xref: /freebsd/contrib/xz/src/liblzma/api/lzma/filter.h (revision 3b35e7ee)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: 0BSD */
2 
3 /**
4  * \file        lzma/filter.h
5  * \brief       Common filter related types and functions
6  * \note        Never include this file directly. Use <lzma.h> instead.
7  */
8 
9 /*
10  * Author: Lasse Collin
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef LZMA_H_INTERNAL
14 #	error Never include this file directly. Use <lzma.h> instead.
15 #endif
16 
17 
18 /**
19  * \brief       Maximum number of filters in a chain
20  *
21  * A filter chain can have 1-4 filters, of which three are allowed to change
22  * the size of the data. Usually only one or two filters are needed.
23  */
24 #define LZMA_FILTERS_MAX 4
25 
26 
27 /**
28  * \brief       Filter options
29  *
30  * This structure is used to pass a Filter ID and a pointer to the filter's
31  * options to liblzma. A few functions work with a single lzma_filter
32  * structure, while most functions expect a filter chain.
33  *
34  * A filter chain is indicated with an array of lzma_filter structures.
35  * The array is terminated with .id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN. Thus, the filter
36  * array must have LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1 elements (that is, five) to
37  * be able to hold any arbitrary filter chain. This is important when
38  * using lzma_block_header_decode() from block.h, because a filter array
39  * that is too small would make liblzma write past the end of the array.
40  */
41 typedef struct {
42 	/**
43 	 * \brief       Filter ID
44 	 *
45 	 * Use constants whose name begin with 'LZMA_FILTER_' to specify
46 	 * different filters. In an array of lzma_filter structures, use
47 	 * LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN to indicate end of filters.
48 	 *
49 	 * \note        This is not an enum, because on some systems enums
50 	 *              cannot be 64-bit.
51 	 */
52 	lzma_vli id;
53 
54 	/**
55 	 * \brief       Pointer to filter-specific options structure
56 	 *
57 	 * If the filter doesn't need options, set this to NULL. If id is
58 	 * set to LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN, options is ignored, and thus
59 	 * doesn't need be initialized.
60 	 */
61 	void *options;
62 
63 } lzma_filter;
64 
65 
66 /**
67  * \brief       Test if the given Filter ID is supported for encoding
68  *
69  * \param       id      Filter ID
70  *
71  * \return      lzma_bool:
72  *              - true if the Filter ID is supported for encoding by this
73  *                liblzma build.
74   *             - false otherwise.
75  */
76 extern LZMA_API(lzma_bool) lzma_filter_encoder_is_supported(lzma_vli id)
77 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_const;
78 
79 
80 /**
81  * \brief       Test if the given Filter ID is supported for decoding
82  *
83  * \param       id      Filter ID
84  *
85  * \return      lzma_bool:
86  *              - true if the Filter ID is supported for decoding by this
87  *                liblzma build.
88  *              - false otherwise.
89  */
90 extern LZMA_API(lzma_bool) lzma_filter_decoder_is_supported(lzma_vli id)
91 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_const;
92 
93 
94 /**
95  * \brief       Copy the filters array
96  *
97  * Copy the Filter IDs and filter-specific options from src to dest.
98  * Up to LZMA_FILTERS_MAX filters are copied, plus the terminating
99  * .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN. Thus, dest should have at least
100  * LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1 elements space unless the caller knows that
101  * src is smaller than that.
102  *
103  * Unless the filter-specific options is NULL, the Filter ID has to be
104  * supported by liblzma, because liblzma needs to know the size of every
105  * filter-specific options structure. The filter-specific options are not
106  * validated. If options is NULL, any unsupported Filter IDs are copied
107  * without returning an error.
108  *
109  * Old filter-specific options in dest are not freed, so dest doesn't
110  * need to be initialized by the caller in any way.
111  *
112  * If an error occurs, memory possibly already allocated by this function
113  * is always freed. liblzma versions older than 5.2.7 may modify the dest
114  * array and leave its contents in an undefined state if an error occurs.
115  * liblzma 5.2.7 and newer only modify the dest array when returning LZMA_OK.
