 5330.0, 5647.0, 5861.0, 6137.0, 6311.721, 26229.895, 27033.502], "Electron affinity": 1.0463825}, "S": {"Atomic mass": 32.065, "Atomic no": 16, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -87.789937, "2p": -5.751257, "2s": -7.69994, "3p": -0.261676, "3s": -0.630912}, "Atomic radius": 1.0, "Atomic radius calculated": 0.88, "Boiling point": "717.87 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "7.7 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Critical temperature": "1314 K", "Density of solid": "1960 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>23</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>4</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-1, 2, 4, -2, 6], "Ionic radii": {"-2": 1.7, "4": 0.51, "6": 0.43}, "Liquid range": "329.51 K", "Melting point": "388.36 K", "Mendeleev no": 94, "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Molar volume": "15.53 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Sulfur", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.001111", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.7, "ionic_radius": 1.84}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.51, "ionic_radius": 0.37}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.26, "ionic_radius": 0.12}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.43, "ionic_radius": 0.29}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.205 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.8, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.58, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"S-33": -67.8, "S-35": 47.1}, "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 96, "IUPAC ordering": 96, "Ground level": "3P2", "Ionization energies": [10.36001, 23.33788, 34.86, 47.222, 72.5945, 88.0529, 280.954, 328.794, 379.84, 447.7, 504.55, 564.41, 651.96, 706.994, 3223.7807, 3494.1879], "Electron affinity": 2.077104512}, "Sb": {"Atomic mass": 121.76, "Atomic no": 51, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1070.823495, "2p": -149.214271, "2s": -159.171745, "3d": -19.239895, "3p": -26.956184, "3s": -31.098242, "4d": -1.297338, "4p": -3.646579, "4s": -5.04964, "5p": -0.185623, "5s": -0.445605}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.33, "Boiling point": "1860 K", "Brinell hardness": "294 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "42 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6697 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>3</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-2, 3, 5, -1, -3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.9, "5": 0.76}, "Liquid range": "956.22 K", "Melting point": "903.78 K", "Mendeleev no": 88, "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Molar volume": "18.19 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Antimony", "Oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "55 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"IVPY": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.94, "ionic_radius": 0.8}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "24 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.06, "Velocity of sound": "3420 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.05, "Youngs modulus": "55 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Sb-121": -543.11, "Sb-123": -692.14}, "Metallic radius": 1.61, "iupac_ordering": 88, "IUPAC ordering": 88, "Ground level": "4S\u00b03/2", "Ionization energies": [8.608389, 16.626, 25.3235, 43.804, 55.0, 99.51, 117.0, 139.0, 162.0, 185.0, 214.0, 238.0, 265.0, 292.0, 317.0, 420.0, 447.0, 479.0, 510.0, 552.0, 584.0, 657.0, 693.26, 1214.0, 1285.0, 1360.0, 1441.0, 1518.0, 1606.0, 1698.0, 1781.0, 1869.0, 1954.0, 2190.0, 2266.0, 2349.0, 2428.0, 2567.0, 2654.0, 2815.0, 2900.0, 6714.0, 6929.0, 7167.0, 7390.0, 7887.0, 8140.0, 8455.0, 8669.48, 35710.028, 36668.05], "Electron affinity": 1.04740119}, "Sc": {"Atomic mass": 44.955912, "Atomic no": 21, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -160.184109, "2p": -14.240006, "2s": -17.206464, "3d": -0.13108, "3p": -1.233165, "3s": -1.988378, "4s": -0.156478}, "Atomic radius": 1.6, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.84, "Boiling point": "3103 K", "Brinell hardness": "750 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "57 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2985 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 55 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>1</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.885}, "Liquid range": "1289 K", "Melting point": "1814 K", "Mendeleev no": 19, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "15.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Scandium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "29 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.885, "ionic_radius": 0.745}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.01, "ionic_radius": 0.87}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.05  (under pressure)K", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.15, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.36, "Youngs modulus": "74 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Sc-45": -220.2}, "Metallic radius": 1.641, "iupac_ordering": 49, "IUPAC ordering": 49, "Ground level": "2D3/2", "Ionization energies": [6.56149, 12.79977, 24.756839, 73.4894, 91.95, 110.68, 137.99, 158.08, 180.03, 225.18, 249.798, 687.36, 757.7, 833.2, 926.5, 1008.6, 1093.5, 1213.1, 1287.957, 5674.9037, 6033.7542], "Electron affinity": 0.1882}, "Se": {"Atomic mass": 78.96, "Atomic no": 34, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -451.300258, "2p": -51.514388, "2s": -57.311948, "3d": -2.011392, "3p": -5.553517, "3s": -7.547186, "4p": -0.245806, "4s": -0.621248}, "Atomic radius": 1.15, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.03, "Boiling point": "958 K", "Brinell hardness": "736 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "8.3 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Critical temperature": "1766 K", "Density of solid": "4819 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "high 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>4</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-1, 4, -2, 6], "Ionic radii": {"-2": 1.84, "4": 0.64, "6": 0.56}, "Liquid range": "464 K", "Melting point": "494 K", "Mendeleev no": 93, "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Molar volume": "16.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Selenium", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.33", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000895", "Rigidity modulus": "3.7 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.84, "ionic_radius": 1.98}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.64, "ionic_radius": 0.5}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.42, "ionic_radius": 0.28}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.56, "ionic_radius": 0.42}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.52 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.9, "Velocity of sound": "3350 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.55, "Youngs modulus": "10 GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 95, "IUPAC ordering": 95, "Ground level": "3P2", "Ionization energies": [9.752392, 21.196, 31.697, 42.947, 68.3, 81.83, 155.327, 184.0, 219.0, 255.0, 291.0, 342.9, 383.0, 426.0, 473.0, 517.0, 650.5, 693.4, 739.8, 798.0, 845.8, 887.0, 989.6, 1036.36, 2540.7, 2674.0, 2820.0, 2964.0, 3146.0, 3301.8, 3507.0, 3636.526, 15367.491, 15968.084], "Electron affinity": 2.020604712}, "Si": {"Atomic mass": 28.0855, "Atomic no": 14, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -65.184426, "2p": -3.514938, "2s": -5.075056, "3p": -0.153293, "3s": -0.398139}, "Atomic radius": 1.1, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.11, "Boiling point": "3173 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "2.