1go-sqlite3
2==========
3
4[![GoDoc Reference](https://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3?status.svg)](http://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
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8[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
9
10Latest stable version is v1.14 or later, not v2.
11
12~~**NOTE:** The increase to v2 was an accident. There were no major changes or features.~~
13
14# Description
15
16A sqlite3 driver that conforms to the built-in database/sql interface.
17
18Supported Golang version: See [.github/workflows/go.yaml](./.github/workflows/go.yaml).
19
20This package follows the official [Golang Release Policy](https://golang.org/doc/devel/release.html#policy).
21
22### Overview
23
24- [go-sqlite3](#go-sqlite3)
25- [Description](#description)
26    - [Overview](#overview)
27- [Installation](#installation)
28- [API Reference](#api-reference)
29- [Connection String](#connection-string)
30  - [DSN Examples](#dsn-examples)
31- [Features](#features)
32    - [Usage](#usage)
33    - [Feature / Extension List](#feature--extension-list)
34- [Compilation](#compilation)
35  - [Android](#android)
36- [ARM](#arm)
37- [Cross Compile](#cross-compile)
38- [Google Cloud Platform](#google-cloud-platform)
39  - [Linux](#linux)
40    - [Alpine](#alpine)
41    - [Fedora](#fedora)
42    - [Ubuntu](#ubuntu)
43  - [Mac OSX](#mac-osx)
44  - [Windows](#windows)
45  - [Errors](#errors)
46- [User Authentication](#user-authentication)
47  - [Compile](#compile)
48  - [Usage](#usage-1)
49    - [Create protected database](#create-protected-database)
50    - [Password Encoding](#password-encoding)
51      - [Available Encoders](#available-encoders)
52    - [Restrictions](#restrictions)
53    - [Support](#support)
54    - [User Management](#user-management)
55      - [SQL](#sql)
56        - [Examples](#examples)
57      - [*SQLiteConn](#sqliteconn)
58    - [Attached database](#attached-database)
59- [Extensions](#extensions)
60  - [Spatialite](#spatialite)
61- [FAQ](#faq)
62- [License](#license)
63- [Author](#author)
64
65# Installation
66
67This package can be installed with the `go get` command:
68
69    go get github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3
70
71_go-sqlite3_ is *cgo* package.
72If you want to build your app using go-sqlite3, you need gcc.
73However, after you have built and installed _go-sqlite3_ with `go install github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3` (which requires gcc), you can build your app without relying on gcc in future.
74
75***Important: because this is a `CGO` enabled package, you are required to set the environment variable `CGO_ENABLED=1` and have a `gcc` compile present within your path.***
76
77# API Reference
78
79API documentation can be found [here](http://godoc.org/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3).
80
81Examples can be found under the [examples](./_example) directory.
82
83# Connection String
84
85When creating a new SQLite database or connection to an existing one, with the file name additional options can be given.
86This is also known as a DSN (Data Source Name) string.
87
88Options are append after the filename of the SQLite database.
89The database filename and options are separated by an `?` (Question Mark).
90Options should be URL-encoded (see [url.QueryEscape](https://golang.org/pkg/net/url/#QueryEscape)).
91
92This also applies when using an in-memory database instead of a file.
93
94Options can be given using the following format: `KEYWORD=VALUE` and multiple options can be combined with the `&` ampersand.
95
96This library supports DSN options of SQLite itself and provides additional options.
