1 /*
2 * filefrag.c -- report if a particular file is fragmented
3 *
4 * Copyright 2003 by Theodore Ts'o.
5 *
6 * %Begin-Header%
7 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
8 * License.
9 * %End-Header%
10 */
11
12 #include "config.h"
13 #ifndef __linux__
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <unistd.h>
17
main(void)18 int main(void) {
19 fputs("This program is only supported on Linux!\n", stderr);
20 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
21 }
22 #else
23 #ifndef _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
24 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
25 #endif
26 #ifndef _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
27 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
28 #endif
29
30
31 #include <stdio.h>
32 #include <stdlib.h>
33 #include <unistd.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <time.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
39 #include <getopt.h>
40 #else
41 extern char *optarg;
42 extern int optind;
43 #endif
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/stat.h>
46 #include <sys/vfs.h>
47 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
48 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_FD_H
49 #include <linux/fd.h>
50 #endif
51 #include <ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
52 #include <ext2fs/ext2_types.h>
53 #include <ext2fs/fiemap.h>
54 #include "../version.h"
55
56 int verbose = 0;
57 unsigned int blocksize; /* Use specified blocksize (default 1kB) */
58 int sync_file = 0; /* fsync file before getting the mapping */
59 int precache_file = 0; /* precache the file before getting the mapping */
60 int xattr_map = 0; /* get xattr mapping */
61 int force_bmap; /* force use of FIBMAP instead of FIEMAP */
62 int force_extent; /* print output in extent format always */
63 int use_extent_cache; /* Use extent cache */
64 int logical_width = 8;
65 int physical_width = 10;
66 const char *ext_fmt = "%4d: %*llu..%*llu: %*llu..%*llu: %6llu: %s\n";
67 const char *hex_fmt = "%4d: %*llx..%*llx: %*llx..%*llx: %6llx: %s\n";
68
69 #define FILEFRAG_FIEMAP_FLAGS_COMPAT (FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC | FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR)
70
71 #define FIBMAP _IO(0x00, 1) /* bmap access */
72 #define FIGETBSZ _IO(0x00, 2) /* get the block size used for bmap */
73
74 #define LUSTRE_SUPER_MAGIC 0x0BD00BD0
75
76 #define EXT4_EXTENTS_FL 0x00080000 /* Inode uses extents */
77 #define EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS _IOR('f', 1, long)
78
ulong_log2(unsigned long arg)79 static int ulong_log2(unsigned long arg)
80 {
81 int l = 0;
82
83 arg >>= 1;
84 while (arg) {
85 l++;
86 arg >>= 1;
87 }
88 return l;
89 }
90
ulong_log10(unsigned long long arg)91 static int ulong_log10(unsigned long long arg)
92 {
93 int l = 0;
94
95 arg = arg / 10;
96 while (arg) {
97 l++;
98 arg = arg / 10;
99 }
100 return l;
101 }
102
div_ceil(unsigned int a,unsigned int b)103 static unsigned int div_ceil(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
104 {
105 if (!a)
106 return 0;
107 return ((a - 1) / b) + 1;
108 }
109
get_bmap(int fd,unsigned long block,unsigned long * phy_blk)110 static int get_bmap(int fd, unsigned long block, unsigned long *phy_blk)