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2330 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 100000 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-4, 4], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.54}, "Liquid range": "1486 K", "Melting point": "1687 K", "Mendeleev no": 85, "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Molar volume": "12.06 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Silicon", "Oxidation states": [-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "28 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.4, "ionic_radius": 0.26}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.54, "ionic_radius": 0.4}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.1, "Velocity of sound": "2200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Youngs modulus": "47 GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 85, "IUPAC ordering": 85, "Ground level": "3P0", "Ionization energies": [8.15168, 16.34585, 33.493, 45.14179, 166.767, 205.279, 246.57, 303.59, 351.28, 401.38, 476.273, 523.415, 2437.65815, 2673.17755], "Electron affinity": 1.38952128}, "Sm": {"Atomic mass": 150.36, "Atomic no": 62, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1617.183426, "2p": -242.729726, "2s": -255.498846, "3d": -39.528656, "3p": -50.08426, "3s": -55.731133, "4d": -4.814978, "4f": -0.21776, "4p": -8.672685, "4s": -10.844667, "5p": -0.835987, "5s": -1.408552, "6s": -0.128259}, "Atomic radius": 1.85, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.38, "Boiling point": "2076 K", "Brinell hardness": "441 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "38 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7353 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "94 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>6</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.36, "3": 1.0979999999999999}, "Liquid range": "731 K", "Melting point": "1345 K", "Mendeleev no": 28, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.98 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Samarium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.27", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.36, "ionic_radius": 1.22}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.41, "ionic_radius": 1.27}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.46, "ionic_radius": 1.32}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.098, "ionic_radius": 0.958}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.02}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.219, "ionic_radius": 1.079}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.272, "ionic_radius": 1.132}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.38, "ionic_radius": 1.24}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.36, "Velocity of sound": "2130 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.17, "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.804, "iupac_ordering": 42, "IUPAC ordering": 42, "Ground level": "7F0", "Ionization energies": [5.64371, 11.078, 23.55, 41.64, 62.7, 87.0, 103.0, 118.0, 141.0, 158.0, 179.0, 208.0, 237.0, 257.0, 276.0, 306.5, 474.0, 506.0, 543.0, 581.0, 617.0, 658.0, 702.0, 742.0, 782.0, 822.0, 976.0, 1016.0, 1060.0, 1103.0, 1180.0, 1226.0, 1332.0, 1381.56, 2371.0, 2466.0, 2569.0, 2676.0, 2782.0, 2887.0, 3028.0, 3137.0, 3253.0, 3363.0, 3669.0, 3766.0, 3873.0, 3971.0, 4227.0, 4337.0, 4548.0, 4655.0, 10494.0, 10762.0, 11060.0, 11337.0, 12264.0, 12588.0, 12992.0, 13262.85, 53986.12, 55214.23], "Electron affinity": 0.162}, "Sn": {"Atomic mass": 118.71, "Atomic no": 50, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1026.762169, "2p": -141.821093, "2s": -151.523991, "3d": -17.657276, "3p": -25.117913, "3s": -29.125969, "4d": -1.004952, "4p": -3.211998, "4s": -4.546335, "5p": -0.14445, "5s": -0.369349}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Boiling point": "2875 K", "Brinell hardness": "51 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "58 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "11.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.83}, "Liquid range": "2369.92 K", "Melting point": "505.08 K", "Mendeleev no": 83, "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Molar volume": "16.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Tin", "Oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.36", "Reflectivity": "54 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "18 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.69, "ionic_radius": 0.55}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.89, "ionic_radius": 0.75}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.95, "ionic_radius": 0.81}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "3.72 K", "Thermal conductivity": "67 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.17, "Velocity of sound": "2500 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.96, "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Sn-119": -132.1}, "Metallic radius": 1.58, "iupac_ordering": 83, "IUPAC ordering": 83, "Ground level": "3P0", "Ionization energies": [7.343918, 14.63307, 30.506, 40.74, 77.03, 94.0, 112.9, 135.0, 156.0, 184.0, 208.0, 232.0, 258.0, 282.0, 379.0, 407.0, 437.0, 466.0, 506.0, 537.0, 608.0, 642.35, 1127.0, 1195.0, 1269.0, 1347.0, 1421.0, 1508.0, 1596.0, 1676.0, 1763.0, 1844.0, 2074.0, 2142.1, 2227.0, 2326.0, 2443.0, 2499.0, 2687.0, 2762.49, 6421.0, 6631.0, 6859.0, 7080.0, 7531.0, 7790.0, 8103.0, 8306.95, 34257.143, 35192.39], "Electron affinity": 1.1120702}, "Sr": {"Atomic mass": 87.62, "Atomic no": 38, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -572.870169, "2p": -69.745941, "2s": -76.491823, "3d": -4.813498, "3p": -9.301863, "3s": -11.771585, "4p": -0.844489, "4s": -1.455317, "5s": -0.131793}, "Atomic radius": 2.0, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.19, "Boiling point": "1655 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "2630 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "13.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].5s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.32}, "Liquid range": "605 K", "Melting point": "1050 K", "Mendeleev no": 15, "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Molar volume": "33.