116  *
117  * \param       src         Array of filters terminated with
118  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
119  * \param[out]  dest        Destination filter array
120  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
121  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
122  *
123  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
124  *              - LZMA_OK
125  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
126  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR: Unsupported Filter ID and its options
127  *                is not NULL.
128  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR: src or dest is NULL.
129  */
130 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_filters_copy(
131 		const lzma_filter *src, lzma_filter *dest,
132 		const lzma_allocator *allocator)
133 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
134 
135 
136 /**
137  * \brief       Free the options in the array of lzma_filter structures
138  *
139  * This frees the filter chain options. The filters array itself is not freed.
140  *
141  * The filters array must have at most LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1 elements
142  * including the terminating element which must have .id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
143  * For all elements before the terminating element:
144  *   - options will be freed using the given lzma_allocator or,
145  *     if allocator is NULL, using free().
146  *   - options will be set to NULL.
147  *   - id will be set to LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
148  *
149  * If filters is NULL, this does nothing. Again, this never frees the
150  * filters array itself.
151  *
152  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
153  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
154  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
155  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
156  */
157 extern LZMA_API(void) lzma_filters_free(
158 		lzma_filter *filters, const lzma_allocator *allocator)
159 		lzma_nothrow;
160 
161 
162 /**
163  * \brief       Calculate approximate memory requirements for raw encoder
164  *
165  * This function can be used to calculate the memory requirements for
166  * Block and Stream encoders too because Block and Stream encoders don't
167  * need significantly more memory than raw encoder.
168  *
169  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
170  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
171  *
172  * \return      Number of bytes of memory required for the given
173  *              filter chain when encoding or UINT64_MAX on error.
174  */
175 extern LZMA_API(uint64_t) lzma_raw_encoder_memusage(const lzma_filter *filters)
176 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_pure;
177 
178 
179 /**
180  * \brief       Calculate approximate memory requirements for raw decoder
181  *
182  * This function can be used to calculate the memory requirements for
183  * Block and Stream decoders too because Block and Stream decoders don't
184  * need significantly more memory than raw decoder.
185  *
186  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
187  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
188  *
189  * \return      Number of bytes of memory required for the given
190  *              filter chain when decoding or UINT64_MAX on error.
191  */
192 extern LZMA_API(uint64_t) lzma_raw_decoder_memusage(const lzma_filter *filters)
193 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_pure;
194 
195 
196 /**
197  * \brief       Initialize raw encoder
198  *
199  * This function may be useful when implementing custom file formats.
200  *
201  * The 'action' with lzma_code() can be LZMA_RUN, LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH (if the
202  * filter chain supports it), or LZMA_FINISH.
203  *
204  * \param       strm      Pointer to lzma_stream that is at least
205  *                        initialized with LZMA_STREAM_INIT.
206  * \param       filters   Array of filters terminated with
207  *                        .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
208  *
209  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
210  *              - LZMA_OK
211  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
212  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
213  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
214  */
215 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_raw_encoder(
216 		lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_filter *filters)
217 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
218 
219 
220 /**
221  * \brief       Initialize raw decoder
222  *
223  * The initialization of raw decoder goes similarly to raw encoder.
224  *
225  * The 'action' with lzma_code() can be LZMA_RUN or LZMA_FINISH. Using
226  * LZMA_FINISH is not required, it is supported just for convenience.
227  *
228  * \param       strm      Pointer to lzma_stream that is at least
229  *                        initialized with LZMA_STREAM_INIT.
230  * \param       filters   Array of filters terminated with
231  *                        .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
232  *
233  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
234  *              - LZMA_OK
235  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
236  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
237  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
238  */
239 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_raw_decoder(
240 		lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_filter *filters)
241 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
242 
243 
244 /**
245  * \brief       Update the filter chain in the encoder
246  *
247  * This function may be called after lzma_code() has returned LZMA_STREAM_END
248  * when LZMA_FULL_BARRIER, LZMA_FULL_FLUSH, or LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH was used:
249  *
250  *  - After LZMA_FULL_BARRIER or LZMA_FULL_FLUSH: Single-threaded .xz Stream
251  *    encoder (lzma_stream_encoder()) and (since liblzma 5.4.0) multi-threaded
252  *    Stream encoder (lzma_stream_encoder_mt()) allow setting a new filter
253  *    chain to be used for the next Block(s).