111 {
112 int ret;
113 unsigned int b;
114
115 b = block;
116 ret = ioctl(fd, FIBMAP, &b); /* FIBMAP takes pointer to integer */
117 if (ret < 0)
118 return -errno;
119 *phy_blk = b;
120
121 return ret;
122 }
123
print_extent_header(void)124 static void print_extent_header(void)
125 {
126 printf(" ext: %*s %*s length: %*s flags:\n",
127 logical_width * 2 + 3,
128 "logical_offset:",
129 physical_width * 2 + 3, "physical_offset:",
130 physical_width + 1,
131 "expected:");
132 }
133
print_flag(__u32 * flags,__u32 mask,char * buf,const char * name)134 static void print_flag(__u32 *flags, __u32 mask, char *buf, const char *name)
135 {
136 char hex[sizeof(mask) * 2 + 4]; /* 2 chars/byte + 0x, + NUL */
137
138 if ((*flags & mask) == 0)
139 return;
140
141 if (name == NULL) {
142 sprintf(hex, "%#04x,", mask);
143 name = hex;
144 }
145 strcat(buf, name);
146 *flags &= ~mask;
147 }
148
print_flags(__u32 fe_flags,char * flags,int len,int print_unknown)149 static void print_flags(__u32 fe_flags, char *flags, int len, int print_unknown)
150 {
151 __u32 mask;
152
153 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST, flags, "last,");
154 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN, flags, "unknown_loc,");
155 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC, flags, "delalloc,");
156 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_ENCODED, flags, "encoded,");
157 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED, flags,"encrypted,");
158 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED, flags, "not_aligned,");
159 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE, flags, "inline,");
160 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL, flags, "tail_packed,");
161 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN, flags, "unwritten,");
162 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED, flags, "merged,");
163 print_flag(&fe_flags, FIEMAP_EXTENT_SHARED, flags, "shared,");
164 print_flag(&fe_flags, EXT4_FIEMAP_EXTENT_HOLE, flags, "hole,");
165
166 if (!print_unknown)
167 goto out;
168
169 /* print any unknown flags as hex values */
170 for (mask = 1; fe_flags != 0 && mask != 0; mask <<= 1)
171 print_flag(&fe_flags, mask, flags, NULL);
172 out:
173 /* Remove trailing comma, if any */
174 if (flags[0])
175 flags[strnlen(flags, len) - 1] = '\0';
176
177 }
178
print_extent_info(struct fiemap_extent * fm_extent,int cur_ex,unsigned long long expected,int blk_shift,ext2fs_struct_stat * st)179 static void print_extent_info(struct fiemap_extent *fm_extent, int cur_ex,
180 unsigned long long expected, int blk_shift,
181 ext2fs_struct_stat *st)
182 {
183 unsigned long long physical_blk;
184 unsigned long long logical_blk;
185 unsigned long long ext_len;
186 unsigned long long ext_blks;
187 unsigned long long ext_blks_phys;
188 char flags[256] = "";
189
190 /* For inline data all offsets should be in bytes, not blocks */
191 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE)
192 blk_shift = 0;
193
194 ext_len = fm_extent->fe_length >> blk_shift;
195 ext_blks = (fm_extent->fe_length - 1) >> blk_shift;
196 logical_blk = fm_extent->fe_logical >> blk_shift;
197 if (fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN) {