97
98Boolean values can be one of:
99* `0` `no` `false` `off`
100* `1` `yes` `true` `on`
101
102| Name | Key | Value(s) | Description |
103|------|-----|----------|-------------|
104| UA - Create | `_auth` | - | Create User Authentication, for more information see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) |
105| UA - Username | `_auth_user` | `string` | Username for User Authentication, for more information see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) |
106| UA - Password | `_auth_pass` | `string` | Password for User Authentication, for more information see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) |
107| UA - Crypt | `_auth_crypt` | <ul><li>SHA1</li><li>SSHA1</li><li>SHA256</li><li>SSHA256</li><li>SHA384</li><li>SSHA384</li><li>SHA512</li><li>SSHA512</li></ul> | Password encoder to use for User Authentication, for more information see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) |
108| UA - Salt | `_auth_salt` | `string` | Salt to use if the configure password encoder requires a salt, for User Authentication, for more information see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) |
109| Auto Vacuum | `_auto_vacuum` \| `_vacuum` | <ul><li>`0` \| `none`</li><li>`1` \| `full`</li><li>`2` \| `incremental`</li></ul> | For more information see [PRAGMA auto_vacuum](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_auto_vacuum) |
110| Busy Timeout | `_busy_timeout` \| `_timeout` | `int` | Specify value for sqlite3_busy_timeout. For more information see [PRAGMA busy_timeout](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_busy_timeout) |
111| Case Sensitive LIKE | `_case_sensitive_like` \| `_cslike` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA case_sensitive_like](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_case_sensitive_like) |
112| Defer Foreign Keys | `_defer_foreign_keys` \| `_defer_fk` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA defer_foreign_keys](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_defer_foreign_keys) |
113| Foreign Keys | `_foreign_keys` \| `_fk` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA foreign_keys](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_foreign_keys) |
114| Ignore CHECK Constraints | `_ignore_check_constraints` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA ignore_check_constraints](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_ignore_check_constraints) |
115| Immutable | `immutable` | `boolean` | For more information see [Immutable](https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/open.html) |
116| Journal Mode | `_journal_mode` \| `_journal` | <ul><li>DELETE</li><li>TRUNCATE</li><li>PERSIST</li><li>MEMORY</li><li>WAL</li><li>OFF</li></ul> | For more information see [PRAGMA journal_mode](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_journal_mode) |
117| Locking Mode | `_locking_mode` \| `_locking` | <ul><li>NORMAL</li><li>EXCLUSIVE</li></ul> | For more information see [PRAGMA locking_mode](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_locking_mode) |
118| Mode | `mode` | <ul><li>ro</li><li>rw</li><li>rwc</li><li>memory</li></ul> | Access Mode of the database. For more information see [SQLite Open](https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/open.html) |
119| Mutex Locking | `_mutex` | <ul><li>no</li><li>full</li></ul> | Specify mutex mode. |
120| Query Only | `_query_only` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA query_only](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_query_only) |
121| Recursive Triggers | `_recursive_triggers` \| `_rt` | `boolean` | For more information see [PRAGMA recursive_triggers](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_recursive_triggers) |
122| Secure Delete | `_secure_delete` | `boolean` \| `FAST` | For more information see [PRAGMA secure_delete](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_secure_delete) |
123| Shared-Cache Mode | `cache` | <ul><li>shared</li><li>private</li></ul> | Set cache mode for more information see [sqlite.org](https://www.sqlite.org/sharedcache.html) |
124| Synchronous | `_synchronous` \| `_sync` | <ul><li>0 \| OFF</li><li>1 \| NORMAL</li><li>2 \| FULL</li><li>3 \| EXTRA</li></ul> | For more information see [PRAGMA synchronous](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_synchronous) |
125| Time Zone Location | `_loc` | auto | Specify location of time format. |
126| Transaction Lock | `_txlock` | <ul><li>immediate</li><li>deferred</li><li>exclusive</li></ul> | Specify locking behavior for transactions. |
127| Writable Schema | `_writable_schema` | `Boolean` | When this pragma is on, the SQLITE_MASTER tables in which database can be changed using ordinary UPDATE, INSERT, and DELETE statements. Warning: misuse of this pragma can easily result in a corrupt database file. |
128| Cache Size | `_cache_size` | `int` | Maximum cache size; default is 2000K (2M). See [PRAGMA cache_size](https://sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_cache_size) |
129
130
131## DSN Examples
132
133```
134file:test.db?cache=shared&mode=memory
135```
136
137# Features
138
139This package allows additional configuration of features available within SQLite3 to be enabled or disabled by golang build constraints also known as build `tags`.
140
141Click [here](https://golang.org/pkg/go/build/#hdr-Build_Constraints) for more information about build tags / constraints.
142
143### Usage
144
145If you wish to build this library with additional extensions / features, use the following command:
146
147```bash
148go build --tags "<FEATURE>"
149```
150
151For available features, see the extension list.
152When using multiple build tags, all the different tags should be space delimited.
