1 /* e_powf.c -- float version of e_pow.c.
2 * Conversion to float by Ian Lance Taylor, Cygnus Support, ian@cygnus.com.
3 */
4
5 /*
6 * ====================================================
7 * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
8 *
9 * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
10 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
11 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
12 * is preserved.
13 * ====================================================
14 */
15
16 #include "math.h"
17 #include "math_private.h"
18
19 static const volatile float huge = 1.0e+30, tiny = 1.0e-30;
20
21 static const float
22 bp[] = {1.0, 1.5,},
23 dp_h[] = { 0.0, 5.84960938e-01,}, /* 0x3f15c000 */
24 dp_l[] = { 0.0, 1.56322085e-06,}, /* 0x35d1cfdc */
25 zero = 0.0,
26 one = 1.0,
27 two = 2.0,
28 two24 = 16777216.0, /* 0x4b800000 */
29 /* poly coefs for (3/2)*(log(x)-2s-2/3*s**3 */
30 L1 = 6.0000002384e-01, /* 0x3f19999a */
31 L2 = 4.2857143283e-01, /* 0x3edb6db7 */
32 L3 = 3.3333334327e-01, /* 0x3eaaaaab */
33 L4 = 2.7272811532e-01, /* 0x3e8ba305 */
34 L5 = 2.3066075146e-01, /* 0x3e6c3255 */
35 L6 = 2.0697501302e-01, /* 0x3e53f142 */
36 P1 = 1.6666667163e-01, /* 0x3e2aaaab */
37 P2 = -2.7777778450e-03, /* 0xbb360b61 */
38 P3 = 6.6137559770e-05, /* 0x388ab355 */
39 P4 = -1.6533901999e-06, /* 0xb5ddea0e */
40 P5 = 4.1381369442e-08, /* 0x3331bb4c */
41 lg2 = 6.9314718246e-01, /* 0x3f317218 */
42 lg2_h = 6.93145752e-01, /* 0x3f317200 */
43 lg2_l = 1.42860654e-06, /* 0x35bfbe8c */
44 ovt = 4.2995665694e-08, /* -(128-log2(ovfl+.5ulp)) */
45 cp = 9.6179670095e-01, /* 0x3f76384f =2/(3ln2) */
46 cp_h = 9.6179199219e-01, /* 0x3f763800 =head of cp */
47 cp_l = 4.7017383622e-06, /* 0x369dc3a0 =tail of cp_h */
48 ivln2 = 1.4426950216e+00, /* 0x3fb8aa3b =1/ln2 */
49 ivln2_h = 1.4426879883e+00, /* 0x3fb8aa00 =16b 1/ln2*/
50 ivln2_l = 7.0526075433e-06; /* 0x36eca570 =1/ln2 tail*/
51
52 float
powf(float x,float y)53 powf(float x, float y)
54 {
55 float z,ax,z_h,z_l,p_h,p_l;
56 float yy1,t1,t2,r,s,t,u,v,w;
57 int32_t i,j,k,yisint,n;
58 int32_t hx,hy,ix,iy,is;
59
60 GET_FLOAT_WORD(hx,x);
61 GET_FLOAT_WORD(hy,y);
62 ix = hx&0x7fffffff; iy = hy&0x7fffffff;
63
64 /* y==zero: x**0 = 1 */
65 if(iy==0) return one;
66
67 /* x==1: 1**y = 1, even if y is NaN */
68 if (hx==0x3f800000) return one;
69
70 /* +-NaN return x+y */
71 if(ix > 0x7f800000 ||
72 iy > 0x7f800000)
73 return x+y;
74
75 /* determine if y is an odd int when x < 0
76 * yisint = 0 ... y is not an integer
77 * yisint = 1 ... y is an odd int
78 * yisint = 2 ... y is an even int
79 */
80 yisint = 0;
81 if(hx<0) {
82 if(iy>=0x4b800000) yisint = 2; /* even integer y */