198 physical_blk = 0;
199 } else {
200 physical_blk = fm_extent->fe_physical >> blk_shift;
201 }
202
203 if (expected &&
204 !(fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN) &&
205 !(fm_extent->fe_flags & EXT4_FIEMAP_EXTENT_HOLE))
206 sprintf(flags, ext_fmt == hex_fmt ? "%*llx: " : "%*llu: ",
207 physical_width, expected >> blk_shift);
208 else
209 sprintf(flags, "%.*s ", physical_width, " ");
210
211 print_flags(fm_extent->fe_flags, flags, sizeof(flags), 1);
212
213 if (fm_extent->fe_logical + fm_extent->fe_length >=
214 (unsigned long long)st->st_size)
215 strcat(flags, flags[0] ? ",eof" : "eof");
216
217 if ((fm_extent->fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN) ||
218 (fm_extent->fe_flags & EXT4_FIEMAP_EXTENT_HOLE)) {
219 ext_len = 0;
220 ext_blks_phys = 0;
221 } else
222 ext_blks_phys = ext_blks;
223
224 printf(ext_fmt, cur_ex, logical_width, logical_blk,
225 logical_width, logical_blk + ext_blks,
226 physical_width, physical_blk,
227 physical_width, physical_blk + ext_blks_phys,
228 ext_len, flags);
229 }
230
filefrag_fiemap(int fd,int blk_shift,int * num_extents,ext2fs_struct_stat * st)231 static int filefrag_fiemap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents,
232 ext2fs_struct_stat *st)
233 {
234 __u64 buf[2048]; /* __u64 for proper field alignment */
235 struct fiemap *fiemap = (struct fiemap *)buf;
236 struct fiemap_extent *fm_ext = &fiemap->fm_extents[0];
237 struct fiemap_extent fm_last;
238 int count = (sizeof(buf) - sizeof(*fiemap)) /
239 sizeof(struct fiemap_extent);
240 unsigned long long expected = 0;
241 unsigned long long expected_dense = 0;
242 unsigned long flags = 0;
243 unsigned int i;
244 unsigned long cmd = FS_IOC_FIEMAP;
245 int fiemap_header_printed = 0;
246 int tot_extents = 0, n = 0;
247 int last = 0;
248 int rc;
249
250 memset(fiemap, 0, sizeof(struct fiemap));
251 memset(&fm_last, 0, sizeof(fm_last));
252
253 if (sync_file)
254 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC;
255
256 if (precache_file)
257 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_CACHE;
258
259 if (xattr_map)
260 flags |= FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR;
261
262 if (use_extent_cache)
263 cmd = EXT4_IOC_GET_ES_CACHE;
264
265 do {
266 fiemap->fm_length = ~0ULL;
267 fiemap->fm_flags = flags;
268 fiemap->fm_extent_count = count;
269 rc = ioctl(fd, cmd, (unsigned long) fiemap);
270 if (rc < 0) {
271 static int fiemap_incompat_printed;
272
273 rc = -errno;
274 if (rc == -EBADR && !fiemap_incompat_printed) {
275 fprintf(stderr, "FIEMAP failed with unknown "
276 "flags %x\n",
277 fiemap->fm_flags);
278 fiemap_incompat_printed = 1;
279 }
280 return rc;
281 }
282
283 /* If 0 extents are returned, then more ioctls are not needed */
284 if (fiemap->fm_mapped_extents == 0)
285 break;
286
287 if (verbose && !fiemap_header_printed) {
288 print_extent_header();
289 fiemap_header_printed = 1;
290 }
291
292 for (i = 0; i < fiemap->fm_mapped_extents; i++) {
293 expected_dense = fm_last.fe_physical +
294 fm_last.fe_length;
295 expected = fm_last.fe_physical +
296 fm_ext[i].fe_logical - fm_last.fe_logical;
297 if (fm_ext[i].fe_logical != 0 &&
298 fm_ext[i].fe_physical != expected &&
299 fm_ext[i].fe_physical != expected_dense) {