153
154Example:
155
156```bash
157go build --tags "icu json1 fts5 secure_delete"
158```
159
160### Feature / Extension List
161
162| Extension | Build Tag | Description |
163|-----------|-----------|-------------|
164| Additional Statistics | sqlite_stat4 | This option adds additional logic to the ANALYZE command and to the query planner that can help SQLite to chose a better query plan under certain situations. The ANALYZE command is enhanced to collect histogram data from all columns of every index and store that data in the sqlite_stat4 table.<br><br>The query planner will then use the histogram data to help it make better index choices. The downside of this compile-time option is that it violates the query planner stability guarantee making it more difficult to ensure consistent performance in mass-produced applications.<br><br>SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4 is an enhancement of SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3. STAT3 only recorded histogram data for the left-most column of each index whereas the STAT4 enhancement records histogram data from all columns of each index.<br><br>The SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3 compile-time option is a no-op and is ignored if the SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4 compile-time option is used |
165| Allow URI Authority | sqlite_allow_uri_authority | URI filenames normally throws an error if the authority section is not either empty or "localhost".<br><br>However, if SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_ALLOW_URI_AUTHORITY compile-time option, then the URI is converted into a Uniform Naming Convention (UNC) filename and passed down to the underlying operating system that way |
166| App Armor | sqlite_app_armor | When defined, this C-preprocessor macro activates extra code that attempts to detect misuse of the SQLite API, such as passing in NULL pointers to required parameters or using objects after they have been destroyed. <br><br>App Armor is not available under `Windows`. |
167| Disable Load Extensions | sqlite_omit_load_extension | Loading of external extensions is enabled by default.<br><br>To disable extension loading add the build tag `sqlite_omit_load_extension`. |
168| Foreign Keys | sqlite_foreign_keys | This macro determines whether enforcement of foreign key constraints is enabled or disabled by default for new database connections.<br><br>Each database connection can always turn enforcement of foreign key constraints on and off and run-time using the foreign_keys pragma.<br><br>Enforcement of foreign key constraints is normally off by default, but if this compile-time parameter is set to 1, enforcement of foreign key constraints will be on by default |
169| Full Auto Vacuum | sqlite_vacuum_full | Set the default auto vacuum to full |
170| Incremental Auto Vacuum | sqlite_vacuum_incr | Set the default auto vacuum to incremental |
171| Full Text Search Engine | sqlite_fts5 | When this option is defined in the amalgamation, versions 5 of the full-text search engine (fts5) is added to the build automatically |
172|  International Components for Unicode | sqlite_icu | This option causes the International Components for Unicode or "ICU" extension to SQLite to be added to the build |
173| Introspect PRAGMAS | sqlite_introspect | This option adds some extra PRAGMA statements. <ul><li>PRAGMA function_list</li><li>PRAGMA module_list</li><li>PRAGMA pragma_list</li></ul> |
174| JSON SQL Functions | sqlite_json | When this option is defined in the amalgamation, the JSON SQL functions are added to the build automatically |
175| Pre Update Hook | sqlite_preupdate_hook | Registers a callback function that is invoked prior to each INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operation on a database table. |
176| Secure Delete | sqlite_secure_delete | This compile-time option changes the default setting of the secure_delete pragma.<br><br>When this option is not used, secure_delete defaults to off. When this option is present, secure_delete defaults to on.<br><br>The secure_delete setting causes deleted content to be overwritten with zeros. There is a small performance penalty since additional I/O must occur.<br><br>On the other hand, secure_delete can prevent fragments of sensitive information from lingering in unused parts of the database file after it has been deleted. See the documentation on the secure_delete pragma for additional information |
177| Secure Delete (FAST) | sqlite_secure_delete_fast | For more information see [PRAGMA secure_delete](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_secure_delete) |
178| Tracing / Debug | sqlite_trace | Activate trace functions |
179| User Authentication | sqlite_userauth | SQLite User Authentication see [User Authentication](#user-authentication) for more information. |
180
181# Compilation
182
183This package requires the `CGO_ENABLED=1` ennvironment variable if not set by default, and the presence of the `gcc` compiler.
184
185If you need to add additional CFLAGS or LDFLAGS to the build command, and do not want to modify this package, then this can be achieved by using the `CGO_CFLAGS` and `CGO_LDFLAGS` environment variables.
186
187## Android
188
189This package can be compiled for android.