254  *
255  *  - After LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH: Raw encoder (lzma_raw_encoder()),
256  *    Block encoder (lzma_block_encoder()), and single-threaded .xz Stream
257  *    encoder (lzma_stream_encoder()) allow changing certain filter-specific
258  *    options in the middle of encoding. The actual filters in the chain
259  *    (Filter IDs) must not be changed! Currently only the lc, lp, and pb
260  *    options of LZMA2 (not LZMA1) can be changed this way.
261  *
262  *  - In the future some filters might allow changing some of their options
263  *    without any barrier or flushing but currently such filters don't exist.
264  *
265  * This function may also be called when no data has been compressed yet
266  * although this is rarely useful. In that case, this function will behave
267  * as if LZMA_FULL_FLUSH (Stream encoders) or LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH (Raw or Block
268  * encoder) had been used right before calling this function.
269  *
270  * \param       strm      Pointer to lzma_stream that is at least
271  *                        initialized with LZMA_STREAM_INIT.
272  * \param       filters   Array of filters terminated with
273  *                        .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
274  *
275  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
276  *              - LZMA_OK
277  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
278  *              - LZMA_MEMLIMIT_ERROR
279  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
280  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
281  */
282 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_filters_update(
283 		lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_filter *filters) lzma_nothrow;
284 
285 
286 /**
287  * \brief       Single-call raw encoder
288  *
289  * \note        There is no function to calculate how big output buffer
290  *              would surely be big enough. (lzma_stream_buffer_bound()
291  *              works only for lzma_stream_buffer_encode(); raw encoder
292  *              won't necessarily meet that bound.)
293  *
294  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
295  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
296  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
297  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
298  * \param       in          Beginning of the input buffer
299  * \param       in_size     Size of the input buffer
300  * \param[out]  out         Beginning of the output buffer
301  * \param[out]  out_pos     The next byte will be written to out[*out_pos].
302  *                          *out_pos is updated only if encoding succeeds.
303  * \param       out_size    Size of the out buffer; the first byte into
304  *                          which no data is written to is out[out_size].
305  *
306  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
307  *              - LZMA_OK: Encoding was successful.
308  *              - LZMA_BUF_ERROR: Not enough output buffer space.
309  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
310  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
311  *              - LZMA_DATA_ERROR
312  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
313  */
314 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_raw_buffer_encode(
315 		const lzma_filter *filters, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
316 		const uint8_t *in, size_t in_size, uint8_t *out,
317 		size_t *out_pos, size_t out_size) lzma_nothrow;
318 
319 
320 /**
321  * \brief       Single-call raw decoder
322  *
323  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
324  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
325  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
326  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
327  * \param       in          Beginning of the input buffer
328  * \param       in_pos      The next byte will be read from in[*in_pos].
329  *                          *in_pos is updated only if decoding succeeds.
330  * \param       in_size     Size of the input buffer; the first byte that
331  *                          won't be read is in[in_size].
332  * \param[out]  out         Beginning of the output buffer
333  * \param[out]  out_pos     The next byte will be written to out[*out_pos].
334  *                          *out_pos is updated only if encoding succeeds.
335  * \param       out_size    Size of the out buffer; the first byte into
336  *                          which no data is written to is out[out_size].
337  *
338  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
339  *              - LZMA_OK: Decoding was successful.
340  *              - LZMA_BUF_ERROR: Not enough output buffer space.
341  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
342  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
343  *              - LZMA_DATA_ERROR
344  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
345  */
346 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_raw_buffer_decode(
347 		const lzma_filter *filters, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
348 		const uint8_t *in, size_t *in_pos, size_t in_size,
349 		uint8_t *out, size_t *out_pos, size_t out_size) lzma_nothrow;
350 
351 
352 /**
353  * \brief       Get the size of the Filter Properties field
354  *
355  * This function may be useful when implementing custom file formats
356  * using the raw encoder and decoder.