300 tot_extents++;
301 } else {
302 expected = 0;
303 if (!tot_extents)
304 tot_extents = 1;
305 }
306 if (verbose)
307 print_extent_info(&fm_ext[i], n, expected,
308 blk_shift, st);
309 if (fm_ext[i].fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST)
310 last = 1;
311 fm_last = fm_ext[i];
312 n++;
313 }
314
315 fiemap->fm_start = (fm_ext[i - 1].fe_logical +
316 fm_ext[i - 1].fe_length);
317 } while (last == 0);
318
319 *num_extents = tot_extents;
320
321 return 0;
322 }
323
324 #define EXT2_DIRECT 12
325
filefrag_fibmap(int fd,int blk_shift,int * num_extents,ext2fs_struct_stat * st,unsigned long numblocks,int is_ext2)326 static int filefrag_fibmap(int fd, int blk_shift, int *num_extents,
327 ext2fs_struct_stat *st,
328 unsigned long numblocks, int is_ext2)
329 {
330 struct fiemap_extent fm_ext, fm_last;
331 unsigned long i, last_block;
332 unsigned long long logical, expected = 0;
333 /* Blocks per indirect block */
334 const long bpib = st->st_blksize / 4;
335 int count;
336
337 memset(&fm_ext, 0, sizeof(fm_ext));
338 memset(&fm_last, 0, sizeof(fm_last));
339 if (force_extent) {
340 fm_ext.fe_flags = FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED;
341 }
342
343 if (sync_file && fsync(fd) != 0)
344 return -errno;
345
346 for (i = 0, logical = 0, *num_extents = 0, count = last_block = 0;
347 i < numblocks;
348 i++, logical += st->st_blksize) {
349 unsigned long block = 0;
350 int rc;
351
352 if (is_ext2 && last_block) {
353 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT) % bpib) == 0)
354 last_block++;
355 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT - bpib) % (bpib * bpib)) == 0)
356 last_block++;
357 if (((i - EXT2_DIRECT - bpib - bpib * bpib) %
358 (((unsigned long long)bpib) * bpib * bpib)) == 0)
359 last_block++;
360 }
361 rc = get_bmap(fd, i, &block);
362 if (rc < 0)
363 return rc;
364 if (block == 0)
365 continue;
366
367 if (*num_extents == 0 || block != last_block + 1 ||
368 fm_ext.fe_logical + fm_ext.fe_length != logical) {
369 /*
370 * This is the start of a new extent; figure out where
371 * we expected it to be and report the extent.
372 */
373 if (*num_extents != 0 && fm_last.fe_length) {
374 expected = fm_last.fe_physical +
375 (fm_ext.fe_logical - fm_last.fe_logical);
376 if (expected == fm_ext.fe_physical)
377 expected = 0;
378 }
379 if (force_extent && *num_extents == 0)
380 print_extent_header();
381 if (force_extent && *num_extents != 0) {
382 print_extent_info(&fm_ext, *num_extents - 1,
383 expected, blk_shift, st);
384 }
385 if (verbose && expected != 0) {
386 printf("Discontinuity: Block %llu is at %llu "
387 "(was %llu)\n",
388 (unsigned long long) (fm_ext.fe_logical / st->st_blksize),
389 (unsigned long long) (fm_ext.fe_physical / st->st_blksize),
390 (unsigned long long) (expected / st->st_blksize));
391 }
392 /* create the new extent */
393 fm_last = fm_ext;
394 (*num_extents)++;
395 fm_ext.fe_physical = block * st->st_blksize;
396 fm_ext.fe_logical = logical;
397 fm_ext.fe_length = 0;
398 }
399 fm_ext.fe_length += st->st_blksize;
400 last_block = block;
401 }
402 if (force_extent && *num_extents != 0) {
403 if (fm_last.fe_length) {
404 expected = fm_last.fe_physical +
405 (fm_ext.fe_logical - fm_last.fe_logical);
406 if (expected == fm_ext.fe_physical)