190Compile with:
191
192```bash
193go build --tags "android"
194```
195
196For more information see [#201](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/201)
197
198# ARM
199
200To compile for `ARM` use the following environment:
201
202```bash
203env CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ \
204    CGO_ENABLED=1 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 \
205    go build -v
206```
207
208Additional information:
209- [#242](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/242)
210- [#504](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/504)
211
212# Cross Compile
213
214This library can be cross-compiled.
215
216In some cases you are required to the `CC` environment variable with the cross compiler.
217
218## Cross Compiling from MAC OSX
219The simplest way to cross compile from OSX is to use [xgo](https://github.com/karalabe/xgo).
220
221Steps:
222- Install [xgo](https://github.com/karalabe/xgo) (`go get github.com/karalabe/xgo`).
223- Ensure that your project is within your `GOPATH`.
224- Run `xgo local/path/to/project`.
225
226Please refer to the project's [README](https://github.com/karalabe/xgo/blob/master/README.md) for further information.
227
228# Google Cloud Platform
229
230Building on GCP is not possible because Google Cloud Platform does not allow `gcc` to be executed.
231
232Please work only with compiled final binaries.
233
234## Linux
235
236To compile this package on Linux, you must install the development tools for your linux distribution.
237
238To compile under linux use the build tag `linux`.
239
240```bash
241go build --tags "linux"
242```
243
244If you wish to link directly to libsqlite3 then you can use the `libsqlite3` build tag.
245
246```
247go build --tags "libsqlite3 linux"
248```
249
250### Alpine
251
252When building in an `alpine` container  run the following command before building:
253
254```
255apk add --update gcc musl-dev
256```
257
258### Fedora
259
260```bash
261sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" "Development Libraries"
262```
263
264### Ubuntu
265
266```bash
267sudo apt-get install build-essential
268```
269
270## Mac OSX
271
272OSX should have all the tools present to compile this package. If not, install XCode to add all the developers tools.
273
274Required dependency:
275
276```bash
277brew install sqlite3
278```
279
280For OSX, there is an additional package to install which is required if you wish to build the `icu` extension.
281
282This additional package can be installed with `homebrew`:
283
284```bash
285brew upgrade icu4c
286```
287
288To compile for Mac OSX:
289
290```bash
291go build --tags "darwin"
292```
293
294If you wish to link directly to libsqlite3, use the `libsqlite3` build tag:
295
296```
297go build --tags "libsqlite3 darwin"
298```
299
300Additional information:
301- [#206](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/206)
302- [#404](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/404)
303
304## Windows
305
306To compile this package on Windows, you must have the `gcc` compiler installed.
307
3081) Install a Windows `gcc` toolchain.
3092) Add the `bin` folder to the Windows path, if the installer did not do this by default.
3103) Open a terminal for the TDM-GCC toolchain, which can be found in the Windows Start menu.
3114) Navigate to your project folder and run the `go build ...` command for this package.
312
313For example the TDM-GCC Toolchain can be found [here](https://jmeubank.github.io/tdm-gcc/).
314
315## Errors
316
317- Compile error: `can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC`
318
319    When receiving a compile time error referencing recompile with `-FPIC` then you
320    are probably using a hardend system.
321
322    You can compile the library on a hardend system with the following command.
323
324    ```bash
325    go build -ldflags '-extldflags=-fno-PIC'
326    ```
327
328    More details see [#120](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/120)
329
330- Can't build go-sqlite3 on windows 64bit.
331
332    > Probably, you are using go 1.0, go1.0 has a problem when it comes to compiling/linking on windows 64bit.
333    > See: [#27](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/27)
334
335- `go get github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3` throws compilation error.
336
337    `gcc` throws: `internal compiler error`
338
339    Remove the download repository from your disk and try re-install with:
340
341    ```bash
342    go install github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3
343    ```
344
345# User Authentication
346
347This package supports the SQLite User Authentication module.
348
349## Compile
350
351To use the User authentication module, the package has to be compiled with the tag `sqlite_userauth`. See [Features](#features).
352
353## Usage
354
355### Create protected database
356
357To create a database protected by user authentication, provide the following argument to the connection string `_auth`.
358This will enable user authentication within the database. This option however requires two additional arguments:
359
360- `_auth_user`
361- `_auth_pass`
362
363When `_auth` is present in the connection string user authentication will be enabled and the provided user will be created
364as an `admin` user. After initial creation, the parameter `_auth` has no effect anymore and can be omitted from the connection string.
