xref: /netbsd/usr.sbin/installboot/installboot.c (revision 60876084)
1 /*	$NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.41 2022/07/10 19:28:00 brook Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Luke Mewburn of Wasabi Systems.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
33 #include "nbtool_config.h"
34 #endif
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if !defined(__lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.41 2022/07/10 19:28:00 brook Exp $");
39 #endif	/* !__lint */
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
43 #include <sys/utsname.h>
44 
45 #include <assert.h>
46 #include <err.h>
47 #include <fcntl.h>
48 #include <limits.h>
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <stdlib.h>
51 #include <stddef.h>
52 #include <string.h>
53 #include <unistd.h>
54 #if !HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
55 #include <util.h>
56 #endif
57 
58 #include "installboot.h"
59 #include "evboards.h"
60 
61 static	void	getmachine(ib_params *, const char *, const char *);
62 static	void	getfstype(ib_params *, const char *, const char *);
63 static	void	getubootpaths(ib_params *, const char *);
64 static	void	parseoptions(ib_params *, const char *);
65 __dead static	void	usage(void);
66 static	void	options_usage(void);
67 static	void	machine_usage(void);
68 static	void	fstype_usage(void);
69 
70 static	ib_params	installboot_params;
71 
72 #define OFFSET(field)    offsetof(ib_params, field)
73 const struct option {
74 	const char	*name;		/* Name of option */
75 	ib_flags	flag;		/* Corresponding IB_xxx flag */
76 	enum {				/* Type of option value... */
77 		OPT_BOOL,		/* no value */
78 		OPT_INT,		/* numeric value */
79 		OPT_WORD,		/* space/tab/, terminated */
80 		OPT_STRING		/* null terminated */
81 	}		type;
82 	int		offset;		/* of field in ib_params */
83 } options[] = {
84 	{ "alphasum",	IB_ALPHASUM,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
85 	{ "append",	IB_APPEND,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
86 	{ "command",	IB_COMMAND,	OPT_STRING,	OFFSET(command) },
87 	{ "console",	IB_CONSOLE,	OPT_WORD,	OFFSET(console) },
88 	{ "ioaddr",	IB_CONSADDR,	OPT_INT,	OFFSET(consaddr) },
89 	{ "keymap",	IB_KEYMAP,	OPT_WORD,	OFFSET(keymap) },
90 	{ "password",	IB_PASSWORD,	OPT_WORD,	OFFSET(password) },
91 	{ "resetvideo",	IB_RESETVIDEO,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
92 	{ "speed",	IB_CONSPEED,	OPT_INT,	OFFSET(conspeed) },
93 	{ "sunsum",	IB_SUNSUM,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
94 	{ "timeout",	IB_TIMEOUT,	OPT_INT,	OFFSET(timeout) },
95 	{ "modules",	IB_MODULES,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
96 	{ "bootconf",	IB_BOOTCONF,	OPT_BOOL,	0 },
97 	{ "board",	IB_BOARD,	OPT_STRING,	OFFSET(board) },
98 	{ "dtb",	IB_DTB,		OPT_STRING,	OFFSET(dtb) },
99 	{ "media",	IB_MEDIA,	OPT_WORD,	OFFSET(media) },
100 	{ .name = NULL },
101 };
102 #undef OFFSET
103 #define OPTION(params, type, opt) (*(type *)((char *)(params) + (opt)->offset))
104 
105 #define DFL_SECSIZE	512	/* Don't use DEV_BSIZE. It's host's value. */
106 
107 #ifndef DEFAULT_UBOOT_PKG_PATH
108 #define	DEFAULT_UBOOT_PKG_PATH	"/usr/pkg/share/u-boot"
109 #endif
110 
111 #ifndef UBOOT_PATHS_ENV_VAR
112 #define	UBOOT_PATHS_ENV_VAR	"INSTALLBOOT_UBOOT_PATHS"
113 #endif
114 
115 int
main(int argc,char * argv[])116 main(int argc, char *argv[])
117 {
118 	struct utsname	utsname;
119 	ib_params	*params;
120 	unsigned long	lval;
121 	int		ch, rv, mode;
122 	char 		*p;
123 	const char	*op;
124 	ib_flags	unsupported_flags;
125 #if !HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
126 	char		specname[MAXPATHLEN];