407 expected = 0;
408 }
409 print_extent_info(&fm_ext, *num_extents - 1, expected,
410 blk_shift, st);
411 }
412
413 return count;
414 }
415
frag_report(const char * filename)416 static int frag_report(const char *filename)
417 {
418 static struct statfs fsinfo;
419 static unsigned int blksize;
420 ext2fs_struct_stat st;
421 int blk_shift;
422 long fd;
423 unsigned long long numblocks;
424 int data_blocks_per_cyl = 1;
425 int num_extents = 1, expected = ~0;
426 int is_ext2 = 0;
427 static dev_t last_device;
428 int width;
429 int rc = 0;
430
431 #if defined(HAVE_OPEN64) && !defined(__OSX_AVAILABLE_BUT_DEPRECATED)
432 fd = open64(filename, O_RDONLY);
433 #else
434 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
435 #endif
436 if (fd < 0) {
437 rc = -errno;
438 perror("open");
439 return rc;
440 }
441
442 #if defined(HAVE_FSTAT64) && !defined(__OSX_AVAILABLE_BUT_DEPRECATED)
443 if (fstat64(fd, &st) < 0) {
444 #else
445 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
446 #endif
447 rc = -errno;
448 perror("stat");
449 goto out_close;
450 }
451
452 if ((last_device != st.st_dev) || !st.st_dev) {
453 if (fstatfs(fd, &fsinfo) < 0) {
454 rc = -errno;
455 perror("fstatfs");
456 goto out_close;
457 }
458 if ((ioctl(fd, FIGETBSZ, &blksize) < 0) || !blksize)
459 blksize = fsinfo.f_bsize;
460 if (verbose)
461 printf("Filesystem type is: %lx\n",
462 (unsigned long)fsinfo.f_type);
463 }
464 st.st_blksize = blksize;
465 if (fsinfo.f_type == 0xef51 || fsinfo.f_type == 0xef52 ||
466 fsinfo.f_type == 0xef53) {
467 unsigned int flags;
468
469 if (ioctl(fd, EXT3_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) == 0 &&
470 !(flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL))
471 is_ext2 = 1;
472 }
473
474 if (is_ext2) {
475 long cylgroups = div_ceil(fsinfo.f_blocks, blksize * 8);
476
477 if (verbose && last_device != st.st_dev)
478 printf("Filesystem cylinder groups approximately %ld\n",
479 cylgroups);
480
481 data_blocks_per_cyl = blksize * 8 -
482 (fsinfo.f_files / 8 / cylgroups) - 3;
483 }
484 last_device = st.st_dev;
485
486 width = ulong_log10(fsinfo.f_blocks);
487 if (width > physical_width)
488 physical_width = width;
489
490 numblocks = (st.st_size + blksize - 1) / blksize;
491 if (blocksize != 0)
492 blk_shift = ulong_log2(blocksize);
493 else
494 blk_shift = ulong_log2(blksize);
495
496 if (use_extent_cache)
497 width = 10;
498 else
499 width = ulong_log10(numblocks);
500 if (width > logical_width)
501 logical_width = width;
502 if (verbose) {
503 __u32 state;
504
505 printf("File size of %s is %llu (%llu block%s of %d bytes)",
506 filename, (unsigned long long) st.st_size,
507 (unsigned long long) (numblocks * blksize >> blk_shift),
508 numblocks == 1 ? "" : "s", 1 << blk_shift);
509 if (use_extent_cache &&
510 ioctl(fd, EXT4_IOC_GETSTATE, &state) == 0 &&
511 (state & EXT4_STATE_FLAG_EXT_PRECACHED))
512 fputs(" -- pre-cached", stdout);
513 fputc('\n', stdout);
514 }
515
516 if (!force_bmap) {
517 rc = filefrag_fiemap(fd, blk_shift, &num_extents, &st);
518 expected = 0;
519 if (rc < 0 &&
520 (use_extent_cache || precache_file || xattr_map)) {
521 if (rc != -EBADR)
522 fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n ",
523 filename,
524 use_extent_cache ?