365
366Example connection strings:
367
368Create an user authentication database with user `admin` and password `admin`:
369
370`file:test.s3db?_auth&_auth_user=admin&_auth_pass=admin`
371
372Create an user authentication database with user `admin` and password `admin` and use `SHA1` for the password encoding:
373
374`file:test.s3db?_auth&_auth_user=admin&_auth_pass=admin&_auth_crypt=sha1`
375
376### Password Encoding
377
378The passwords within the user authentication module of SQLite are encoded with the SQLite function `sqlite_cryp`.
379This function uses a ceasar-cypher which is quite insecure.
380This library provides several additional password encoders which can be configured through the connection string.
381
382The password cypher can be configured with the key `_auth_crypt`. And if the configured password encoder also requires an
383salt this can be configured with `_auth_salt`.
384
385#### Available Encoders
386
387- SHA1
388- SSHA1 (Salted SHA1)
389- SHA256
390- SSHA256 (salted SHA256)
391- SHA384
392- SSHA384 (salted SHA384)
393- SHA512
394- SSHA512 (salted SHA512)
395
396### Restrictions
397
398Operations on the database regarding user management can only be preformed by an administrator user.
399
400### Support
401
402The user authentication supports two kinds of users:
403
404- administrators
405- regular users
406
407### User Management
408
409User management can be done by directly using the `*SQLiteConn` or by SQL.
410
411#### SQL
412
413The following sql functions are available for user management:
414
415| Function | Arguments | Description |
416|----------|-----------|-------------|
417| `authenticate` | username `string`, password `string` | Will authenticate an user, this is done by the connection; and should not be used manually. |
418| `auth_user_add` | username `string`, password `string`, admin `int` | This function will add an user to the database.<br>if the database is not protected by user authentication it will enable it. Argument `admin` is an integer identifying if the added user should be an administrator. Only Administrators can add administrators. |
419| `auth_user_change` | username `string`, password `string`, admin `int` | Function to modify an user. Users can change their own password, but only an administrator can change the administrator flag. |
420| `authUserDelete` | username `string` | Delete an user from the database. Can only be used by an administrator. The current logged in administrator cannot be deleted. This is to make sure their is always an administrator remaining. |
421
422These functions will return an integer:
423
424- 0 (SQLITE_OK)
425- 23 (SQLITE_AUTH) Failed to perform due to authentication or insufficient privileges
426
427##### Examples
428
429```sql
430// Autheticate user
431// Create Admin User
432SELECT auth_user_add('admin2', 'admin2', 1);
433
434// Change password for user
435SELECT auth_user_change('user', 'userpassword', 0);
436
437// Delete user
438SELECT user_delete('user');
439```
440
441#### *SQLiteConn
442
443The following functions are available for User authentication from the `*SQLiteConn`:
444
445| Function | Description |
446|----------|-------------|
447| `Authenticate(username, password string) error` | Authenticate user |
448| `AuthUserAdd(username, password string, admin bool) error` | Add user |
449| `AuthUserChange(username, password string, admin bool) error` | Modify user |
450| `AuthUserDelete(username string) error` | Delete user |
451
452### Attached database
453
454When using attached databases, SQLite will use the authentication from the `main` database for the attached database(s).
455
456# Extensions
457
458If you want your own extension to be listed here, or you want to add a reference to an extension; please submit an Issue for this.
459
460## Spatialite
461
462Spatialite is available as an extension to SQLite, and can be used in combination with this repository.
463For an example, see [shaxbee/go-spatialite](https://github.com/shaxbee/go-spatialite).
464
465## extension-functions.c from SQLite3 Contrib
466
467extension-functions.c is available as an extension to SQLite, and provides the following functions:
468
469- Math: acos, asin, atan, atn2, atan2, acosh, asinh, atanh, difference, degrees, radians, cos, sin, tan, cot, cosh, sinh, tanh, coth, exp, log, log10, power, sign, sqrt, square, ceil, floor, pi.
470- String: replicate, charindex, leftstr, rightstr, ltrim, rtrim, trim, replace, reverse, proper, padl, padr, padc, strfilter.
471- Aggregate: stdev, variance, mode, median, lower_quartile, upper_quartile
472
473For an example, see [dinedal/go-sqlite3-extension-functions](https://github.com/dinedal/go-sqlite3-extension-functions).