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Strontium", "Oxidation states": [2], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "6.1 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.32, "ionic_radius": 1.18}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.35, "ionic_radius": 1.21}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.4, "ionic_radius": 1.26}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.45, "ionic_radius": 1.31}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.5, "ionic_radius": 1.36}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.58, "ionic_radius": 1.44}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "35 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.49, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 0.95, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Sr-87": 305.2}, "Metallic radius": 2.151, "iupac_ordering": 14, "IUPAC ordering": 14, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [5.69486745, 11.0302765, 42.88353, 56.28, 70.7, 88.0, 104.0, 121.21, 158.33, 177.3, 324.07, 362.0, 408.0, 454.0, 499.0, 562.0, 612.0, 665.0, 722.0, 774.0, 932.0, 982.1, 1038.0, 1105.0, 1165.0, 1211.0, 1333.4, 1387.19, 3344.7, 3497.0, 3664.0, 3830.0, 4053.0, 4232.0, 4465.0, 4612.397, 19345.588, 20025.233], "Electron affinity": 0.052066}, "Ta": {"Atomic mass": 180.94788, "Atomic no": 73, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2275.371387, "2p": -357.248334, "2s": -372.828724, "3d": -63.942521, "3p": -77.440942, "3s": -84.658467, "4d": -8.265848, "4f": -1.199347, "4p": -13.71981, "4s": -16.713337, "5d": -0.182464, "5p": -1.37653, "5s": -2.223807, "6s": -0.174814}, "Atomic radius": 1.45, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.0, "Boiling point": "5731 K", "Brinell hardness": "800 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "200 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "16650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "13.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>3</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4, 5], "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.86, "4": 0.82, "5": 0.78}, "Liquid range": "2441 K", "Melting point": "3290 K", "Mendeleev no": 52, "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Molar volume": "10.85 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Tantalum", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Reflectivity": "78 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "69 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.78, "ionic_radius": 0.64}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.83, "ionic_radius": 0.69}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.88, "ionic_radius": 0.74}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "4.47 K", "Thermal conductivity": "57 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.22, "Velocity of sound": "3400 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "873 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.5, "Youngs modulus": "186 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.47, "iupac_ordering": 53, "IUPAC ordering": 53, "Ground level": "4F3/2", "Ionization energies": [7.549571, 16.2, 23.1, 35.0, 48.272, 94.01, 119.0, 139.0, 159.0, 180.0, 213.0, 235.0, 262.0, 304.0, 338.0, 363.0, 396.0, 439.0, 482.0, 530.0, 570.0, 610.0, 660.0, 700.0, 750.0, 790.0, 832.0, 1064.0, 1110.0, 1160.0, 1211.0, 1262.0, 1313.0, 1382.0, 1434.0, 1490.0, 1542.0, 1748.0, 1799.0, 1857.0, 1910.0, 2053.0, 2113.0, 2254.0, 2314.7, 3898.7, 4014.0, 4143.0, 4278.0, 4410.0, 4537.0, 4745.0, 4877.0, 5024.0, 5159.0, 5537.0, 5655.0, 5785.0, 5907.0, 6364.0, 6502.0, 6769.0, 6900.0, 15137.0, 15461.0, 15820.0, 16150.0, 17840.0, 18250.0, 18760.0, 19088.51, 76852.03, 78394.7], "Electron affinity": 0.32312}, "Tb": {"Atomic mass": 158.92535, "Atomic no": 65, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1785.331942, "2p": -271.590585, "2s": -285.121013, "3d": -45.443863, "3p": -56.785113, "3s": -62.851563, "4d": -5.467662, "4f": -0.256311, "4p": -9.735637, "4s": -12.120486, "5p": -0.88723, "5s": -1.513669, "6s": -0.131677}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.25, "Boiling point": "3503 K", "Brinell hardness": "677 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "38.7 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "8219 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "115 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>9</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.063, "4": 0.9}, "Liquid range": "1874 K", "Melting point": "1629 K", "Mendeleev no": 26, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.30 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Terbium", "Oxidation states": [1, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "22 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.063, "ionic_radius": 0.923}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.12, "ionic_radius": 0.98}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.18, "ionic_radius": 1.04}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.235, "ionic_radius": 1.095}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.02, "ionic_radius": 0.88}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.33, "Velocity of sound": "2620 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "863 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Youngs modulus": "56 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.781, "iupac_ordering": 39, "IUPAC ordering": 39, "Ground level": "6H\u00b015/2", "Ionization energies": [5.8638, 11.513, 21.82, 39.33, 66.5, 90.0, 108.0, 125.0, 143.0, 168.0, 186.0, 216.0, 250.0, 273.0, 294.0, 325.0, 358.0, 393.0, 426.6, 613.0, 651.0, 690.0, 732.0, 772.0, 816.0, 866.0, 909.0, 954.0, 997.0, 1165.0, 1208.0, 1256.0, 1301.0, 1393.0, 1443.0, 1559.0, 1610.4, 2750.0, 2852.0, 2961.0, 3078.0, 3189.0, 3300.0, 3458.0, 3573.0, 3698.0, 3814.0, 4139.0, 4242.0, 4355.0, 4460.0, 4760.0, 4877.0, 5103.0, 5217.0, 11673.0, 11957.0, 12272.0, 12563.0, 13658.0, 14003.0, 14434.0, 14721.02, 59739.3, 61049.65], "Electron affinity": 0.131318}, "Tc": {"Atomic mass": 98.0, "Atomic no": 43, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -745.742024, "2p": -96.61021, "2s": -104.567508, "3d": -9.33986, "3p": -15.041738, "3s": -18.135303, "4d": -0.270262, "4p": -1.64323, "4s": -2.550712, "5s": -0.183636}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.83, "Boiling point": "4538 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4, 7], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "11500 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 22 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>5</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.785, "5": 0.74, "7": 0.7}, "Liquid range": "2108 K", "Melting point": "2430 K", "Mendeleev no": 59, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "8.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Technetium", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.785, "ionic_radius": 0.645}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}}, "7": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.51, "ionic_radius": 0.37}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.7, "ionic_radius": 0.56}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "7.8 K", "Thermal conductivity": "51 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.16, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.363, "iupac_ordering": 60, "IUPAC ordering": 60, "Ground level": "6S5/2", "Ionization energies": [7.11938, 15.26, 29.55, 41.0, 57.0, 72.0, 88.0, 150.0, 169.0, 189.9, 214.0, 239.0, 262.08, 311.0, 338.55, 604.0, 655.0, 713.0, 773.0, 829.0, 904.0, 968.0, 1032.0, 1102.0, 1166.0, 1354.0, 1411.6, 1479.5, 1559.0, 1638.0, 1689.0, 1838.0, 1900.28, 4505.0, 4681.0, 4874.0, 5060.0, 5361.0, 5570.0, 5838.0, 6008.391, 25004.533, 25786.99], "Electron affinity": 0.552}, "Te": {"Atomic mass": 127.6, "Atomic no": 52, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1115.831819, "2p": -156.808583, "2s": -167.021776, "3d": -20.887801, "3p": -28.860685, "3s": -33.137485, "4d": -1.608381, "4p": -4.100084, "4s": -5.572846, "5p": -0.226594, "5s": -0.520997}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.23, "Boiling point": "1261 K", "Brinell hardness": "180 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "65 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6240 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 10000 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>4</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [-2, 