357  *
358  * \note        This function validates the Filter ID, but does not
359  *              necessarily validate the options. Thus, it is possible
360  *              that this returns LZMA_OK while the following call to
361  *              lzma_properties_encode() returns LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR.
362  *
363  * \param[out]  size    Pointer to uint32_t to hold the size of the properties
364  * \param       filter  Filter ID and options (the size of the properties may
365  *                      vary depending on the options)
366  *
367  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
368  *              - LZMA_OK
369  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
370  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
371  */
372 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_properties_size(
373 		uint32_t *size, const lzma_filter *filter) lzma_nothrow;
374 
375 
376 /**
377  * \brief       Encode the Filter Properties field
378  *
379  * \note        Even this function won't validate more options than actually
380  *              necessary. Thus, it is possible that encoding the properties
381  *              succeeds but using the same options to initialize the encoder
382  *              will fail.
383  *
384  * \note        If lzma_properties_size() indicated that the size
385  *              of the Filter Properties field is zero, calling
386  *              lzma_properties_encode() is not required, but it
387  *              won't do any harm either.
388  *
389  * \param       filter  Filter ID and options
390  * \param[out]  props   Buffer to hold the encoded options. The size of
391  *                      the buffer must have been already determined with
392  *                      lzma_properties_size().
393  *
394  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
395  *              - LZMA_OK
396  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
397  */
398 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_properties_encode(
399 		const lzma_filter *filter, uint8_t *props) lzma_nothrow;
400 
401 
402 /**
403  * \brief       Decode the Filter Properties field
404  *
405  * \param       filter      filter->id must have been set to the correct
406  *                          Filter ID. filter->options doesn't need to be
407  *                          initialized (it's not freed by this function). The
408  *                          decoded options will be stored in filter->options;
409  *                          it's application's responsibility to free it when
410  *                          appropriate. filter->options is set to NULL if
411  *                          there are no properties or if an error occurs.
412  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
413  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
414  *                          and in case of an error, also free().
415  * \param       props       Input buffer containing the properties.
416  * \param       props_size  Size of the properties. This must be the exact
417  *                          size; giving too much or too little input will
418  *                          return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR.
419  *
420  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
421  *              - LZMA_OK
422  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
423  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
424  */
425 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_properties_decode(
426 		lzma_filter *filter, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
427 		const uint8_t *props, size_t props_size) lzma_nothrow;
428 
429 
430 /**
431  * \brief       Calculate encoded size of a Filter Flags field
432  *
433  * Knowing the size of Filter Flags is useful to know when allocating
434  * memory to hold the encoded Filter Flags.
435  *
436  * \note        If you need to calculate size of List of Filter Flags,
437  *              you need to loop over every lzma_filter entry.
438  *
439  * \param[out]  size    Pointer to integer to hold the calculated size
440  * \param       filter  Filter ID and associated options whose encoded
441  *                      size is to be calculated
442  *
443  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
444  *              - LZMA_OK: *size set successfully. Note that this doesn't
445  *                guarantee that filter->options is valid, thus
446  *                lzma_filter_flags_encode() may still fail.
447  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR: Unknown Filter ID or unsupported options.
448  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR: Invalid options
449  */
450 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_filter_flags_size(
451 		uint32_t *size, const lzma_filter *filter)
452 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
453 
454 
455 /**
456  * \brief       Encode Filter Flags into given buffer
457  *
458  * In contrast to some functions, this doesn't allocate the needed buffer.
459  * This is due to how this function is used internally by liblzma.
460  *
461  * \param       filter      Filter ID and options to be encoded
462  * \param[out]  out         Beginning of the output buffer
463  * \param[out]  out_pos     out[*out_pos] is the next write position. This
464  *                          is updated by the encoder.
465  * \param       out_size    out[out_size] is the first byte to not write.
466  *
467  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
468  *              - LZMA_OK: Encoding was successful.
469  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR: Invalid or unsupported options.
