1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.10 2009/09/05 11:37:52 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd July 1, 1995 38.Dt BOOT 8 mac68k 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46Normally, the 47.Nx 48kernel on the mac68k architecture is booted from the native operating 49system by means of an application program. 50When the kernel takes over, 51it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. 52An automatic consistency check of the file systems takes place, 53and unless this fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. 54The proper way to shut the system down is with the 55.Xr shutdown 8 56command. 57.Pp 58If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 59.Xr ddb 4 , 60if it is configured in the kernel. 61If the debugger is not present, 62or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 63configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 64.Xr savecore 8 65during the next boot cycle). 66After the dump is complete (successful 67or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 68.Pp 69On most mac68k machines with "soft-power" after the IIcx, the power 70switch can be physically rotated and locked in the 'on' position. 71The native OS can be configured to automatically start the 72.Nx 73boot program. 74Additionally, the 75.Nx 76boot program can be configured to boot 77.Nx 78without intervention. 79When a system is so configured, it can crash or lose power and 80reboot back to a fully multi-user state without any intervention. 81.Pp 82.Ss The boot application 83The boot application runs in the native OS on the system. 84It has a dialog where booting preferences may be changed and an 85option whereby these options may be saved. 86The preferences are stored in the program 87itself, not in a preferences folder--thus allowing two separate copies 88of the program to be configured differently (e.g. to boot different 89netbsd or netbsd.test, or to boot from two different drives). 90.Pp 91One option that may be specified is a boot to single-user mode. 92This stops the boot process very early on and allows system maintenance. 93If one wishes to provide some security at this phase of the boot, remove 94the 95.Ql secure 96option from ttye0 in the 97.Xr ttys 5 98file. 99.Pp 100Another useful option that may be specified is the "serial console" 101option. 102This will allow a serial device (terminal or computer) to 103act as a console for the system. 104This device must be configured to 105use 9600 baud, eight bits, no parity, and one stop bit (9600-N81). 106Either the printer port or the modem port (tty01 and tty00, 107respectively) may be used for this. 108.Pp 109It is sometimes useful to boot a kernel that resides in a folder 110in native OS rather than from the usual location in the 111.Nx 112file system. 113A radio button is supplied for this purpose. 114Note that 115some programs will not run properly if the kernel is not found as 116.Ar /netbsd 117within the 118.Nx 119file system. 120.Sh FILES 121.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 122.It Pa /netbsd 123system kernel 124.El 125.Sh SEE ALSO 126.Xr ddb 4 , 127.Xr ttys 5 , 128.Xr savecore 8 , 129.Xr shutdown 8 130