4, -1, 6], "Ionic radii": {"-2": 2.07, "4": 1.11, "6": 0.7}, "Liquid range": "538.34 K", "Melting point": "722.66 K", "Mendeleev no": 92, "Mineral hardness": "2.25", "Molar volume": "20.46 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Tellurium", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "50 %", "Refractive index": "1.000991", "Rigidity modulus": "16 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"-2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 2.07, "ionic_radius": 2.21}}}, "4": {"III": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.66, "ionic_radius": 0.52}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.8, "ionic_radius": 0.66}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.11, "ionic_radius": 0.97}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.57, "ionic_radius": 0.43}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.7, "ionic_radius": 0.56}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "3 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.06, "Velocity of sound": "2610 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.1, "Youngs modulus": "43 GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 94, "IUPAC ordering": 94, "Ground level": "3P2", "Ionization energies": [9.009808, 18.6, 27.84, 37.4155, 59.3, 69.1, 124.2, 143.0, 167.0, 191.1, 215.0, 245.0, 272.0, 299.0, 328.0, 354.0, 461.0, 491.0, 522.0, 555.0, 599.0, 633.0, 709.0, 746.12, 1304.0, 1377.0, 1455.0, 1538.0, 1618.0, 1707.0, 1803.0, 1889.0, 1979.0, 2066.0, 2309.0, 2386.0, 2472.0, 2552.0, 2700.0, 2788.0, 2954.0, 3041.0, 7022.0, 7243.0, 7485.0, 7714.0, 8240.0, 8499.0, 8821.0, 9040.83, 37196.522, 38177.56], "Electron affinity": 1.9708757}, "Th": {"Atomic mass": 232.03806, "Atomic no": 90, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3524.439052, "2p": -588.218112, "2s": -608.350958, "3d": -123.846396, "3p": -142.25581, "3s": -152.079741, "4d": -24.955184, "4f": -13.397389, "4p": -33.325252, "4s": -37.814094, "5d": -3.625729, "5p": -6.58281, "5s": -8.287057, "6d": -0.172896, "6p": -0.846921, "6s": -1.333769, "7s": -0.135872}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "5093 K", "Brinell hardness": "400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "54 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.0 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "11724 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "15 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].6d<sup>2</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [4], "Ionic radii": {"4": 1.08}, "Liquid range": "2978 K", "Melting point": "2115 K", "Mendeleev no": 47, "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Molar volume": "19.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Thorium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.27", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "31 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.08, "ionic_radius": 0.94}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.19, "ionic_radius": 1.05}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.23, "ionic_radius": 1.09}}, "X": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.27, "ionic_radius": 1.13}}, "XI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.32, "ionic_radius": 1.18}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.35, "ionic_radius": 1.21}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.38 K", "Thermal conductivity": "54 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.45, "Velocity of sound": "2490 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "350 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Youngs modulus": "79 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.798, "iupac_ordering": 31, "IUPAC ordering": 31, "Ground level": "3F2", "Ionization energies": [6.3067, 12.1, 18.32, 28.648, 58.0, 69.1, 82.0, 95.0, 118.0, 133.0, 165.0, 181.0, 262.0, 285.0, 310.0, 336.0, 362.0, 389.0, 424.0, 451.0, 480.0, 508.0, 650.0, 680.0, 720.0, 750.0, 830.0, 870.0, 970.0, 1010.0, 1090.0, 1160.0, 1240.0, 1310.0, 1380.0, 1460.0, 1530.0, 1600.0, 1680.0, 1760.0, 1830.0, 1910.0, 1980.0, 2060.0, 2390.0, 2455.0, 2524.0, 2598.0, 2669.0, 2737.0, 2864.0, 2935.0, 3013.0, 3086.0, 3375.0, 3445.0, 3522.0, 3593.0, 3943.0, 4025.0, 4230.0, 4313.0, 6972.0, 7130.0, 7299.0, 7480.0, 7650.0, 7810.0, 8180.0, 8350.0, 8550.0, 8720.0, 9220.0, 9370.0, 9540.0, 9690.0, 10790.0, 10970.0, 11340.0, 11510.0, 24060.0, 24480.0, 24940.0, 25360.0, 29410.0, 29970.0, 30680.0, 31122.8, 123086.4, 125253.4], "Electron affinity": 1.17}, "Ti": {"Atomic mass": 47.867, "Atomic no": 22, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -177.276643, "2p": -16.285339, "2s": -19.457901, "3d": -0.17001, "3p": -1.422947, "3s": -2.258007, "4s": -0.167106}, "Atomic radius": 1.4, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.76, "Boiling point": "3560 K", "Brinell hardness": "716 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "110 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "4507 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>2</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.0, "3": 0.81, "4": 0.745}, "Liquid range": "1619 K", "Melting point": "1941 K", "Mendeleev no": 51, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "10.64 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Titanium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.32", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "44 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.0, "ionic_radius": 0.86}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.81, "ionic_radius": 0.67}}}, "4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.56, "ionic_radius": 0.42}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.65, "ionic_radius": 0.51}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.745, "ionic_radius": 0.605}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.88, "ionic_radius": 0.74}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.40 K", "Thermal conductivity": "22 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.11, "Velocity of sound": "4140 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "970 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.54, "Youngs modulus": "116 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Ti-47": 302.1, "Ti-49": 247.11}, "Metallic radius": 1.462, "iupac_ordering": 52, "IUPAC ordering": 52, "Ground level": "3F2", "Ionization energies": [6.82812, 13.5755, 27.49171, 43.26717, 99.299, 119.533, 140.68, 170.5, 192.1, 215.92, 265.07, 291.5, 787.67, 864.0, 944.5, 1042.5, 1130.2, 1220.3, 1346.3, 1425.257, 6249.0226, 6625.8073], "Electron affinity": 0.075545}, "Tl": {"Atomic mass": 204.3833, "Atomic no": 81, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2827.569408, "2p": -457.255971, "2s": -474.953368, "3d": -88.328299, "3p": -104.099296, "3s": -112.52218, "4d": -14.008848, "4f": -4.835747, "4p": -20.797078, "4s": -24.471512, "5d": -0.674544, "5p": -2.59873, "5s": -3.811512, "6p": -0.101507, "6s": -0.28502}, "Atomic radius": 1.9, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Boiling point": "1746 K", "Brinell hardness": "26.4 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "43 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "29.