1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.6 2001/09/08 01:34:39 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 20.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 21.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24.\" without specific prior written permission. 25.\" 26.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 37.\" 38.\" From: 39.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 40.\" 41.Dd July 1, 1995 42.Dt BOOT 8 mac68k 43.Os 44.Sh NAME 45.Nm boot 46.Nd 47system bootstrapping procedures 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49.Sy Power fail and crash recovery 50Normally, the 51.Nx 52kernel on the mac68k architecture is booted from the native operating 53system by means of an application program. When the kernel takes over, 54it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 55consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 56fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 57to shut the system down is with the 58.Xr shutdown 8 59command. 60.Pp 61If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 62.Xr ddb 4 , 63if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 64or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 65configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 66.Xr savecore 8 67during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 68or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 69.Pp 70On most mac68k machines with "soft-power" after the IIcx, the power 71switch can be physically rotated and locked in the 'on' position. 72The native OS can be configured to automatically start the 73.Nx 74boot program. Additionally, the 75.Nx 76boot program can be configured to boot 77.Nx 78without intervention. When a system is so configured, it can crash 79or lose power and reboot back to a fully multi-user state without 80any intervention. 81.Pp 82.Sy The boot application 83The boot application runs in the native OS on the system. It has a 84dialog where booting preferences may be changed and an option whereby 85these options may be saved. The preferences are stored in the program 86itself, not in a preferences folder--thus allowing two separate copies 87of the program to be configured differently (e.g. to boot different 88netbsd or netbsd.test, or to boot from two different drives). 89.Pp 90One option that may be specified is a boot to single-user mode. This 91stops the boot process very early on and allows system maintenence. 92If one wishes to provide some security at this phase of the boot, remove 93the 94.Ql secure 95option from ttye0 in the 96.Xr ttys 5 97file. 98.Pp 99Another useful option that may be specified is the "serial console" 100option. This will allow a serial device (terminal or computer) to 101act as a console for the system. This device must be configured to 102use 9600 baud, eight bits, no parity, and one stop bit (9600-N81). 103Either the printer port or the modem port (tty01 and tty00, 104respectively) may be used for this. 105.Pp 106It is sometimes useful to boot a kernel that resides in a folder 107in native OS rather than from the usual location in the 108.Nx 109file system. A radio button is supplied for this purpose. Note that 110some programs will not run properly if the kernel is not found as 111.Ar /netbsd 112within the 113.Nx 114file system. 115.Sh FILES 116.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 117.It Pa /netbsd 118system kernel 119.El 120.Sh SEE ALSO 121.Xr ddb 4 , 122.Xr ttys 5 , 123.Xr savecore 8 , 124.Xr shutdown 8 125