83 else if(iy>=0x3f800000) {
84 k = (iy>>23)-0x7f; /* exponent */
85 j = iy>>(23-k);
86 if((j<<(23-k))==iy) yisint = 2-(j&1);
87 }
88 }
89
90 /* special value of y */
91 if (iy==0x7f800000) { /* y is +-inf */
92 if (ix==0x3f800000)
93 return one; /* (-1)**+-inf is NaN */
94 else if (ix > 0x3f800000)/* (|x|>1)**+-inf = inf,0 */
95 return (hy>=0)? y: zero;
96 else /* (|x|<1)**-,+inf = inf,0 */
97 return (hy<0)?-y: zero;
98 }
99 if(iy==0x3f800000) { /* y is +-1 */
100 if(hy<0) return one/x; else return x;
101 }
102 if(hy==0x40000000) return x*x; /* y is 2 */
103 if(hy==0x3f000000) { /* y is 0.5 */
104 if(hx>=0) /* x >= +0 */
105 return sqrtf(x);
106 }
107
108 ax = fabsf(x);
109 /* special value of x */
110 if(ix==0x7f800000||ix==0||ix==0x3f800000){
111 z = ax; /*x is +-0,+-inf,+-1*/
112 if(hy<0) z = one/z; /* z = (1/|x|) */
113 if(hx<0) {
114 if(((ix-0x3f800000)|yisint)==0) {
115 z = (z-z)/(z-z); /* (-1)**non-int is NaN */
116 } else if(yisint==1)
117 z = -z; /* (x<0)**odd = -(|x|**odd) */
118 }
119 return z;
120 }
121
122 /* (x<0)**(non-int) is NaN */
123 if(((((u_int32_t)hx>>31)-1)|yisint)==0) return (x-x)/(x-x);
124
125 /* |y| is huge */
126 if(iy>0x4d000000) { /* if |y| > 2**27 */
127 /* over/underflow if x is not close to one */
128 if(ix<0x3f7ffff8) return (hy<0)? huge*huge:tiny*tiny;
129 if(ix>0x3f800007) return (hy>0)? huge*huge:tiny*tiny;
130 /* now |1-x| is tiny <= 2**-20, suffice to compute
131 log(x) by x-x^2/2+x^3/3-x^4/4 */
132 t = ax-one; /* t has 20 trailing zeros */
133 w = (t*t)*((float)0.5-t*((float)0.333333333333-t*(float)0.25));
134 u = ivln2_h*t; /* ivln2_h has 16 sig. bits */
135 v = t*ivln2_l-w*ivln2;
136 t1 = u+v;
137 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,t1);
138 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t1,is&0xfffff000);
139 t2 = v-(t1-u);
140 } else {
141 float s2,s_h,s_l,t_h,t_l;
142 n = 0;
143 /* take care subnormal number */
144 if(ix<0x00800000)
145 {ax *= two24; n -= 24; GET_FLOAT_WORD(ix,ax); }
146 n += ((ix)>>23)-0x7f;
147 j = ix&0x007fffff;
148 /* determine interval */
149 ix = j|0x3f800000; /* normalize ix */
150 if(j<=0x1cc471) k=0; /* |x|<sqrt(3/2) */
151 else if(j<0x5db3d7) k=1; /* |x|<sqrt(3) */
152 else {k=0;n+=1;ix -= 0x00800000;}
153 SET_FLOAT_WORD(ax,ix);
154
155 /* compute s = s_h+s_l = (x-1)/(x+1) or (x-1.5)/(x+1.5) */
156 u = ax-bp[k]; /* bp[0]=1.0, bp[1]=1.5 */
157 v = one/(ax+bp[k]);
158 s = u*v;
159 s_h = s;
160 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,s_h);
161 SET_FLOAT_WORD(s_h,is&0xfffff000);
162 /* t_h=ax+bp[k] High */
163 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t_h,((ix>>1)|0x20000000)+0x0040000+(k<<21));