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [1, 3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "11850 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "15 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>1</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [1, 3], "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.64, "3": 1.025}, "Liquid range": "1169 K", "Melting point": "577 K", "Mendeleev no": 78, "Mineral hardness": "1.2", "Molar volume": "17.22 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Thallium", "Oxidation states": [1, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.45", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "2.8 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"1": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.64, "ionic_radius": 1.5}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.73, "ionic_radius": 1.59}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.84, "ionic_radius": 1.7}}}, "3": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.89, "ionic_radius": 0.75}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.025, "ionic_radius": 0.885}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.12, "ionic_radius": 0.98}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "2.38 K", "Thermal conductivity": "46 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.96, "Velocity of sound": "818 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.62, "Youngs modulus": "8 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.7, "iupac_ordering": 77, "IUPAC ordering": 77, "Ground level": "2P\u00b01/2", "Ionization energies": [6.1082873, 20.4283, 29.852, 51.14, 62.6, 80.0, 97.9, 116.0, 135.0, 158.0, 177.0, 198.0, 218.3, 306.9, 340.0, 366.0, 392.0, 439.0, 467.0, 520.0, 570.0, 600.0, 640.0, 700.0, 760.0, 820.0, 880.0, 930.0, 990.0, 1060.0, 1110.0, 1170.0, 1230.0, 1290.0, 1350.0, 1625.0, 1681.0, 1740.0, 1802.0, 1862.0, 1920.0, 2014.0, 2075.0, 2140.0, 2202.0, 2447.0, 2508.0, 2574.0, 2635.0, 2854.0, 2925.0, 3094.0, 3164.7, 5234.0, 5371.0, 5518.0, 5674.0, 5824.0, 5969.0, 6241.0, 6392.0, 6560.0, 6714.0, 7146.0, 7281.0, 7430.0, 7570.0, 8260.0, 8420.0, 8730.0, 8880.0, 19070.0, 19440.0, 19840.0, 20210.0, 22780.0, 23250.0, 23850.0, 24234.1, 96783.21, 98591.6], "Electron affinity": 0.32005319}, "Tm": {"Atomic mass": 168.93421, "Atomic no": 69, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2022.471608, "2p": -312.510608, "2s": -327.05712, "3d": -53.835494, "3p": -66.239338, "3s": -72.873753, "4d": -6.350307, "4f": -0.28312, "4p": -11.187151, "4s": -13.865665, "5p": -0.950748, "5s": -1.64999, "6s": -0.135953}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.22, "Boiling point": "2223 K", "Brinell hardness": "471 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "45 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "9321 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "67.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>13</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.17, "3": 1.02}, "Liquid range": "405 K", "Melting point": "1818 K", "Mendeleev no": 21, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.1 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Thulium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "31 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.17, "ionic_radius": 1.03}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.23, "ionic_radius": 1.09}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.02, "ionic_radius": 0.88}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.134, "ionic_radius": 0.994}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.192, "ionic_radius": 1.052}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.27, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "520 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.25, "Youngs modulus": "74 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.747, "iupac_ordering": 35, "IUPAC ordering": 35, "Ground level": "2F\u00b07/2", "Ionization energies": [6.18431, 12.065, 23.66, 42.41, 65.4, 98.0, 116.0, 133.0, 160.0, 180.0, 205.0, 239.0, 274.0, 295.0, 317.0, 352.0, 387.0, 424.0, 460.0, 496.0, 530.0, 570.0, 603.0, 825.0, 866.0, 911.0, 958.0, 1004.0, 1050.0, 1110.0, 1157.0, 1207.0, 1255.0, 1442.0, 1490.0, 1542.0, 1591.0, 1706.0, 1761.0, 1889.0, 1945.2, 3298.0, 3409.0, 3528.0, 3653.0, 3775.0, 3895.0, 4075.0, 4199.0, 4335.0, 4461.0, 4812.0, 4922.0, 5044.0, 5157.0, 5527.0, 5656.0, 5901.0, 6023.0, 13347.0, 13651.0, 13988.0, 14300.0, 15663.0, 16036.0, 16510.0, 16814.34, 67965.26, 69387.3], "Electron affinity": 1.02922}, "U": {"Atomic mass": 238.02891, "Atomic no": 92, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -3689.355141, "2p": -619.10855, "2s": -639.778728, "3d": -131.977358, "3p": -150.97898, "3s": -161.118073, "4d": -27.123212, "4f": -15.02746, "4p": -35.853321, "4s": -40.528084, "5d": -3.866175, "5f": -0.366543, "5p": -7.018092, "5s": -8.824089, "6d": -0.14319, "6p": -0.822538, "6s": -1.325976, "7s": -0.130948}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Boiling point": "4200 K", "Brinell hardness": "2400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [6], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "19050 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "28 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>3</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.165, "4": 1.03, "5": 0.9, "6": 0.87}, "Liquid range": "2794.7 K", "Melting point": "1405.3 K", "Mendeleev no": 45, "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Molar volume": "12.49 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Uranium", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.23", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "111 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.165, "ionic_radius": 1.025}}}, "4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.03, "ionic_radius": 0.89}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.09, "ionic_radius": 0.95}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.14, "ionic_radius": 1.0}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.19, "ionic_radius": 1.05}}, "XII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.31, "ionic_radius": 1.17}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.9, "ionic_radius": 0.76}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.98, "ionic_radius": 0.84}}}, "6": {"II": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.59, "ionic_radius": 0.45}}, "IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.66, "ionic_radius": 0.52}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.87, "ionic_radius": 0.73}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.95, "ionic_radius": 0.81}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.0, "ionic_radius": 0.86}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.2 K", "Thermal conductivity": "27 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.41, "Velocity of sound": "3155 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "1960 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.38, "Youngs modulus": "208 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.542, "iupac_ordering": 29, "IUPAC ordering": 29, "Ground level": "5L\u00b06", "Ionization energies": [6.19405, 11.6, 19.8, 36.7, 46.0, 62.0, 89.0, 101.0, 116.0, 128.9, 158.0, 173.0, 210.0, 227.0, 323.0, 348.0, 375.0, 402.0, 431.0, 458.0, 497.0, 525.0, 557.0, 585.0, 730.0, 770.0, 800.0, 840.0, 930.0, 970.0, 1070.0, 1110.0, 1210.0, 1290.0, 1370.0, 1440.0, 1520.0, 1590.0, 1670.0, 1750.0, 1830.0, 1910.0, 1990.0, 2070.0, 2140.0, 2220.0, 2578.0, 2646.0, 2718.0, 2794.0, 2867.0, 2938.0, 3073.0, 3147.0, 3228.0, 3301.0, 3602.0, 3675.0, 3753.0, 3827.0, 4214.0, 4299.0, 4513.0, 4598.0, 7393.0, 7550.0, 7730.0, 7910.0, 8090.0, 8260.0, 8650.0, 8830.0, 9030.0, 9210.0, 9720.0, 9870.0, 10040.0, 10200.0, 11410.0, 11600.0, 11990.0, 12160.0, 