127 	char		rawname[MAXPATHLEN];
128 	const char	*special, *raw;
129 #endif
130 
131 	setprogname(argv[0]);
132 	params = &installboot_params;
133 	memset(params, 0, sizeof(*params));
134 	params->fsfd = -1;
135 	params->s1fd = -1;
136 	if ((p = getenv("MACHINE")) != NULL)
137 		getmachine(params, p, "$MACHINE");
138 	getubootpaths(params, DEFAULT_UBOOT_PKG_PATH);
139 	if ((p = getenv(UBOOT_PATHS_ENV_VAR)) != NULL) {
140 		getubootpaths(params, p);
141 	}
142 
143 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:B:cefm:no:t:u:v")) != -1) {
144 		switch (ch) {
145 
146 		case 'b':
147 		case 'B':
148 			if (*optarg == '\0')
149 				goto badblock;
150 			lval = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0);
151 			if (lval > UINT32_MAX || *p != '\0') {
152  badblock:
153 				errx(1, "Invalid block number `%s'", optarg);
154 			}
155 			if (ch == 'b') {
156 				params->s1start = (uint32_t)lval;
157 				params->flags |= IB_STAGE1START;
158 			} else {
159 				params->s2start = (uint32_t)lval;
160 				params->flags |= IB_STAGE2START;
161 			}
162 			break;
163 
164 		case 'c':
165 			params->flags |= IB_CLEAR;
166 			break;
167 
168 		case 'e':
169 			params->flags |= IB_EDIT;
170 			break;
171 
172 		case 'f':
173 			params->flags |= IB_FORCE;
174 			break;
175 
176 		case 'm':
177 			getmachine(params, optarg, "-m");
178 			break;
179 
180 		case 'n':
181 			params->flags |= IB_NOWRITE;
182 			break;
183 
184 		case 'o':
185 			parseoptions(params, optarg);
186 			break;
187 
188 		case 't':
189 			getfstype(params, optarg, "-t");
190 			break;
191 
192 		case 'u':
193 			getubootpaths(params, optarg);
194 			break;
195 
196 		case 'v':
197 			params->flags |= IB_VERBOSE;
198 			break;
199 
200 		case '?':
201 		default:
202 			usage();
203 			/* NOTREACHED */
204 
205 		}
206 	}
207 	argc -= optind;
208 	argv += optind;
209 
210 	if (params->flags & IB_CLEAR && params->flags & IB_EDIT)
211 		usage();
212 	if (argc < 1 || argc + 2 * !!(params->flags & (IB_CLEAR | IB_EDIT)) > 3)
213 		usage();
214 
215 	/* set missing defaults */
216 	if (params->machine == NULL) {
217 		if (uname(&utsname) == -1)
218 			err(1, "Determine uname");
219 		getmachine(params, utsname.machine, "uname()");
220 	}
221 
222 	/* Check that options are supported by this system */
223 	unsupported_flags = params->flags & ~params->machine->valid_flags;
224 	unsupported_flags &= ~(IB_VERBOSE | IB_NOWRITE | IB_CLEAR | IB_EDIT
225 				| IB_FORCE);
226 	if (unsupported_flags != 0) {
227 		int ndx;
228 		for (ndx = 0; options[ndx].name != NULL; ndx++) {
229 			if (unsupported_flags & options[ndx].flag) {
230 				unsupported_flags &= ~options[ndx].flag;
231 				warnx("`-o %s' is not supported for %s",
232 				    options[ndx].name, params->machine->name);
233 			}
234 		}
235 		if (unsupported_flags & IB_STAGE1START)
236 			warnx("`-b bno' is not supported for %s",
237 			    params->machine->name);
238 		if (unsupported_flags & IB_STAGE2START)
239 			warnx("`-B bno' is not supported for %s",
240 			    params->machine->name);
241 		unsupported_flags &= ~(IB_STAGE1START | IB_STAGE2START);
242 		if (unsupported_flags != 0)
243 			warnx("Unknown unsupported flag %#x (coding error!)",
244 			    unsupported_flags);
245 		exit(1);
246 	}
247 	/* and some illegal combinations */
248 	if (params->flags & IB_STAGE1START && params->flags & IB_APPEND) {
249 		warnx("Can't use `-b bno' with `-o append'");
250 		exit(1);
251 	}
252 	if (params->flags & IB_CLEAR &&
253 	    params->flags & (IB_STAGE1START | IB_STAGE2START | IB_APPEND)) {
254 		warnx("Can't use `-b bno', `-B bno' or `-o append' with `-c'");
255 		exit(1);
256 	}
257 