525 "EXT4_IOC_GET_ES_CACHE" :
526 "FS_IOC_FIEMAP", strerror(-rc));
527 goto out_close;
528 }
529 }
530
531 if (force_bmap || rc < 0) { /* FIEMAP failed, try FIBMAP instead */
532 expected = filefrag_fibmap(fd, blk_shift, &num_extents,
533 &st, numblocks, is_ext2);
534 if (expected < 0) {
535 if (expected == -EINVAL || expected == -ENOTTY) {
536 fprintf(stderr, "%s: FIBMAP%s unsupported\n",
537 filename, force_bmap ? "" : "/FIEMAP");
538 } else if (expected == -EPERM) {
539 fprintf(stderr,
540 "%s: FIBMAP requires root privileges\n",
541 filename);
542 } else {
543 fprintf(stderr, "%s: FIBMAP error: %s",
544 filename, strerror(expected));
545 }
546 rc = expected;
547 goto out_close;
548 } else {
549 rc = 0;
550 }
551 expected = expected / data_blocks_per_cyl + 1;
552 }
553
554 if (num_extents == 1)
555 printf("%s: 1 extent found", filename);
556 else
557 printf("%s: %d extents found", filename, num_extents);
558 /* count, and thus expected, only set for indirect FIBMAP'd files */
559 if (is_ext2 && expected && expected < num_extents)
560 printf(", perfection would be %d extent%s\n", expected,
561 (expected > 1) ? "s" : "");
562 else
563 fputc('\n', stdout);
564 out_close:
565 close(fd);
566
567 return rc;
568 }
569
570 static void usage(const char *progname)
571 {
572 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-b{blocksize}[KMG]] [-BeEksvxX] file ...\n",
573 progname);
574 exit(1);
575 }
576
577 int main(int argc, char**argv)
578 {
579 char **cpp;
580 int rc = 0, c;
581 int version = 0;
582
583 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Bb::eEkPsvVxX")) != EOF) {
584 switch (c) {
585 case 'B':
586 force_bmap++;
587 break;
588 case 'b':
589 if (optarg) {
590 char *end;
591 unsigned long val;
592
593 val = strtoul(optarg, &end, 0);
594 if (end) {
595 #if __GNUC_PREREQ (7, 0)
596 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
597 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wimplicit-fallthrough"
598 #endif
599 switch (end[0]) {
600 case 'g':
601 case 'G':
602 val *= 1024;
603 /* fall through */
604 case 'm':
605 case 'M':
606 val *= 1024;
607 /* fall through */
608 case 'k':
609 case 'K':
610 val *= 1024;
611 break;
612 default:
613 break;
614 }
615 #if __GNUC_PREREQ (7, 0)
616 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
617 #endif
618 }
619 /* Specifying too large a blocksize will just
620 * shift all extents down to zero length. Even
621 * 1GB is questionable, but caveat emptor. */
622 if (val > 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
623 fprintf(stderr,
624 "%s: blocksize %lu over 1GB\n",
625 argv[0], val);
626 usage(argv[0]);
627 }
628 blocksize = val;
629 } else { /* Allow -b without argument for compat. Remove
630 * this eventually so "-b {blocksize}" works */
631 fprintf(stderr, "%s: -b needs a blocksize "
632 "option, assuming 1024-byte blocks.\n",
633 argv[0]);
634 blocksize = 1024;
635 }
636 break;
637 case 'E':
638 use_extent_cache++;
639 /* fallthrough */
640 case 'e':
641 force_extent++;
642 if (!verbose)
643 verbose++;
644 break;
645 case 'k':
646 blocksize = 1024;
647 break;
648 case 'P':
649 precache_file++;
650 break;
651 case 's':
652 sync_file++;
653 break;
654 case 'v':
655 verbose++;
656 break;
657 case 'V':
658 version++;
659 break;
660 case 'x':
661 xattr_map++;
662 break;
663 case 'X':
664 ext_fmt = hex_fmt;
665 break;
666 default:
667 usage(argv[0]);
668 break;
669 }
670 }
671 if (version) {
672 /* Print version number and exit */
673 printf("filefrag %s (%s)\n", E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
674 if (version + verbose > 1) {
675 char flags[256] = "";
676
677 print_flags(0xffffffff, flags, sizeof(flags), 0);
678 printf("supported: %s\n", flags);
679 }
680 exit(0);
681 }
682
683 if (optind == argc)
684 usage(argv[0]);
685
686 for (cpp = argv + optind; *cpp != NULL; cpp++) {
687 int rc2 = frag_report(*cpp);
688
689 if (rc2 < 0 && rc == 0)
690 rc = rc2;
691 }
692
693 return -rc;
694 }
695 #endif
696