25260.0, 25680.0, 26150.0, 26590.0, 31060.0, 31640.0, 32400.0, 32836.5, 129570.3, 131821.0], "Electron affinity": 0.53}, "V": {"Atomic mass": 50.9415, "Atomic no": 23, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -195.224014, "2p": -18.435189, "2s": -21.815346, "3d": -0.204634, "3p": -1.610516, "3s": -2.526904, "4s": -0.175968}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.71, "Boiling point": "3680 K", "Brinell hardness": "628 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "160 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6110 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "20 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>3</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.93, "3": 0.78, "4": 0.72, "5": 0.68}, "Liquid range": "1497 K", "Melting point": "2183 K", "Mendeleev no": 54, "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Molar volume": "8.32 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Vanadium", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Reflectivity": "61 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "47 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.93, "ionic_radius": 0.79}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.78, "ionic_radius": 0.64}}}, "4": {"V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.67, "ionic_radius": 0.53}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.72, "ionic_radius": 0.58}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}}, "5": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.495, "ionic_radius": 0.355}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.6, "ionic_radius": 0.46}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.68, "ionic_radius": 0.54}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "5.40 K", "Thermal conductivity": "31 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.07, "Velocity of sound": "4560 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "628 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.63, "Youngs modulus": "128 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"V-50": 210.4, "V-51": -52.1}, "Metallic radius": 1.347, "iupac_ordering": 55, "IUPAC ordering": 55, "Ground level": "4F3/2", "Ionization energies": [6.746187, 14.634, 29.3111, 46.709, 65.28165, 128.125, 150.72, 173.55, 206.0, 230.5, 254.8, 308.5, 336.274, 896.0, 977.2, 1062.9, 1165.2, 1258.9, 1354.2, 1486.7, 1569.656, 6851.3109, 7246.1226], "Electron affinity": 0.527662}, "W": {"Atomic mass": 183.84, "Atomic no": 74, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2341.042887, "2p": -369.013973, "2s": -384.856157, "3d": -66.724787, "3p": -80.502102, "3s": -87.867792, "4d": -8.879693, "4f": -1.550835, "4p": -14.495102, "4s": -17.570797, "5d": -0.220603, "5p": -1.504457, "5s": -2.396018, "6s": -0.181413}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.93, "Boiling point": "5828 K", "Brinell hardness": "2570 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "310 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4, 6], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "19250 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "5.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>4</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.8, "5": 0.76, "6": 0.74}, "Liquid range": "2133 K", "Melting point": "3695 K", "Mendeleev no": 55, "Mineral hardness": "7.5", "Molar volume": "9.47 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Tungsten", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Reflectivity": "62 %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "161 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.8, "ionic_radius": 0.66}}}, "5": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.76, "ionic_radius": 0.62}}}, "6": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.56, "ionic_radius": 0.42}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.65, "ionic_radius": 0.51}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.015 K", "Thermal conductivity": "170 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.18, "Velocity of sound": "5174 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "3430 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.36, "Youngs modulus": "411 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.41, "iupac_ordering": 56, "IUPAC ordering": 56, "Ground level": "5D0", "Ionization energies": [7.86403, 16.37, 26.0, 38.2, 51.6, 64.77, 122.01, 141.2, 160.2, 179.0, 208.9, 231.6, 258.3, 290.7, 325.3, 361.9, 387.9, 420.7, 462.1, 502.6, 543.4, 594.5, 640.6, 685.6, 734.1, 784.4, 833.4, 881.4, 1132.2, 1180.0, 1230.4, 1283.4, 1335.1, 1386.8, 1459.9, 1512.4, 1569.1, 1621.7, 1829.8, 1882.9, 1940.6, 1994.8, 2149.1, 2210.0, 2354.5, 2414.1, 4057.0, 4180.0, 4309.0, 4446.0, 4578.0, 4709.0, 4927.0, 5063.0, 5209.0, 5348.0, 5719.0, 5840.0, 5970.0, 6093.0, 6596.0, 6735.0, 7000.0, 7130.0, 15566.0, 15896.0, 16252.0, 16588.0, 18476.0, 18872.0, 19362.0, 19686.74, 79181.94, 80755.6], "Electron affinity": 0.816268}, "Xe": {"Atomic mass": 131.293, "Atomic no": 54, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -1208.688993, "2p": -172.599583, "2s": -183.327495, "3d": -24.37823, "3p": -32.867042, "3s": -37.415454, "4d": -2.286666, "4p": -5.063802, "4s": -6.67834, "5p": -0.309835, "5s": -0.672086}, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.08, "Boiling point": "165.1 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "289.7 K", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>6</sup>", "Ionic radii": {"8": 0.62}, "Liquid range": "3.7 K", "Max oxidation state": 8.0, "Melting point": "161.4 K", "Mendeleev no": 5, "Min oxidation state": 2.0, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "35.92 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Xenon", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "1.000702", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Shannon radii": {"8": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.54, "ionic_radius": 0.4}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.62, "ionic_radius": 0.48}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "0.00565 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.16, "Velocity of sound": "1090 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 2.6, "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Metallic radius": "no data", "iupac_ordering": 1, "IUPAC ordering": 1, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [12.1298437, 20.975, 31.05, 42.2, 54.1, 66.703, 91.6, 105.9778, 179.84, 202.0, 229.02, 255.0, 281.0, 314.0, 343.0, 374.0, 404.0, 434.0, 549.0, 582.0, 616.0, 650.0, 700.0, 736.0, 818.0, 857.0, 1493.0, 1571.0, 1653.0, 1742.0, 1826.0, 1919.0, 2023.0, 2113.0, 2209.0, 2300.0, 2556.0, 2637.0, 2726.0, 2811.0, 2975.0, 3068.0, 3243.0, 3333.8, 7660.0, 7889.0, 8144.0, 8382.0, 8971.0, 9243.0, 9581.0, 9810.37, 40271.724, 41299.71], "Electron affinity": -0.82}, "Y": {"Atomic mass": 88.90585, "Atomic no": 39, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -605.631981, "2p": -74.803201, "2s": -81.789102, "3d": -5.671499, "3p": -10.399926, "3s": -12.992217, "4d": -0.108691, "4p": -1.02449, "4s": -1.697124, "5s": -0.150727}, "Atomic radius": 1.8, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.12, "Boiling point": "3609 K", "Brinell hardness": "589 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "41 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "4472 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "about 60 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>1</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [3], "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.04}, "Liquid