470  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR: Invalid options or not enough output
471  *                buffer space (you should have checked it with
472  *                lzma_filter_flags_size()).
473  */
474 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_filter_flags_encode(const lzma_filter *filter,
475 		uint8_t *out, size_t *out_pos, size_t out_size)
476 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
477 
478 
479 /**
480  * \brief       Decode Filter Flags from given buffer
481  *
482  * The decoded result is stored into *filter. The old value of
483  * filter->options is not free()d. If anything other than LZMA_OK
484  * is returned, filter->options is set to NULL.
485  *
486  * \param[out]  filter      Destination filter. The decoded Filter ID will
487  *                          be stored in filter->id. If options are needed
488  *                          they will be allocated and the pointer will be
489  *                          stored in filter->options.
490  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
491  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
492  * \param       in          Beginning of the input buffer
493  * \param[out]  in_pos      The next byte will be read from in[*in_pos].
494  *                          *in_pos is updated only if decoding succeeds.
495  * \param       in_size     Size of the input buffer; the first byte that
496  *                          won't be read is in[in_size].
497  *
498  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
499  *              - LZMA_OK
500  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR
501  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
502  *              - LZMA_DATA_ERROR
503  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
504  */
505 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_filter_flags_decode(
506 		lzma_filter *filter, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
507 		const uint8_t *in, size_t *in_pos, size_t in_size)
508 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
509 
510 
511 /***********
512  * Strings *
513  ***********/
514 
515 /**
516  * \brief       Allow or show all filters
517  *
518  * By default only the filters supported in the .xz format are accept by
519  * lzma_str_to_filters() or shown by lzma_str_list_filters().
520  */
521 #define LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS    UINT32_C(0x01)
522 
523 
524 /**
525  * \brief       Do not validate the filter chain in lzma_str_to_filters()
526  *
527  * By default lzma_str_to_filters() can return an error if the filter chain
528  * as a whole isn't usable in the .xz format or in the raw encoder or decoder.
529  * With this flag, this validation is skipped. This flag doesn't affect the
530  * handling of the individual filter options. To allow non-.xz filters also
531  * LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS is needed.
532  */
533 #define LZMA_STR_NO_VALIDATION  UINT32_C(0x02)
534 
535 
536 /**
537  * \brief       Stringify encoder options
538  *
539  * Show the filter-specific options that the encoder will use.
540  * This may be useful for verbose diagnostic messages.
541  *
542  * Note that if options were decoded from .xz headers then the encoder options
543  * may be undefined. This flag shouldn't be used in such a situation.
544  */
545 #define LZMA_STR_ENCODER        UINT32_C(0x10)
546 
547 
548 /**
549  * \brief       Stringify decoder options
550  *
551  * Show the filter-specific options that the decoder will use.
552  * This may be useful for showing what filter options were decoded
553  * from file headers.
554  */
555 #define LZMA_STR_DECODER        UINT32_C(0x20)
556 
557 
558 /**
559  * \brief       Produce xz-compatible getopt_long() syntax
560  *
561  * That is, "delta:dist=2 lzma2:dict=4MiB,pb=1,lp=1" becomes
562  * "--delta=dist=2 --lzma2=dict=4MiB,pb=1,lp=1".
563  *
564  * This syntax is compatible with xz 5.0.0 as long as the filters and
565  * their options are supported too.
566  */
567 #define LZMA_STR_GETOPT_LONG    UINT32_C(0x40)
568 
569 
570 /**
571  * \brief       Use two dashes "--" instead of a space to separate filters
572  *
573  * That is, "delta:dist=2 lzma2:pb=1,lp=1" becomes
574  * "delta:dist=2--lzma2:pb=1,lp=1". This looks slightly odd but this
575  * kind of strings should be usable on the command line without quoting.
576  * However, it is possible that future versions with new filter options
577  * might produce strings that require shell quoting anyway as the exact
578  * set of possible characters isn't frozen for now.
579  *
580  * It is guaranteed that the single quote (') will never be used in
581  * filter chain strings (even if LZMA_STR_NO_SPACES isn't used).
