xref: /netbsd/sbin/badsect/badsect.c (revision fc045a9d)
1 /*	$NetBSD: badsect.c,v 1.35 2022/11/17 06:40:38 chs Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1981, 1983, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1981, 1983, 1993\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)badsect.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: badsect.c,v 1.35 2022/11/17 06:40:38 chs Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 /*
47  * badsect
48  *
49  * Badsect takes a list of file-system relative sector numbers
50  * and makes files containing the blocks of which these sectors are a part.
51  * It can be used to contain sectors which have problems if these sectors
52  * are not part of the bad file for the pack (see bad144).  For instance,
53  * this program can be used if the driver for the file system in question
54  * does not support bad block forwarding.
55  */
56 #include <sys/param.h>
57 #include <sys/dir.h>
58 #include <sys/stat.h>
59 
60 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
61 #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_bswap.h>
62 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
63 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
64 
65 #include <fcntl.h>
66 #include <paths.h>
67 #include <stdio.h>
68 #include <stdlib.h>
69 #include <string.h>
70 #include <unistd.h>
71 #include <err.h>
72 
73 static union {
74 	struct	fs fs;
75 	char	fsx[SBLOCKSIZE];
76 } ufs;
77 #define sblock	ufs.fs
78 static union {
79 	struct	cg cg;
80 	char	cgx[MAXBSIZE];
81 } ucg;
82 #define	acg	ucg.cg
83 static struct	fs *fs;
84 static int	fsi;
85 static int	errs;
86 static off_t	dev_bsize = 1;
87 static int needswap = 0;
88 static int is_ufs2;
89 
90 static void	rdfs(off_t, size_t, void *);
91 static int	chkuse(daddr_t, int);
92 
93 static const off_t sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
94 
95 int
main(int argc,char * argv[])96 main(int argc, char *argv[])
97 {
98 	daddr_t number;
99 	struct stat stbuf, devstat;
100 	struct direct *dp;
101 	int i, did = 0;
102 	DIR *dirp;
103 	char name[MAXPATHLEN];
104 	size_t dl = sizeof(_PATH_DEV);
105 
106 	if (argc < 3) {
107 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s bbdir blkno [ blkno ]\n",
108 		    getprogname());
109 		exit(1);
110 	}
111 	if (chdir(argv[1]) == -1)
112 		err(1, "Cannot change directory to `%s'", argv[1]);
113 
114 	if (stat(".", &stbuf) == -1)
115 		err(1, "Cannot stat `%s'", argv[1]);
116 
117 	(void)strlcpy(name, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(name));
118 	if ((dirp = opendir(name)) == NULL)
119 		err(1, "Cannot opendir `%s'", argv[1]);
120 
121 	while ((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
122 		(void)strlcpy(name + dl - 1, dp->d_name, sizeof(name) - dl + 1);
123 		if (stat(name, &devstat) == -1)
124 			err(1, "Cannot stat `%s'", name);
125 		if (stbuf.st_dev == devstat.st_rdev &&
126 		    S_ISBLK(devstat.st_mode))
127 			break;
128 	}
129 
130 	if (dp == NULL)
131 		errx(1, "Cannot find dev 0%llo corresponding to %s",
132 		    (long long)stbuf.st_rdev, argv[1]);
133 
134 	/*
135 	 * The filesystem is mounted; use the character device instead.
136 	 * XXX - Assume that prepending an `r' will give us the name of
137 	 * the character device.