range": "1810 K", "Melting point": "1799 K", "Mendeleev no": 25, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.88 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Yttrium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.04, "ionic_radius": 0.9}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.1, "ionic_radius": 0.96}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.159, "ionic_radius": 1.019}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.215, "ionic_radius": 1.075}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "1.3  (under pressure)K", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.32, "Velocity of sound": "3300 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.22, "Youngs modulus": "64 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.8, "iupac_ordering": 48, "IUPAC ordering": 48, "Ground level": "2D3/2", "Ionization energies": [6.21726, 12.2236, 20.52441, 60.6072, 75.35, 91.39, 110.02, 128.12, 145.64, 185.7, 205.814, 374.04, 414.0, 463.0, 512.0, 559.0, 624.0, 677.0, 733.0, 790.0, 847.0, 1010.0, 1061.9, 1120.2, 1190.0, 1253.0, 1300.0, 1427.6, 1483.12, 3562.9, 3720.0, 3892.0, 4060.0, 4299.0, 4484.0, 4724.0, 4875.731, 20415.717, 21115.55], "Electron affinity": 0.30712}, "Yb": {"Atomic mass": 173.04, "Atomic no": 70, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -2084.069389, "2p": -323.178219, "2s": -337.978976, "3d": -56.026315, "3p": -68.698655, "3s": -75.47663, "4d": -6.574963, "4f": -0.286408, "4p": -11.558246, "4s": -14.312076, "5p": -0.966137, "5s": -1.683886, "6s": -0.136989}, "Atomic radius": 1.75, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.22, "Boiling point": "1469 K", "Brinell hardness": "343 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "31 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "26.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6570 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "25.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3], "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.16, "3": 1.008}, "Liquid range": "372 K", "Melting point": "1097 K", "Mendeleev no": 17, "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Molar volume": "24.84 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Ytterbium", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "9.9 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.16, "ionic_radius": 1.02}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.22, "ionic_radius": 1.08}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.28, "ionic_radius": 1.14}}}, "3": {"VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.008, "ionic_radius": 0.868}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.065, "ionic_radius": 0.925}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.125, "ionic_radius": 0.985}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.182, "ionic_radius": 1.042}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Thermal conductivity": "39 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.26, "Velocity of sound": "1590 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "206 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Youngs modulus": "24 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.94, "iupac_ordering": 34, "IUPAC ordering": 34, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [6.25416, 12.179185, 25.053, 43.61, 65.6, 99.0, 117.0, 135.0, 163.0, 182.0, 209.0, 244.0, 279.0, 301.0, 324.0, 360.0, 396.0, 431.0, 469.0, 505.0, 540.0, 580.0, 610.0, 651.0, 882.0, 924.0, 971.0, 1019.0, 1065.0, 1114.0, 1175.0, 1224.0, 1275.0, 1324.0, 1516.0, 1564.0, 1618.0, 1668.0, 1789.0, 1845.0, 1978.0, 2036.4, 3443.0, 3555.0, 3677.0, 3805.0, 3929.0, 4051.0, 4238.0, 4364.0, 4502.0, 4630.0, 4988.0, 5101.0, 5224.0, 5339.0, 5731.0, 5860.0, 6111.0, 6236.0, 13784.0, 14093.0, 14435.0, 14752.0, 16191.0, 16570.0, 17050.0, 17365.44, 70123.04, 71574.8], "Electron affinity": -0.02}, "Zn": {"Atomic mass": 65.409, "Atomic no": 30, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -344.969756, "2p": -36.648765, "2s": -41.531323, "3d": -0.398944, "3p": -3.022363, "3s": -4.573041, "4s": -0.222725}, "Atomic radius": 1.35, "Atomic radius calculated": 1.42, "Boiling point": "1180 K", "Brinell hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "70 GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "30.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "7140 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "6.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2], "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.88}, "Liquid range": "487.32 K", "Melting point": "692.68 K", "Mendeleev no": 76, "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Molar volume": "9.16 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Zinc", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Reflectivity": "80 %", "Refractive index": "1.002050", "Rigidity modulus": "43 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"2": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.74, "ionic_radius": 0.6}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.82, "ionic_radius": 0.68}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.88, "ionic_radius": 0.74}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.04, "ionic_radius": 0.9}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.85 K", "Thermal conductivity": "120 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.01, "Velocity of sound": "3700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.65, "Youngs modulus": "108 GPa", "NMR Quadrupole Moment": {"Zn-67": 150.15}, "Metallic radius": 1.34, "iupac_ordering": 76, "IUPAC ordering": 76, "Ground level": "1S0", "Ionization energies": [9.394197, 17.96439, 39.7233, 59.573, 82.6, 108.0, 133.9, 173.9, 203.0, 238.0, 274.4, 310.8, 417.6, 453.4, 490.6, 540.0, 577.8, 613.3, 697.5, 737.366, 1846.8, 1961.0, 2085.0, 2214.0, 2358.0, 2491.5, 2669.9, 2781.996, 11864.9399, 12388.929], "Electron affinity": -0.62}, "Zr": {"Atomic mass": 91.224, "Atomic no": 40, "Atomic orbitals": {"1s": -639.292236, "2p": -80.010043, "2s": -87.237062, "3d": -6.544643, "3p": -11.514415, "3s": -14.230432, "4d": -0.150673, "4p": -1.186597, "4s": -1.918971, "5s": -0.162391}, "Atomic radius": 1.55, "Atomic radius calculated": 2.06, "Boiling point": "4682 K", "Brinell hardness": "650 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Density of solid": "6511 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Electrical resistivity": "43.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>2</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "ICSD oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.86}, "Liquid range": "2554 K", "Melting point": "2128 K", "Mendeleev no": 49, "Mineral hardness": "5.0", "Molar volume": "14.