582  */
583 #define LZMA_STR_NO_SPACES      UINT32_C(0x80)
584 
585 
586 /**
587  * \brief       Convert a string to a filter chain
588  *
589  * This tries to make it easier to write applications that allow users
590  * to set custom compression options. This only handles the filter
591  * configuration (including presets) but not the number of threads,
592  * block size, check type, or memory limits.
593  *
594  * The input string can be either a preset or a filter chain. Presets
595  * begin with a digit 0-9 and may be followed by zero or more flags
596  * which are lower-case letters. Currently only "e" is supported, matching
597  * LZMA_PRESET_EXTREME. For partial xz command line syntax compatibility,
598  * a preset string may start with a single dash "-".
599  *
600  * A filter chain consists of one or more "filtername:opt1=value1,opt2=value2"
601  * strings separated by one or more spaces. Leading and trailing spaces are
602  * ignored. All names and values must be lower-case. Extra commas in the
603  * option list are ignored. The order of filters is significant: when
604  * encoding, the uncompressed input data goes to the leftmost filter first.
605  * Normally "lzma2" is the last filter in the chain.
606  *
607  * If one wishes to avoid spaces, for example, to avoid shell quoting,
608  * it is possible to use two dashes "--" instead of spaces to separate
609  * the filters.
610  *
611  * For xz command line compatibility, each filter may be prefixed with
612  * two dashes "--" and the colon ":" separating the filter name from
613  * the options may be replaced with an equals sign "=".
614  *
615  * By default, only filters that can be used in the .xz format are accepted.
616  * To allow all filters (LZMA1) use the flag LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS.
617  *
618  * By default, very basic validation is done for the filter chain as a whole,
619  * for example, that LZMA2 is only used as the last filter in the chain.
620  * The validation isn't perfect though and it's possible that this function
621  * succeeds but using the filter chain for encoding or decoding will still
622  * result in LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR. To disable this validation, use the flag
623  * LZMA_STR_NO_VALIDATION.
624  *
625  * The available filter names and their options are available via
626  * lzma_str_list_filters(). See the xz man page for the description
627  * of filter names and options.
628  *
629  * For command line applications, below is an example how an error message
630  * can be displayed. Note the use of an empty string for the field width.
631  * If "^" was used there it would create an off-by-one error except at
632  * the very beginning of the line.
633  *
634  * \code{.c}
635  * const char *str = ...; // From user
636  * lzma_filter filters[LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1];
637  * int pos;
638  * const char *msg = lzma_str_to_filters(str, &pos, filters, 0, NULL);
639  * if (msg != NULL) {
640  *     printf("%s: Error in XZ compression options:\n", argv[0]);
641  *     printf("%s: %s\n", argv[0], str);
642  *     printf("%s: %*s^\n", argv[0], errpos, "");
643  *     printf("%s: %s\n", argv[0], msg);
644  * }
645  * \endcode
646  *
647  * \param       str         User-supplied string describing a preset or
648  *                          a filter chain. If a default value is needed and
649  *                          you don't know what would be good, use "6" since
650  *                          that is the default preset in xz too.
651  * \param[out]  error_pos   If this isn't NULL, this value will be set on
652  *                          both success and on all errors. This tells the
653  *                          location of the error in the string. This is
654  *                          an int to make it straightforward to use this
655  *                          as printf() field width. The value is guaranteed
656  *                          to be in the range [0, INT_MAX] even if strlen(str)
657  *                          somehow was greater than INT_MAX.
658  * \param[out]  filters     An array of lzma_filter structures. There must
659  *                          be LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1 (that is, five) elements
660  *                          in the array. The old contents are ignored so it
661  *                          doesn't need to be initialized. This array is
662  *                          modified only if this function returns NULL.
663  *                          Once the allocated filter options are no longer
664  *                          needed, lzma_filters_free() can be used to free the
665  *                          options (it doesn't free the filters array itself).
666  * \param       flags       Bitwise-or of zero or more of the flags
667  *                          LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS and LZMA_STR_NO_VALIDATION.