258 	if (argc >= 3) {
259 		params->stage2 = argv[2];
260 	}
261 
262 #if !HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
263 	special = getfsspecname(specname, sizeof(specname), argv[0]);
264 	if (special == NULL)
265 		err(1, "%s: %s", argv[0], specname);
266 	raw = getdiskrawname(rawname, sizeof(rawname), special);
267 	if (raw != NULL)
268 		special = raw;
269 	params->filesystem = special;
270 #else
271 	params->filesystem = argv[0];
272 #endif
273 
274 	if (params->flags & IB_NOWRITE) {
275 		op = "only";
276 		mode = O_RDONLY;
277 	} else {
278 		op = "write";
279 		mode = O_RDWR;
280 	}
281 	/* XXX should be specified via option */
282 	params->sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE;
283 	if ((params->fsfd = open(params->filesystem, mode, 0600)) == -1)
284 		err(1, "Opening file system `%s' read-%s",
285 		    params->filesystem, op);
286 	if (fstat(params->fsfd, &params->fsstat) == -1)
287 		err(1, "Examining file system `%s'", params->filesystem);
288 	if (params->fstype != NULL) {
289 		if (! params->fstype->match(params))
290 			errx(1, "File system `%s' is not of type %s",
291 			    params->filesystem, params->fstype->name);
292 	} else {
293 		if (params->stage2 != NULL) {
294 			params->fstype = &fstypes[0];
295 			while (params->fstype->name != NULL &&
296 				    !params->fstype->match(params))
297 				params->fstype++;
298 			if (params->fstype->name == NULL)
299 				errx(1, "File system `%s' is of an unknown type",
300 				    params->filesystem);
301 		}
302 	}
303 
304 	assert(params->machine != NULL);
305 
306 	if (argc >= 2) {
307 		if ((params->s1fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY, 0600)) == -1)
308 			err(1, "Opening primary bootstrap `%s'", argv[1]);
309 		if (fstat(params->s1fd, &params->s1stat) == -1)
310 			err(1, "Examining primary bootstrap `%s'", argv[1]);
311 		if (!S_ISREG(params->s1stat.st_mode)) {
312 			/*
313 			 * If the platform uses u-boot, then the stage1
314 			 * spec might be the directory where the u-boot
315 			 * binaries for the system are located.
316 			 */
317 			if (params->machine->mach_flags & MF_UBOOT) {
318 				if (!S_ISDIR(params->s1stat.st_mode)) {
319 					errx(1, "`%s' must be a regular file "
320 					     "or a directory", argv[1]);
321 				}
322 				(void) close(params->s1fd);
323 				params->s1fd = -1;
324 			} else {
325 				errx(1, "`%s' must be a regular file", argv[1]);
326 			}
327 		}
328 		params->stage1 = argv[1];
329 	}
330 
331 	if (params->flags & IB_VERBOSE) {
332 		printf("File system:         %s\n", params->filesystem);
333 		if (params->fstype)
334 			printf("File system type:    %s (blocksize %u, "
335 				"needswap %d)\n",
336 			    params->fstype->name, params->fstype->blocksize,
337 			    params->fstype->needswap);
338 		if (!(params->flags & IB_EDIT))
339 			printf("Primary bootstrap:   %s%s\n",
340 			    (params->flags & IB_CLEAR) ? "(to be cleared)"
341 			    : params->stage1 ? params->stage1 : "(none)",
342 			    S_ISDIR(params->s1stat.st_mode) ? " (directory)"
343 			    				    : "");
344 		if (params->stage2 != NULL)
345 			printf("Secondary bootstrap: %s\n", params->stage2);
346 	}
347 
348 	if (params->flags & IB_EDIT) {
349 		op = "Edit";
350 		rv = params->machine->editboot(params);
351 	} else if (params->flags & IB_CLEAR) {
352 		op = "Clear";
353 		rv = params->machine->clearboot(params);
354 	} else {
355 		if (argc < 2) {
356 			/*
357 			 * If the platform uses u-boot, then the stage1 spec is
358 			 * optional iff they specified a board (because we can
359 			 * infer a default location for u-boot binaries if the
360 			 * board type is given).