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Name": "Zirconium", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Refractive index": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "33 GPa", "Shannon radii": {"4": {"IV": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.73, "ionic_radius": 0.59}}, "V": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.8, "ionic_radius": 0.66}}, "VI": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.86, "ionic_radius": 0.72}}, "VII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.92, "ionic_radius": 0.78}}, "VIII": {"": {"crystal_radius": 0.98, "ionic_radius": 0.84}}, "IX": {"": {"crystal_radius": 1.03, "ionic_radius": 0.89}}}}, "Superconduction temperature": "0.61 K", "Thermal conductivity": "23 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.23, "Velocity of sound": "3800 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Vickers hardness": "903 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "X": 1.33, "Youngs modulus": "68 GPa", "Metallic radius": 1.602, "iupac_ordering": 51, "IUPAC ordering": 51, "Ground level": "3F2", "Ionization energies": [6.634126, 13.13, 23.17, 34.41836, 80.348, 96.38, 112.0, 133.7, 153.0, 172.02, 214.9, 236.252, 426.0, 470.0, 520.0, 573.0, 622.0, 690.0, 745.0, 803.0, 863.0, 922.0, 1092.0, 1144.7, 1205.4, 1277.0, 1344.0, 1392.0, 1525.1, 1582.37, 3788.0, 3950.0, 4127.0, 4300.0, 4553.0, 4744.0, 4991.0, 5146.935, 21516.469, 22236.678], "Electron affinity": 0.433289}, "Rf": {"Atomic mass": 267, "Atomic no": 104, "Name": "Rutherfordium", "Ground level": "3F2", "Ionization energies": [6.02, 14.35, 23.84, 31.87, 64.0, 77.0, 102.0, 119.0, 146.1, 169.0, 193.0, 225.0, 244.0, 275.0, null, 791.0, 825.0, 860.0, 899.0, 936.0, 972.0, 1036.0, 1073.0, 1114.0, 1151.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 3857.0, 3938.0, 4025.0, 4116.0, 4203.0, 4287.0, 4489.0, 4580.0, 4670.0, 4760.0, 5130.0, 5210.0, 5300.0, 5390.0, 6100.0, 6200.0, 6470.0, 6570.0, 10170.0, 10360.0, 10560.0, 10780.0, 10980.0, 11180.0, 11750.0, 11960.0, 12200.0, 12410.0, 13010.0, 13190.0, 13400.0, 13600.0, 15800.0, 16000.0, 16400.0, 16700.0, 33100.0, 33600.0, 34100.0, 34600.0, 42700.0, 43400.0, 44300.0, null, null, 177148.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Db": {"Atomic mass": 268, "Atomic no": 105, "Name": "Dubnium", "Ground level": "4F3/2", "Ionization energies": [6.8, 14.0, 23.1, 33.0, 43.0, 86.0, 98.9, 126.0, 145.1, 172.0, 196.0, 220.9, 254.0, 274.0, 307.0, null, 838.0, 872.0, 908.0, 948.0, 985.0, 1022.0, 1089.0, 1126.0, 1168.0, 1207.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 3975.0, 4057.0, 4145.0, 4237.0, 4326.0, 4411.0, 4620.0, 4710.0, 4810.0, 4900.0, 5260.0, 5350.0, 5450.0, 5530.0, 6280.0, 6380.0, 6650.0, 6760.0, 10420.0, 10610.0, 10820.0, 11040.0, 11240.0, 11440.0, 12040.0, 12250.0, 12480.0, 12700.0, 13300.0, 13500.0, 13700.0, 13900.0, 16200.0, 16400.0, 16900.0, 17100.0, 33800.0, 34300.0, 34800.0, 35300.0, 43800.0, 44500.0, 45400.0, null, null, 181444.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Sg": {"Atomic mass": 269, "Atomic no": 106, "Name": "Seaborgium", "Ground level": "0", "Ionization energies": [7.8, 17.1, 25.8, 35.5, 47.2, 59.3, 109.0, 122.0, 152.0, 170.0, 200.0, 224.0, 251.0, 285.0, 306.0, 339.0, null, 885.0, 921.0, 958.0, 998.0, 1036.0, 1073.0, 1143.0, 1181.0, 1223.0, 1263.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4095.0, 4178.0, 4267.0, 4360.0, 4450.0, 4540.0, 4750.0, 4840.0, 4940.0, 5030.0, 5410.0, 5490.0, 5590.0, 5680.0, 6460.0, 6570.0, 6840.0, 6950.0, 10680.0, 10870.0, 11080.0, 11300.0, 11510.0, 11710.0, 12320.0, 12540.0, 12780.0, 12990.0, 13600.0, 13800.0, 14000.0, 14200.0, 16600.0, 16800.0, 17300.0, 17500.0, 34500.0, 35000.0, 35600.0, 36100.0, 44900.0, 45700.0, 46600.0, null, null, 185839.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Bh": {"Atomic mass": 270, "Atomic no": 107, "Name": "Bohrium", "Ground level": "5/2", "Ionization energies": [7.7, 17.5, 26.7, 37.3, 49.0, 62.1, 74.9, 134.0, 148.0, 178.0, 198.0, 228.0, 255.0, 281.0, 318.0, 337.0, 374.0, null, 934.0, 969.0, 1008.0, 1049.0, 1088.0, 1126.0, 1197.0, 1237.0, 1280.0, 1320.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4216.0, 4301.0, 4390.0, 4486.0, 4580.0, 4660.0, 4890.0, 4980.0, 5080.0, 5170.0, 5550.0, 5640.0, 5740.0, 5830.0, 6650.0, 6760.0, 7040.0, 7140.0, 10930.0, 11130.0, 11340.0, 11560.0, 11780.0, 11980.0, 12610.0, 12830.0, 13070.0, 13300.0, 13900.0, 14100.0, 14300.0, 14500.0, 17000.0, 17300.0, 17700.0, 18000.0, 35200.0, 35700.0, 36300.0, 36800.0, 46100.0, 46900.0, 47800.0, null, null, 190331.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Hs": {"Atomic mass": 270, "Atomic no": 108, "Name": "Hassium", "Ground level": "4", "Ionization energies": [7.6, 18.2, 29.3, 37.7, 51.2, 64.0, 78.1, 91.7, 159.9, 173.9, 206.1, 227.0, 258.0, 285.0, 314.0, 351.0, 371.0, 409.0, null, 984.0, 1020.0, 1060.0, 1101.0, 1140.0, 1180.0, 1253.0, 1294.0, 1338.0, 1379.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4339.0, 4425.0, 4516.0, 4610.0, 4700.0, 4790.0, 5020.0, 5110.0, 5220.0, 5310.0, 5700.0, 5780.0, 5880.0, 5980.0, 6840.0, 6950.0, 7230.0, 7340.0, 11200.0, 11390.0, 11610.0, 11830.0, 12040.0, 12250.0, 12910.0, 13130.0, 13400.0, 13600.0, 14200.0, 14400.0, 14600.0, 14800.0, 17500.0, 17700.0, 18200.0, 18400.0, 35900.0, 36400.0, 37000.0, 37500.0, 47300.0, 48100.0, 49000.0, null, null, 194917.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Mt": {"Atomic mass": 278, "Atomic no": 109, "Name": "Meitnerium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [50.0, null, null, 94.0, 109.0, 187.0, 202.0, 235.9, 257.0, 289.0, 318.0, 346.0, 386.0, 406.0, 445.0, null, 1035.0, 1072.0, 1112.0, 1154.0, 1195.0, 1234.0, 1311.0, 1352.0, 1397.0, 1439.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4464.0, 4551.0, 4640.0, 4740.0, 4830.0, 4920.0, 5160.0, 5250.0, 5360.0, 5450.0, 5840.0, 5930.0, 6030.0, 6130.0, 7030.0, 7150.0, 7430.0, 7550.0, 11460.0, 11660.0, 11870.0, 12100.0, 12320.0, 12530.0, 13200.0, 13400.0, 13700.0, 13900.0, 14500.0, 14700.0, 14900.0, 15100.0, 17900.0, 18200.0, 18700.0, 18900.0, 36700.0, 37200.0, 37800.0, 38300.0, 48500.0, 49400.0, 50300.0, null, null, 199606.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Ds": {"Atomic mass": 281, "Atomic no": 110, "Name": "Darmstadtium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [65.0, null, null, 112.9, 128.0, 216.0, 231.0, 266.0, 288.0, 322.0, 352.0, 380.0, 422.0, 442.0, 483.0, null, 1087.0, 1125.0, 1165.0, 1208.0, 1250.0, 1290.0, 1369.0, 1412.0, 1457.0, 1500.0, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4590.0, 4680.0, 4770.0, 4870.0, 4960.0, 5060.0, 5300.0, 5400.0, 5500.0, 5600.0, 5990.0, 6080.0, 6190.0, 6280.0, 7230.0, 7350.0, 7640.0, 7750.0, 11730.0, 11930.0, 12140.0, 12380.0, 12600.0, 12810.0, 13500.0, 13700.0, 14000.0, 14200.0, 14800.0, 15000.0, 15300.0, 15500.0, 18400.0, 18600.0, 19100.0, 19400.0, 37400.0, 37900.0, 38500.0, 39100.0, 49800.0, 50700.0, 51600.0, null, null, 204400.0], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Rg": {"Atomic mass": 282, "Atomic no": 111, "Name": "Roentgenium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 1.565, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Cn": {"Atomic mass": 285, "Atomic no": 112, "Name": "Copernicium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Nh": {"Atomic mass": 286, "Atomic no": 113, "Name": "Nihonium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 0.69, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Fl": {"Atomic mass": 289, "Atomic no": 114, "Name": "Flerovium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": null, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Mc": {"Atomic mass": 290, "Atomic no": 115, "Name": "Moscovium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 0.366, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Lv": {"Atomic mass": 293, "Atomic no": 116, "Name": "Livermorium", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 0.776, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Ts": {"Atomic mass": 294, "Atomic no": 117, "Name": "Tennessine", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 1.719, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}, "Og": {"Atomic mass": 2949, "Atomic no": 118, "Name": "Oganesson", "Ground level": null, "Ionization energies": [], "Electron affinity": 0.0561, "Van der waals radius": "no data"}}