138 	 */
139 	name[dl - 1] = 'r';
140 	(void)strlcpy(name + dl,  dp->d_name, sizeof(name) - dl);
141 	(void)closedir(dirp); /* now *dp is invalid */
142 
143 	if ((fsi = open(name, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
144 		err(1, "Cannot open `%s'", argv[1]);
145 
146 	fs = &sblock;
147 
148 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
149 		if (sblock_try[i] == -1)
150 			errx(1, "%s: bad superblock", name);
151 		rdfs(sblock_try[i], SBLOCKSIZE, fs);
152 		switch (fs->fs_magic) {
153 		case FS_UFS2_MAGIC:
154 		case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC:
155 			is_ufs2 = 1;
156 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
157 		case FS_UFS1_MAGIC:
158 			break;
159 		case FS_UFS2_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
160 		case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
161 			is_ufs2 = 1;
162 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
163 		case FS_UFS1_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
164 			needswap = 1;
165 			ffs_sb_swap(fs, fs);
166 			break;
167 		default:
168 			continue;
169 		}
170 
171 		/* Ensure we don't use 1st alternate if ffsv1 and bs=64k */
172 		if (is_ufs2 || fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) {
173 			if (fs->fs_sblockloc != sblock_try[i])
174 				continue;
175 		} else {
176 			if (sblock_try[i] == SBLOCK_UFS2)
177 				continue;
178 		}
179 		break;
180 	}
181 
182 	dev_bsize = fs->fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(fs, 1);
183 	for (argc -= 2, argv += 2; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) {
184 		number = atoi(*argv);
185 		if (chkuse(number, 1))
186 			continue;
187 		if (mknod(*argv, S_IFMT|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR,
188 		    (dev_t)FFS_DBTOFSB(fs, number)) == -1) {
189 			warn("Cannot mknod `%s'", *argv);
190 			errs++;
191 			continue;
192 		}
193 		did++;
194 	}
195 
196 	if (did)
197 		warnx("Don't forget to run `fsck %s'", name);
198 	else
199 		warnx("File system `%s' was not modified", name);
200 	return errs;
201 }
202 
203 static int
chkuse(off_t blkno,int cnt)204 chkuse(off_t blkno, int cnt)
205 {
206 	int cg;
207 	off_t fsbn, bn, fsbe;
208 
209 	fsbn = FFS_DBTOFSB(fs, blkno);
210 	fsbe = fsbn + cnt;
211 	if (fsbe > fs->fs_size) {
212 		warnx("block %lld out of range of file system",
213 		    (long long)blkno);
214 		return 1;
215 	}
216 
217 	cg = (int)dtog(fs, fsbn);
218 	if (fsbn < cgdmin(fs, cg)) {
219 		if (cg == 0 || fsbe > cgsblock(fs, cg)) {
220 			warnx("block %lld in superblock area: cannot attach",
221 			    (long long)blkno);
222 			return 1;
223 		}
224 	} else {
225 		if (fsbe > cgbase(fs, cg + 1)) {
226 			warnx("block %lld in beyond end of cylinder group: "
227 			    "cannot attach", (long long)blkno);
228 			return 1;
229 		}
230 	}
231 
232 	rdfs(FFS_FSBTODB(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)sblock.fs_cgsize, &acg);
233 
234 	if (!cg_chkmagic(&acg, needswap)) {
235 		warnx("cg %d: bad magic number", cg);
236 		errs++;
237 		return 1;
238 	}
239 
240 	bn = dtogd(fs, fsbn);
241 	if (isclr(cg_blksfree(&acg, needswap), bn))
242 		warnx("Warning: sector %lld is in use", (long long)blkno);
243 
244 	return 0;
245 }
246 
247 /*
248  * read a block from the file system
249  */
250 static void
rdfs(off_t bno,size_t size,void * bf)251 rdfs(off_t bno, size_t size, void *bf)
252 {
253 	ssize_t n;
254 
255 	if (lseek(fsi, bno * dev_bsize, SEEK_SET) == -1)
256 		err(1, "seek error at block %lld", (long long)bno);
257 
258 	switch (n = read(fsi, bf, size)) {
259 	case -1:
260 		err(1, "read error at block %lld", (long long)bno);
261 		break;
262 
263 	default:
264 		if ((size_t)n == size)
265 			return;
266 		errx(1, "incomplete read at block %lld", (long long)bno);
267 	}
268 }
269