361 			 */
362 			if (!(params->machine->mach_flags & MF_UBOOT)) {
363 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
364 				   "Please specify the primary bootstrap file");
365 			}
366 		}
367 		op = "Set";
368 		rv = params->machine->setboot(params);
369 	}
370 	if (rv == 0)
371 		errx(1, "%s bootstrap operation failed", op);
372 
373 	if (S_ISREG(params->fsstat.st_mode)) {
374 		if (fsync(params->fsfd) == -1)
375 			err(1, "Synchronising file system `%s'",
376 			    params->filesystem);
377 	} else {
378 		/* Sync filesystems (to clean in-memory superblock?) */
379 		sync();
380 	}
381 	if (close(params->fsfd) == -1)
382 		err(1, "Closing file system `%s'", params->filesystem);
383 	if (params->s1fd != -1)
384 		if (close(params->s1fd) == -1)
385 			err(1, "Closing primary bootstrap `%s'",
386 			    params->stage1);
387 
388 	exit(0);
389 	/* NOTREACHED */
390 }
391 
392 static void
parseoptions(ib_params * params,const char * option)393 parseoptions(ib_params *params, const char *option)
394 {
395 	char *cp;
396 	const struct option *opt;
397 	int len;
398 	unsigned long val;
399 
400 	assert(params != NULL);
401 	assert(option != NULL);
402 
403 	for (;; option += len) {
404 		option += strspn(option, ", \t");
405 		if (*option == 0)
406 			return;
407 		len = strcspn(option, "=,");
408 		for (opt = options; opt->name != NULL; opt++) {
409 			if (memcmp(option, opt->name, len) == 0
410 			    && opt->name[len] == 0)
411 				break;
412 		}
413 		if (opt->name == NULL) {
414 			len = strcspn(option, ",");
415 			warnx("Unknown option `-o %.*s'", len, option);
416 			break;
417 		}
418 		params->flags |= opt->flag;
419 		if (opt->type == OPT_BOOL) {
420 			if (option[len] != '=')
421 				continue;
422 			warnx("Option `%s' must not have a value", opt->name);
423 			break;
424 		}
425 		if (option[len] != '=') {
426 			warnx("Option `%s' must have a value", opt->name);
427 			break;
428 		}
429 		option += len + 1;
430 		len = strcspn(option, ",");
431 		switch (opt->type) {
432 		case OPT_STRING:
433 			len = strlen(option);
434 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
435 		case OPT_WORD:
436 			cp = strdup(option);
437 			if (cp == NULL)
438 				err(1, "strdup");
439 			cp[len] = 0;
440 			OPTION(params, char *, opt) = cp;
441 			continue;
442 		case OPT_INT:
443 			val = strtoul(option, &cp, 0);
444 			if (cp > option + len || (*cp != 0 && *cp != ','))
445 				break;
446 			if (val > INT_MAX)
447 				break;
448 			OPTION(params, int, opt) = (int)val;
449 			continue;
450 		default:
451 			errx(1, "Internal error: option `%s' has invalid type %d",
452 				opt->name, opt->type);
453 		}
454 		warnx("Invalid option value `%s=%.*s'", opt->name, len, option);
455 		break;
456 	}
457 	options_usage();
458 	exit(1);
459 }
460 
461 static void
options_usage(void)462 options_usage(void)
463 {
464 	int ndx;
465 	const char *pfx;
466 
467 	warnx("Valid options are:");
468 	pfx = "\t";
469 	for (ndx = 0; options[ndx].name != 0; ndx++) {
470 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", pfx, options[ndx].name);
471 		switch (options[ndx].type) {
472 		case OPT_INT:
473 			fprintf(stderr, "=number");
474 			break;
475 		case OPT_WORD:
476 			fprintf(stderr, "=word");
477 			break;
478 		case OPT_STRING:
479 			fprintf(stderr, "=string");
480 			break;
481 		default:
482 			break;
483 		}
484 		if ((ndx % 5) == 4)
485 			pfx = ",\n\t";
486 		else
487 			pfx = ", ";
488 	}
489 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
490 }
491 
492 int
no_setboot(ib_params * params)493 no_setboot(ib_params *params)
494 {
495 
496 	assert(params != NULL);
497 
498 	warnx("%s: bootstrap installation is not supported",
499 	    params->machine->name);
500 	return (0);
501 }
502 
503 int
no_clearboot(ib_params * params)504 no_clearboot(ib_params *params)