668  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
669  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
670  *
671  * \return      On success, NULL is returned. On error, a statically-allocated
672  *              error message is returned which together with the error_pos
673  *              should give some idea what is wrong.
674  */
675 extern LZMA_API(const char *) lzma_str_to_filters(
676 		const char *str, int *error_pos, lzma_filter *filters,
677 		uint32_t flags, const lzma_allocator *allocator)
678 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
679 
680 
681 /**
682  * \brief       Convert a filter chain to a string
683  *
684  * Use cases:
685  *
686  *   - Verbose output showing the full encoder options to the user
687  *     (use LZMA_STR_ENCODER in flags)
688  *
689  *   - Showing the filters and options that are required to decode a file
690  *     (use LZMA_STR_DECODER in flags)
691  *
692  *   - Showing the filter names without any options in informational messages
693  *     where the technical details aren't important (no flags). In this case
694  *     the .options in the filters array are ignored and may be NULL even if
695  *     a filter has a mandatory options structure.
696  *
697  * Note that even if the filter chain was specified using a preset,
698  * the resulting filter chain isn't reversed to a preset. So if you
699  * specify "6" to lzma_str_to_filters() then lzma_str_from_filters()
700  * will produce a string containing "lzma2".
701  *
702  * \param[out]  str         On success *str will be set to point to an
703  *                          allocated string describing the given filter
704  *                          chain. Old value is ignored. On error *str is
705  *                          always set to NULL.
706  * \param       filters     Array of filters terminated with
707  *                          .id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
708  * \param       flags       Bitwise-or of zero or more of the flags
709  *                          LZMA_STR_ENCODER, LZMA_STR_DECODER,
710  *                          LZMA_STR_GETOPT_LONG, and LZMA_STR_NO_SPACES.
711  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
712  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
713  *
714  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
715  *              - LZMA_OK
716  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR: Empty filter chain
717  *                (filters[0].id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN) or the filter chain
718  *                includes a Filter ID that is not supported by this function.
719  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
720  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
721  */
722 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_str_from_filters(
723 		char **str, const lzma_filter *filters, uint32_t flags,
724 		const lzma_allocator *allocator)
725 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
726 
727 
728 /**
729  * \brief       List available filters and/or their options (for help message)
730  *
731  * If a filter_id is given then only one line is created which contains the
732  * filter name. If LZMA_STR_ENCODER or LZMA_STR_DECODER is used then the
733  * options read by the encoder or decoder are printed on the same line.
734  *
735  * If filter_id is LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN then all supported .xz-compatible filters
736  * are listed:
737  *
738  *   - If neither LZMA_STR_ENCODER nor LZMA_STR_DECODER is used then
739  *     the supported filter names are listed on a single line separated
740  *     by spaces.
741  *
742  *   - If LZMA_STR_ENCODER or LZMA_STR_DECODER is used then filters and
743  *     the supported options are listed one filter per line. There won't
744  *     be a newline after the last filter.
745  *
746  *   - If LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS is used then the list will include also
747  *     those filters that cannot be used in the .xz format (LZMA1).
748  *
749  * \param       str         On success *str will be set to point to an
750  *                          allocated string listing the filters and options.
751  *                          Old value is ignored. On error *str is always set
752  *                          to NULL.
753  * \param       filter_id   Filter ID or LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN.
754  * \param       flags       Bitwise-or of zero or more of the flags
755  *                          LZMA_STR_ALL_FILTERS, LZMA_STR_ENCODER,
756  *                          LZMA_STR_DECODER, and LZMA_STR_GETOPT_LONG.
757  * \param       allocator   lzma_allocator for custom allocator functions.
758  *                          Set to NULL to use malloc() and free().
759  *
760  * \return      Possible lzma_ret values:
761  *              - LZMA_OK
762  *              - LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR: Unsupported filter_id or flags
763  *              - LZMA_MEM_ERROR
764  *              - LZMA_PROG_ERROR
765  */
766 extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret) lzma_str_list_filters(
767 		char **str, lzma_vli filter_id, uint32_t flags,
768 		const lzma_allocator *allocator)
769 		lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;
770