474
475# FAQ
476
477- Getting insert error while query is opened.
478
479    > You can pass some arguments into the connection string, for example, a URI.
480    > See: [#39](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/39)
481
482- Do you want to cross compile? mingw on Linux or Mac?
483
484    > See: [#106](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/106)
485    > See also: http://www.limitlessfx.com/cross-compile-golang-app-for-windows-from-linux.html
486
487- Want to get time.Time with current locale
488
489    Use `_loc=auto` in SQLite3 filename schema like `file:foo.db?_loc=auto`.
490
491- Can I use this in multiple routines concurrently?
492
493    Yes for readonly. But not for writable. See [#50](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/50), [#51](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/51), [#209](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/209), [#274](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/274).
494
495- Why I'm getting `no such table` error?
496
497    Why is it racy if I use a `sql.Open("sqlite3", ":memory:")` database?
498
499    Each connection to `":memory:"` opens a brand new in-memory sql database, so if
500    the stdlib's sql engine happens to open another connection and you've only
501    specified `":memory:"`, that connection will see a brand new database. A
502    workaround is to use `"file::memory:?cache=shared"` (or `"file:foobar?mode=memory&cache=shared"`). Every
503    connection to this string will point to the same in-memory database.
504
505    Note that if the last database connection in the pool closes, the in-memory database is deleted. Make sure the [max idle connection limit](https://golang.org/pkg/database/sql/#DB.SetMaxIdleConns) is > 0, and the [connection lifetime](https://golang.org/pkg/database/sql/#DB.SetConnMaxLifetime) is infinite.
506
507    For more information see:
508    * [#204](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/204)
509    * [#511](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/511)
510    * https://www.sqlite.org/sharedcache.html#shared_cache_and_in_memory_databases
511    * https://www.sqlite.org/inmemorydb.html#sharedmemdb
512
513- Reading from database with large amount of goroutines fails on OSX.
514
515    OS X limits OS-wide to not have more than 1000 files open simultaneously by default.
516
517    For more information, see [#289](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/289)
518
519- Trying to execute a `.` (dot) command throws an error.
520
521    Error: `Error: near ".": syntax error`
522    Dot command are part of SQLite3 CLI, not of this library.
523
524    You need to implement the feature or call the sqlite3 cli.
525
526    More information see [#305](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/305).
527
528- Error: `database is locked`
529
530    When you get a database is locked, please use the following options.
531
532    Add to DSN: `cache=shared`
533
534    Example:
535    ```go
536    db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:locked.sqlite?cache=shared")
537    ```
538
539    Next, please set the database connections of the SQL package to 1:
540
541    ```go
542    db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
543    ```
544
545    For more information, see [#209](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/209).
546
547## Contributors
548
549### Code Contributors
550
551This project exists thanks to all the people who [[contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md)].
552<a href="https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a>
553
554### Financial Contributors
555
556Become a financial contributor and help us sustain our community. [[Contribute here](https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/contribute)].
557
558#### Individuals
559
560<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/individuals.svg?width=890"></a>
561
562#### Organizations
563
564Support this project with your organization. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website. [[Contribute](https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/contribute)]
565
566<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/0/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/0/avatar.svg"></a>
567<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/1/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/1/avatar.svg"></a>
568<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/2/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/2/avatar.svg"></a>
569<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/3/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/3/avatar.svg"></a>
570<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/4/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/4/avatar.svg"></a>
571<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/5/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/5/avatar.svg"></a>
572<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/6/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/6/avatar.svg"></a>
573<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/7/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/7/avatar.svg"></a>
574<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/8/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/8/avatar.svg"></a>
575<a href="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/9/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/mattn-go-sqlite3/organization/9/avatar.svg"></a>
576
577# License
578
579MIT: http://mattn.mit-license.org/2018
580
581sqlite3-binding.c, sqlite3-binding.h, sqlite3ext.h
582
583The -binding suffix was added to avoid build failures under gccgo.
584
585In this repository, those files are an amalgamation of code that was copied from SQLite3. The license of that code is the same as the license of SQLite3.
586
587# Author
588
589Yasuhiro Matsumoto (a.k.a mattn)
590
591G.J.R. Timmer
592