505 {
506 
507 	assert(params != NULL);
508 
509 	warnx("%s: bootstrap removal is not supported",
510 	    params->machine->name);
511 	return (0);
512 }
513 
514 int
no_editboot(ib_params * params)515 no_editboot(ib_params *params)
516 {
517 
518 	assert(params != NULL);
519 
520 	warnx("%s: bootstrap editing is not supported",
521 	    params->machine->name);
522 	return (0);
523 }
524 
525 
526 static void
getmachine(ib_params * param,const char * mach,const char * provider)527 getmachine(ib_params *param, const char *mach, const char *provider)
528 {
529 	int	i;
530 
531 	assert(param != NULL);
532 	assert(mach != NULL);
533 	assert(provider != NULL);
534 
535 	for (i = 0; machines[i] != NULL; i++) {
536 		if (machines[i]->name == NULL)
537 			continue;
538 		if (strcmp(machines[i]->name, mach) == 0) {
539 			param->machine = machines[i];
540 			return;
541 		}
542 	}
543 	warnx("Invalid machine `%s' from %s", mach, provider);
544 	machine_usage();
545 	exit(1);
546 }
547 
548 static void
machine_usage(void)549 machine_usage(void)
550 {
551 	const char *prefix;
552 	int	i;
553 	int col, len;
554 	const char *name;
555 	int	wincol=80;
556 #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
557 	struct winsize win;
558 
559 	if (ioctl(fileno(stderr), TIOCGWINSZ, &win) == 0 && win.ws_col > 0)
560 		wincol = win.ws_col;
561 #endif
562 
563 	warnx("Supported machines are:");
564 	prefix="\t";
565 	col = 8 + 3;
566 	for (i = 0; machines[i] != NULL; i++) {
567 		name = machines[i]->name;
568 		if (name == NULL)
569 			continue;
570 		len = strlen(name);
571 		if (col + len > wincol) {
572 			prefix=",\n\t";
573 			col = -2 + 8 + 3;
574 		}
575 		col += fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", prefix, name);
576 		prefix=", ";
577 	}
578 	fputs("\n", stderr);
579 }
580 
581 static void
getfstype(ib_params * param,const char * fstype,const char * provider)582 getfstype(ib_params *param, const char *fstype, const char *provider)
583 {
584 	int i;
585 
586 	assert(param != NULL);
587 	assert(fstype != NULL);
588 	assert(provider != NULL);
589 
590 	for (i = 0; fstypes[i].name != NULL; i++) {
591 		if (strcmp(fstypes[i].name, fstype) == 0) {
592 			param->fstype = &fstypes[i];
593 			return;
594 		}
595 	}
596 	warnx("Invalid file system type `%s' from %s", fstype, provider);
597 	fstype_usage();
598 	exit(1);
599 }
600 
601 static void
fstype_usage(void)602 fstype_usage(void)
603 {
604 #ifndef NO_STAGE2
605 	const char *prefix;
606 	int	i;
607 
608 	warnx("Supported file system types are:");
609 #define FSTYPES_PER_LINE	9
610 	prefix="\t";
611 	for (i = 0; fstypes[i].name != NULL; i++) {
612 		if (i && (i % FSTYPES_PER_LINE) == 0)
613 			prefix=",\n\t";
614 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", prefix, fstypes[i].name);
615 		prefix=", ";
616 	}
617 	fputs("\n", stderr);
618 #endif
619 }
620 
621 static void
getubootpaths(ib_params * param,const char * paths)622 getubootpaths(ib_params *param, const char *paths)
623 {
624 	assert(param != NULL);
625 	assert(paths != NULL);
626 
627 	param->uboot_paths = paths;
628 }
629 
630 static void
usage(void)631 usage(void)
632 {
633 	const char	*prog;
634 
635 	prog = getprogname();
636 	fprintf(stderr,
637 "usage: %s [-fnv] [-B s2bno] [-b s1bno] [-m machine] [-o options]\n"
638 "\t\t   [-t fstype] [-u uboot-paths] filesystem primary [secondary]\n"
639 "usage: %s -c [-fnv] [-m machine] [-o options] [-t fstype] filesystem\n"
640 "usage: %s -e [-fnv] [-m machine] [-o options] bootstrap\n",
641 	    prog, prog, prog);
642 	machine_usage();
643 	fstype_usage();
644 	options_usage();
645 	if (installboot_params.machine != NULL &&
646 	    installboot_params.machine->usage != NULL)
647 		installboot_params.machine->usage(&installboot_params);
648 	exit(1);
649 }
650