164 t_l = ax - (t_h-bp[k]);
165 s_l = v*((u-s_h*t_h)-s_h*t_l);
166 /* compute log(ax) */
167 s2 = s*s;
168 r = s2*s2*(L1+s2*(L2+s2*(L3+s2*(L4+s2*(L5+s2*L6)))));
169 r += s_l*(s_h+s);
170 s2 = s_h*s_h;
171 t_h = (float)3.0+s2+r;
172 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,t_h);
173 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t_h,is&0xfffff000);
174 t_l = r-((t_h-(float)3.0)-s2);
175 /* u+v = s*(1+...) */
176 u = s_h*t_h;
177 v = s_l*t_h+t_l*s;
178 /* 2/(3log2)*(s+...) */
179 p_h = u+v;
180 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,p_h);
181 SET_FLOAT_WORD(p_h,is&0xfffff000);
182 p_l = v-(p_h-u);
183 z_h = cp_h*p_h; /* cp_h+cp_l = 2/(3*log2) */
184 z_l = cp_l*p_h+p_l*cp+dp_l[k];
185 /* log2(ax) = (s+..)*2/(3*log2) = n + dp_h + z_h + z_l */
186 t = (float)n;
187 t1 = (((z_h+z_l)+dp_h[k])+t);
188 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,t1);
189 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t1,is&0xfffff000);
190 t2 = z_l-(((t1-t)-dp_h[k])-z_h);
191 }
192
193 s = one; /* s (sign of result -ve**odd) = -1 else = 1 */
194 if(((((u_int32_t)hx>>31)-1)|(yisint-1))==0)
195 s = -one; /* (-ve)**(odd int) */
196
197 /* split up y into yy1+y2 and compute (yy1+y2)*(t1+t2) */
198 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,y);
199 SET_FLOAT_WORD(yy1,is&0xfffff000);
200 p_l = (y-yy1)*t1+y*t2;
201 p_h = yy1*t1;
202 z = p_l+p_h;
203 GET_FLOAT_WORD(j,z);
204 if (j>0x43000000) /* if z > 128 */
205 return s*huge*huge; /* overflow */
206 else if (j==0x43000000) { /* if z == 128 */
207 if(p_l+ovt>z-p_h) return s*huge*huge; /* overflow */
208 }
209 else if ((j&0x7fffffff)>0x43160000) /* z <= -150 */
210 return s*tiny*tiny; /* underflow */
211 else if ((u_int32_t)j==0xc3160000){ /* z == -150 */
212 if(p_l<=z-p_h) return s*tiny*tiny; /* underflow */
213 }
214 /*
215 * compute 2**(p_h+p_l)
216 */
217 i = j&0x7fffffff;
218 k = (i>>23)-0x7f;
219 n = 0;
220 if(i>0x3f000000) { /* if |z| > 0.5, set n = [z+0.5] */
221 n = j+(0x00800000>>(k+1));
222 k = ((n&0x7fffffff)>>23)-0x7f; /* new k for n */
223 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t,n&~(0x007fffff>>k));
224 n = ((n&0x007fffff)|0x00800000)>>(23-k);
225 if(j<0) n = -n;
226 p_h -= t;
227 }
228 t = p_l+p_h;
229 GET_FLOAT_WORD(is,t);
230 SET_FLOAT_WORD(t,is&0xfffff000);
231 u = t*lg2_h;
232 v = (p_l-(t-p_h))*lg2+t*lg2_l;
233 z = u+v;
234 w = v-(z-u);
235 t = z*z;
236 t1 = z - t*(P1+t*(P2+t*(P3+t*(P4+t*P5))));
237 r = (z*t1)/(t1-two)-(w+z*w);
238 z = one-(r-z);
239 GET_FLOAT_WORD(j,z);
240 j += (n<<23);
241 if((j>>23)<=0) z = scalbnf(z,n); /* subnormal output */
242 else SET_FLOAT_WORD(z,j);
243 return s*z;
244 }
245